EP0992743B1 - Chaudière à gaz avec moyens pour accumuler et maintenir chaude de l'eau sanitaire - Google Patents

Chaudière à gaz avec moyens pour accumuler et maintenir chaude de l'eau sanitaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0992743B1
EP0992743B1 EP99107878A EP99107878A EP0992743B1 EP 0992743 B1 EP0992743 B1 EP 0992743B1 EP 99107878 A EP99107878 A EP 99107878A EP 99107878 A EP99107878 A EP 99107878A EP 0992743 B1 EP0992743 B1 EP 0992743B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
boiler
circuit
temperature
expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99107878A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0992743A2 (fr
EP0992743A3 (fr
Inventor
Livio Baggio
Lamberto Del Grosso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baxi SpA
Original Assignee
Baxi SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0992743A3 publication Critical patent/EP0992743A3/fr
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Publication of EP0992743B1 publication Critical patent/EP0992743B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks
    • F24D3/1016—Tanks having a bladder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks
    • F24D3/1041—Flow-through
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
    • F24H1/50—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating domestic water tanks

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a boiler for hot water production in accordance with the pre-characterising part of the main claim.
  • the boiler when the user requires hot water to circulate through the secondary hydraulic circuit of the boiler, ie through the circuit for water for domestic use, the boiler has first to heat the water present in the primary circuit (ie in the circuit for supplying heating water), so that the water heated in this manner heats water for domestic use on passing through the second boiler heat exchanger, which is generally a plate heat exchanger.
  • a object of this invention is to provide a boiler for producing hot water for domestic use and for heating, which ensures immediate availability and stable delivery of hot water for domestic use, without the need to provide bulky additional components and/or components involving additional heating elements.
  • a further object is to provide a boiler with a time and cost of assembly comparable to those of traditional boilers and which does not require additional maintenance.
  • a boiler comprises a first hydraulic circuit 1, or primary circuit, containing a pump 2, a first heat exchanger 3 for heating the water circulating through the circuit, a three-way valve 4 and a second heat exchanger 25 for transferring heat to the water circulating through a second hydraulic circuit 5.
  • the primary circuit 1 is connected to a heating system via a return pipe 6 and an exit or delivery pipe 7.
  • Water for domestic use circulates through the second circuit, on passing through the second heat exchanger 25 it being heated as required.
  • This second circuit comprises a delivery pipe 5B and a return pipe 5B.
  • the boiler also comprises usual safety members 8, 9, 11, 12 and a safety valve 10, known flue gas conveying and control means 13, and regulator means 14 for a gas flow fed through a pipe 15 to a known burner 16.
  • the boiler also comprises a usual control unit (not shown) for the boiler operation. This unit is connected to and controls all the internal members of the boiler.
  • the boiler also comprises a member 17 acting simultaneously as an expansion tank and as an accumulation vessel for hot water of the primary circuit.
  • the expansion and accumulation member 17 comprises ( Figure 2) a shell 18 of substantially parallelepiped shape, defining an internal space divided into two parts 18A, 18B by an elastically deformable element 19 (formed for example of an elastomer) provided within the shell 18 and having for example the shape of an inverted jug.
  • the shell 18 comprises upperly a through hole 24A sealed by a plug 24 and lowerly a tubular connector 20 arranged to close a shell aperture on which this connector is positioned, and to sealedly retain the edges of the elastic element 19 against the edges of said aperture.
  • the connector 20 is advantageously connected to the edge of the shell 18 by seaming.
  • the tubular element 20 comprises a water inlet aperture 20A and an outlet aperture 20B.
  • the tubular element 21 is connected to a tubular element 21 inserted into the elastic element 19 and dimensioned such that its upper end 21A is positioned in correspondence with the upper portion S of the elastic element when this contains water at ambient temperature ( Figure 2).
  • the tubular element 21 comprises a plurality of holes 22.
  • a probe 23 of conventional type is provided within the tubular element to measure the temperature of the water contained in the element 19. The signal obtained by the probe is transmitted to the outside (to the aforesaid control unit) via a cable 23A.
  • the probe could also be positioned within the space between the elastic element 19 and the tubular element 21 (as shown by dashed lines in Figure 2). Alternatively, the temperature of said water can be measured by the control unit in another manner, for example indirectly via a probe measuring the temperature of the shell 18.
  • the outlet 20B of the expansion and accumulation member 17 is connected to the pump 2, the inlet 20A being connected to a connection pipe connected both to the heating water inlet pipe 6 and to the outlet of the second heat exchanger 25.
  • the conventional expansion members already present in known boilers can be advantageously used.
  • such members are totally identical to that shown in Figure 2 with regard to the shell 18 and the elastic element 19, so that commercially available shells and elements can be used for its construction.
  • known expansion members have a different lower connection and closure element from the aforedescribed (with only one aperture acting both as inlet and outlet for the water provided in the elastic element) and may not possess the tubular element 21 or the temperature measurement probe 23.
  • the expansion members are connected to the inlet or outlet branch of the second heat exchanger 25.
  • the known expansion members are arranged to automatically adjust the water pressure in the primary circuit as its temperature varies.
  • the chamber 18A of the shell 18 is filled through the hole 24A with a gas (inert, for example nitrogen) at a determined pressure (for example at a pressure of 1 bar) whereas the elastic element, being connected to the primary hydraulic circuit of the boiler, is filled with water at ambient temperature. Under these conditions the elastic element fills until the pressure in its interior equals the pressure within the remaining part of the chamber (under such conditions the elastic element generally occupies a space equal to that indicated in Figure 2).
  • the volume of the elastic element increases, and simultaneously the gas present in the chamber 18A is compressed until a new equilibrium situation is attained (when the water in the elastic element is at its maximum temperature, this element can for example have the shape indicated by the dashed line M in Figure 2).
  • the aforedescribed type of operation is usual in known boilers and is in no way altered by the expansion and accumulation member of the invention.
  • the elastic element 19 is however also used for accumulating hot water to be used for the initial heating of the water of the secondary circuit 5 in the heat exchanger 25.
  • the unit controlling the various boiler components operates the three-way valve 4 to close the flow of water from the primary circuit to the outlet pipe 7 and instead direct it to the heat exchanger 25, and activates the pump 2 and burner 16.
  • the water of the primary circuit is heated until the probe 23 inserted in the elastic element 19 senses the attainment of a predetermined temperature (for example 55°C).
  • the second heat exchanger 25 does not operate as a heat exchanger but simply as a passive element for connecting the valve 4 to the expansion and accumulation member 17.
  • a dedicated pipe and valve could also be provided for this purpose.
  • the boiler control unit operates the burner 16 at reduced power to prevent stressing of the primary hydraulic circuit 1 which has a reduced capacity, so preventing overheating.
  • the control unit detects a request for hot water for domestic use (this being usually detected by the member 9 which feeds a signal to the control unit), with the boiler of the invention under normal operating conditions the expansion and accumulation member 17 contains a quantity of hot water sufficient to provide immediate heating of the water for domestic use circulating through the circuit 5.
  • control unit when the control unit receives a signal relative to a request for hot water, this unit, as also happens in known boilers, activates the pump 11 and burner 16, and closes the valve 4 so that the water of the circuit 1, taken from the member 17, circulates towards the heat exchanger 25 and not towards the pipe 7.
  • this unit it is no longer necessary to wait for the water of the primary circuit 1 to heat up before transferring heat via the heat exchanger 25 to the water circulating through the domestic circuit 5.
  • hot water is immediately available, with corresponding immediate heat transfer between the water of the primary circuit 1 and the water of the secondary circuit 5.
  • the holes 22 present in the tubular element 22 have proved of particular use when hot water for domestic use is requested but the accumulated water in the element 19 is at a low temperature, close to the limiting temperature measured by the probe 23. Under these conditions the expansion and accumulation member feeds the heat exchanger 25 with water able to transfer a limited quantity of heat to the water for domestic use. Moreover in this situation if the holes 22 were absent, the water volume present in the elastic element 19 would slow down the heating of the water. However the holes 22 enable the water volume present in the elastic element to be by-passed; most of the water to be heated by the burner 16 follows the path indicated by the arrow F. Hence even under said critical conditions the water for domestic use is heated rapidly.
  • the boiler of the invention achieves the same results as known boilers comprising an additional hot water accumulation vessel and additional means for heating the water present in the vessel, without the need to use a greater number of components and without varying the overall size compared with traditional boilers without hot water accumulation.
  • the aforedescribed expansion and accumulation member 17 does not require insulation.
  • the air present in the part 18A of the shell 18 provides sufficient insulation.
  • control unit of the boiler according to the invention has not been described as it is of conventional type to the expert of the art.
  • the expansion and accumulation member 17 could be provided in another position of the circuit 1, for example upstream of the heat exchanger 25, or the elastic element 19 could be formed differently from that shown.
  • the element 19 has the form of a flat membrane to sealedly separate the chamber into two parts of variable volume, one for water and the other for pressurized gas.
  • FIG. 3 Such an embodiment is shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 (where parts corresponding to those of Figures 1 and 2 are indicated by the same reference numerals) in which the member 17 comprises an element 19 in the form of a flat membrane, as stated.
  • this membrane rests substantially on a rigid baffle 33 which divides the internal space of the shell 18 into two chambers 18A, 18B of predefined volume when the water in the chamber 18B is at low temperature.
  • the baffle 33 comprises holes 34 enabling the water of the chamber 18B to displace the membrane 19 within the chamber 18A when said water heats up, so increasing its pressure.
  • the member 17 shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 enables the boiler to operate as already described in relation to Figures 1 and 2, while enabling a minimum volume of water (for example 2 litres) to be always maintained in this member when at relatively low temperature.
  • These pipes can be positioned at opposite ends 17A and 17B of the member 17 or (as in Figure 4) on the same side or end (for example 17A) of this latter.
  • the outlet 20B is connected to and communicates with the tubular element 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Chaudière pour produire de l'eau chaude pour le chauffage et les utilisations domestiques, du type comprenant un premier circuit hydraulique (1) pour chauffer l'eau destinée à un système de chauffage, ledit premier circuit comprenant un moyen (2) pour la circulation forcée de l'eau dans ledit premier circuit, des premiers moyens (3, 16) pour produire de la chaleur et transmettre celle-ci à l'eau, un moyen formant clapet (4) pour acheminer l'eau chauffée jusqu'à un tuyau de refoulement (7) ou jusqu'à un second moyen formant échangeur de chaleur (25) conçu pour transmettre au moins une partie de la chaleur de l'eau chauffée à l'eau destinée à des utilisations domestiques circulant dans un second circuit hydraulique (5), un moyen pour régler automatiquement la pression de l'eau circulant dans le circuit primaire lorsque sa température varie, et un moyen pour accumuler et maintenir une quantité prédéterminée d'eau chauffée dans le circuit primaire dans un intervalle de température prédéterminée, ledit moyen d'accumulation et de maintien étant relié au circuit primaire de façon à ce que ladite quantité prédéterminée d'eau chauffée soit rendue disponible pour le second moyen formant échangeur de chaleur (25) au moins pendant un stade initial du chauffage de l'eau pour usages domestiques circulant dans le second circuit, un moyen étant prévu pour commander les organes de la chaudière, le moyen pour accumuler et maintenir une quantité d'eau chauffée à rendre disponible pour le second moyen formant échangeur de chaleur (25) étant le moyen d'expansion (17), un moyen pour mesurer la température de l'eau présente dans le moyen d'expansion étant prévu, ledit moyen de mesure étant connecté au moyen de commande qui, d'après la température mesurée de l'eau présente dans le moyen d'expansion (17), agit sur le premier circuit hydraulique (1) afin de maintenir cette température à une valeur prédéterminée à laquelle la transmission de chaleur à l'eau pour usages domestiques pendant le stade initial de son chauffage peut avoir lieu d'une façon efficace, le moyen d'expansion (17) comportant une enveloppe creuse (18) et un élément élastiquement déformable (19) conçu pour diviser l'espace intérieur défini par ladite enveloppe en deux parties (18A, 18B) séparées de manière étanche l'une de l'autre, une première partie fermée (18A) étant remplie d'un gaz sous pression, la deuxième partie (18B) étant reliée au circuit hydraulique primaire (1) et étant remplissable, à l'encontre de l'action dudit gaz sous pression, par l'eau dudit circuit primaire, ladite deuxième partie (18B) comprenant un orifice d'entrée (20A) d'eau et un orifice de sortie (20B) et contenant le moyen de mesure (23) de température d'eau, tandis que l'élément élastiquement déformable (19) se présente sous la forme d'une membrane sensiblement plane, caractérisée en ce que les deux chambres (18A, 18B) de l'enveloppe creuse (18) du moyen d'expansion (17) sont séparées par un déflecteur rigide (33) pourvu d'ouvertures (34) reliant l'une à l'autre les chambres (18A, 18B), dans la chambre (18A) remplie de gaz étant placé l'élément déformable (19) qui, lorsque la température de l'eau dans l'autre chambre (18B) est basse, repose sur au moins une partie dudit déflecteur (33) et qui, lorsque ladite température augmente, se déploie dans ladite chambre (18A) pour s'écarter dudit déflecteur (33).
  2. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'expansion (17) est relié au premier circuit hydraulique (1) par des moyens de circulation (20) de façon à permettre à l'eau contenue dans ceux-ci d'aller et venir par rapport audit circuit (1) et à leur permettre d'être utilisés également comme moyens d'accumulation.
  3. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément élastiquement déformable (19) se présente sous la forme d'une carafe retournée.
  4. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (20A) est reliée à la base de la deuxième partie (18B) contenant de l'eau, l'ouverture de sortie (20B) étant reliée à une région supérieure de ladite deuxième partie (18B).
  5. Chaudière selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un élément (21) reliant l'ouverture de sortie (20B) d'eau à la région supérieure de la deuxième partie (18B) et conçu pour permettre à l'eau entrant à partir de la base de ladite deuxième partie de sortir uniquement après avoir atteint la région supérieure de ladite deuxième partie.
  6. Chaudière selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de liaison (21) comporte une pluralité de trous traversants (22) dont les positions correspondent à la base de la deuxième partie (18B) et qui sont conçus pour permettre au moins à une partie de l'eau entrant dans la deuxième partie de quitter immédiatement ladite deuxième partie.
  7. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'expansion et d'accumulation (17) est disposé entre le second moyen formant échangeur de chaleur (25) et le moyen (2) pour la circulation forcée de l'eau.
  8. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen de mesure de température est une sonde de température (23) située à l'intérieur du moyen d'expansion (17).
  9. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen de mesure de température est une sonde mesurant la température de l'enveloppe creuse (1) du moyen d'expansion.
EP99107878A 1998-10-09 1999-04-21 Chaudière à gaz avec moyens pour accumuler et maintenir chaude de l'eau sanitaire Expired - Lifetime EP0992743B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1998MI002179A IT1302641B1 (it) 1998-10-09 1998-10-09 Caldaia a gas con mezzi di accumulo e mantenimento di acqua riscaldataper uso sanitario
ITMI982179 1998-10-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0992743A2 EP0992743A2 (fr) 2000-04-12
EP0992743A3 EP0992743A3 (fr) 2002-08-14
EP0992743B1 true EP0992743B1 (fr) 2004-12-08

Family

ID=11380844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99107878A Expired - Lifetime EP0992743B1 (fr) 1998-10-09 1999-04-21 Chaudière à gaz avec moyens pour accumuler et maintenir chaude de l'eau sanitaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0992743B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE284521T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69922463D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1302641B1 (fr)
TR (1) TR199902491A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106594843A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-04-26 何宗衡 竖置式混能自平衡装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2361295A (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-10-17 Hong Kong And China Gas Co Ltd Water heating apparatus
GB2555425B (en) * 2016-10-26 2019-06-26 Vexo International Uk Ltd Expansion vessel for a heating or cooling system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8721090D0 (en) * 1987-09-08 1987-10-14 Pressure Units Ltd Central heating system
AT398831B (de) * 1990-12-10 1995-02-27 Vaillant Gmbh Heizeinrichtung mit einem primärwärmetauscher
IT1271673B (it) * 1994-07-15 1997-06-04 Integra Srl Caldaia in particolare del tipo cosiddetto combinato a rapida erogazione di acqua calda sanitaria
DE19601179A1 (de) * 1996-01-15 1997-07-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zum Erhitzen von umlaufendem Heizungswasser und Brauchwasser
GB2335029B (en) * 1998-03-07 2001-11-28 Baxi Heating Ltd Hot water expansion vessel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106594843A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-04-26 何宗衡 竖置式混能自平衡装置
CN106594843B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2022-05-13 何宗衡 竖置式混能自平衡装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0992743A2 (fr) 2000-04-12
DE69922463D1 (de) 2005-01-13
TR199902491A3 (tr) 2000-05-22
IT1302641B1 (it) 2000-09-29
ITMI982179A1 (it) 2000-04-10
EP0992743A3 (fr) 2002-08-14
TR199902491A2 (xx) 2000-05-22
ATE284521T1 (de) 2004-12-15

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