EP0992753A2 - Operating process for a shaft furnace and shaft furnace - Google Patents
Operating process for a shaft furnace and shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0992753A2 EP0992753A2 EP99115252A EP99115252A EP0992753A2 EP 0992753 A2 EP0992753 A2 EP 0992753A2 EP 99115252 A EP99115252 A EP 99115252A EP 99115252 A EP99115252 A EP 99115252A EP 0992753 A2 EP0992753 A2 EP 0992753A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- furnace
- shaft
- lances
- containing gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/26—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
- F27D2003/164—Oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/165—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being a fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a shaft furnace, in particular a cupola furnace for the production of metals, in particular cast iron, and Metal alloys in which the furnace shaft with a corresponding insert is filled or filled continuously or periodically and the bottom Cast iron melt is removed, the furnace shaft, especially in its lower range, oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture over several arranged substantially uniformly over the circumference of the furnace Number n of nozzles and / or lances is supplied.
- the invention further relates to a shaft furnace, in particular a cupola furnace Production of metals, especially cast iron, and metal alloys with an oven shaft that is filled with an appropriate insert or continuously or periodically filled and the cast iron melt removed from the bottom is, as well as with a feed device through which the furnace shaft, in particular in its lower area, with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture is supplied, the feed device consisting of a number n, essentially There are feed devices arranged evenly over the circumference of the furnace.
- DE-A 196 22 695 describes a method for operating a shaft furnace known in which the supply of an oxygen-containing gas mixture or the Feeding the wind into the furnace shaft by means of at least one injector nozzle he follows. Oxygen or mixed oxygen is used as the conveying medium other gases used. Using this procedure, the pressure at which the medium is available and through the injector nozzle into the furnace is used to suck air from the environment.
- This Procedure has compared to the previously known methods - namely the exclusive supply of wind via so-called wind nozzles - the advantage that the desired high temperatures in the area of the furnace interior and therefore not in the Area of the furnace walls.
- venturi nozzles are preferably arranged centrally in the wind vents to insert into the furnace.
- the efficiency of a shaft or cupola furnace and the utilization of the Introduced oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture is the higher, the further the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture in the middle of the furnace penetrates and the higher the melting temperature inside the furnace.
- the zone highest temperature should be as far as possible from the furnace wall, as little thermal as possible around the nozzles and the furnace wall surrounding them to charge. If the Venturi or Laval nozzles are used, the Gas flow and pressure selected so that the gas (mixture) to be introduced as possible reaches far into the furnace means, this leads to a continuous gas flow a comparatively high gas consumption and too high an increase in Melting temperature.
- German utility model 297 11 593 is a furnace system for thermal treatment of a raw material known.
- the procedure described above is the one to be introduced into the furnace system Oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture via a Gas inlet device in the form of a relative to the ambient pressure higher pressure gas pulses in the treatment room of the furnace initiated.
- a buffer tank is mandatory to implement this procedure required for the gas (mixture) supplied to the furnace system.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for Operate a shaft furnace to indicate the disadvantages of the known Process avoids and a more economical compared to the prior art and allows more flexible procedure. Furthermore, the invention has the object based on specifying a generic shaft furnace for such Method is suitable.
- the method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace is thereby characterized in that a maximum of n - 1 nozzles and / or lances simultaneously with the Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture can be applied.
- the opening and closing times of the each preferably overlap Valves switched on and off one after the other.
- buffer tanks such as those in the utility model mentioned described furnace system is required to be dispensed with.
- the amount of gas (mixture) to be supplied is only one nozzle and / or lance supplied, the gas (mixture) amount by the factor of the number of nozzles and / or lances can be reproduced.
- the impulse of the entered Gas (mixed) flow towards the center of the furnace is therefore by the same factor greater.
- the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture is also supplied the required high flow rates pulsed - for example with a pulse duration of 1 to 10 s - so the total per hour or per ton of melting capacity the amount of gas used can be regulated via the adjustable pulse frequency.
- the optimal ones Parameters for the design of these nozzles are retained.
- the shaft furnace according to the invention for the production of metals, in particular of Cast iron and metal alloys is characterized in that its Feeders as oxygen lances, each with at least two Nozzle attachments are formed.
- An advantageous embodiment of the shaft furnace according to the invention is distinguished characterized in that the oxygen lances are rotatably and / or displaceably arranged.
- While conventional oxygen lances can only have one nozzle by providing at least two nozzle attachments per oxygen lance Larger or wider area of the furnace with the gas to be introduced (mixture) be charged. Are the oxygen lances also rotatable and / or movable arranged, so their flexibility is further increased.
- the feeding devices arranged around the circumference of the furnace are preferably via separate gas supply lines with a gas source connected or connectable.
- a gas source connected or connectable.
- gas source z. B. a Understand storage containers.
- the process is carried out with the shut-off valves closed Nozzles and / or lances with an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 of the pulse gas amount of the Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture.
- Such Basic loading of the nozzles and / or lances is for the purpose of protecting the Nozzles and / or lances make sense.
- the method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace enables one compared to the known prior art more economical and flexible Method.
- the amount of oxygen or oxygen-containing Gas mixture which is necessary for maintaining the melting temperature be reduced.
- the thermal load on the wind vents as well as on them surrounding furnace wall decreased.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens, insbesondere eines Kupolofens, zur Erzeugung von Metallen, insbesondere von Gußeisen, und Metalllegierungen, bei dem der Ofenschacht mit einem entsprechenden Einsatz befüllt ist bzw. andauernd oder periodisch befüllt und bodenseitig die Gußeisenschmelze entnommen wird, wobei dem Ofenschacht, insbesondere in seinem unteren Bereich, Sauerstoff oder ein Sauerstoff-haltiges Gasgemisch über mehrere im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Ofens angeordnete Anzahl n von Düsen und/oder Lanzen zugeführt wird.The invention relates to a method for operating a shaft furnace, in particular a cupola furnace for the production of metals, in particular cast iron, and Metal alloys in which the furnace shaft with a corresponding insert is filled or filled continuously or periodically and the bottom Cast iron melt is removed, the furnace shaft, especially in its lower range, oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture over several arranged substantially uniformly over the circumference of the furnace Number n of nozzles and / or lances is supplied.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung einen Schachtofen, insbesondere einen Kupolofen, zur Erzeugung von Metallen, insbesondere von Gußeisen, und Metalllegierungen, mit einem Ofenschacht, der mit einem entsprechenden Einsatz befüllt ist bzw. andauernd oder periodisch befüllt und aus dem bodenseitig die Gußeisenschmelze entnommen wird, sowie mit einer Zuführeinrichtung, über die der Ofenschacht, insbesondere in seinem unteren Bereich, mit Sauerstoff oder einem Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisch versorgt wird, wobei die Zuführeinrichtung aus einer Anzahl n, im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Ofens angeordneten Zuführvorrichtungen besteht.The invention further relates to a shaft furnace, in particular a cupola furnace Production of metals, especially cast iron, and metal alloys with an oven shaft that is filled with an appropriate insert or continuously or periodically filled and the cast iron melt removed from the bottom is, as well as with a feed device through which the furnace shaft, in particular in its lower area, with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture is supplied, the feed device consisting of a number n, essentially There are feed devices arranged evenly over the circumference of the furnace.
Aus der DE-A 196 22 695 ist ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens bekannt, bei dem die Zuführung eines Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisches bzw. die Zuführung des Windes in den Ofenschacht mittels wenigstens einer Injektordüse erfolgt. Als Fördermedium wird hierbei Sauerstoff oder Sauerstoff im Gemisch mit anderen Gasen verwendet. Mittels dieser Verfahrensweise wird der Druck, mit dem das Fördermedium zur Verfügung steht und über die Injektordüse in den Ofen eingeführt wird, zur Ansaugung von Luft aus der Umgebung genutzt. Diese Verfahrensweise hat gegenüber den bis dato bekannten Verfahren - nämlich die ausschließliche Zuführung von Wind über sog. Winddüsen - den Vorteil, daß die gewünschten hohen Temperaturen im Bereich des Ofeninneren und damit nicht im Bereich der Ofenwände erzeugt werden. DE-A 196 22 695 describes a method for operating a shaft furnace known in which the supply of an oxygen-containing gas mixture or the Feeding the wind into the furnace shaft by means of at least one injector nozzle he follows. Oxygen or mixed oxygen is used as the conveying medium other gases used. Using this procedure, the pressure at which the medium is available and through the injector nozzle into the furnace is used to suck air from the environment. This Procedure has compared to the previously known methods - namely the exclusive supply of wind via so-called wind nozzles - the advantage that the desired high temperatures in the area of the furnace interior and therefore not in the Area of the furnace walls.
Ferner ist es bekannt, Sauerstoff über Sauerstofflanzen mit Venturi-Düsen, die vorzugsweise zentral in den Winddüsen angeordnet sind, in den Ofen einzuführen. Mittels derartiger Düsen kann jedoch als Austrittsgeschwindigkeit maximal Schallgeschwindigkeit erreicht werden. Dies führt jedoch dazu, daß insbesondere die Randbereiche des Ofens und damit die Ofenmauerung den hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt werden.It is also known to ventilate oxygen through oxygen lances with venturi nozzles are preferably arranged centrally in the wind vents to insert into the furnace. By means of such nozzles, however, the maximum exit velocity Speed of sound can be reached. However, this leads to the fact that in particular Peripheral areas of the furnace and thus the furnace wall to the high temperatures get abandoned.
Auch der Einsatz von Sauerstofflanzen mit Laval-Düsen wurde bereits realisiert. Hierbei ist zu beachten, daß diese Düsen nur in einem vergleichsweise engen Bereich um einem bestimmten Auslegungspunkt, der abhängig von Druck, Temperatur, Düsenquerschnitt, Durchfluß, etc. ist, optimal arbeiten. Wird außerhalb dieses Bereichs "gearbeitet", so führt dies zu negativen Ergebnissen.The use of oxygen lances with Laval nozzles has also already been implemented. It should be noted here that these nozzles only in a comparatively narrow area around a certain design point, which depends on pressure, temperature, Nozzle cross-section, flow, etc. is working optimally. Will be outside of this Area "worked", this leads to negative results.
Der Wirkungsgrad eines Schacht- oder Kupolofens und die Ausnutzung des eingeleiteten Sauerstoffs oder Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisches ist umso höher, je weiter der Sauerstoff bzw. das Sauerstoff-haltige Gasgemisch in die Ofenmitte eindringt und je höher die Schmelztemperatur dadurch im Ofeninneren wird. Die Zone höchster Temperatur sollte hierbei möglichst weit entfernt von der Ofenwandung sein, um die Düsen sowie die diese umgebende Ofenwandung möglichst wenig thermisch zu belasten. Wird bei der Verwendung von Venturi- oder Laval-Düsen der Gasdurchfluß und -druck so gewählt, daß das einzuführende Gas(gemisch) möglichst weit in die Ofenmittel gelangt, so führt dies bei einem kontinuierlichen Gasfluß zu einem vergleichsweise hohen Gaseverbrauch und zu einem zu hohen Anstieg der Schmelztemperatur.The efficiency of a shaft or cupola furnace and the utilization of the Introduced oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture is the higher, the further the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture in the middle of the furnace penetrates and the higher the melting temperature inside the furnace. The zone highest temperature should be as far as possible from the furnace wall, as little thermal as possible around the nozzles and the furnace wall surrounding them to charge. If the Venturi or Laval nozzles are used, the Gas flow and pressure selected so that the gas (mixture) to be introduced as possible reaches far into the furnace means, this leads to a continuous gas flow a comparatively high gas consumption and too high an increase in Melting temperature.
Aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 297 11 593 ist eine Ofenanlage zur thermischen Behandlung eines Rohmaterials bekannt. Im Gegensatz zu den vorbeschriebenen Verfahrensweisen wird der in die Ofenanlage einzuführende Sauerstoff bzw. das Sauerstoff-haltige Gasgemisch über eine Gaseinleitungseinrichtung in Form von gegenüber dem Umgebungsdruck einen höheren Druck aufweisenden Gasimpulsen in den Behandlungsraum des Ofens eingeleitet. Zur Realisierung dieser Verfahrensweise ist zwingend ein Pufferbehälter für das der Ofenanlage zugeführte Gas(Gemisch) erforderlich. Desweiteren ist die Erfassung der in den Ofen eingeführten Gas(Gemisch)menge vergleichsweise aufwendig.From the German utility model 297 11 593 is a furnace system for thermal treatment of a raw material known. In contrast to the The procedure described above is the one to be introduced into the furnace system Oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture via a Gas inlet device in the form of a relative to the ambient pressure higher pressure gas pulses in the treatment room of the furnace initiated. A buffer tank is mandatory to implement this procedure required for the gas (mixture) supplied to the furnace system. Furthermore, the Comparatively recording the amount of gas (mixture) introduced into the furnace complex.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens anzugeben, das die Nachteile der bekannten Verfahren vermeidet und ein im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik ökonomischeres und flexibleres Verfahren ermöglicht. Ferner liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Schachtofen anzugeben, der für ein derartiges Verfahren geeignet ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for Operate a shaft furnace to indicate the disadvantages of the known Process avoids and a more economical compared to the prior art and allows more flexible procedure. Furthermore, the invention has the object based on specifying a generic shaft furnace for such Method is suitable.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß maximal n - 1 Düsen und/oder Lanzen zeitgleich mit dem Sauerstoff oder Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisch beaufschlagt werden.The method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace is thereby characterized in that a maximum of n - 1 nozzles and / or lances simultaneously with the Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture can be applied.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, daß zu jeder Zeit nur jeweils eine Düse und/oder Lanze mit dem Sauerstoff oder dem Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisch beaufschlagt wird.Further developing the method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace it is proposed that only one nozzle and / or lance with the Oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture is applied.
Denkbar ist beispielsweise, daß die einzelnen Düsen und/oder Lanzen rundum der Reihe nach beaufschlagt werden. Diese Verfahrensweise hat den Vorteil, daß die pro Düse oder Lanze eingetragene Gasmenge - verglichen mit der Verfahrensweise einer gleichzeitigen Beaufschlagung aller Düsen und/oder Lanzen - höher gewählt werden kann.It is conceivable, for example, that the individual nozzles and / or lances all around Be applied sequentially. This procedure has the advantage that the pro Nozzle or lance amount of gas entered - compared to the procedure of a simultaneous action on all nozzles and / or lances - be selected higher can.
Auch können ausschließlich gegenüberliegende Düsen und/oder Lanzen oder zwei bis drei nebeneinander angeordnete Düsen und/oder Lanzen zeitgleich mit dem Sauerstoff oder dem Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisch beaufschlagt werden. Neben den genannten Beispielen sind für den Fachmann selbstverständlich eine Vielzahl weiterer Schaltungsmöglichkeiten denkbar.Also, only opposite nozzles and / or lances or two can up to three jets and / or lances arranged side by side at the same time as the Oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture can be applied. Next The examples mentioned are of course a large number for the person skilled in the art other circuit options conceivable.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der zuzuführende Sauerstoff oder das Sauerstoff-haltige Gasgemisch getaktet auf die einzelnen Düsen und/oder Lanzen verteilt, indem bspw. vor jede Düse und/oder Lanze ein Magnetventil geschaltet wird. Vorzugsweise überschneiden sich die Öffnungs- und Schließzeiten der jeweils hintereinander zu- und aufgeschalteten Ventile. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der Druck in der Gas(gemisch)zuführungsleitung und auch der Gas(gemisch)durchfluß über die gesamte Zeitdauer konstant bleibt. Die angesprochenen Probleme der Erfassung der dem Ofen zugeführten Gas(gemisch)menge, wie sie bspw. bei dem genannten Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 297 11 593 auftreten, stellen sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren deshalb nicht.In the method according to the invention, the oxygen to be supplied or the Oxygen-containing gas mixture clocked on the individual nozzles and / or lances distributed, for example, by switching a solenoid valve in front of each nozzle and / or lance. The opening and closing times of the each preferably overlap Valves switched on and off one after the other. This has the advantage that the pressure in the gas (mixture) supply line and also the gas (mixture) flow through the the entire period remains constant. The problems of capturing the amount of gas (mixture) supplied to the furnace, such as the one mentioned German utility model 297 11 593 occur in the The method according to the invention is therefore not.
Zudem kann auf Pufferbehälter, wie er bei der in dem genannten Gebrauchsmuster beschriebenen Ofenanlage erforderlich ist, verzichtet werden.In addition, buffer tanks, such as those in the utility model mentioned described furnace system is required to be dispensed with.
Wird die zuzuführende Gas(gemisch)menge lediglich einer Düse und/oder Lanze zugeführt, kann die Gas(gemisch)menge um den Faktor, der der Anzahl der Düsen und/oder Lanzen entspricht, vervielfältigt werden. Der Impuls des eingetragenen Gas(gemisch)stromes in Richtung der Ofenmitte ist daher um den gleichen Faktor größer.If the amount of gas (mixture) to be supplied is only one nozzle and / or lance supplied, the gas (mixture) amount by the factor of the number of nozzles and / or lances can be reproduced. The impulse of the entered Gas (mixed) flow towards the center of the furnace is therefore by the same factor greater.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Zuführung des Sauerstoffs oder Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisches in den Schachtofen gepulst erfolgt.Further developing the method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace it is proposed that the supply of oxygen or oxygen-containing Gas mixture pulsed into the shaft furnace.
Erfolgt die Zuführung des Sauerstoffs oder des Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisches mit den benötigten hohen Durchflußmengen gepulst - bspw. mit einer Pulsdauer von 1 bis 10 s -, so kann die insgesamt pro Stunde oder pro Tonne Schmelzleistung eingesetzte Gasmenge über die einstellbare Pulsfrequenz geregelt werden. Gleichzeitig können - im Falle der Verwendung von Laval-Düsen - die optimalen Parameter für die Auslegung dieser Düsen beibehalten werden.If the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture is also supplied the required high flow rates pulsed - for example with a pulse duration of 1 to 10 s - so the total per hour or per ton of melting capacity the amount of gas used can be regulated via the adjustable pulse frequency. At the same time - if Laval nozzles are used - the optimal ones Parameters for the design of these nozzles are retained.
In den Pulspausen kühlt die über die Windleitung relativ "weich" eingetragene Luftmenge die Düsen- oder Lanzenzonen wieder ab. Mittels dieser Verfahrensweise wird eine Überhitzung wirkungsvoll vermieden und gleichzeitig der dem Ofenschacht zugeführte Sauerstoff oder das Sauerstoff-haltige Gasgemisch in den Pulsphasen weit in das Ofeninnere eingetragen.In the pulse pauses, the relatively "soft" one that cools in via the wind pipe cools Air volume from the nozzle or lance zones again. Using this procedure overheating is effectively avoided and at the same time that of the furnace shaft supplied oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture in the pulse phases entered far inside the oven.
Der erfindungsgemäße Schachtofen zur Erzeugung von Metallen, insbesondere von Gußeisen, und Metallegierungen ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seine Zuführvorrichtungen als Sauerstofflanzen mit jeweils wenigstens zwei Düsenaufsätzen ausgebildet sind.The shaft furnace according to the invention for the production of metals, in particular of Cast iron and metal alloys is characterized in that its Feeders as oxygen lances, each with at least two Nozzle attachments are formed.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Schachtofens zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Sauerstofflanzen dreh- und/oder verschiebbar angeordnet sind.An advantageous embodiment of the shaft furnace according to the invention is distinguished characterized in that the oxygen lances are rotatably and / or displaceably arranged.
Während herkömmliche Sauerstofflanzen nur über lediglich eine Düse verfügen, kann durch das Vorsehen von wenigstens zwei Düsenaufsätzen pro Sauerstofflanze ein größerer bzw. weiterer Bereich des Ofens mit dem einzuführenden Gas(gemisch) beaufschlagt werden. Sind die Sauerstofflanzen zudem dreh- und/oder verschiebbar angeordnet, so wird deren Flexibilität weiter erhöht.While conventional oxygen lances can only have one nozzle by providing at least two nozzle attachments per oxygen lance Larger or wider area of the furnace with the gas to be introduced (mixture) be charged. Are the oxygen lances also rotatable and / or movable arranged, so their flexibility is further increased.
Die über den Umfang des Ofens angeordneten Zuführvorrichtungen sind vorzugsweise über separate Gaseversorgungsleitungen mit einer Gasquelle verbunden oder verbindbar. Unter dem Begriff "Gasquelle" ist z. B. ein Speicherbehälter zu verstehen. In jeder der Gaseversorgungsleitungen ist wenigstens eine Absperrventil vorgesehen.The feeding devices arranged around the circumference of the furnace are preferably via separate gas supply lines with a gas source connected or connectable. Under the term "gas source" z. B. a Understand storage containers. There is at least one in each of the gas supply lines a shut-off valve is provided.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgt bei geschlossenen Absperrventilen eine Grundbeaufschlagung der Düsen und/oder Lanzen mit einer Menge von 0,1 bis 0,5 der Puls-Gasmenge des Sauerstoffs oder Sauerstoff-haltigen Gasgemisches. Eine derartige Grundbeaufschlagung der Düsen und/oder Lanzen ist zum Zwecke des Schutzes der Düsen und/oder Lanzen sinnvoll.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention The process is carried out with the shut-off valves closed Nozzles and / or lances with an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 of the pulse gas amount of the Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture. Such Basic loading of the nozzles and / or lances is for the purpose of protecting the Nozzles and / or lances make sense.
Prinzipiell kann die erwähnte Grundbeaufschlagung der Düsen und/oder Lanzen jedoch auch unterbleiben, da bei entsprechend gestalteten Düsen weder die Gefahr des Verstopfens noch des Beschädigens besteht.In principle, the above-mentioned basic loading of the nozzles and / or lances however, do not do so, because with appropriately designed nozzles there is neither danger constipation or damage.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens ermöglicht ein im Vergleich zu dem bekannten Stand der Technik ökonomischeres und flexibleres Verfahren. Insbesondere kann die Menge an Sauerstoff oder Sauerstoff-haltigem Gasgemisch, die für eine Aufrechterhaltung der Schmelztemperatur erforderlich ist, verringert werden. Zudem wird die thermische Belastung der Winddüsen sowie der sie umgebenden Ofenmauerung verringert. The method according to the invention for operating a shaft furnace enables one compared to the known prior art more economical and flexible Method. In particular, the amount of oxygen or oxygen-containing Gas mixture which is necessary for maintaining the melting temperature, be reduced. In addition, the thermal load on the wind vents as well as on them surrounding furnace wall decreased.
Auch die Verwendung von Laval-Düsen, deren Einsatz - wie oben ausgeführt - nur dann sinnvoll ist, wenn in einem vergleichsweise engen Bereich um einen bestimmten Auslegungspunkt gearbeitet wird, macht nunmehr Sinn, da aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu jedem Zeitpunkt in dem Bereich um den Auslegungspunkt gearbeitet werden kann, da der Parameter "Durchflußmenge" über die Öffnungszeiten der Ventile geregelt werden kann.Also the use of Laval nozzles, their use - as explained above - only then makes sense if in a comparatively narrow area around a certain one Design point is now working, because due to the inventive method at any time in the area around the Design point can be worked because the parameter "flow rate" over the opening times of the valves can be regulated.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19835270 | 1998-08-04 | ||
| DE19835270 | 1998-08-04 | ||
| DE19860281 | 1998-12-23 | ||
| DE19860281A DE19860281A1 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 1998-12-23 | Operation of a shaft furnace for production of metals involves use of, at most, all but one of the nozzles and/or lances on the furnace circumference for delivery of oxygen or a gas mixture containing oxygen into the furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0992753A2 true EP0992753A2 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
| EP0992753A3 EP0992753A3 (en) | 2001-08-08 |
Family
ID=26047929
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99115252A Ceased EP0992753A3 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 1999-08-02 | Operating process for a shaft furnace and shaft furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0992753A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1739194A1 (en) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-03 | Messer France S.A.S. | Method of supersonic injection of an oxidationagent in a melting furnace |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5558307A (en) * | 1978-10-25 | 1980-05-01 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Blasting method for blast furnace |
| JPS55158204A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1980-12-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Blast furnace operating method |
| US5451034A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-09-19 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Device for the injection of pulverized coal into a blast furnace crucible |
| DE29711593U1 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1997-09-04 | Westfalen AG, 48155 Münster | Device for the thermal treatment of a raw material |
| EP1035221A2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | Linde Technische Gase GmbH | Burner, shaft furnace and shaft furnace operating method |
-
1999
- 1999-08-02 EP EP99115252A patent/EP0992753A3/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5558307A (en) * | 1978-10-25 | 1980-05-01 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Blasting method for blast furnace |
| JPS55158204A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1980-12-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Blast furnace operating method |
| US5451034A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-09-19 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Device for the injection of pulverized coal into a blast furnace crucible |
| DE29711593U1 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1997-09-04 | Westfalen AG, 48155 Münster | Device for the thermal treatment of a raw material |
| EP1035221A2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | Linde Technische Gase GmbH | Burner, shaft furnace and shaft furnace operating method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 093 (C-017), 5. Juli 1980 (1980-07-05) & JP 55 058307 A (SUMITOMO METAL IND LTD), 1. Mai 1980 (1980-05-01) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 005, no. 031 (C-045), 25. Februar 1981 (1981-02-25) & JP 55 158204 A (SUMITOMO METAL IND LTD), 9. Dezember 1980 (1980-12-09) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1739194A1 (en) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-03 | Messer France S.A.S. | Method of supersonic injection of an oxidationagent in a melting furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0992753A3 (en) | 2001-08-08 |
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