EP0988948B1 - Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale - Google Patents
Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0988948B1 EP0988948B1 EP99390018A EP99390018A EP0988948B1 EP 0988948 B1 EP0988948 B1 EP 0988948B1 EP 99390018 A EP99390018 A EP 99390018A EP 99390018 A EP99390018 A EP 99390018A EP 0988948 B1 EP0988948 B1 EP 0988948B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cake
- sunflower
- injection
- process according
- rape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of molding an object by injection of the type in which a raw material is heated to the state of viscous or pasty liquid, it is injected under pressure into a mold and demoulding of the hardened material.
- the invention aims to take advantage of the performance of these injection processes (high speeds, absence handling, various shapes obtained) to make objects which, while enjoying durability and stability characteristics compatible with their function, be biodegradable, compostable and recyclable.
- biodegradable means that said object is likely to be degraded at least for the most part by natural microorganisms when put into the appropriate conditions, without the release of toxic products to the ecosystem, and on the scale of a few weeks to a few months.
- composite means an object which, divided, homogenized and mixed with organic matter and / or soil, provides a nutritious non-toxic substrate for plants.
- Recyclable means an object whose material can be reused to form an object of the same range.
- the present invention proposes to overcome the disadvantages of known processes and to indicate a new process to make by injection a biodegradable, compostable and recyclable object in remarkable conditions of economy.
- Another object of the invention is to manufacture an object which has a good mechanical resistance, compatible with uses (small packages or packaging such as cups, jars, small containers, small objects of everyday life ).
- “Sunflower or rapeseed cake” means the residue solid oil extraction from sunflower seeds or whole rapeseed or shelled, irrespective of the means of extraction (pressing, extraction at solvent %), this oil extraction being total or partial but lowering the weight content in oil of the product below the above-mentioned threshold of 25%.
- the residual oil of the cake has a rather unfavorable effect on the qualities of the objects obtained, in particular on their mechanical properties, and one advantageously uses a sunflower or rapeseed meal exhausted in oil, that is to say containing not more than 2% oil, especially from the trituration and solvent extraction of seeds sunflower or rapeseed. It limits or eliminates the forces of hydrophobic repulsions that tend to oppose the association fiber / protein.
- a cake with a degree of hydration that is appreciably between 20% and 40% is heated to a temperature between 30 ° C and 100 ° C, then is sent into a mold heated to a temperature between 90 ° C and 140 ° C.
- This injection mode is relatively slow implementation and its optimization requires a of high hydration, to achieve low temperature to obtain a viscous state or pasty meal allowing its injection into the mold in good conditions.
- injection cold mold using a cake having a degree of hydration substantially between 2% and 15%, and before the injection, said cake is heated to a temperature between 110 ° C and 200 ° C, then sent under pressure in a mold cold or having a temperature below 65 ° C.
- This mode of injection is commonly used for synthetic plastics and allows for very high rates. Tests have shown that in this mold injection cold, a moisture content of the meal substantially between 5% and 15% gives good results, especially avoiding the formation of pockets of steam and reducing material shrinkage during cooling, which leads to more precise forms.
- the sunflower or rapeseed meal is previously subjected to a mechanical treatment of division and homogenization to confer the previously defined particle size distribution; preferably, this treatment is carried out so that the median diameter D 50 of the particles is substantially between 0.2 mm and 0.7 mm, and the cutoff diameter D 95 is less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
- cut-off diameter D 95 is meant a diameter such that 5% of the particles by weight are stopped by a vibrating screen having a mesh size equal to said diameter.
- Such a distribution may in particular be obtained by passage of the cake in a bi-screw device which ensures a division, a homogenisation and, where appropriate, partial or complete deoiling of the latter, to lead to a better quality of the injected objects (better mechanical resistance, fewer defects and removal of material).
- the bi-screw device may be chosen to ensure the complete deoiling of cakes (without other oil extraction operation) or, conversely, be coupled downstream of a conventional extraction press providing de-oiling or a part of this one.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to manufacture objects biodegradable, compostable and recyclable forms, essentially consisting of of a protein matrix reinforced with vegetable fibers oriented according to one or preferred directions and having substantially flexural strength between 3 and 30 megapascals.
- the bi-screw device shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used to carry out the preliminary preparation of the cake after deoiling; this device is obtained from modules marketed by the Company "CLEXTRAL” (registered trademark) under the general reference "BC45".
- Each module comprises a double-walled tubular enclosure 1 and 2 which allows a thermal regulation of the heart of the enclosure where the active organs are housed.
- Some modules are of the type comprising two identical copenhagen screws, others of the type comprising shear mixers composed of disks bilobes or mixing discs.
- the various modules are rotated synchronously by an electric motor 3 to obtain a speed of rotation of its output shaft up to 700 rpm. In the examples, the rotational speed chosen varies from 100 rpm to 200 rpm.
- the injection press symbolized in FIG. 3 is a press of 90t, comprising a feed hopper 15, an endless screw of conveying and pressurizing 16, a pressure injection nose 17 and a mold 18 of known type, opening by cylinders.
- two-screw expression sunflower cake is used, the composition of which is as follows: % hydration rate % minerals / MS % proteins / MS % lipids / MS % cellulose / MS % lignin / MS % hemicellulose / MS % phenolic compounds / MS 10.8 5.2 26.7 25 16.7 3.9 14.9 4.3
- the rotational speed of the screws is equal to 100 revolutions per minute and the temperature of the device is regulated and maintained at 100 ° C.
- the flow of raw material injected at the head is close to 24 kg / h.
- the hydrated material produced has a final moisture content of 24%, a median equivalent diameter D 50 of 0.35 mm (dry measurement) and a cutoff diameter D 95 of 0.8 mm. It is in the form of a homogeneous friable paste.
- the shaping is carried out using the injection molding machine described.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Description
- ledit tourteau est au moins partiellement déshuilé de sorte que sa teneur pondérale en huile est inférieure à 25 %,
- ledit tourteau est hydraté de façon à présenter un taux d'hydratation sensiblement compris entre 2 % et 40 %,
- ledit tourteau présente une répartition granulométrique telle que le diamètre médian D50 de ses particules soit compris entre 0,1 mm et 1,2 mm,
- les particules des constituants protéique et fibreux dudit tourteau sont dispersées de façon sensiblement homogène.
- la figure 1 est une représentation longitudinale symbolique dudit dispositif bi-vis,
- la figure 2 en est une coupe transversale par un plan A,
- la figure 3 est un schéma symbolique de la presse à injecter utilisée dans les exemples.
- une zone de convoyage et mise en pression Z1, comprenant une trémie 4 d'alimentation en tourteaux, des modules de bi-vis à pas direct décroissants tels que 5, et un conduit 6 doté d'une pompe 7 pour l'injection d'eau et/ou d'un solvant alcoolique,
- une zone de cisaillement Z2, comprenant un ou des malaxeurs à disques bilobes tels que 8,
- une zone d'écrasement et mise en pression Z3, combinant des modules d'écrasement constitués par des modules de bi-vis à pas direct tels que 9, avec un pas décroissant d'amont vers l'aval, un ou des modules de bi-vis à pas inversés 10 pour réaliser une compression axiale des matières,
- des moyens de soutirage de la phase liquide situés au niveau de la zone Z3 et combinant un filtre 11 et une sortie de liquide 12 (mis en service dans le cas où un déshuilage complémentaire des tourteaux est recherché),
- et une zone terminale de recueil des matières solides Z4, comprenant des modules de bi-vis à pas direct 13 et une sortie 14 des matières (tourteaux prêts à l'injection).
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.8 | 5.2 | 26.7 | 25 | 16.7 | 3.9 | 14.9 | 4.3 |
- la température maximum dans la vis 16 (Tv),
- la température du moule (Tm),
- la pression limite d'injection (Pli),
- les pression de maintien (Pm1, Pm2),
- la durée des pressions de maintien (t1, t2),
- la durée de solidification (ts).
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | Pli(b) | Pm1(b) | Pm2(b) | t1(s) | t2(s) | ts(s) |
103 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 50 | 90 |
Flexion (Mpa) | Traction (Mpa) | ||
Résistance | Module de Young | Résistance | Module de Young |
3.5 ± 0.5 | 497 ± 40 | 1.2 ± 0.17 | 110 ± 3 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.8 | 5.2 | 26.7 | 25 | 16.7 | 3.9 | 14.9 | 4.3 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | Pli(b) | Pm1(b) | Pm2(b) | t1(s), t2(s), ts(s) |
40 | 190 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 35 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
5.12 | 1147 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.0 | 7.0 | 35.6 | 1.0 | 22.3 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 5.7 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | Pli(b) | Pm1(b) | t1(s) | ts(s) |
65 | 115 | 110 | 100 | 5 | 13 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
14,1 | 2156 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.0 | 7.0 | 35.6 | 1.0 | 22.3 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 5.7 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | Pli(b) | Pm1(b) | t1(s) | ts(s) |
56 | 115 | 110 | 40 | 5 | 13 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
21,3 | 2531 |
Claims (10)
- Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection, dans lequel on amène par chauffage une matière première à l'état de liquide visqueux ou pâteux, on injecte celle-ci sous pression dans un moule et on effectue un démoulage de la matière durcie, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise, comme matière première, un tourteau de tournesol ou colza présentant les caractéristiques suivantes :ledit tourteau est au moins partiellement déshuilé de sorte que sa teneur pondérale en huile est inférieure à 25 %,ledit tourteau est hydraté de façon à présenter un taux d'hydratation sensiblement compris entre 2 % et 40 %,ledit tourteau présente une répartition granulométrique telle que le diamètre médian D50 de ses particules soit compris entre 0,1 mm et 1,2 mm,les particules des constituants protéique et fibreux dudit tourteau sont dispersées de façon sensiblement homogène.
- Procédé d'injection selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau de tournesol ou colza épuisé en huile, contenant au plus 2 % d'huile, en particulier issu de la trituration de graines de tournesol ou colza.
- Procédé d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau présentant un taux d'hydratation sensiblement compris entre 2 % et 15 %, ledit tourteau étant chauffé à une température comprise entre 110° C et 200° C et envoyé sous pression dans un moule froid ou présentant une température inférieure à 65° C.
- Procédé d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau présentant un taux d'hydratation sensiblement compris entre 20 % et 40 %, ledit tourteau étant chauffé à une température comprise entre 30° C et 100° C et envoyé sous pression dans un moule chauffé à une température comprise entre 90°C et 140° C.
- Procédé d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau de graines de tournesol ou colza décortiquées.
- Procédé d'injection selon l'une des revendications 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau de tournesol ou colza enrichi de protéines végétales.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau présentant une répartition granulométrique telle que le diamètre médian D50 de ses particules soit compris entre 0,2 mm et 0,7 mm, et le diamètre de coupure D95 soit inférieur ou égal à 0,8 mm.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un tourteau divisé, homogénéisé et au moins partiellement déshuilé par passage des graines de tournesol ou colza dans un dispositif bi-vis.
- Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel on utilise un dispositif bi-vis comprenant, d'amont en aval, le cas échéant des moyens (6, 7) d'injection d'eau et/ou d'un solvant alcoolique, une zone de cisaillement (Z2) comprenant au moins un malaxeur de cisaillement (8), une zone d'écrasement et mise en pression (Z3), des moyens (11, 12) de soutirage de la phase liquide, au moins un module à pas inversés (10) pour réaliser une compression axiale des matières solides, et une sortie (14) des matières solides.
- Objet moulé biodégradable, compostable et recyclable, susceptible d'être fabriqué par mise en oeuvre de procédé d'injection conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est essentiellement constitué d'une matrice protéique renforcée par des fibres végétales orientées selon une ou des directions privilégiées et en ce qu'il présente une résistance à la flexion sensiblement comprise entre 3 et 30 mégapascals.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9811551A FR2784046B1 (fr) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Procede de moulage d'un objet par injection a partir de matiere premiere vegetale |
FR9811551 | 1998-09-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0988948A1 EP0988948A1 (fr) | 2000-03-29 |
EP0988948B1 true EP0988948B1 (fr) | 2005-04-27 |
Family
ID=9530491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99390018A Expired - Lifetime EP0988948B1 (fr) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-14 | Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0988948B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE294052T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69924937T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2242358T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2784046B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2002216190A1 (en) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-18 | Clextral | Expanded product made of biodegradable material and method and installation for continuously making same |
FR2817501B1 (fr) * | 2000-12-06 | 2003-07-25 | Clextral | Procede et installation de fabrication en continu d'un produit de calage expanse en matiere biodegradable |
CN106522010A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-22 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | 秸秆生物酶法制浆输送用降解槽 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0039957B1 (fr) * | 1980-05-14 | 1985-10-02 | Bühler AG | Procédé d'extrusion |
GB2265150A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-22 | Brian Harmer | Composition containing sub-divided straw or other agricultural fibres |
US5523293A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-04 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Soy protein-based thermoplastic composition for preparing molded articles |
US5685218A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-11-11 | The French Oil Mill Machinery Co. | Method for treating oil-bearing material |
FR2747128B1 (fr) * | 1996-04-05 | 1998-06-05 | Toulousaine De Rech Et De Dev | Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication d'esters d'acides gras a partir de graines oleagineuses |
-
1998
- 1998-09-16 FR FR9811551A patent/FR2784046B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-14 AT AT99390018T patent/ATE294052T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-14 ES ES99390018T patent/ES2242358T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 EP EP99390018A patent/EP0988948B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 DE DE69924937T patent/DE69924937T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2784046A1 (fr) | 2000-04-07 |
DE69924937T2 (de) | 2006-03-09 |
ATE294052T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
DE69924937D1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
EP0988948A1 (fr) | 2000-03-29 |
ES2242358T3 (es) | 2005-11-01 |
FR2784046B1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 |
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