EP1003630B1 - Electric shaver - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is directed to a dry shaving apparatus with a housing (1) in which an electric drive mechanism (2) is provided having a drive element (3) for the transmission of a driving motion to at least one reciprocatory cutting element (4), and with at least one shaving head (6) oscillating in a horizontal direction and formed by a shaving head frame (7, 55) in which at least two cooperating cutting elements (4, 5) are provided, wherein the electric drive mechanism (2) is mounted for oscillation in the housing (1) and is adapted to be set in oscillation by the inner forces necessarily occurring in operation of the dry shaving apparatus, and wherein the oscillatory motions of the electric drive mechanism (2) are transmitted to the shaving head (6) in order to set said shaving head in oscillation as well.

Description

The invention relates to a dry shaver, which in the preamble of Art.

A dry shaver of the type mentioned is known from US 2,339,677. The one formed from a shaving head frame, as well as an upper knife and lower knife Shaving head, is on an upper housing surface of a housing transverse to Direction of movement of a lower knife driven oscillating in the longitudinal direction and arranged movably forth. To transfer the drive movement to the The lower knife on the one hand, and on the shaving head on the other hand, is on the rotating shaft a double eccentric is provided in an electric motor fixedly arranged in the housing. The can be moved back and forth in different directions by drive elements cause driven masses of shaving head, bedknife and double eccentric Excessively strong vibrations that are both loud and noisy on the case uncomfortable for the user.

A dry shaver of the type mentioned is also from DE-GM 1 711 665 known. In all embodiments according to this known publication the drive element of the electric drive also via gear elements, such as. B. gear, or a double eccentric or a double-armed lever, both with the lower knife as well as with the shaving optic equipped with an upper knife coupled to the lower knife and additionally the complete shaving head in motion to move. Taking into account the electrical drive in here Masses to be displaced, such as gear elements and lower knives and furthermore the complete shaving head, consisting of a shaving head frame, Upper knife and lower knife, the electric motor is required to have a higher output, the constructive in the design of the dry shaver accordingly is taken into account. The oscillation in different directions accelerating and decelerating masses transmitted via the on the housing attached electric drive vibrational moments on the housing of the Dry shaving. This is caused by uncomfortable vibration and loud running noise noticeable.

From DE 3 631 120 A1 it is known, in the case of a dry shaving apparatus, that of one electric drive, namely an electric motor in a reciprocating direction driven masses such as eccentric, swing bridge with coupling element as well Bottom knife, by means of eccentric swing weights in a dynamic balance to offset to suppress the unwanted vibrations. This the Swing weights assigned to the electric drive inevitably require an increase in the power output of the electric drive, which is immediate through an increase in the price of the electric drive and also with one rechargeable storage cells equipped dry shaver by a higher consumption of storage power and consequently a lower number of Shaves per charge of the memory cells.

The invention has for its object a dry shaver at the beginning to improve the type mentioned.

According to the invention, this object is at the beginning of a dry shaver mentioned type solved by the features specified in the main claim.

This measure according to the invention is characterized by a large number of advantages. When the electric drive is started up, the electric drive learns from the masses set in motion by the drive element and also by the friction taking place between the existing cutting elements, an oscillating one Excitation at least in each case against the direction of movement or, if appropriate several cutting elements. This oscillating excitation, which was the usual one As standard, rigid attachment of an electric drive to the razor housing is transferred from the electric drive to the razor housing and consequently there leads to unpleasant vibration and a loud noise, after the Invention, due to the oscillatable mounting of the electric drive, not transferred to the housing, but initially remains with the electric drive and lets it swing around at least one axis. The electric drive follows accordingly without significant effect on the housing of the dry shaver imposed swinging movements. This measure initially causes one Significant reduction in housing vibration and running noise derived from it. These oscillating movements of the electric drive are in accordance with the invention used advantageously to the shaving head of the dry shaver in a To move the oscillating movement. With the swinging movement of the shaving head and thus with the cutting element fixedly arranged in the shaving head there is a relative movement generated between skin and cutting element. As a result, hair tips that are close to the cutting element and only occasionally thread without oscillation, now increasingly penetrate into the cutting openings of the cutting element. Furthermore due to the oscillation of the shaving head, the effective ones are extended Hair entry openings in the cutting element in the direction of oscillation. The threaded hair is taken along by the cutting element designed as a bottom knife, the Cut against the edge of the hair entry opening in the upper knife Cutting element takes place. When the shaving head vibrates in the Movement directions A and B the upper knife moves towards the lower knife and thus shortens the hair displacement path during the cutting process the hair entry opening of penetrated hair, making the hair cut shorter becomes. The cutting performance of the dry shaver becomes essential improved. This is due to the high vibration frequency of the shaving head In addition, a lower sliding friction of the cutting element on the skin is effective.

A major advantage of the invention is that the movable Mass outgoing oscillating excitation not - as is known - on the housing of the Dry shavers - see DE-GM 1 711 665 - but on the vibratable Storage of the electric drive is transferred to the movable shaving head. The energy of the oscillating excitation is thus from a place in the housing at which disruptive effects occur, redirected to a place where this energy in can be used advantageously. So the electric drive due to the lack of coupling of its drive element with the oscillating one The shaving head does not require any drive power for this shaving head.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least the shaving head and the electric drive as a vibrating mass around at least one common one Swing axis are swingably mounted.

For the purpose of calculating the position of the swing axis for the electric drive in the housing it must be taken into account that the oscillating mass can be obtained by including the Vibrating mass of the electric drive and all of the Vibration movements of the electric drive can be set in vibration Components such as B. shaving head, support arms, bearing cage, gimbal, Swing frame, support frame, spring element and swing bridge for one cutting unit and / or by attaching additional vibrating masses.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electric drive is included the vibratable components by one transverse to the Direction of movement of the drivable cutting element extending first Swing axis mounted so that it can vibrate.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the electric drive with the vibratable components by one extending parallel to the directions of movement of the drivable cutting element second oscillation axis is mounted so that it can oscillate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the The shaving head and the electric drive by means of a cardanic suspension in the Housing can oscillate around the first oscillation axis and around the second oscillation axis are stored. The gimbal of the electric drive and the Shaving head in the housing of the dry shaver derivable arrangement of a first oscillation axis crossing at right angles allows the second oscillation axis dynamic forces arising from dynamic processes around the first and the second Keep the swinging axis away from the housing and also for swinging movements of the shaving head both in the directions of movement A and B and in the Use directions of movement C and D.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the vibrating element is above the bearing cage or a housing part can be coupled to the oscillating support frame. In another Embodiment of this embodiment is for coupling the bearing cage or the A driver device is provided in the housing part with the supporting frame.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electric drive is over an oscillating axis is mounted so that it can oscillate.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the The shaving head is mounted so that it can vibrate in the housing by means of at least one oscillating element is.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vibrating element is through Support arms having joints are formed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the vibrating element is a Housing part formed.

According to a simple, inexpensive to produce embodiment of the invention Swinging element through a swinging gimbal, one in Gimbal frame bearing cage swingable, a swing frame and through Support arms formed.

A significant improvement in the cutting performance of the cutting elements, as well as a is significant reduction in vibration of the housing of the dry shaver achievable in that the swing axis through the center of the impact Vibrating mass is provided running. The center of the vibration mass is the Location around which the motor would swing if it was running at rated speed Drive unit - electric drive and driven elements - oscillate freely could. This is where the bearing forces to be applied reach for the vibrating ones Mass, here for the drive unit, its minimum, thereby eliminating the unwanted Housing vibration is reduced to a minimum.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the oscillation axis is in one Distance to the center of the vibration mass is provided. By means of such a Measure can be the extent of the vibration amplitude of the electric drive and thus the coupled with this shaving head on simple Change wise.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaving head is in Directions of movement A and B of the drivable cutting element of the Vibratory movements of the electric drive can be driven. In a further embodiment this embodiment it is provided that the shaving head from the electric drive counter to the reciprocating movements of the cutting element is driven to vibrate. This measure leads to better cutting performance by shortening the hair displacement path in the hair entry openings of the Upper knife.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shaving head is transverse to the directions of movement A and B of the drivable cutting element in the Directions of movement C and the oscillating movements of the electric drive drivable.

An improvement in the cutting performance of the cutting elements arises after Invention in that for the shaving head and the movable cutting element different vibration amplitudes are provided. This measure ensures, for example, optimal training and adaptation to movable Cutting elements compared to fixed cutting elements, including the diverse geometries of hair entry openings in effective as an upper knife cutting elements. A significant advantage according to the invention is also thereby achieved that the vibration amplitudes of the shaving head and / or Cutting element are changeable. A change in each Vibration amplitudes can, for example, by changing the vibration displaceable masses or displacement of the oscillation axis from the center of impact Vibrating mass done away.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Vibration amplitude can be determined by the cutting element and the vibration amplitude the shaving head is tunable to this. This measure ensures optimal Coordination of interacting cutting elements. In test trials one Dry shavers according to the invention have shown that the swing path of the Shaving head in the directions of movement A and B as well as in the directions of movement C and D should be provided in a range from 0.05 mm to 1 mm. After a preferred embodiment of the invention is the swing path of the shaving head in a range of 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm. An optimal size of the Vibration path of the shaving head for a dry shaver type is in the respective In individual cases, including the respective training, interacting To determine cutting elements, in particular the geometry of the hair opening.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the electric drive around the swing axis is mounted so that it can swing by means of a pivot bearing. By means of this The electric drive is largely decoupled from the swivel bearing unavoidable vibration on the housing while ensuring usage this vibration energy to an advantageous swinging movement of the shaving head. By means of these low-friction swivel bearings, the electric drive becomes like this vibrating in the housing of the dry shaver stored that he without essential Reaction on the housing follows the forced vibration.

A technically simple and inexpensive to manufacture embodiment of the Invention is characterized in that the pivot bearing on at least one Carrying element of the housing and on a housing part of the electric drive is provided.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the housing part of the electric drive can be fastened in a bearing cage.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pivot bearing on a bearing cage of the electric drive and on the gimbal and that Swivel bearing provided on the gimbal and a support member of the housing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pivot bearing for the electric drive designed as a cone bearing.

To swing the shaving head in the directions of movement A and B. and / or to ensure C and D is according to a preferred embodiment of the Invention provided at least one arm for the shaving head. In further Embodiment of this embodiment are at least two joints on the support arm intended.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the support arm is as a Spring element formed. An inexpensive embodiment of a spring element is characterized in that the spring element is formed by a leaf spring.

For the purpose of transferring those imposed on the electric drive Swinging motion on the shaving head is according to one embodiment of the invention provided that at least one arm with the electric drive via a joint having vibrating element can be coupled. These joints can, for example be formed by articulated bolts slidably mounted in bores - not shown. According to an inexpensive to produce embodiment of joints, it is provided that at least one joint is designed as a film hinge joint.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Support arm via a joint with at least one support element and via a joint with the shaving head frame of the shaving head in the directions of movement A and B. is coupled to vibrate. This embodiment corresponds to a so-called Four-link system. According to a further embodiment of the invention, that the joint for the arm at the opposite end of the shaving head Housing is provided in the housing. This embodiment uses the available standing length of the housing of the dry shaving apparatus for the length of the support arm, whereby the vertical component that can be derived from the oscillating movement increases in size a minimum is reduced, so that an almost linear oscillating movement in the Directions of movement A and B of the shaving head is achieved.

Another relatively simple embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the support arm on the one hand with at least one support element and on the other hand with a supporting frame carrying the shaving head is coupled in an oscillatable manner. At this Embodiment is the support frame with the electric drive directly can be coupled, namely via a housing part of the electric drive or via a this surrounding bearing cage. In a further embodiment of this embodiment provided that the electric drive via a housing part and a Driver device can be coupled to the support frame. A simple inexpensive Embodiment of motion transmission from the electric drive or one Housing part of the electric drive on the support frame is characterized by that the driver device from a slot and one in this slot engaging pin is formed.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention Driver device formed from a ball joint. The ball joint in one Distance to the first and second swing axis in the support frame and bearing cage is provided, ensures the transmission of the electric drive in the Rotations arise on the support frame and consequently on the Shaving head.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Drive element of the electric drive via a swing bridge with a Cutting element of the shaving head can be coupled. According to a further embodiment the invention provides that the drive element of the electric drive via at least one eccentric can be coupled to a cutting element of the shaving head. Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the Drive element of the electric drive via a double eccentric Eccentric can be coupled with differently designed cutting elements. Under differently designed cutting elements are the cutting elements of one Short hair cutting systems - see FIG. 1 - as well as the cutting elements of one To understand long hair trimmer. The long hair cutter can in known manner on or in the housing of the dry shaver or in a Shaving head are provided (not shown).

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the eccentric one Double eccentric over a swing bridge with a cutting element one Long hair cutting device can be coupled. According to a preferred embodiment of the Invention is provided that the electric drive as a DC motor with a rotatably provided drive element is formed. An alternative Embodiment for this is characterized in that the electric drive as Vibrating armature motor is designed with an oscillatable drive element.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the electrical Drive and the shaving head held in a central position by means of a spring element is. In a further embodiment of this embodiment it is provided that the Spring elements on the one hand on the electric drive and on the other hand on the housing support.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch den oberen Teil eines Gehäuses eines Trockenrasierapparates mit einem darin schwingfähig gelagerten elektrischen Antrieb, sowie einem über Tragarme in Schwingung versetzbaren Scherkopf,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht des Scherkopfes nach Fig. 1 mit einem Längsschnitt durch das Gehäuse,

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch das Gehäuse eines Trockenrasierapparates und einen Teilschnitt durch den in Schwingung versetzbaren Scherkopf mit einem Schwingungsantrieb des Scherkopfes durch ein Gehäuseteil des elektrischen Antriebes,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht des Trockenrasierapparates nach Fig. 3 mit einem zwei Scherköpfe aufweisenden Scherkopf, mit einem Längsschnitt durch das Gehäuse, sowie mit einem im Gehäuse sowie am Scherkopf schwenkbar gelagerten Tragarm,

Fig. 5

den oberen Teil eines Gehäuses im Schnitt, einem im Gehäuse schwingfähig gelagerten elektrischen Antrieb, der mit dem schwingfähig gelagerten Scherkopf, in dem zwei Schwingbrücken vorgesehen sind, gekoppelt ist,

Fig. 6

den oberen Teil des Gehäuses eines Trockenrasierapparates im Schnitt mit einem im Gehäuse schwingfähig gelagerten elektrischen Antrieb, einem Doppelexzenter zum Betreiben zweier Schwingbrücken sowie einem in den Bewegungsrichtungen A und B schwingfähig gelagerten Scherkopf, der zusätzlich um die Schwenkachse Z schwenkbar gelagert ist.

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt durch einen Teil des Gehäuses und des Scherkopfes eines Trockenrasierapparates mit einer kardanischen Aufhängung des elektrischen Antriebes,

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt durch das Gehäuse eines Trockenrasierapparates und durch die Bauelemente der kardanischen Aufhängung des elektrischen Antriebes,

Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht eines Scherkopfes sowie einen Schnitt durch einen Teil des Gehäuses.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the associated drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a longitudinal section through the upper part of a housing of a dry shaving apparatus with an electric drive which is mounted so that it can vibrate, and a shaving head which can be made to vibrate via support arms,

Fig. 2

2 shows a side view of the shaving head according to FIG. 1 with a longitudinal section through the housing,

Fig. 3

2 shows a longitudinal section through the housing of a dry shaving apparatus and a partial section through the shaving head which can be set in vibration with an oscillating drive of the shaving head through a housing part of the electric drive,

Fig. 4

3 with a shaving head having two shaving heads, with a longitudinal section through the housing, and with a support arm pivotably mounted in the housing and on the shaving head,

Fig. 5

the upper part of a housing in section, an electrical drive which is mounted so as to be capable of oscillation and which is coupled to the shaving head which is mounted to oscillate and in which two oscillating bridges are provided,

Fig. 6

the upper part of the housing of a dry shaver on average with an oscillating electric drive in the housing, a double eccentric for operating two swing bridges and a shaving head mounted in oscillating directions A and B, which is additionally pivoted about the pivot axis Z.

Fig. 7

2 shows a section through part of the housing and the shaving head of a dry shaving apparatus with a cardanic suspension of the electric drive,

Fig. 8

a section through the housing of a dry shaver and through the components of the gimbal suspension of the electric drive,

Fig. 9

a side view of a shaving head and a section through part of the housing.

Fig. 1 shows a dry shaver with a housing 1 in which an electrical Drive 2 with a drive element 3 for transmitting a drive movement at least one that can be moved back and forth in the directions of movement A and B. Cutting element 4 is provided, and with a movably mounted shaving head 6, the by a shaving head frame 7, in which two interacting cutting elements 4 and 5 are provided. In the housing 1 are two support elements 16 and 17 provided - see Fig. 2 - on which the electric drive 2 by means of pivot bearings 12 and 13 about a first oscillation axis 8 transverse to the directions of movement A and B. of the cutting element 4 is mounted so that it can vibrate. The pivot bearings 12 and 13 are as Cone bearing trained.

In addition to the cutting elements 4 and 5 are provided in the shaving head 6 Shaving head frame 7 still other components, such as. B. a swing bridge 25 with a coupling element 30 is provided for coupling to the cutting element 4, the required pressure of the cutting element 4 on the cutting element 5 by at least one between the swing bridge 25 and the cutting element 4 arranged spring element 32 is guaranteed. To transfer the Drive movement from the drive element 3 to the swing bridge 25 is used Eccentric 27 which is fastened on the one hand to the drive element 3 and on the other hand by means of a pin into a dovetail-like arrangement provided on the swing bridge 25 trained slot 26 engages.

On the support elements 16 and 17 are two support arms 14 and 15 by means of joints 21 and 22 pivotally mounted. The ends opposite the joints 21 and 22 the support arms 14 and 15 are by means of joints 23 and 24 with the End walls 33 and 34 of the shaving head frame 7 coupled, such that a oscillating movement of the shaving head 6 in the directions of movement A and B of the cutting element 4 is guaranteed. The electric drive 2 Removable swinging movement is by means of a swinging element 11, on the one hand via a joint 21 with the support arm 15 and on the other hand via a joint 28 with a Housing part 20 of the electric drive 2 is coupled to the shaving head 6 transfer. At the opposite end of the electric shaving head 6 Drive 2 are two supported on the housing 1 and on the electric drive 2 acting spring elements 9 and 10 are provided, by means of which the electrical Drive 2 is held in a middle position when switched off.

The first oscillation axis 8 according to FIGS. 1 to 9 and the second oscillation axis 18 7 to 9 runs through the center of the joint of all, at Commissioning of the electric drive 2 vibratable Vibrating masses taking into account their moments of inertia. This Vibrating masses and their moments of inertia are too dry shavers Dry shaver of different sizes, so that the location of the center of impact and thus the position of the oscillation axis 8 and also the second oscillation axis 18 for the each type of dry shaver using those familiar to the person skilled in the art physical calculation methods is to be determined. Starting from one calculable, optimal location of the center of impact or location of the first Vibration axis 8 and also the second vibration axis 18 in the housing 1 Dry shavers are also different positions of the first and / or second swing axis 8, 18 feasible. The limits of permissible deviations from optimal impact center can - due to numerous influencing factors, such as. B. Size of the respective mass and its moment of inertia, unbalance of Vibrating masses, friction of interacting cutting elements - for each Embodiment can only be determined and determined by practical tests then manufacture this type of shaver in series.

Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the housing 1 of the dry shaver after Fig. 1 such that the joints 21 and 23 provided on the support arm 15 are visible are shown. The joints 21 and 23 have parallel to the respective Axial directions of the provided swivel bearings on bearing bolts and bearing bores, which in the support elements 16 and 17 and on the end walls 33, 34 of Shaving head 6 are provided. On the support elements 16 and 17 is one in Vertical wall for pivoting coupling of the electrical Drive 2 by means of swivel bearings 12 and 13 designed as conical bearings intended.

When starting up the dry shaver by switching on the electrical Drive 2 is the rotational movement of the drive element 3 of the electric motor via the eccentric 27 and the slot 26 provided in the swing bridge 25 into a Oscillatory movement of the swing bridge 25 implemented, then this in the Movement directions A and B reciprocating movement of the swing bridge 25 via the coupling element 30 to the cutting element 4 acting as the lower knife is transmitted. The cutting element 4 slides on the shear foil Cutting element 5 along to through the holes and / or slots of the shaving foil cut through penetrating hair. At the same time, the electric drive 2 experiences a vibrating excitation against the direction of movement of the Cutting element 5 along sliding cutting elements 4. Because of the pivotable Bearing of the electric drive 2, the electric drive follows the forced one Oscillation around the oscillation axis 8, whereby - among other things due to the size and inertia of the total vibratable masses - the extent of the vibration amplitude is less than the extent of the respective vibration amplitude of the and forth cutting element 4. The vibration amplitude of the electrical Drive 2 is on the vibrating element 11 on the support arm 15 and from this transfer the shaving head 6 and thus offset the shaving head 6 with everyone in it provided components in a back and forth in the directions of movement A and B. swinging motion. The shaving head 6 moves accordingly counter to the simultaneously moving cutting element 4. The stroke of the vibrating shaving head 6 is much less than the stroke of the Cutting elements 4.

Fig. 3 shows a section through the housing 1 of a dry shaver with a on support elements 16, 17 by means of pivot bearings 12, 13 - see FIG. 4 - by a first one Oscillating axis 8 of the electric drive 2, which is mounted so that it can vibrate, and its drive element 3 via an eccentric 27 with a swing bridge 25 provided in the shaving head 6 Transfer of a reciprocating drive movement to a bottom knife acting cutting element 4 is coupled.

The shaving head 6 which can be moved back and forth in the directions of movement A and B is Part of a four-bar system, which is designed as support arms 14, 15 Articulated lever on the end of the housing 1 opposite the shaving head 6 by means of Joints 21, 22 can be pivoted on support elements 46, 47 provided in the housing 1 is stored. The support arms 14, 15 are pivotally mounted in the joints 21, 22 through openings 48, 49, which are provided in the support elements 16, 17, passed and by means of joints 23, 24 with the end walls 33, 34 of Shaving head 6 pivotally coupled. The electric drive 2 has two housing parts 20, 37 on. On the housing part 20, a pin 43 is provided which in a Shaving head frame 7 slidably engages slot 42 to the Swinging motion of the electric drive 2 via this driver device 41 to transfer to the shaving head 6. Due to the very large overall length of the Support arms 14 and 15, the length of the articulated connection to the shaving head frame 7 of the shaving head 6 on the one hand, and that provided on the bottom of the housing 1 Support elements 46, 47 is determined on the other hand, the vertical portion of the order Joints 21, 22 radially exerted vibration amplitude relatively low, so that one of an almost linear movement of the shaving head 6 in the directions of movement A and B can go out.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the dry shaving apparatus according to FIG. 3 with a Longitudinal section through the housing 1, such that the provided on the bracket 15 Joints 21, 23 are shown visibly. The joints 21, 23 are parallel to the respective axis directions of the intended pivot bearing bolts and Bearing holes on - not shown - that on a bottom wall of the housing 1st molded and provided on the end walls 33, 34 of the shaving head 6 are. On the support elements 16, 17 there is one each in the vertical direction to the shaving head 6 extending support wall for pivotally coupling the about a swing axis 8th vibratable electric drive 2 by means of the cone bearing Swivel bearings 12, 13 are provided.

The shaving head 6 carried by the support arms 14, 15 - see FIG. 3 - is for example formed as a double shaving head, the cutting elements provided as the upper knife 5 are symbolically represented by an interrupted line arrangement L. The constructive Execution of the shaving head 6 is not based on the arrangement of one or two Cutting elements 4, 5 limited within its shaving head frame 7. It can quite a few cutting systems in the shaving head frame 7 of the shaving head 6 are provided and these cutting elements in adaptation to a specific Cutting function can be designed differently. For example, two as Short hair cutting system and one acting between them as a long hair cutting system Cutting system can be provided in the swingably mounted shaving head 6.

Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the housing 1 with an opening 52 in the Shaving head frame 7 opposite housing wall of the housing 1. The electrical Drive 2 is attached to the shaving head frame 7 and by means of at least one Housing part 20 which away from the shaving head frame 7 in the direction of in the housing 1st provided support elements 16, 17 - see Fig. 4 - is aligned to the Support elements 16, 17 are mounted so as to be oscillatable about the oscillation axis 8. through on the one hand on the housing part 37 of the electric drive 2 and on the other hand Inner wall parts of the housing 1 adjacent spring elements 9, 10 is located electric drive 2 in the off state in a central position.

In the when the electric drive 2 is put into operation via the housing part 20 reciprocating oscillating shaving head frame 7 of the shaving head 6, is a shaving head frame 55 pivotably mounted about a pivot axis Z provided, in which at least one formed from cutting elements 4, 5 Cutting system and a swing bridge 25 for transferring one from one Drive element 3 outgoing drive movement on the movable cutting element 4 is arranged. In addition, one facing away from the cutting element 5 Area of the shaving head frame 7 another swing bridge 50 with interrupted Lines shown by means of another cutting system, for example for Trimming contours is provided. The swing bridges 25 and 50 are driven by the eccentric 27 designed as a double eccentric 44, which on the rotatable drive element 3 of the electric drive 2 is attached.

6 shows the housing 1 of a dry shaving apparatus with supporting elements 16, 17 which the fixed in a bearing cage 35 electric drive 2 means Pivot bearing is mounted so as to be oscillatable about a first oscillation axis 8. The 6 shows the electric drive 2 in operation accessible swing position in which the reciprocating shaving head 6 in Direction of movement B has reached a reverse position in the direction of movement A.

The shaving head 6 is via a support frame 40 and via joints 21, 22, 23, 24 having support arms 14, 15 on the support elements 16, 17 in the Movement directions A and B are mounted so that they can vibrate. The support frame 40 is U-shaped formed and via a driver device 41 with a housing part 20 of the Bearing cage 35 for transmitting the swinging motion of the electric drive 2 the first swing axis 8 coupled. The driver device 41 consists of a pin 43 engaging a slot 42, the slot 42 in the bottom portion of the U-shaped Support frame 40 molded and the pin 43 on the housing part 20 of the Bearing cage 35 is provided. The electric drive 2 consists of a Electric motor with a drive element 3 designed as a rotating shaft on which an eccentric 27 designed as a double eccentric 44 is attached to the Drive movement from the drive element 3 to one in the shaving head frame 7 of the To provide shaving head 6 provided swing bridge 25. At the swing bridge 25 is provided a dovetail-shaped slot into which the pin of the engages as a double eccentric 44 eccentric 27. The Dovetail-like design of the slot ensures wear-free Transmission of the drive movement from the drive element 3 to the swing bridge 25 due to the adjustment of the angle of the dovetail formation to the Vibration positions of the electric drive 2 in operation.

The U-shaped support frame 40 ensures an optimal swinging movement of the Shaving head 6 in the directions of movement A and B and beyond cone-like trained joints a pivoting movement of the shaving head frame 7 with one or several cutting systems formed from cutting elements 4, 5 around the Swivel axis Z.

On the bearing cage 35 of the electric drive 2 is a swing bridge 50, the is represented by broken lines. This swing bridge 50 can Operate a long hair cutting system that is used on an outside of the Housing 1 or an operating switch - not shown - are provided can. The swing bridge 50 can, like the swing bridge 25, in the shaving head 6 for attaching a vibrating mass - not shown - for the purpose of a change of the respective vibrating masses and thus a change in amplitude.

7, 8 and 9 is another embodiment of a dry shaver with one in the directions of movement A and B and in others Movement directions C and D reciprocating shaving head 6 shown.

Fig. 7 shows a section through part of the dry shaver TR Visualization of components of a swinging movement in the Direction of movement A and B as well as C and D ensure the oscillating system. The The shaving head 6 is attached to an oscillating support frame 40. The Support frame 40 is with a swing frame 80 over parallel to each other Support arms 14 and 15 coupled, the support arms 14 and 15 with the inclusion of Retaining plates 65 attached to both the support frame 40 and the swing frame 80 are. The support arms 14 and 15 are formed, for example, as a leaf spring Vibrations of the support frame 40 and the shaving head 6 in the To ensure directions of movement A and B. Are on the swing frame 80 65 holding arms 70 and 71 opposite and parallel to one another by means of holding plates attached to the bottom. The support arms 70 and 71 are at their opposite ends - See Fig. 9 - fixed in the housing 1 of the dry shaver TR. The support arms 70 and 71 are designed, for example, as a leaf spring. On the inside of the case support elements 16 and 17 are provided, the pivot bearings 63 and 64 with a Gimbal frame 60 are coupled. The gimbal 60 is via pivot bearings 12, 13 - see Fig. 8 - coupled to the bearing cage 35 swingably, one being annular formed spring element 61 by means of a spring preload over the bearing cage 35 the pivot bearings 12 and 13 couples with the gimbal 60 without play. The Motor shaft 3 of the electric drive 2 is via an eccentric 27 and Oscillating bridge 25 coupled to the lower knife 4 of the shaving head 6 in terms of drive, as is the case, for example, with the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 6 is shown and described.

Fig. 8 shows a section through the housing 1 of the dry shaver TR and through the support elements 16 and 17, the pivot bearings 12 and 13, the pivot bearings 63 and 64, as well as by the swing frame 80, the gimbal 60, the bearing cage 35, the spring element 61 and by the electric drive 2. The electric drive 2 is in the housing 1 around two intersecting first and second oscillation axes 8 at right angles and 18 swingably mounted, so that there is a gimbal. The Electric drive 2 is firmly connected to the bearing cage 35. A first one Swing axis 8 is formed by two pivot bearings 12, 13 arranged opposite one another for example with conical pins on the gimbal 60 and conical Bores formed in the bearing cage 35. This storage can be done axially acting spring preload of a spring element 61, e.g. through a radially acting Ring spring are designed to be permanently low backlash.

A second oscillation axis 18 - provided orthogonal to the first oscillation axis 8 - is formed by two opposite pivot bearings 63, 64, wherein the conical bearing journals, for example on the support elements 16 and 17 of the Housing 1 are provided in conical bearing bores in the gimbal 60 plunge. In the illustrated embodiment, the first swing axis 8 and the second oscillation axis 18 crossing the first oscillation axis 8 at right angles in one Level. Deviating from this, the first oscillation axis 8 and the second Swing axis 18 can also be provided in different planes.

The shaving head 6 of the dry shaver TR can oscillate with the housing 1 coupled, in such a way that the shaving head 6 in one plane relative to the housing 1 in the directions of movement A and B and in the directions of movement C and D can move without the distance measured perpendicular to this plane between housing 1 and shaving head 6 changes noticeably.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, this linear guide the shaving head 6 by a cross arrangement of two, four-link chains reached.

A first four-link chain - see Fig. 9 - is parallel to each other arranged and acting parallel support arms 70, 71, for example made of spring steel exist, and the swing frame 80 formed. The support arms 70 and 71 are with one end firmly connected to the housing 1, e.g. by ultrasonic welding and with the other end, attached to the swing frame 80 by means of associated holding plates 65 for example welded. With this embodiment, the swing frame 80 swing back and forth relative to the housing 1 in the directions of movement C and D.

The second four-link chain is arranged parallel and parallel to each other acting support arms designed as swing arms 14 and 15, for example Spring steel exist, as well as by the support frame 40 acting as a coupling rod educated. The support arms 14 and 15 are each end welded to the Swing frame 80 and the support frame 40 attached by means of retaining plate 65. This second four-link chain allows a reciprocating swinging movement of the Shaving head 6 in the directions of movement A and B.

The electric drive 2 is kinematically coupled to the shaving head 6 About the driver device 41 designed as a ball joint Support frame 40 a ball and a ball socket provided on the bearing cage 35. By this ball joint, which is a distance from the first oscillation axis 8 and has second oscillation axis 18, those in the electric drive 2 around the first Swing axis 8 and second oscillation axis 18 resulting rotations on the Support frame 40 and thus transferred to the shaving head 6 as translations, whereby this support frame 40 with the shaving head 6 swinging movements in the Directions of movement A and B as well as C and D can perform.

Claims (51)

1. A dry shaving apparatus with a housing (1) in which an electric drive mechanism (2) is provided having a drive element (3) for the transmission of a driving motion to at least one reciprocating cutting element (4), and with at least one shaving head (6) oscillating in a horizontal direction to produce a movement and formed by a shaving head frame (7, 55) in which at least two cooperating cutting elements (4, 5) are provided, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) is mounted for oscillation in the housing (1) and adapted to be set in oscillation by the inner forces necessarily occurring in operation of the dry shaving apparatus, and that the oscillatory motions of the electric drive mechanism (2) are transmitted to the shaving head (6) in order to set said shaving head in oscillation as well.
2. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that at least the shaving head (6) and the electric drive mechanism (2) are mounted for oscillation as an oscillating mass about at least one common first and/or second axis of oscillation (8, 18).
3. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating mass is formed by incorporating the oscillating mass of the electric drive mechanism (2) as well as all components adapted to be set in oscillation by the oscillatory motions of the electric drive mechanism (2), such components including, for example, shaving head (6), support arm (14, 15, 70, 71), bearing cage (35), universal joint frame (60), oscillatory frame (80), supporting frame (40), spring element (61) and oscillatory bridge structure (50).
4. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) with the components adapted to be set in oscillation is mounted for oscillation about a first axis of oscillation (8) which extends in a direction transverse to the directions of movement (A and B) of the drivable cutting element (4).
5. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) with the components adapted to be set in oscillation is mounted for oscillation about a second axis of oscillation (18) which extends parallel to the directions of movement (A and B) of the drivable cutting element (4).
6. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaving head (6) and the electric drive mechanism (2) are mounted for oscillation in the housing (1) about the first (8) and the second (18) axis of oscillation by means of a cardanic suspension.
7. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaving head (6) is mounted for oscillation in the housing (1) by means of at least one oscillating element.
8. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the oscillating element is formed by support arms (14, 15, 70, 71) having joints (21, 22, 23, 24).
9. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the oscillating element is formed by a housing portion (20).
10. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating element is formed by a universal joint frame (60) mounted for oscillation, a bearing cage (35) mounted for oscillation in said universal joint frame (60), an oscillatory frame (80), and support arms (14, 15, 70, 71).
11. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillating element is adapted to be linked to the oscillatory supporting frame (40) through the bearing cage (35) or a housing portion (20).
12. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that an engaging device (41 is provided for linking the bearing cage (35) or the housing portion (20) to the supporting frame (40).
13. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and/or second axis of oscillation (8, 18) is/are arranged to extend through the center of impact of the oscillating mass.
14. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and/or the second axis of oscillation (8, 18) is/are arranged to extend at a distance to the center of impact of the oscillating mass.
15. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaving head (6) is drivable by the oscillatory motions of the electric drive mechanism (2) in the directions of movement (A and B) of the drivable cutting element (4).
16. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the shaving head (6) is driven by the electric drive mechanism (2) so as to oscillate in opposition to the reciprocating movements of the cutting element (4).
17. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaving head (6) is drivable in the directions of movement (C and D) by the oscillatory motions of the electric drive mechanism (2), transversely to the directions of movement (A and B) of the drivable cutting element (4).
18. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different oscillation amplitudes are provided for the shaving head (6) and the movable cutting element (4).
19. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that the oscillation amplitudes of the shaving head (6) and/or the cutting element (4) are variable.
20. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that the oscillation amplitude of the shaving head (6) is variable by varying the oscillating mass of the shaving head (6) and/or the electric drive mechanism (2).
21. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the oscillating mass of the shaving head (6) and/or the electric drive mechanism (2) is variable by the attachment of a balance weight.
22. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillation amplitude is determinable by the cutting element (4), and the oscillation amplitude of the shaving head (6) is adjustable thereto.
23. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reciprocating travel of the shaving head (6) in the directions of movement (A and B) and in the directions of movement (C and D) is provided in a range from 0.05 mm to 1 mm.
24. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 23, characterized in that the reciprocating travel of the shaving head (6) is provided in a range from 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm.
25. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) is mounted for oscillation about the first and/or second axis of oscillation (18) by means of pivot bearings (12, 13, 63, 64).
26. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that the pivot bearing (12, 13) is provided on at least one support element (16, 17) of the housing (1) and on a housing portion (37) of the electric drive mechanism (2).
27. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 25, characterized in that the pivot bearing (12, 13) is provided on a bearing cage (35) of the electric drive mechanism (2) and on the universal joint frame (60), and the pivot bearing (64, 64) is provided on the universal joint frame (60) and on a support element (16, 17) of the housing (1).
28. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing portion (37) of the electric drive mechanism (2) is securable in a bearing cage (35).
29. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivot bearing (12, 13, 63, 64) is configured as a conical bearing.
30. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one support arm (14, 15, 70, 71) is provided for the shaving head (6).
31. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 30, characterized in that at least two joints (21, 23; 22, 24) are provided on the support arm (14, 15, 70, 71).
32. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 30, characterized in that the support arm (14, 15, 70, 71) is configured as a spring element.
33. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 32, characterized in that the spring element is formed by a leaf spring.
34. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 30 to 33, characterized in that at least one support arm (15) is adapted to be linked to the electric drive mechanism (2) through an oscillating element (11) having joints (28, 29).
35. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 30 or claim 31, characterized in that at least one joint (21, 23; 22, 24; 28, 29) is configured as a film hinge.
36. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 30 to 35, characterized in that the support arm (14 and 15) is linked through a joint (21, 22) to at least one support element (16, 17), and through a joint (23, 24) to the shaving head frame (7) of the shaving head (6), such as to be capable of oscillating in the directions of movement (A and B).
37. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claims 30 to 36, characterized in that the joint (21 and 22) for the support arm (14 and 15) is provided in the housing (1) at the end of the housing (1) opposite the shaving head (6).
38. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 30 to 37, characterized in that the support arm (14 and 15) is linked for oscillation to at least one support element (16 and 17) at the one end and to a supporting frame (40) carrying the shaving head (6) at the other end.
39. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting frame (40) is adapted to be linked to the electric drive mechanism (2).
40. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) is adapted to be linked to the supporting frame (40) through a housing portion (20, 37), the bearing cage (35) and an engaging device (41).
41. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 40, characterized in that the engaging device (41) is formed of a slot (42) and a pin (43) engageable in said slot.
42. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 40, characterized in that the engaging device (41) is formed of a ball-and-socket joint.
43. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillatory frame (80) is mounted for oscillation by means of a support arm (70, 71) on the housing (1) and is adapted to be linked to the supporting frame (40) by means of support arms (14, 15).
44. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element (3) of the electric drive mechanism (2) is adapted to be linked to a cutting element (4) through an oscillatory bridge structure (25).
45. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element (3) of the electric drive mechanism (2) is adapted to be linked to a cutting element (4) through at least one eccentric device (27).
46. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 44 or 45, characterized in that the drive element (3) of the electric drive mechanism (2) is adapted to be linked to cutting elements (4, 5) of different configurations through an eccentric device configured as a double eccentric device (44).
47. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 45 or 46, characterized in that the eccentric member of a double eccentric device (44) is adapted to be linked to a cutting element of a long-hair trimmer through an oscillatory bridge structure (50).
48. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) is configured as a direct-current motor having a drive element (3) provided for rotation.
49. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) is configured as a rocking armature motor having an oscillatory drive element (3).
50. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric drive mechanism (2) and the shaving head (6) are held in a mid-position by means of a spring element (9, 10).
51. The dry shaving apparatus as claimed in claim 50, characterized in that the spring elements (9, 10) bear with one end against the electric drive mechanism (2) and with their other end against the housing (1).

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