EP0990464A1 - Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung - Google Patents
Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0990464A1 EP0990464A1 EP98810976A EP98810976A EP0990464A1 EP 0990464 A1 EP0990464 A1 EP 0990464A1 EP 98810976 A EP98810976 A EP 98810976A EP 98810976 A EP98810976 A EP 98810976A EP 0990464 A1 EP0990464 A1 EP 0990464A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- gas
- liquid
- nozzle
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
- F04F5/04—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
- F04F5/06—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids of rotary type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/311—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows for mixing more than two components; Devices specially adapted for generating foam
- B01F25/3111—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/311—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows for mixing more than two components; Devices specially adapted for generating foam
- B01F25/3111—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam
- B01F25/31113—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam with rotating elements, e.g. driven by one of the components for feeding or by the resulting mixture for additional mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
- B01F25/3122—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof the material flowing at a supersonic velocity thereby creating shock waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/834—Mixing in several steps, e.g. successive steps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of compressor technology. she relates to a method for compressing a gas and a compression device to perform the procedure.
- the object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by that in a first writing a foam from the gas and a liquid is formed in which the speed of sound is significantly lower than that Gas and in the liquid taken that in a second step the Foam passed through a nozzle at supersonic speed and thereby the gas in the foam is compressed, and that in a third script behind the nozzle the compressed gas and the liquid are separated become.
- the essence of the invention is a foam-like for compression Gas-liquid system to use, which is opposed by one the significantly reduced speed of sound in the individual components. This makes it possible for the compression process with reduced effort to achieve the necessary supersonic speed. At the same time, over the liquid that is separated again later that is formed during the compression Heat can be dissipated easily.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is thereby characterized in that a substantially still foam is generated that the nozzle is moved through the foam at supersonic speed, and that the movement of the nozzle is carried out as a circular movement around an axis of rotation becomes.
- This type of procedure proves to be particularly favorable for the Implementation of the method by apparatus.
- a preferred development of this embodiment because of its simplicity is characterized in that the foam behind the nozzle in one with the Nozzle with the moving collecting container is caught, and that when rotating centrifugal force generated in the collecting container for the separation of gas and Liquid is used.
- Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that to produce the foam, the gas into a volume the liquid is introduced distributed, and that the gas from below through a porous bottom into a layer of liquid above the bottom is introduced. This makes it possible to create a fine-pored surface over a large area without moving parts Generate foam that is special for the compression according to the invention suitable is.
- the compression device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by a container for the generated Foam, which container with first means for generating the foam is connected, and at least one nozzle which is relative to the foam The foam can be moved through the nozzle at supersonic speed passes, and second means for separating the foam into gas and Liquid, which second means are arranged behind the nozzle.
- a first preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the first means comprise a porous floor, which closes the container down, and which from the bottom
- the gas can be acted on over a wide area such that the at least one nozzle is located inside of the container on an arm rotatable about a central axis of rotation and essentially is arranged tangentially to the rotating circle that the arm of a motor is driven that the second means each attached behind the nozzle and connected to the nozzle collection container, which each on End of the arm is arranged, and that in the collecting container third Means for separate removal of the gaseous gases which separate during the rotation and liquid components are provided.
- a preferred development of this embodiment is characterized in that that the arm is each tubular, that the third means each include first inner tube extending within the arm, and that the Liquid through the first inner tube and the gas in the space between the first inner tube and the arm.
- An essential feature of the present invention is the use of a Gas-liquid system for compression of the gas itself.
- a Gas-liquid system for compression of the gas itself.
- the speed of sound is much lower than the speed of sound of the pure gas or liquid. So e.g. the speed of sound below 40 m / s in an air-water system, if the total volume ratio ⁇ of air to the mixture is between 0.1 and 0.9 is (Fig. 1). This means that supersonic speed is relative simply generated and that such a mixture by a flow cross-sectional constriction can be highly compressed.
- Foam is characterized by high gas and air volume fractions ( ⁇ ⁇ 0.9). Foam is defined as a dispersion of gas in a liquid, which contains one or more surface-active substances.
- the liquid is lying mainly in the form of thin films to coat the foam Bubbles before.
- the size (diameter) of the bubbles varies between a few micrometers (fine foam) and several millimeters (coarse foam).
- the surface-active substances are soluble in the liquid and reduce their surface tension, so that the formation of stable bubbles allows becomes.
- foam by means of a 1-5% butyl glycol / water solution and air.
- the method according to the invention can now be done by means of a compression device of which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 and 3 is reproduced.
- the compression device 10 shown comprises a container 11 in which the desired foam 21 is generated.
- the container 11 is closed at the bottom by a porous bottom 23, over a layer during the operation of the compression device 10 the liquid 22 used (in particular water plus surface-active Substances).
- a feed space 24 is arranged below the porous base 23, the one via a feed 25 with the used to be compressed Gas (especially air) can be filled.
- the gas penetrates in the form of small bubbles from the feed chamber 24 through the porous floor 23 - which is also a perforated plate or the like.
- Rotation axis 12 rotatably arranged a system which by means of a motor 26 (or an equivalent drive) moved at a peripheral speed which is above the speed of sound of the foam 21, and with this Ultrasound speed captures the foam 21 and by reducing the cross-section flows.
- This is done on two opposite arms 15, 16 two tangentially directed nozzles 19, 20 are provided, through which the relative flows to the foam 21 at rest, rotating around the axis of rotation 12, nozzles 19, 20 and arrives in the collecting container 17, 18 located behind it.
- the two nozzles 19, 20 shown in the example only one nozzle or more than two nozzles can be used.
- the compression device 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 now works as follows: Rotate in the container filled with foam 21 - driven by the engine 26 - the two nozzles 19, 20 with the associated collecting container 17, 18 counterclockwise (rotating arrows in Fig. 2).
- the speed of rotation in the exemplary and preferred air-water mixture is approx. 100 m / s, i.e. the nozzles 19, 20 move relative to the foam 21 at supersonic speed.
- Such a speed can be achieved, for example when the rotational frequency of the motor 26 is 50 Hz and the nozzles 19, 20 have a distance of approximately 0.3 m from the axis of rotation 12.
- the two-phase mixture is compressed in the nozzles 19, 20.
- the liquid emerging at the outlet 28 can - possibly after heat has been removed - are returned to the container 11 for foam formation.
- the gas (air) remaining during ejection is in the space between the arms 15, 16 and the radial inner tubes 29, 30 to the axial outer tube 13 out and can (in compressed form) removed at the outlet 27 become.
- the bottom 23 of the container 11 consists of a porous material or a perforated plate. Is on the floor 23 always a layer of liquid 22. The gas (air) flows through the bottom 23 and forms 22 bubbles when penetrating the liquid layer. It is created this way always a fresh foam 21.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Diagramm der Abhängigkeit der Schallgeschwindigkeit in einem Luft-Wasser-System vom Verhältnis ε des Luftvolumens Vair zum Gesamtvolumen V des Luft-Wasser-Gemisches;
- Fig. 2
- in der Draufsicht ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Kompressionsvorrichtung mit zwei Düsen an zwei Armen; und
- Fig. 3
- die Kompressionsvorrichtung nach Fig. 2 in der teilweise geschnittenen Seitenansicht.
- 10
- Kompressionsvorrichtung
- 11
- Behälter
- 12
- Drehachse
- 13
- Aussenrohr
- 14
- Innenrohr
- 15,16
- Arm
- 17,18
- Auffangbehälter
- 19,20
- Düse
- 21
- Schaum
- 22
- Flüssigkeit (Flüssigkeitsschicht)
- 23
- Boden (porös)
- 24
- Zuführraum (Gas)
- 25
- Zuführung (Gas)
- 26
- Motor
- 27
- Auslass (Gas)
- 28
- Auslass (Flüssigkeit)
- 29,30
- Innenrohr
Claims (16)
- Verfahren zum komprimieren eines Gases, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem ersten Schritt aus dem Gas und einer Flüssigkeit ein Schaum (21) gebildet wird, in welchem die Schallgeschwindigkeit deutlich kleiner ist als in dem Gas und in der Flüssigkeit für sich genommen, dass in einem zweiten Schritt der Schaum mit Ueberschallgeschwindigkeit durch eine Düse (19, 20) geleitet und dadurch das im Schaum befindliche Gas komprimiert wird, und dass in einem dritten Schritt hinter der Düse (19, 20) das komprimierte Gas und die Flüssigkeit voneinander getrennt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein im wesentlichen ruhender Schaum (21) erzeugt wird, und dass die Düse (19, 20) mit Ueberschallgeschwindigkeit durch den Schaum (21) bewegt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegung der Düse (19, 20) als Kreisbewegung um eine Drehachse (12) ausgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schaum hinter der Düse (19, 20) in einem mit der Düse (19, 20) mitbewegten Auffangbehälter (17, 18) aufgefangen wird, und dass die bei der Drehung entstehende Zentrifugalkraft im Auffangbehälter (17, 18) zur Trennung von Gas und Flüssigkeit eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erzeugung des Schaumes (21) das Gas in ein Volumen der Flüssigkeit (22) verteilt eingebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas von unten durch einen porösen Boden (23) in eine über dem Boden (23) stehende Schicht der Flüssigkeit (22) eingebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Stabilisierung des Schaums der Flüssigkeit (22) vor der Schaumbildung wenigstens eine oberflächenaktive Substanz zugemischt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Luft komprimiert wird, und dass als Flüssigkeit (22) Wasser verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Wasser als oberflächenaktive Substanz Butyl-Glycol, insbesondere unter Bildung einer 1 bis 5%-igen Lösung, zugesetzt wird.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung (10) zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, gekennzeichnet durch einen Behälter (11) für den erzeugten Schaum (21), welcher Behälter (11) mit ersten Mitteln (22-25) zur Erzeugung des Schaumes (21) verbunden ist, sowie wenigstens eine Düse (19, 20), welche relativ zum Schaum derart bewegbar ist, dass der Schaum (21) mit Ueberschallgeschwindigkeit durch die Düse (19, 20) hindurchtritt, sowie zweiten Mitteln (17, 18; 29, 30) zur Auftrennung des Schaumes in Gas und Flüssigkeit, welche zweiten Mittel hinter der Düse (19, 20) angeordnet sind.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Mittel einen porösen Boden (23) umfassen, welcher den Behälter (11) nach unten abschliesst, und welcher von der Unterseite her flächig mit dem Gas beaufschlagbar ist.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Düse (19, 20) innerhalb des Behälters (11) an einem Arm (15, 16) um eine zentrale Drehachse (12) drehbar und im wesentlichen tangential zum Drehkreis angeordnet ist, und dass der Arm (15, 16) von einem Motor (26) angetrieben ist.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Mittel jeweils einen hinter der Düse (19, 20) angebrachten und mit der Düse (19, 20) verbundenen Auffangbehälter (17, 18) umfassen, welcher jeweils am Ende des Armes (15, 16) angeordnet ist, und dass in dem Auffangbehälter (17, 18) jeweils dritte Mittel (29, 30) zur getrennten Abfuhr der sich bei der Drehung trennenden gasförmigen und flüssigen Komponenten vorgesehen sind.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Arm (15, 16) jeweils rohrförmig ausgebildet ist, dass die dritten Mittel ein jeweils innerhalb des Armes (15, 16) verlaufendes erstes Innenrohr (29, 30) umfassen, und dass die Flüssigkeit durch das erste Innenrohr (29, 30) und das Gas im Zwischenraum zwischen dem ersten Innenrohr (29, 30) und dem Arm (15, 16) abgeführt werden.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Drehachse (12) konzentrisch ein Aussenrohr (13) und ein zweites Innenrohr (14) angeordnet sind, durch welche das Gas bzw. die Flüssigkeit nach ihrer Trennung aus dem Behälter (11) herausgeführt werden, und dass der Arm (15, 16) jeweils an das Aussenrohr (13) und das erste Innenrohr (29, 30) jeweils an das zweite Innenrohr (14) angeschlossen sind.
- Kompressionsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Behälters (11) mehrere Düsen (19, 20) an entsprechenden Armen (15, 16) über den Umfang verteilt drehbar angeordnet sind und von dem Motor (26) angetrieben werden.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810976A EP0990464B1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung |
AT98810976T ATE234144T1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Strahlpumpe zur kompression eines zweiphasigen gemisches mittels überschallströmung |
DE59807474T DE59807474D1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung |
US09/391,400 US6241479B1 (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1999-09-08 | Supersonic centrifugal compression and separation of liquid and gas mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810976A EP0990464B1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0990464A1 true EP0990464A1 (de) | 2000-04-05 |
EP0990464B1 EP0990464B1 (de) | 2003-03-12 |
Family
ID=8236356
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810976A Expired - Lifetime EP0990464B1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Strahlpumpe zur Kompression eines zweiphasigen Gemisches mittels Überschallströmung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6241479B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0990464B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE234144T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59807474D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10248763A1 (de) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-05-06 | Leo Schlager | Zentrifuge zum Komprimieren insbesondere eines Gases |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE339906C (de) * | 1921-08-18 | Wilh Strube G M B H | Dampfstrahlpumpe | |
GB169683A (en) * | 1920-09-29 | 1922-01-12 | Vickers Electrical Co Ltd | Improvements in ejectors of the inward flow radial type |
GB327051A (en) * | 1929-05-16 | 1930-03-27 | Ernst Schoch | Improvements in or relating to injectors |
DE870208C (de) * | 1948-12-17 | 1953-03-12 | Carl Metz Feuerwehrgeraetefabr | Luftschaumerzeuger fuer Feuerloeschzwecke |
US3134338A (en) * | 1961-08-07 | 1964-05-26 | A Y Dodge Co | Jet pump |
EP0155024A1 (de) * | 1984-02-22 | 1985-09-18 | Erich Ludwig Leroy | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Mikroblasen enthaltenden Schaumes zur Staubbekämpfung |
WO1990005583A1 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-31 | Dunne Miller Weston Limited | Liquid-gas mixing device |
US5083429A (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1992-01-28 | Gergely Veres | Method of and compression tube for increasing pressure of a flowing gaseous medium, and power machine applying the compression tube |
WO1993016791A2 (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1993-09-02 | April Dynamics Industries Ltd. | A two-phase supersonic flow system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3200764A (en) * | 1962-09-10 | 1965-08-17 | Jr Robert C Saunders | Fluid injector |
US5338113A (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1994-08-16 | Transsonic Uberschall-Anlagen Gmbh | Method and device for pressure jumps in two-phase mixtures |
GB9127474D0 (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 1992-02-19 | Framo Dev Ltd | Multiphase fluid transport |
DE19536837B4 (de) * | 1995-10-02 | 2006-01-26 | Alstom | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Brennstoffen in komprimierte gasförmige Medien |
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 EP EP98810976A patent/EP0990464B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-28 DE DE59807474T patent/DE59807474D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-28 AT AT98810976T patent/ATE234144T1/de active
-
1999
- 1999-09-08 US US09/391,400 patent/US6241479B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE339906C (de) * | 1921-08-18 | Wilh Strube G M B H | Dampfstrahlpumpe | |
GB169683A (en) * | 1920-09-29 | 1922-01-12 | Vickers Electrical Co Ltd | Improvements in ejectors of the inward flow radial type |
GB327051A (en) * | 1929-05-16 | 1930-03-27 | Ernst Schoch | Improvements in or relating to injectors |
DE870208C (de) * | 1948-12-17 | 1953-03-12 | Carl Metz Feuerwehrgeraetefabr | Luftschaumerzeuger fuer Feuerloeschzwecke |
US3134338A (en) * | 1961-08-07 | 1964-05-26 | A Y Dodge Co | Jet pump |
EP0155024A1 (de) * | 1984-02-22 | 1985-09-18 | Erich Ludwig Leroy | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Mikroblasen enthaltenden Schaumes zur Staubbekämpfung |
US5083429A (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1992-01-28 | Gergely Veres | Method of and compression tube for increasing pressure of a flowing gaseous medium, and power machine applying the compression tube |
WO1990005583A1 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-31 | Dunne Miller Weston Limited | Liquid-gas mixing device |
WO1993016791A2 (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1993-09-02 | April Dynamics Industries Ltd. | A two-phase supersonic flow system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0990464B1 (de) | 2003-03-12 |
DE59807474D1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
US6241479B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 |
ATE234144T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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