EP0988948A1 - Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale - Google Patents
Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0988948A1 EP0988948A1 EP99390018A EP99390018A EP0988948A1 EP 0988948 A1 EP0988948 A1 EP 0988948A1 EP 99390018 A EP99390018 A EP 99390018A EP 99390018 A EP99390018 A EP 99390018A EP 0988948 A1 EP0988948 A1 EP 0988948A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cake
- sunflower
- injection
- mold
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of molding an object by injection of the type in which a raw material is brought by heating to the state of viscous or pasty liquid, it is injected under pressure into a mold and the hardened material is removed from the mold.
- the invention aims to take advantage of the performance of these injection processes (high rates, absence handling, various forms obtained) to manufacture objects which, while benefiting from durability and stability characteristics compatible with their function, are biodegradable, compostable and recyclable.
- biodegradable means that said object is capable of being degraded at least for the most part by natural microorganisms when put in the appropriate conditions, without release of toxic products for the ecosystem, and on a scale of a few weeks to a few months.
- postable means an object which, divided, homogenized and mixed with organic matter and / or soil, provides a non-toxic nutritious substrate for plants.
- recyclable is meant an object whose material can be reused to form an object of the same range.
- the present invention proposes to overcome the disadvantages of known methods and to indicate a new method allowing to manufacture by injection a biodegradable, compostable and recyclable object in remarkable savings conditions.
- Another object of the invention is to manufacture an object which has good mechanical resistance, compatible with uses common (small packages or packaging such as cups, pots, small containers, small objects of everyday life ).
- “Sunflower or rapeseed meal” means the residue solid oil extract from whole sunflower or rapeseed or shelled, whatever the means of extraction (pressing, extraction solvent %), this oil extraction can be total or partial but lowering the oil content by weight of the product below the above-mentioned threshold of 25%.
- diameter D 50 is meant a diameter such that 50% of the particles by weight pass through a vibrating screen having a mesh of side equal to said diameter. (All particle size measurements are made on dry matter). (All weight contents are expressed as a percentage relative to the weight of dry matter; the hydration rate is expressed relative to the total matter).
- the residual oil from oil cake has a rather unfavorable effect on the qualities of the objects obtained, in particular on their mechanical properties, and advantageously a sunflower or rapeseed meal exhausted in oil, that is to say containing at most 2% oil, especially from crushing and solvent extraction of seeds sunflower or rapeseed.
- a sunflower or rapeseed meal exhausted in oil that is to say containing at most 2% oil, especially from crushing and solvent extraction of seeds sunflower or rapeseed.
- injection hot mold using a cake having a substantially hydration rate between 20% and 40%, and before injection, said cake is heated to a temperature between 30 ° C and 100 ° C, then sent to a mold heated to a temperature between 90 ° C and 140 ° C.
- This injection mode is of relatively slow implementation and its optimization requires a rate high hydration, to achieve a viscous state at low temperature or cake cake allowing its injection into the mold in good conditions.
- injection cold mold using a cake having a substantially hydration rate between 2% and 15%, and, before injection, said cake is heated to a temperature between 110 ° C and 200 ° C, then sent under pressure to a mold cold or with a temperature below 65 ° C.
- This injection mode is commonly used for synthetic plastics and allows very high rates. Tests have shown that in this mold injection cold, a cake hydration rate appreciably between 5% and 15% gives good results, in particular avoiding the formation of pockets of vapor and reducing the shrinkage of material on cooling, which leads to more precise shapes.
- the sunflower or rapeseed meal is subjected beforehand to a mechanical treatment of division and homogenization to give it the particle size distribution previously defined; preferably, this treatment is carried out so that the median diameter D 50 of the particles is substantially between 0.2 mm and 0.7 mm, and the cut-off diameter D 95 is less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
- cut-off diameter D 95 is meant a diameter such that 5% of the particles by weight are stopped by a vibrating screen having a mesh of side equal to said diameter.
- twin-screw device which ensures a division, a homogenization and, where appropriate, partial or complete de-oiling thereof, capable of leading to a better quality of the objects injected (better mechanical resistance, less defects and shrinkage of material).
- the twin-screw device can optionally be chosen to ensure complete oil removal of oil cake (without any other oil extraction operation) or, on the contrary, be coupled downstream of a conventional extraction press ensuring de-oiling or part of this one.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to manufacture objects biodegradable, compostable and recyclable models, essentially made a protein matrix reinforced by plant fibers oriented according to one or preferred directions and having a substantially flexural strength between 3 and 30 megapascals.
- the twin-screw device shown diagrammatically in Figures 1 and 2 is used to prepare the oil cakes after oil removal; this device is obtained from modules marketed by the Company "CLEXTRAL” (registered trademark) under the general reference "BC45".
- Each module includes a double wall tubular enclosure 1 and 2 which allows a thermal regulation of the core of the enclosure where the active organs are housed.
- Some modules are of the type comprising two identical co-penetrating screws, others of the type comprising shear mixers composed of discs bilobes or mixing discs.
- the various modules are rotated in synchronism by an electric motor 3 making it possible to obtain a speed of rotation of its output shaft up to 700 rpm. In the examples, the rotational speed chosen varies from 100 rpm to 200 rpm.
- the injection molding machine symbolized in Figure 3 is a press 90t, comprising a cake feed hopper 15, an endless screw conveying and pressurizing 16, a pressurized injection nose 17 and a mold 18 of known type, with opening by jacks.
- two-screw sunflower meal is used, the composition of which is as follows: % hydration rate % minerals / MS % protein / DM % lipids / DM % cellulose / MS % lignin / MS % hemicellulose / MS % phenolic compounds / MS 10.8 5.2 26.7 25 16.7 3.9 14.9 4.3
- the screw rotation speed is equal to 100 revolutions per minute and the device temperature is regulated and maintained at 100 ° C.
- the flow of raw material injected at the head is close to 24 kg / h.
- the hydrated material produced has a final moisture content of 24%, an equivalent median diameter D 50 of 0.35 mm (dry measurement) and a cut-off diameter D 95 of 0.8 mm. It is in the form of a homogeneous friable paste.
- the injection is carried out using the injection press described figure 3.
- the formed parts are standardized test pieces of dumbbell type lA (ISO 527) used for the measurement of tensile strength, rectangular pieces 60x10x4mm used for resistance measurements in bending and 90mm diameter discs.
- Maturation is carried out at 50 ° C for 12 hours.
- the shrinkage observed during maturation is 1.4% over the large dimension of the rectangular part.
- two-screw expression cake is used, the composition of which is as follows: % hydration rate % minerals / MS % protein / DM % lipids / DM % cellulose / MS % lignin / MS % hemicellulose / MS % phenolic compounds / MS 10.8 5.2 26.7 25 16.7 3.9 14.9 4.3
- the material does not undergo additional hydration or homogenization. It has a humidity rate of 9%, a D 50 of 0.35 mm and a D 95 of 0.8 mm. It comes in a powder form.
- the shaping is carried out using the injection press described ( Figure 3).
- the parts formed are the same as those described in Example 1. Maturation is done in the same way as in Example 1. The shrinkage during maturation is very low and cannot be assessed reliable.
- oil cake exhausted from the crushing of sunflower seeds is used, the composition of which is as follows: % hydration rate % minerals / MS % protein / DM % lipids / DM % cellulose / MS % lignin / MS % hemicellulose / MS % phenolic compounds / MS 10.0 7.0 35.6 1.0 22.3 5.2 18.5 5.7
- the D 50 of the material is equal to 0.65 and its D 95 to 2.
- the screw rotation speed is 200 revolutions per minute and the device temperature is regulated and maintained at 100 ° C.
- the flow of raw material injected at the head is close to 23 kg / h.
- the hydrated material produced has a final moisture content of 5% and, when dry, a D 50 of 0.4 mm and a D 95 of 0.7 mm. It comes in the form of a crumbly paste.
- the shaping is carried out using the injection press described.
- the formed parts are similar to those described in Example 1.
- the shrinkage observed during maturation is 1.7% over the length of the rectangular part and 3% across its width.
- composition of the raw material is Composition of the raw material:
- oil cake exhausted from the crushing of sunflower seeds is used, the composition of which is as follows: % hydration rate % minerals / MS % protein / DM % lipids / DM % cellulose / MS % lignin / MS % hemicellulose / MS % phenolic compounds / MS 10.0 7.0 35.6 1.0 22.3 5.2 18.5 5.7
- the D 50 of the material is equal to 0.65 and its D 95 to 2.
- the screw rotation speed is 200 revolutions per minute and the device temperature is regulated and maintained at 100 ° C.
- the flow of raw material injected at the head is close to 25 kg / h.
- the material produced has a final moisture content of 2% and, when dry, a D 50 of 0.4 mm and a D 95 of 0.7 mm. It comes in the form of a crumbly paste.
- the shaping is carried out using the injection press described.
- the formed parts are similar to those described in Example 1.
- the shrinkage observed during maturation is 2.9% over the length of the rectangular part and 3.8% across its width.
Abstract
Description
- ledit tourteau est au moins partiellement déshuilé de sorte que sa teneur pondérale en huile est inférieure à 25 %,
- ledit tourteau est hydraté de façon à présenter un taux d'hydratation sensiblement compris entre 2 % et 40 %,
- ledit tourteau présente une répartition granulométrique telle que le diamètre médian D50 de ses particules soit compris entre 0,1 mm et 1,2 mm,
- les particules des constituants protéique et fibreux dudit tourteau sont dispersées de façon sensiblement homogène.
- la figure 1 est une représentation longitudinale symbolique dudit dispositif bi-vis,
- la figure 2 en est une coupe transversale par un plan A,
- la figure 3 est un schéma symbolique de la presse à injecter utilisée dans les exemples.
- une zone de convoyage et mise en pression Z1, comprenant une trémie 4 d'alimentation en tourteaux, des modules de bi-vis à pas direct décroissants tels que 5, et un conduit 6 doté d'une pompe 7 pour l'injection d'eau et/ou d'un solvant alcoolique,
- une zone de cisaillement Z2, comprenant un ou des malaxeurs à disques bilobes tels que 8,
- une zone d'écrasement et mise en pression Z3, combinant des modules d'écrasement constitués par des modules de bi-vis à pas direct tels que 9, avec un pas décroissant d'amont vers l'aval, un ou des modules de bi-vis à pas inversés 10 pour réaliser une compression axiale des matières,
- des moyens de soutirage de la phase liquide situés au niveau de la zone Z3 et combinant un filtre 11 et une sortie de liquide 12 (mis en service dans le cas où un déshuilage complémentaire des tourteaux est recherché),
- et une zone terminale de recueil des matières solides Z4, comprenant des modules de bi-vis à pas direct 13 et une sortie 14 des matières (tourteaux prêts à l'injection).
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.8 | 5.2 | 26.7 | 25 | 16.7 | 3.9 | 14.9 | 4.3 |
- la température maximum dans la vis 16 (Tv),
- la température du moule (Tm),
- la pression limite d'injection (P1i),
- les pression de maintien (Pm1, Pm2),
- la durée des pressions de maintien (t1, t2),
- la durée de solidification (ts).
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | P1i(b) | Pm1(b) | Pm2(b) | t1(s) | t2(s) | ts(s) |
103 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 50 | 90 |
Flexion (Mpa) | Traction (Mpa) | ||
Résistance | Module de Young | Résistance | Module de Young |
3.5 ± 0.5 | 497 ± 40 | 1.2 ± 0.17 | 110 ± 3 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.8 | 5.2 | 26.7 | 25 | 16.7 | 3.9 | 14.9 | 4.3 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | P1i(b) | Pm1(b) | Pm2(b) | t1(s), t2(s), ts(s) |
40 | 190 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 35 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
5.12 | 1147 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.0 | 7.0 | 35.6 | 1.0 | 22.3 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 5.7 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | P1i(b) | Pm1(b) | t1(s) | ts(s) |
65 | 115 | 110 | 100 | 5 | 13 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
14,1 | 2156 |
% taux d'hydratation | % minéraux/MS | % protéines/MS | % lipides/MS | % cellulose/MS | % lignine/MS | % hemicellulose/MS | % composés phénoliques/MS |
10.0 | 7.0 | 35.6 | 1.0 | 22.3 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 5.7 |
Tm(°C) | Tv(°C) | P1i(b) | Pm1(b) | t1(s) | ts(s) |
56 | 115 | 110 | 40 | 5 | 13 |
Résistance (MPa) | Module de Young (MPa) |
21,3 | 2531 |
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9811551A FR2784046B1 (fr) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Procede de moulage d'un objet par injection a partir de matiere premiere vegetale |
FR9811551 | 1998-09-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0988948A1 true EP0988948A1 (fr) | 2000-03-29 |
EP0988948B1 EP0988948B1 (fr) | 2005-04-27 |
Family
ID=9530491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99390018A Expired - Lifetime EP0988948B1 (fr) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-14 | Procédé de moulage d'un objet par injection à partir de matière première végétale |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0988948B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE294052T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69924937T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2242358T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2784046B1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2817501A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-07 | Clextral | Procede et installation de fabrication en continu d'un produit de calage expanse en matiere biodegradable |
WO2002046295A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-13 | Clextral | Produit expanse en matiere biodegradable et procede et installation de fabrication en continu d'un tel produit |
CN106522010A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-22 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | 秸秆生物酶法制浆输送用降解槽 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0039957A2 (fr) * | 1980-05-14 | 1981-11-18 | Bühler AG | Procédé d'extrusion |
GB2265150A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-22 | Brian Harmer | Composition containing sub-divided straw or other agricultural fibres |
US5523293A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-04 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Soy protein-based thermoplastic composition for preparing molded articles |
FR2747128A1 (fr) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-10 | Toulousaine De Rech Et De Dev | Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication d'esters d'acides gras a partir de graines oleagineuses |
US5685218A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-11-11 | The French Oil Mill Machinery Co. | Method for treating oil-bearing material |
-
1998
- 1998-09-16 FR FR9811551A patent/FR2784046B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-14 ES ES99390018T patent/ES2242358T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 EP EP99390018A patent/EP0988948B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 DE DE69924937T patent/DE69924937T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-14 AT AT99390018T patent/ATE294052T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0039957A2 (fr) * | 1980-05-14 | 1981-11-18 | Bühler AG | Procédé d'extrusion |
GB2265150A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-22 | Brian Harmer | Composition containing sub-divided straw or other agricultural fibres |
US5523293A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-04 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Soy protein-based thermoplastic composition for preparing molded articles |
US5685218A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-11-11 | The French Oil Mill Machinery Co. | Method for treating oil-bearing material |
FR2747128A1 (fr) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-10 | Toulousaine De Rech Et De Dev | Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication d'esters d'acides gras a partir de graines oleagineuses |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2817501A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-07 | Clextral | Procede et installation de fabrication en continu d'un produit de calage expanse en matiere biodegradable |
WO2002046295A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-13 | Clextral | Produit expanse en matiere biodegradable et procede et installation de fabrication en continu d'un tel produit |
CN106522010A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-22 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | 秸秆生物酶法制浆输送用降解槽 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0988948B1 (fr) | 2005-04-27 |
ES2242358T3 (es) | 2005-11-01 |
DE69924937D1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
ATE294052T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
FR2784046A1 (fr) | 2000-04-07 |
FR2784046B1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 |
DE69924937T2 (de) | 2006-03-09 |
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