Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
  • E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
  • E04H4/16—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for specially adapted for cleaning
  • E04H4/1654—Self-propelled cleaners

Definitions

• the invention relates to automated, power-driven pool cleaners employed in the unattended cleaning of the bottom and side walls of swimming pools and tanks.
• Automated swimming pool cleaners have been developed for the cleaning of the bottom and side walls of pools by programming the electrically-powered cleaner to traverse the bottom of the pool in one direction, and climb the side wall of the pool that it encounters until the leading end of the cleaner emerges at the waterline of the pool. Thereafter, the drive mechanism is reversed which causes the pool cleaner to reverse direction and to descend the vertical side wall until it encounters the bottom of the pool, at which point it undergoes a transition to return to a generally horizontal position to again begin its traverse of the bottom of the pool.
• the pool cleaner can be made to traverse an ever-changing, but generally predictable pattern across the bottom and up and down the side walls of the pool in order to clean the entire bottom surface.
• the pool cleaner also traverses horizontally along the side wall of the pool to clean the so-called scum line that often forms at the waterline.
• Pool cleaners of the prior art are designed to operate at a substantially continuous speed, whether they be driven by electric motors or water turbines. Minor variations in speed may occur at the transition zone where the pool cleaner moves from a generally horizontal position at the bottom of the pool to assume a vertical position on the side wall, and vice-versa. Other minor variations may be observed when the direction of travel of the pool cleaner is reversed, for example, when the pool cleaner begins its descent from the waterline along the side wall of the pool. Further minor variations between the speed at which the cleaner traverses the bottom of the pool and that at which it ascends and/or descends along the side wall due to gravitational effects which act upon the cleaner despite its neutrally buoyant design. However, these variations in speed are relatively minor and do not occur as a result of the preprogrammed operation of the cleaner and do not improve the functioning of the cleaner.
• swimming pool cleaners of the prior art operate at speeds in the range from about five feet per minute to ten feet per minute. Depending upon the size of the pool to be cleaned, the unit may have to be placed in operation for as long as six to eight hours to clean a large municipal or commercial swimming pool. The cleaning of larger pools must be done when the pool is not in use, generally overnight, over a weekend, or at other times when it is not convenient or economical to have maintenance personnel on duty to attend the cleaning of the pool.
• the power supply to the pool cleaner can be put on a timer, various circumstances can arise that will interfere with, or entirely interrupt the operation of the cleaner so that only a portion of the pool has been cleaned during the allocated cycle. For example, the floating power cord can become entangled, thereby disrupting the programmed cleaning pattern; the cleaner can become trapped in a corner, or against a ladder or other obstruction at the side of the pool.
• the pool cleaner In order to permit the pool cleaner to traverse the bottom of the pool and to ascend and descend the side walls of the pool during its cleaning operations, the pool cleaner is of substantially neutral buoyancy with respect to the water in the pool.
• variations in water density between fresh water and salt water pools must also be taken into account in the construction of pool cleaners for these different environments.
• additional weights can be attached to the cover and/or base plate of a pool cleaner that is neutrally buoyant with respect to fresh water in order to adapt it for use in a salt water pool.
• a portion of the pool cleaner projects above the surface of the pool.
• an improved automated power driven pool cleaning apparatus for cleaning the bottom and sidewalls of a pool comprising:
• a pool cleaner having a cover and drive means for moving the cleaner in forward and reverse directions is provided with control means and with signal generating means which cooperate to cause the drive means to operate at a slower speed when the cleaner descends from the waterline at the side wall of the pool, thereby allowing any air entrained under the cover to be displaced by water as the cleaner descends in operational cleaning contact with the wall of the pool.
• the pool cleaner is provided with a preprogrammed microprocessor controller that causes the cleaner to operate upon activation at a relatively slower secondary drive speed for an initial predetermined period of time.
• the initial predetermined time is sufficient to permit the cleaner to release entrapped air when the unit is placed on the side wall at start-up.
• the controller causes the speed to increase to the more rapid primary drive speed. After the cleaner has traversed the bottom and ascended a side wall, it is again slowed to descend the side wall at the secondary drive speed.
• the change in speed to a significantly slower speed for descending from the waterline can be in response to a signal generated upon the occurrence of a prior event.
• a prior event can be the transition of the pool cleaner from a generally horizontal position on the bottom of the pool to a generally vertical position as it climbs the side wall of the pool.
• a signal can be generated by a switch that is activated in response to the change of orientation, for example, a mercury switch or a pendulum switch.
• a signal can be generated when the leading edge of the pool cleaner emerges from the surface of the water above the waterline, e.g., by the movement of a float switch.
• the control signal is transmitted to a timer which in turn transmits a signal to the microprocessor that controls the speed and direction of the drive means.
• the pool cleaner moves horizontally along the side wall at the waterline in order to remove any scum and dirt that has accumulated there.
• the cleaner can traverse horizontally at the more rapid primary drive speed, or at the much slower secondary drive speed. However, at the preprogrammed time for descent from the waterline, the cleaner descends at the secondary drive speed or slower descending drive speed.
• the relatively slower secondary drive speed is determined empirically, or otherwise, to insure that any air entrained by operation of the cleaner at the waterline can be readily displaced as the cleaner descends along the wall to maintain substantially neutral buoyancy and operational cleaning contact by the cleaner on the wall.
• the microprocessor controller is programmed to cause the drive means to operate at the slower secondary speed when the cleaner is initially activated. This is an important feature, since the person transferring the cleaner from its transporting cart at the edge of the pool is likely to grasp the cleaner by its handle and lower it into the pool in contact with the side wall. If the power switch is activated while the cleaner is at the surface of the pool, it will descend at the slower secondary speed which permits the entrained air to escape from under the housing or cover.
• the microprocessor controller is programmed to cause the drive means to operate at the secondary speed for a predetermined start-up period of time before operating at the faster primary drive speed.
• the predetermined start-up time period can be longer than, or about the same as the predetermined operational period of time. Depending upon the size and structural configuration of the cleaner housing, these time periods can be from about five seconds to about fifteen seconds.
• the cleaner is adapted to operate at the slower secondary drive speed for a predetermined operational period of time that is sufficient to insure that any entrained air will be purged from the interior of the cover.
• This predetermined period of time can range from about 5 to about 15 seconds, and as explained above, is determined based upon the design and operation of the specific pool cleaner, including features such as the configuration of the cover, the position of the intake ports in the base plate, and the like.
• the time of operation at the more rapid primary drive speed should be maximized and the time of operation at the slower secondary drive speed or descending drive speed should be kept to a minimum.
• the predetermined operational period of time for operation at the secondary or descending drive speed must take into account varying dimensional features found in a range of pool designs. In any event, operation at the descending secondary drive speed can result in enhanced cleaning performance of the contacted surfaces.
• a further advantage of operating the pool cleaner at the more rapid primary drive speed at the waterline is to enhance the ability of the pool cleaner to turn the corner of the pool, i.e., to move from one wall surface to an intersecting wall surface at the corner of the pool. This enhanced cornering ability results from the greater momentum and traction achieved at the faster primary drive speed.
• a pool cleaner having drive means comprised of a DC electric motor attached through pulleys and drive belts to a pair of transverse cleaning brushes is provided with a preprogrammed microprocessor controller that is adapted to move the pool cleaner on the bottom of the pool at a primary drive speed of about 30 ft. per minute.
• a mercury switch is affixed beneath the cover of the cleaner and electrically connected to a timer associated with the microprocessor. In a preferred embodiment, the timer is integrated into the microprocessor controller. When the pool cleaner is placed in an operational position on the bottom of the pool, the mercury switch is in an open position. When the pool cleaner is in an operational or vertical position on the side wall of the pool, the mercury switch moves with respect to the cover and transmits a signal that is received by the timer.
• the cleaner continues to ascend the side wall and upon reaching the waterline begins to move horizontally along the side wall to scrub the scum line.
• the timer operates for a random period of time which can be for about 10 to about 30 seconds before stopping and reversing the drive means to cause the cleaner to descent the sidewall at the slower secondary drive speed. As the cleaner starts its descent, air from under the cover is displaced by water and the cleaner maintains operational contact with the side wall.
• the cleaner completes its descent from the sidewall and begins to traverse the bottom of the pool at the secondary drive speed.
• the timer transmits a signal to the microprocessor controller which cause the DC motors to increase to the primary drive speed to about 30 feet/second which is about twice the secondary speed.
• the pool cleaner rapidly traverses the long dimension of the pool bottom, ascends the wall to the waterline, move horizontally along the waterline for a randomly determined time of about seven seconds, after which the DC motors ar stopped and reversed to cause the drive means to move the cleaner down the side wall at the secondary drive speed of about twelve to fourteen feet/second, and thereafter to assume a different course in traversing the bottom of the pool.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Cleaning In General (AREA)
• Electric Vacuum Cleaner (AREA)
• Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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ID=22587816

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (19)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1998
  • 1998-09-29 US US09/162,953 patent/US6099658A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1999
  • 1999-09-22 ES ES99118039T patent/ES2281948T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-22 IL IL13199899A patent/IL131998A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-09-22 EP EP99118039A patent/EP0990750B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-22 DE DE69935294T patent/DE69935294T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (2)

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