EP1011940B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkörpern aus zerkleinertem material - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkörpern aus zerkleinertem material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1011940B1
EP1011940B1 EP98945303A EP98945303A EP1011940B1 EP 1011940 B1 EP1011940 B1 EP 1011940B1 EP 98945303 A EP98945303 A EP 98945303A EP 98945303 A EP98945303 A EP 98945303A EP 1011940 B1 EP1011940 B1 EP 1011940B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electron beam
binder
curing
woodlike
conveyor belt
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98945303A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1011940A1 (de
Inventor
Georg Reif
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Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the continuous production of composite wood-like plates, in the wood-like material, an electron beam curing Binder, compression pressure used for compression and electron beam energy for curing , the process of compaction from the process of introducing the electron beam energy is spatially separated.
  • the invention also relates to a device for continuous production of composite wood-like panels with a conveyor belt for the material, one subsequent pressing device and a subsequent electron beam device.
  • the two pairs of press rolls can spring up the plate arrangement in the irradiation area prevent or only partially prevent it in the middle between the pairs of press rolls, if the layers have a corresponding stiffness. Otherwise, the rear one Press roller pair only effective when starting production, while after insertion electron beam hardening may even have a destructive effect on the continuous, already fully hardened plywood board must be expected. In any case but are the known device and the method carried out with it for the Production of chipboard, fiberboard or OSB boards unsuitable, which are made of nonwovens that tend to spring open after compression.
  • thermal for the production of chipboard or fiberboard curable binders such as urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, Isocyanates, phenol-formaldehyde resin, etc. used.
  • the hardening corresponds chemically seen a thermally accelerated polymerization or polycondensation reaction.
  • chipboard the dried and glued with the binder Chips are fed to large-format stack presses or cycle presses (discontinuous production), or work is carried out in a continuous process (continuous production), e.g. to the Conti-Roll process, where an endless belt of chips forms a pressing section between them progressively approaching conveyor belt runs and / or a nip, whereby the compression is effected.
  • Press factor which is the time required for plate hardening to the dimension perpendicular relates to the plate surface.
  • the maximum possible is then calculated from the plate thickness Feed (with continuous production) or the maximum possible number of cycles at Cycle presses and thus the plant capacity.
  • Usual press factors are in the range between 3 and 6 s / mm for Conti-Roll systems and between 5 and 9 s / mm for cycle systems. For example, the curing of a 19 mm plate with a press factor of 5 results s / mm a manufacturing time of 95 seconds.
  • the steam boost effect which is advantageous for accelerating curing, has the further effect Disadvantage that the product moisture on the plate surface is almost zero and towards the middle towards what an inhomogeneous moisture profile means. From the point of view of a stable product, however, a homogeneous moisture profile should be aimed for, which can be found in the Practice only stops after storage for several weeks. The processing and in particular the lamination of panels with a clearly inhomogeneous moisture profile to quality problems. In addition, ever increasing system outputs have become one lower product moisture, which is now below the moisture that the Product accepts in everyday use (balancing moisture). So the product strives Absorb moisture from the environment.
  • a mixture is formed as a radiation-curable binder unsaturated oligomers (at least 30% by weight), acrylonitrile (1-30% by weight), not co-polymerizing Additives (maximum 30% by weight) and the rest to 100% by weight vinyl unsaturated monomers.
  • the invention has for its object to carry out the method described above and to design the device described at the outset in such a way that plate-shaped Body (molded body) of exact target thickness with high production output, without that a disturbing moisture content as well as an inhomogeneous moisture distribution in purchase must be taken.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the activation and curing of the binder used - in contrast to the thermally curing binders - is carried out by high-energy radiation from an electron beam accelerator. Its performance is essentially determined by two characteristic values: the acceleration voltage in MeV, which is responsible for the range of the energy in the body to be irradiated, and the amount of energy emitted by the radiator to the irradiated body (radiator power, dose amount), which is the product of accelerator voltage and accelerator current is.
  • the emitter power determines the amount of energy introduced into and absorbed by the body, which is responsible for the hardening of the binder.
  • Available accelerator systems with an acceleration voltage of 10 MeV enable a penetration depth of approx. 40 mm when irradiating one side of a plate material, which has a specific weight of 750 kg / m 3 , for example, and when irradiating on both sides with 10 MeV each of approx. 105 mm.
  • the water is on the one hand used to transport heat into the Plate center advantageous, but when lowering the pressure due to the risk of space disadvantageous, it hardly affects the method according to the invention.
  • the risk of moisture shifting is not given as there is no one-sided thermal load on the product acts, which is the cause of the moisture migration in the product to the cold middle of the plate out there.
  • absorption of the incident radiation or due to the polymerization no critical temperature increase, which is the build up of a significant would allow water vapor pressure.
  • Maturation times of several days as with the usual production are necessary are therefore not necessary what regarding the storage space requirement and the bound Capital is beneficial.
  • Unsaturated oligomers are suitable as binders for electron beam curing. It can be advantageous to add these monomers to the type and degree of polymerization to influence the binder. Accordingly, these monomers are also called Called crosslinker. Crosslinkers have mono- (e.g. HDDA), di- (DPGDA), tri- (e.g. TMPTA) or polyfunctional groups. The choice of the networker in coordination with the unsaturated oligomer in terms of the mixing ratio and in terms of Combination of different crosslinkers influences the properties of the manufactured one Molded body or plate, e.g. Flexural strength, transverse tensile strength, flexural modulus, durability against the effects of humidity and water).
  • Curing requires a radiation dose between 70 and 100 kGy.
  • Applicable unsaturated oligomers are e.g. Polyester resins, acrylic resins, diallyl phthalate prepolymers, acrylic modified alkyd, epoxy or urethane resins. These are in contrast to the Condensation resins usually used free of formaldehyde (test according to DIN EN 120 with photometric evaluation) and enable a connection that is resistant to boiling water of the composite in the sense of EN 1087 part 1.
  • thermal partial curing or initial curing an organic peroxide (e.g. TBPEH), which together with the binder is introduced and the crosslinking of the binder is initialized under the action of temperature.
  • organic peroxide e.g. TBPEH
  • This is also a two-stage hardening process, with the first stage being below Exposure to pressure and heat an initial hardening or partial hardening with stabilization the compacted form, and in a second stage without external influence of Pressure the complete curing or polymerization of the binder by electron beam energy he follows.
  • the thermal initial hardening only serves to fix the Material in the compressed layer and can take place at a comparatively low temperature, so that the aforementioned technological disadvantages of thermal hardening are limited being held.
  • top layers only by pressure and temperature. These hardened cover layers can have a thickness of 1 mm to several mm.
  • the binder in these top layers cannot be made from one in the electron beam curable binder, from a mixture of a thermally curable Binder and a binder curable in the electron beam or from a mixture made of a binder curable in the electron beam with an organic peroxide consist.
  • the binder for the portion of the product other than the top layers is an im Electron beam curable binder or a mixture of a thermally curable and a part curable in the electron beam.
  • the thermal hardening of the cover layers does not have to be complete crosslinking of the binder lead, especially if the binder used via an im Electron beam curable portion. Rather, the duration of exposure to temperature is even desirable to keep the top layers as short as possible to avoid the Exposure to adverse plate properties to be expected as low as possible to keep.
  • the thermal partial hardening is followed by a final hardening of the product by the action of electron beam energy, this depending on the requirements of the Product properties optionally under the influence of a compared to the first stage thermal hardening can already take place at reduced holding pressure or without pressure.
  • the already partially hardened top layers simplify the application of a holding pressure in the kind that on a form-stabilizing tape or a similar in function and effect Device in the field of electron beam exposure can be completely dispensed with or these can be dimensioned much weaker and therefore none or one clearly reduced absorption of the electron beam energy in the band or in the devices follows, which enables an improved use of the electron beam energy in the product.
  • the effects of temperature favor the surface properties of the product (coatability, achievable density and density distribution).
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of Chipboard, fiberboard or OSB. But it is also on other cellulosisclies or the like Material in particle or piece form applicable, in which a mutual Connection is achieved by a binder. Examples are the production of Plywood panels, sheet-like products made of paper or paper chips, textile fibers, Bark or also certain waste fractions such as plastic waste or composite materials Plastic and paper or cardboard.
  • binder urethane acrylate
  • TPEH organic peroxide
  • the samples of Examples 3 to 5 below are round samples with a diameter of approx. 110 mm, they were used in an electron beam accelerator system with a Accelerator voltage of 10 MeV and a current of approx. 1.5 mA corresponding to one average lamp power of 15 kW cured.
  • Comparative test specimens were produced in an analogous manner with urea-formaldehyde binder (UF) (100 parts of chips, 10 parts of solid resin, ammonium sulfate as the hardness component in accordance with sample series J).
  • the mechanical-technological properties were compared: sample Quetz standardized to 450 kg / m 3 [N / mm 2 ] Cross cooker [N / mm 2 ] 2-hour swelling [%] 24-hour swelling [%] Density [kg / m 3 ] Solid resin on atro [%] Formaldehyde [mg / 100g] Residual moisture [%] Crosslinker or binder K1 / 2 0.317 0.101 5.1 8.8 409 11.0 ⁇ 0.5 10.0 TMPTA 0.131 4.6 8.7 429 11.0 ⁇ 0.5 10.0 IMPTA L1 / 2 0.344 0.120 3.6 9.6 448 11.0 ⁇ 0.5 10.0 DPGDA 0.173 3.2 8.8 451 11.0 ⁇ 0.5 1
  • the binder was compared to Examples 3 and 4 in this case in the form of a 25% emulsion (for the purpose of improved distribution) of a melamine acrylate in the cold state upset.
  • the water introduced by the emulsion increased the moisture in the chips in the glued state still considerable.
  • Binders can only be pronounced with such chip moisture low pressing temperature and the associated long pressing time.
  • the transverse tensile strength for R comparable to UF-bound test specimens and lies in the range of the samples from example 4.
  • the low 2-hour swelling is striking for the R series.
  • a container-shaped spreader 1 which with Electron radiation hardenable binder glued cellulosic material 2 (wood chips, Wood fibers). This material 2 is in a uniform distribution on a continuous revolving band 3 poured on which a loose scattering layer 4 forms. This is pre-compressed in a pre-press 5.
  • the pre-press 5 has an upper pre-compression band in a mirror-symmetrical design and arrangement 6 and a lower pre-compression band 7, which via deflection rollers 8, Tension rollers 9 as well as top pressure rollers 10 and bottom pressure rollers 11 circulate.
  • the conveyor belt 3 with the scattering layer 4 runs between the pre-compression belts 6 and 7, which approach each other in the direction of transport, which is indicated by the in Transport direction decreasing distance between the opposite ones Form rollers 10 and 11 is reached. In this way, a diffusion layer 4 is formed thinner precompacted layer 12.
  • the conveyor belt 3 runs over deflection rollers 13 and a rigid table 14 in the area the task of the material 2 and support rollers 15 behind the pre-press 5.
  • a pressing device 16 main press
  • the press nip 19 run through from the upper run of the conveyor belt 3 with the pre-compressed layer 12 is, so that from this the compressed layer 20 is formed, which with the conveyor belt 3rd runs over the support rollers 21, the compressed layer 20 due to springback receives a slightly larger thickness than corresponds to the dimension of the press nip 19.
  • the conveyor belt 3 with the compressed layer 20 then passes through an electron beam device 22, which has an upper electron beam accelerator 23 and a lower electron beam accelerator 24 includes facing each other.
  • an electron beam device 22 which has an upper electron beam accelerator 23 and a lower electron beam accelerator 24 includes facing each other.
  • a hardened layer is formed on the electron beam device 22 from the compressed layer 20 Plate 25 (endless plate), the support rollers 26 of the final production (cross cutting, Surface grinding) is supplied.
  • the device according to Figure 2 largely corresponds to the device described above match. In this respect - as with the following illustrations - the same Reference numerals are used and will not be described again.
  • the difference to Figure 1 is that instead of the pressing device 16 a different trained press device 27 is provided. This press device 27 is after Conti-Roll process performed while working, but can be carried out significantly shorter than it is usually the case with thermal curing processes.
  • the pressing device 27 comprises an upper belt 28 and a lower belt 29, which are connected to deflection rollers 30 circulate.
  • Within the upper band 28 is an endless sequence of upper ones Rolling rods 31 are provided, and in a corresponding manner is within the lower band 29th an endless row of lower roller bars 32 is provided, the roller bars each over Rotate pulleys 33.
  • the upper roller bars 31 is an upper pressure plate 34 with upper ones Assigned printing cylinders 35, while the lower roller rods 32 a lower pressure plate 36 is associated with lower pressure cylinders 37.
  • the pressure plates 34 and 36 are in Transport direction inclined slightly converging, so that a tapering press nip 38 results which is traversed by the conveyor belt 3 with the pre-compressed layer 12.
  • the pre-press 5 is missing in the device according to Figure 3. Accordingly, the scattering layer 4 is fed directly to the pressing device 16 and into the compressed layer 20 converted.
  • the device according to Figure 4 differs from that of Figure 3 only in that a simplified electron beam device 39 is provided, which only one Has electron beam accelerator 23, the compressed layer 20 only from the top irradiated here. Of course it would also be possible to have radiation exclusively from the Bottom to be provided.
  • the device according to Figure 5 is a further development of the device according to Figure 1, one in the region of the electron beam device 22 from the conveyor belt 3 is provided with the compressed layer 20 holding pressure device 40 which has two holding conveyor belts, namely an encircling upper holding conveyor belt 41, which is guided over deflection rollers 42 and, as shown, the pressing device 16 passes through, and a lower holding conveyor belt, which is formed here by the conveyor belt 3.
  • the compressed layer 20 holding pressure device 40 which has two holding conveyor belts, namely an encircling upper holding conveyor belt 41, which is guided over deflection rollers 42 and, as shown, the pressing device 16 passes through, and a lower holding conveyor belt, which is formed here by the conveyor belt 3.
  • the area of the electron beam device 22 a holding pressure lying below the pressing pressure of the pressing device 16 on the compressed Layer 20 applied.
  • a vacuum device 43 for forming one of the compressed layer 20 passed through vacuum zone 44, so that the outside atmospheric pressure acting on the conveyor belts 3 and 41 delivers the holding pressure which a thickness of the compressed layer 20 corresponding to the press nip 19 during the electron irradiation backs up.
  • the conveyor belt 3 and the table 14 are through a short feed conveyor 45 replaced.
  • the press belt 48 is on the back in the area of the press nip 49 supported by pressure rollers 50 which apply the compression pressure.
  • the press belt 48 runs over an upper deflection pressure roller 51 and a lower deflection pressure roller 52, which the Deflection drum 47 are arranged adjacent and according to the arrows can be preloaded, and via further deflection rollers 53.
  • an electron beam device 54 At the end of the press nip 49 is an electron beam device 54 with an electron beam accelerator 55 arranged, the last between the two in the circumferential direction Pressure rollers 50 is placed.
  • an opposing electron accelerator could be arranged within the deflection drum 47 (not shown).
  • the indicated displacement of the deflection pressure rollers 51 and 52 allows a corresponding one Apply tension to the press belt 48.
  • the hardened Plate 25 (endless plate) is then removed via support rollers 26.
  • the device according to Figure 7 is largely the one already based on Figure 2 described device with a comparatively short pressing device 27 ' (Conti-Roll process). Deviatingly, the material is loaded 2 ', the not only radiation-curable binders but also thermally curable binders added is sufficient for a form-stabilizing partial hardening (pre-hardening). Accordingly heat is supplied via the pressure plates 34 and 36 to the pressing device 27 'and Partial curing is already brought about by reaction of only the thermally curable binder. The result is a partially hardened endless plate 56, which is shown in the usual manner is cut to length by means of a diagonal saw 57 into partially hardened individual plates 58, which in one Intermediate stack 59 are deposited without being already radiation-hardened.
  • the radiation curing could also directly behind the pressing device 27 'before or after cutting to length the diagonal saw 57 (not shown).
  • This arrangement is particularly suitable for the process variant of partial thermal hardening of the two cover layers and one Final hardening of the material using electron beam energy.
  • the application of a holding pressure In the area of the electron beam a device shown in Figure 5 can be used 40 done.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
EP98945303A 1997-09-05 1998-09-02 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkörpern aus zerkleinertem material Expired - Lifetime EP1011940B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19738953A DE19738953C1 (de) 1997-09-05 1997-09-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus zerkleinertem Material
DE19738953 1997-09-05
PCT/EP1998/005562 WO1999012711A1 (de) 1997-09-05 1998-09-02 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkörpern aus zerkleinertem material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1011940A1 EP1011940A1 (de) 2000-06-28
EP1011940B1 true EP1011940B1 (de) 2001-11-07

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EP98945303A Expired - Lifetime EP1011940B1 (de) 1997-09-05 1998-09-02 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkörpern aus zerkleinertem material

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US6582648B1 (no)
EP (1) EP1011940B1 (no)
JP (1) JP2001515802A (no)
AT (1) ATE208252T1 (no)
AU (1) AU9265898A (no)
CA (1) CA2303300C (no)
DE (3) DE19738953C1 (no)
ES (1) ES2167937T3 (no)
WO (1) WO1999012711A1 (no)

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US20220371220A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2022-11-24 Imal S.R.L. Process and system for the production of panels made of wooden material

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DE10036193A1 (de) * 2000-07-24 2002-02-14 Agrosys Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gewonnenem Fasermaterial
DE10344926B3 (de) * 2003-09-25 2005-01-20 Dynea Erkner Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffkörpern, Holzwerkstoffkörper sowie nachverformbarer Holzwerkstoffkörper
DK2564931T3 (da) * 2005-03-24 2014-08-25 Xyleco Inc Fremgangsmåder til fremstilling af fibrøse materialer
US7846295B1 (en) 2008-04-30 2010-12-07 Xyleco, Inc. Cellulosic and lignocellulosic structural materials and methods and systems for manufacturing such materials
US20090320697A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Mario Antonio Rago Continuous press and method for manufacturing composite materials with progressive symmetrical pressure
DE102009001145A1 (de) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-09 Leibniz-Institut Für Polymerforschung Dresden E.V. Verfahren zur Aushärtung und Oberflächenfunktionalisierung von Formteilen
CN102555018A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-11 敦化市亚联机械制造有限公司 用于高速生产薄板的双钢带连续平压机
US9481777B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2016-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of dewatering in a continuous high internal phase emulsion foam forming process
CN103341899B (zh) * 2013-06-28 2015-07-15 江苏快乐木业集团有限公司 定向刨花板箱板的加工方法
EP2876207A1 (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 CEPI aisbl DryPulp for cureformed paper
EP3626418A1 (de) * 2018-09-18 2020-03-25 PolymerTrend LLC. Verfahren und vorrichtungen zum herstellen von produkten unter verwendung lignocellulosehaltiger partikel
CN109551576B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2022-01-18 柳州市荣森新型材料科技有限公司 一种耐磨浸渍胶膜纸饰面生态板及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220371220A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2022-11-24 Imal S.R.L. Process and system for the production of panels made of wooden material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1011940A1 (de) 2000-06-28
DE19738953C1 (de) 1999-03-04
ES2167937T3 (es) 2002-05-16
US6582648B1 (en) 2003-06-24
CA2303300A1 (en) 1999-03-18
DE59802091D1 (de) 2001-12-13
WO1999012711A1 (de) 1999-03-18
JP2001515802A (ja) 2001-09-25
DE19881279D2 (de) 2001-01-18
ATE208252T1 (de) 2001-11-15
CA2303300C (en) 2006-05-30
AU9265898A (en) 1999-03-29

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