EP0984114B1 - Double layer roofing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A twin layered roofing system, especially for flat roofs and roofs slanted up to 15 degrees, comprises a supporting shell with a heat insulating layer (2) on top. A wind barrier is located between the shell and the heat insulating layer. Fixing elements for the insulating layer are located between the roof shell (3) and the upper shell.

Description

The invention relates to a two-shell roof system, in particular for flat and flat inclined roofs up to 15 ° inclination, consisting of a supporting roof shell, a arranged on the roof shell thermal barrier coating, a roof seal and a above the thermal barrier layer disposed roof top shell, wherein the thermal barrier over overlying the thermal barrier layer profile elements and used screws is connected to the roof shell.

The two-shell roof systems in question here are as warm-roof constructions trained and have a roof shell as a supporting substructure on. This roof shell may consist of profiled sheet metal elements. But they are also known as roof shells made of reinforced in-situ concrete, concrete, aerated concrete elements, Shuttering, panels of wood-based materials or the like exist. On the roof shell is a thermal barrier coating, in particular mineral wool insulation or polystyrene rigid foam insulation boards on, with between the thermal barrier coating and the roof shell usually a vapor barrier Windbreak is arranged. This steam-braking wind barrier is especially at permeable roof shells necessary. Above the thermal barrier coating is finally provided a seal in the form of bituminous sheets or plastic films, which is covered by a roof top shell. This roof top shell may consist of sheet steel elements, for example galvanized, aluminized, coated, remains, copper-plated, tin-plated, chrome-plated and / or nickel-plated. Also find copper, titanium zinc, aluminum-brass, stainless steel and Lead sheets use. The attachment of the roof top shell takes place in a known per se Way about sticking, which is usually at the crossing points of adjacent sheets are engaged in corresponding recesses and on the other hand are fastened directly in the roof shell.

The thermal barrier coating is due to the required mounting along with the roof seal increasingly by means of screws on the Roof shell attached. Here, according to the width of the bituminous or plastic sheets single screws together with small pressure plates screwed through the insulating layer into the roof shell or pinched in pre-drilled holes. The fixing screws can anchored in the roof shell with the help of metal or plastic dowels become. In addition, it is customary, the insulating layer by means of applied Metal rails to attach to the roof shell, with the metal rails in turn be connected via screws with the roof shell. These Metal rails have become stronger especially in border areas Windsog proven.

Since such roof systems must be accessible for maintenance purposes, impact-resistant heat insulation materials are used, the permanently required minimum compressive stress being 30 kN / m ² . In order to prevent when walking and when the compressive strength of the insulating layer, that rigidly anchored in the ground screws pierce the roof seal, the screws have double thread, in which a screw plate gets stuck. The numerous screws, together with the metal pressure-compensating screw-type plates, form significant heat bridges - of the order of approx. 0.06 W / K - which reduce the thermal resistance of the roof structure. Since dewing water regularly forms on the screw heads or in the area of the screw plate and the screw tips, the fastening elements must be protected against corrosion, since otherwise the stability of the roof structure could be impaired.

The above-mentioned sheets for the roof top shell can be self-supporting be educated. These profiled flat sheets, if necessary are provided with flat beads, are about different fold or groin training connected with each other. For the frequently used seam connections Tin plates are over the sticks on the supporting roof shell anchored. The sticks here are sheet metal sections or extruded profiles, the rigid or with sliding elements on the supporting Roof shell to be attached and which together with the individual Blechscharren be salted. The number of sticks per meter and the respective Distance to each other depends on the material, the width of the Scharre and example the wind suction stresses of the roof construction.

Previously described roof structures have at least two significant disadvantages. For one thing, the large number of massive Adhesive metal formed correspondingly large thermal bridges that the Effect of the insulating layer can be reduced by up to 25%. Because the clinging during the laying of the insulating material, especially of Dämmfilzen frequently not carefully packed in the insulating material, but more or are less free, accumulates on them condensation, which in the insulating layer penetrate and wet them in unfavorable cases. Thereby Conditional corrosion damage can possibly increase the stability negatively affect the roof structure. In addition, diminished even a partial moistening the insulating effect of the insulation layer. When using compressible insulating felt between the roof shell and the roof top shell, the roof construction is not necessarily walkable. There is then the risk of overloading the folds adjacent plates with permanent deformation, these deformations bring the risk of opening the Falzverbindungen with it. Of the Last disadvantage of such roof structures can be through the use of impact-resistant insulating materials significantly reduce. The usage of Adhering to the connection between the roof shell and the roof top shell But in any case has the disadvantage that a homogeneous and continuous Insulation layer usually due to on the construction sites prevailing conditions is not achievable. Usually it stops the construction sites the required joint-tight connection of the mineral wool insulating layer panels to the sticks. When using polystyrene foam In contrast, there is the problem of expansion of this Material.

From EP 0 685 612 B1 is a substructure for clam shell roof systems known with a support structure. On the support structure is a thermal barrier coating arranged, the over distance profiles with the support structure connected is. The spacer profiles are so far embedded in the thermal barrier coating, that they form a flat mounting surface on which the sealing Upper shell rests and can be attached. As distance profiles elongated U-profiles are used, whose webs the mounting surfaces form, while the right angles bent legs in the thermal barrier coating are admitted. Such spacer profiles are made of metal and put together with the mounting screws of the roof top shell Thermal bridges that negatively affect the thermal insulation of the roof system.

Another roof system is known from DE 38 17 238 A1. In this previously known roof system is an insulating layer on a corrugated tray applied. The insulating layer consists of polystyrene foam boards, in the surface grooves are cut. By the corresponding arrangement of the insulation boards have the grooves regular Distances on. In the grooves wooden strips are inserted, which by means of Screws are attached to the corrugated tray. As a result, take action the screws the insulation boards and represent a thermal bridge. In the previously known from this document roof system is to a single-shell roof system, the arrangement of a roof top shell does not provide.

Furthermore, from SE 408 567 a roof structure with a on the support layer resting insulating layer, in particular made of polystyrene foam boards known. In the surface of these insulation boards are in Periodically grooves grooved into the elongated stiffening components are inserted in the form of rod-shaped strips. The strips are connected by screws with the support layer, so that in this Case the screws penetrate the insulation layer and a thermal bridge represent. In particular, according to this prior art wood strips provided, since this publication of a gluing the same speaks.

From DE 196 47 934 A1 is also a fastener for a Warm roof construction, in particular of profiled roof elements, preferably known from sheet metal, wherein the profiled roof elements on a Structure are placed with a hard thermal barrier coating. The fastener consists of a relatively small, essentially the pressure distribution serving sheet metal piece with a central recess for the sinking the head of the connecting bolt with the structure. The stick-like Holder for the roof top shell, namely the profiled roof elements is fixed either with a central screw or with a central screw Roof element welded, riveted or partially punched out formed the roof element. The thermal barrier layer must be compliant so far be formed so that the roof elements connected to the structure can be.

Furthermore, DE 37 05 523 A1 discloses a roof with roof support structure, in which the sustainability of the thermal barrier coating permanently ensured should be. After this document is provided, fixing screws in To use a plastic sleeve, the so thin-walled and randlich sharp is formed so that they punched with little effort in the insulation can be introduced. Furthermore, the plastic sleeve should Carry pressure plate so that the screw head does not bear against the roof seal press and perforate it. A major disadvantage of this solution is that the plastic sleeve with the fastening screw used ventilation ducts punched into the thermal barrier coating, through which the hot air can flow out of the room interior. On the other side exists also the risk that cold air into the area of the supporting roof shells can get. Both effects lead to structural disadvantages.

Finally, from DE 80 31 706 U1 a spacer profile for Dacheindekkungen made of a thermoplastic known with a Roofing made of thermoplastic film can be welded or glued. The Distance profiles, which are hollow inside, are on the roof shell put on and with this by metal screws or metal nails connected. The height of the distance profiles corresponds to the material thickness the two adjacent to each spacer profile thermal insulation panels. Two laterally projecting arms of the distance profiles lie on the adjacent Thermal insulation panels on and form the welding area between the distance profiles and the film. These distance profiles thus have the task of avoiding a connection of the foil to the thermal insulation panels, since such a compound only in a technically complex manner then can be made if already the thermal insulation panels accordingly on a production with a thermoplastic thermoplastic film are prepared. For the rest, however, the distance profiles provide ducts between adjacent thermal insulation panels, through which either warm Air is discharged from inside the room or cold air is introduced into the room can be. The screws and / or nails used lead to the corresponding Temperature exchange between the room interior and the environment.

From US 4,987,714 A1 a roof system is further known, which consists of a supporting Roof shell, one on the roof shell arranged thermal barrier coating and a roof seal, wherein the thermal barrier over on the Thermal insulation layer resting profile element and screws used with the Roof shell is connected

Finally, DE 295 16 432 U1 discloses a two-shell roof system with a Connection of the roof top shell with the roof shell by T-profiles, which are between located adjacent insulating panels. As a result, this describes Prior art, a roof system with profile elements between the Dämmelementen a thermal barrier layer arranged and with screws to the roof shell are connected.

The entire state of the art thus has the disadvantage of the use of metallic Profiles on. Due to the high temperature differences below the Roof waterproofing, namely the roof top shell, it comes regularly to condensation. The amounts of dew water are greater, the greater the free space below the roof seal is or the easier the air exchange between the environment and the space between the roof shell and roof top shell is. Through the surface the insulating material embedded metal profiles or by the fasteners between the roof shell and the roof top shell can be condensation in Collect recesses and attack both the insulation and corrosion damage cause on the rails or fasteners, which Corrosion damage can preclude the accessibility of the roof system.

Based on the detailed state of the art, it is therefore the task the present invention to provide a two-shell roof system, which at Avoiding thermal bridges allows good thermal insulation, taking a ensures simple and cost-effective construction of a walk-in roof system is.

The solution to this problem provides that the roof top shell and the Connecting roof shell and between the roof top shell and the roof shell arranged profile elements and screws made of pressure-resistant and low heat-conducting Plastics formed or coated with low thermal conductivity plastics are and that in cross-section T-, Z- or U-shaped profile elements Out of one in a narrow one, far above in a roof system possible temperature range thermoplastic behaving plastic.

According to the invention it is thus provided that between the roof top shell and the Roof shell only such fasteners, such as rails, sticking and screw elements are used, interrupted in the thermal bridges become. For example, there is the possibility of sticking to the profile elements set up and connect the profile elements via screws with the roof shell, the heat flow between the roof top shell and the roof shell, for example by using plastic and / or profile elements made of plastic and / or fixing screws made of plastic is interrupted.

According to a further feature of the invention it is therefore provided that the roof top shell via adhesion, preferably in L-shaped profiling, with the profile elements is connected, which stick at least partially from a tough and pressure-resistant plastic, in particular made of polyamide.

Furthermore, the profile elements consist of a narrow, far above the in a roof system possible temperature range thermoplastic behaving Plastic, in particular of polyamide or its varieties.

It has proven to be advantageous to form the fiber reinforced fiber, in particular by the use of short fibers, preferably glass, aramid, Carbon, cellulose and / or viscose. To increase the stability of the fasteners used, can these have a metal core, which is coated with plastic. Also in this case will be a significant reduction of thermal bridges allows, while the accessibility of the roof system by the Use of a metal core having adhesion is improved.

The fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastics are particularly sprayable or in the form of nonwovens, fabrics, Rohvings or combinations thereof intended.

Preferably, the profile elements in cross section T, Z or U-shaped designed to make a good connection with the heat-insulating layer to be fastened to enable. For this purpose, it is advantageous that the profile elements resting on the thermal barrier coating or in corresponding recesses, which are previously milled, can be used. A move the thermal barrier coating plates is substantially in this embodiment prevented. The profile elements are in this case form-fitting with the thermal barrier coating panels connected in which the thermal barrier coating in their the roof top surface facing surface has recesses whose Contours match the outer contours of the profile elements.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the profile elements from a polyolefin elastomer, subsequently gummed fabric tapes and / or rubber bands or rubber profiles with glass, steel, Reyon and / or polyamide fibers exist. Such profile elements are sufficiently rigid and can thus pressure-balancing, in particular with co-act such insulating materials, which at elevated loads, for example committing the roof system strength losses due to from moisturizing. In the case of pressure-resistant insulating materials anchoring becomes rather, burdened by wind suction, i. the profiles must be before everything be sufficiently tensile strength, which also by the use of the above said profile elements is enabled.

The band-like profile elements are preferably in the range of at least one Surface ribbed formed, the rib-like formation of the Surface of the reinforcement of the profile element is used. Serve at the same time the resulting by the rib-like configuration of the depression Collecting the failing condensation water.

The ribbing of the profile elements runs parallel to the longitudinal extent like, so that in particular a greater stability of the profile elements around a bending axis at right angles to the longitudinal extent and parallel to the Longitudinal extension of the profile elements runs.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the profile elements several, in particular at the same distance from each other Holes for receiving the screws with screw heads and possibly have gleichgleichenden plates, the holes expand to one end to accommodate the screw heads sunk. Such trained profile elements are factory for the prepared quick assembly, the arrangement of the holes in the same Distances to each other causes a great weakening of the screws penetrated insulation boards is not caused. In addition, it is provided that the holes are formed such that they absorb the screw heads sunk, so that over the surface the profile elements protruding components are avoided. hereby be both possibly lying roof sealing films and the possibly resting roof top shell or additionally applied thermal insulation elements protected against damage.

To also in the area of the screw heads the formation of thermal bridges avoid is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the screw heads of the screws at least partially plastic coated are formed. The plastic casing also has the advantage that sharp-edged areas can be avoided, so that accordingly sheathed screw heads a lower risk of damage to the furthermore used building materials, such as sealing films represent.

To attach the adhesive holes are in the profile elements holes, in particular Eyelets provided with an internal thread. The sticks can This in a simple manner by means of a conventional screw of metal or Plastic be screwed to the profile elements. The screw connection In addition, each adhesive with only one screw allows the To move the adhesive into an intended position relative to the profile element, a corresponding orientation of the adhesive relative to the roof top shell adjust. Alternatively it can be provided that at least in the profile element a, preferably a plurality of slots for fixing the Hafte are arranged. As a result, not only a rotation of the attached can be Stick, but also a displacement of the sticks along allow the profile element.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the profile element consists of a, in the longitudinal direction flexible plastic, which allows a rolling of the profile element. The transport of such profile elements, especially on the construction site, this considerably simplifies not a long profile elements, but a roll to transport is, which is rolled out on the spot to a profile element of certain Length to be cut off.

Preferably, the profile element has at least one, preferably centrally arranged, extending in the longitudinal direction profiling. In this profiling are arranged holes for receiving the fasteners. When mounting the roof system according to the invention are in the thermal barrier coating corresponding recesses milled with the shape and the contour of this profiling match, so that the profiling in the corresponding millings are used in the insulation layer can.

Preferably, the profiling has a depth sufficient that the Heads of fasteners below the, by the two sides next the profiling arranged surface portions of the profile element certain levels lie. This embodiment also avoids one Contact between the fasteners, in particular the screw heads and the films disposed above the thermal barrier coating.

The profiling extends over the entire length of the profile element. Alternatively, it can be provided that the profiling sections in the Profile element is arranged.

In order to achieve a complete thermal barrier coating is provided that the profiling can be filled with an insulating strip. Conceivable But this is also the filling of the profiling after assembly of the Profile element through a mounting foam. It is essential only that the profiling after installation of the roof system not as a conduit system can be used for convection currents.

In the area of the holes for receiving the fasteners are on the underside of the strip-shaped profile element shafts arranged, the are pressed into the thermal barrier coating. These shafts, for example also formed as a central guide trough profiling be arranged. Each shank preferably has a lid which after inserting and securing the fastener in the shaft can be used, wherein the lid is preferably molded onto the profile element is. The shanks allow the fasteners in a warmer area of the insulation material. By using a Alloy steel screw with a thermal conductivity of approx. 15 W / mK can the thermal bridge effect of this screw by arranging in the warmer area of the insulating material to be mitigated. After insertion the screw is the shaft is closed by a lid. Of the But can also cover as Ortschaum or plug, in particular from Flexible foam be formed. It is only essential that a thermal bridge between the metal screw and any one to be used Metal clips attached to the plastic profile element is prevented.

Each shaft is insertable into a bore of the profile element, which Bore in particular has a circumferential milling. In this hole The shaft is retracted by means of a screw frictionally. Such shaft-screw combinations can be easily magazines and to be set faster. The shaft according to the invention has an internal thread, Holding warts or annular constrictions on which to hold the lid or other closure element are suitable.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that on the Surface of the profile element, a fabric strip, in particular Synthetic fibers is arranged to form a hook and loop fastener, wherein the counterpart of the Velcro on the underside of a roof waterproofing membrane or foil is attached. This embodiment allows a quick installation of the roof sealing foil, whereby misplaced laid Roof sealing foils peeled off very easily during assembly and again can be moved.

Alternatively it can be provided that on the surface of the profile element arranged a weldable or adhesive sealing sheet or film is on which the roof waterproofing membrane or film is placed before by a temperature effect, a connection, namely a welding the two elements is achieved. Of course, this can also be done use a double-sided adhesive tape.

The metal core or a fiber-reinforced Kunststoffkem may be surrounded in particular with a sheath of polyurethane foam or polyisocyanurate rigid foam. Preferably, the sheath has a bulk density of about 40 to 150 kg / m ³ , preferably 70 to 100 kg / m ³ . These profile elements or adhere to a much higher moment of inertia in bending stresses and a higher rigidity. It has proven to be advantageous to form the sheath with a material thickness of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm. The material thickness of the sheath can also vary in one and the same profile element. Preferably, the sheath is formed on the heat-insulating layer facing surface with a lower material thickness than on the opposite, the roof top surface facing surface. The focus here is the sinking of the screw head within the casing with the greater material thickness. For this purpose, the material thickness of the sheath on the top of the roof facing the surface of the profile element is chosen so large that a screw head of a fastener is completely retracted therein.

The preferred metal is an aluminum extruded profile for the metal core proved. The sheath is preferably made of an elastic Foam, for example chloroprene (cellular rubber). Alternatively, the sheath from a hard rubber, for example from natural, Bunaoder Nitrile hard rubber or soft rubber based on natural, Buna, Chloroprene, butyl, ethylene, propylene, terpolymer and / or fluororubber consist.

Each adhesive has at least at its leg arranged on the profile strip a material thickening, in particular in the form of a bead, the substantially parallel to the second, substantially perpendicular to Profile strip extending leg extends and over the head of a fastener protrudes. This material thickening serves for protection the applied sealing foil, otherwise through the screw head could be damaged when walking the roof system.

A simple embodiment of the adhesive is then when the sticking on the profile elements are vulcanized. This can already factory a fastener to be created, which after laying out the Thermal insulation layer is mounted and at the same time the brackets for the Roof top shell has.

The sticks are rotatable according to a further feature of the invention on the Attached profile elements. This embodiment allows alignment the adhesion depending on the laying direction of the individual roof shell elements, so that the sticks fixable with their orientation and the roof top shell are connectable.

According to a further advantageous feature of the invention is provided that the adhesives are formed in two parts and a pressure plate with it fastened sleeve, which sleeve is a bolt of the upper part the attachment takes up. The sticks thus consist of a pressure plate welded sleeve, which is guided for example through a slot. The upper part of the adhesive has a bolt which can be screwed into the sleeve is. If the adhesive is arranged in the slot, it is displaceable with connected to the profile element, so that the position of the adhesive to the roof top shell, For example, be adapted to the width of a Scharre can. The lower part of the adhesive is preferably made of plastic, for example Polyamide, thermosetting plastic or reinforced elastomers, in which the sleeve is incorporated.

The two parts of the clasps can be hinged together be so that the adhesive is foldable. The two parts of the Haft are in the hinge connecting them can be fixed. In conjunction with rollable Profile elements, the adhesions can be aligned so that they are factory already connected to the profile elements, the Aufrollbarkeit the But do not affect profile elements. On site, the profile elements then unrolled and set the sticks before sticking in their established position.

If the adhesive is to be installed independently of the profile elements, then it has proved to be advantageous, the sticking with the fasteners of To attach profile elements to the same, which the profile strips with the Connect the roof shell. It is then a lesser amount of work in terms the screwing of the profile elements and the adherence specified.

The sticks point towards the reinforcement in the area of the transition of their orthogonal arranged to each other legs in a side section arc-shaped section Plastic element on.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the adhesive a pressure equalization plate, in particular made of plastic, on the surface of the profile strip rests. This will increase the pressure of the overburden Roof top shell on a larger area of the profile strip distributed.

Furthermore, it is provided that the adhesive facing at its profile strip Bottom has a projection in a corresponding recess can be inserted in the profile strip. By this configuration is the adhesive already before its screwing form-fitting with the profile element connected. For screwing the adhesive on the profile element or the roof shell, it has proved to be advantageous to the projection at least to form a plate-shaped tongue, which may already be having the corresponding bore for receiving a screw. hereby It is possible that not all the adhesive is in the area of the recess of the profile element recorded projection to be pierced got to. The fixing screw for the adhesive is also in this case in moved a deeper and thus warmer area of the insulating element.

Finally, it is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the profile element is designed as a perforated plate. Such a perforated plate has the advantage that a more individual attachment of the adhesive to the profile element without additional drilling is possible.

Figur 1

eine erste Ausführungsform eines Abschnitts eines Dachsytems in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 2

den Abschnitt des zweischaligen Dachsystems gemäß Figur 1 in teilweise geschnitten dargestellter Seitenansicht;

Figur 3

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Abschnitts eines zweischaligen Dachsystems in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 4

eine dritte Ausführungsform eines Abschnitts eines zweischaligen Dachsystems in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 5

eine vierte Ausführungsform eines Abschnitts eines zweischaligen Dachsystems in perspektivischer Ansichth;

Figur 6

ein Profilelement für ein zweischaliges Dachsystem gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 5 in einer geschnitten dargestellten Seitenansicht und

Figur 7

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Profilelementes für ein zweischaliges Dachsystem gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 5 in einer geschnitten dargestellten Seitenansicht.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings in which preferred embodiments of the roof system according to the invention are shown. In the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a first embodiment of a portion of a Dachsytems in a perspective view;

FIG. 2

the section of the two-shell roof system according to Figure 1 in a partially sectioned side view;

FIG. 3

a second embodiment of a portion of a two-shell roof system in a perspective view;

FIG. 4

a third embodiment of a portion of a two-shell roof system in a perspective view;

FIG. 5

a fourth embodiment of a portion of a two-shell roof system in perspective view h;

FIG. 6

a profile element for a two-shell roof system according to the figures 1 to 5 in a sectional side view and shown

FIG. 7

a second embodiment of a profile element for a two-shell roof system according to Figures 1 to 5 in a sectional side view shown.

A section 1 of a double-shell roof system shown in FIG has a thermal barrier coating 2 of several Steinwolledämmplatten. The thermal barrier coating 2 is on a roof shell shown in FIG 3 arranged in a plurality of side by side and in cross section arranged trapezoidal profiles. Between the thermal barrier coating 2 and the roof shell 3 is a vapor-braking wind barrier 4 arranged, which consists for example of a sealing foil.

The thermal barrier coating 2 is connected to the roof shell 3, namely screwed. For this purpose, on the surface 5 of the thermal barrier coating 2 more Profile elements 6 launched, the example of Figure 2 in cross section U-shaped, wherein the two free legs of the profile elements 6 in corresponding previously milled recesses 7 in the Surface 5 of the thermal barrier coating 2 matured. The profile elements 6 are connected by a plurality of screws 8 with the roof shell 3, wherein the screws 8 a bore 9 in the profile element 6 and the thermal barrier coating 2 pass through. The bore 9 is recessed in the profile element 6 arranged, each profile element a plurality of holes 9, which at a uniform distance from each other over the length of the Profile element 6 are arranged distributed.

In FIGS. 1 to 7 in each case only one profile element 6 is provided with a screw 8 shown. It goes without saying that in a two-shell roof system the embodiment in question a variety of screws 8 and 6 profile elements are necessary to provide sufficient strength a walk-in roof system also with regard to existing ones To produce wind suction.

To attach a roof top shell not shown are on the Profile elements 6 adhering 10 attached, which formed as L-shaped profiles are. The adhesions 10 are with the screws 8 with the profile elements. 6 and the roof shell 8, the adhesions 10, the profile element 6 and the screws 8 are formed such that thermal bridges and / or Heat conduction between the roof top shell not shown and the possibly made of metal profiles roof shell 3 essential reduced, in particular, are interrupted. For this purpose, it is provided that the Adhere 10 and / or profile elements 6 and / or screws 3 at least predominantly consist of a low thermal conductivity plastic, the Moreover, it is pressure-resistant.

To protect on the profile elements 6 and the surface 5 of the thermal barrier coating 2 arranged insulation or sealing elements provided that the adhesive 10 in the region of their, resting on the profile element 6 Leg 11 has a collection 12, in the area of a Hole for receiving the screw 8 is arranged. The confiscation 12 is formed according to the bore 9, so that the adhesive 10 with her Leg 11 as fully as possible on the surface of the profile element. 6 rests.

It is further provided that the adhesive 10 at the free end of the leg 11th a transverse bead 13 whose height is greater than the height of over the surface of the profile element 6 outstanding screw head 14 of the screw 8.

The adhesive 10 is also like the profile element 6 of a tough and pressure-resistant polyamide. Polyamide is about to be in one Roof system possible temperature range thermoplastic behaving Plastic. Optionally, the plastic fiber reinforced, in particular with short fibers, preferably of glass, aramid, carbon, cellulose and / or viscose be formed. It has proven to be advantageous Form the fibers so that they are sprayable. Alternatively to the Fiber reinforcement can also be nonwovens, fabrics, rovings or combinations be incorporated into the polyamide.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the profile element is in the range formed ribbed on its surface. The ribbing of the profile element 6 runs parallel to the longitudinal extent of the profile element 6 and serves the Reinforcement of the profile element 6. The resulting from the ribbing Recessions also serve the collection of possibly precipitating condensation, which over wells of the ribbing in a edge area of the roof system can be performed.

Another embodiment of the roof system according to the invention is in Figure 3 shown.

The profile element 6 has in its central region a U-shaped Profiling 15, which in a corresponding recess of the thermal barrier coating 2 is used. This profiling 15 has in its web area the holes 9 for the screws 8, so that the screw heads 14 are arranged completely sunk in the profiling 15.

The adhesions 10 shown in FIG. 3 are T-shaped in cross-section, wherein the resting on the surface of the profile element 6 Leg portions 11 of the adhesive 10 a on the upstanding leg of Stick 10 in cross section circular arc-shaped material thickness increase have, whereby the stability of the stand and thus pressure resistance of the Stick 10 plastic is substantially enlarged. Such adhesive 10, as shown in Figure 3, may also be formed in several parts, in the two resting on the surface of the profile element 6 Leg portions 11 riveted to the upstanding leg of the adhesive 10 or glued.

The attachment of the adhesive 10 on the profile element 6 is also carried out by riveting, Screwing or gluing, whereby the bonding of the leg sections 11 with the surface of the profile element 6 as advantageous has meadows. Here, for example, both on the surface of the profile element 6 as well as in the region of the leg portions 11 of the adhesive 10 a be provided for heating effective adhesive.

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a section 1 of the invention Roof system shown. This in this embodiment provided profile element 6 also has a profiling 15, which is formed as a recess in the profile element 6, wherein the recess the profiling 15 in the embodiment of Figure 4 in cross section Trapezoidal is formed. The profiling 15 forms a central guide trough, which extends over the entire length of the profile element 6. In the field of profiling 15, the profile element 6 has a plurality of in uniformly spaced shafts 16. Everyone Shank 16 is formed as a truncated cone-shaped element, the one Both sides open cavity limited, which is the recording of the Screw 8 is used. Each shaft 16 has a length that is approximately with two thirds of the material thickness of the thermal barrier coating 2 matches, so that the screw 8 in a warmer area of the thermal barrier coating. 2 is arranged.

The shaft 16 is formed on a plate 17 which can be used in the profiling 15 is. The plate 17 may be sections or according to the length be formed of the profile element 6.

In this embodiment of the roof system may preferably screws 8th made of alloy steel with a thermal conductivity of approx. 15 W / mK be without the use of such screws 8 made of metal cause large thermal bridge effect within the roof system.

The cavity in the shaft 16 is after insertion of the screw 8 and following screwing with the roof shell 3 by a at the Plate 17 molded, not shown lid closed. It There is also the possibility of the cavity of the shaft 16 to given Time with Ortschaum or a plug of pre-compressed soft foam fill.

The adhesive 10 shown in FIG. 4 is designed as an L-shaped profile and has at its the profile element 6 facing bottom of her Leg 11 a pressure plate 18 which in the profiling 15 of the profile element 6 is used. The pressure plate 18 connects the adhesive 10 frictionally with the profile element 6. In addition, the pressure plate 18 with be glued to the profile element 6. Of course, there is also the possibility the adhesive 10 directly on the surface of the profile element 6 to fasten, however, the pressure plate 18, the support of the adhesive 10 allows on the profile element.

The illustrated in Figure 5 embodiment of the roof system according to the invention corresponds substantially to the embodiment of Figure 3, in However, in Figure 5, another adhesive 10 is used. The adhesive 10 exists from a metal angle with a pressure compensation plate 19 made of plastic, which pressure equalization plate 19 includes the leg 11 of the adhesive 10 and extends into the profiling 15 of the profile element 6. At the in the Profiling 15 of the profile element 6 engaging portion of the pressure compensation plate 19 are fastening tongues 20 formed in the longitudinal direction of the projecting into the profiling 15 of the profile element 6 section are arranged running. The fastening tongues 20 serve for attachment the adhesive 10 in the web area of the profile element 6, wherein the fastening tongues 20, for example, holes for receiving the screw. 8 can have. But it is also possible, the liability 10 over to fix the fastening tongue 20 with such screws, which only the fastening tongue 20 and a part of the profile element 6 pass through.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows the profile element in side view, the profile element next to a Recess 21 trapezoidal configuration two adjacent arranged V-shaped recesses 22 has. The recesses 21 and 22 extend in the longitudinal direction of the profile element 6 and extend over the entire length of the profile element. 6

On the surface of the profile element 6 is a fabric 23 made of synthetic fibers glued and / or mechanically fastened. The fabric 23 serves on the one hand as thermal insulation, if the profile element is made of metal, so that an applied adhesive or an applied roof waterproofing membrane or film thermally through the fabric 23 of the profile element. 6 is disconnected.

On the other hand, the fabric 23 may be formed as part of a hook and loop fastener be. It is so far a hook tissue, with the counterpart this fabric 23 to form a hook and loop fastener on the Bottom of the above-mentioned roofing membrane or film, which is not shown in detail, can be arranged.

Finally, in Figure 7, a further embodiment of the invention to that effect illustrated that the profile element of a metal core 24 and a Hard foam sheath 25 is. The hard foam casing 25 encapsulates the metal core 24 formed from an aluminum extruded profile completely and points to its resting on the heat insulating layer 2 surface 5 support strips 26, extending over the entire length of the profile element 6 extend.

In the central region of the profile element 6, the holes 9 are arranged, which both the hard foam casing 25, and the metal core 24th penetrate and serve to receive the screws 8.

In addition to hard foam casing 25, elastic foams, such as chloroprene (cellular rubber) can be used.

Claims (51)

1. Two-shell roof system, in particular for flat roofs and low pitched roofs with a pitch of up to 15°, said roof system consisting of a bearing roof shell (3), a thermal insulation layer (2) arranged on said roof shell (3), a roof sealing and a roof upper shell arranged above said thermal insulation layer (2), said thermal insulation layer (2) being connected to said roof shell (3) via profiled members (6) resting on said thermal insulation layer (2) and through inserted screws (8),
   characterized in that said profiled members (6) interconnecting said roof upper shell and said roof shell (3) and arranged between said roof upper shell and said roof shell (3) and said screws (8) are formed of pressure-resistant and poorly conducting plastic materials or are coated with poorly conducting plastic materials and
   that said profiled members (6) which have a T-, Z- or U-shaped cross section consist of a plastic material which behaves in a thermoplastic fashion within a narrow temperature range which is far beyond that which is possible in a roof system.
2. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the roof upper shell is connected to said profiled members (6) through fixing strips (10) which at least partly consist of a semi-hard and pressure resistant plastic material.
3. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that said profiled members (6) consist of polyamide.
4. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1 and/or claim 2,
   characterized in that said plastic material is fibre-reinforced.
5. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1 and/or claim 2,
   characterized in that said plastic material surrounds a metal core (24).
6. Two-shell roof system according to claim 4,
   characterized in that said fibres are sprayable or come in the form of fibrous webs, wovens, rovings or combinations thereof.
7. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that said thermal insulation layer (2) includes in its surface (5) facing the roof upper shell recesses (7), of which the contours correspond to the outer contours of said profiled members (6).
8. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that said profiled members (6) consist of a polyolefin elastomer, of subsequently rubberized woven bands and/or rubber bands or rubber profiles with glass, steel, rayon and/or polyamide fibres.
9. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that said profiled members (6) are ribbed in the region of at least one surface.
10. Two-shell roof system according to claim 9,
    characterized in that the ribs of said profiled members (6) run parallel to the longitudinal extension of said profiled members (6).
11. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled members (6) include plural bores (9) for receiving said screws (8) with screw heads (14) and eventually with pressure-balancing plates, said bores (9) expanding towards one end thereof in order to receive said screw heads (14) in a sunk fashion.
12. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the screw heads (14) of said screws (8) are at least partially covered with a plastic material.
13. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that in said profiled member (6) there is arranged at least one internally threaded bore for fixing said fixing strips (10).
14. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled member (6) has provided therein at least one long hole for fixing said fixing strips (10).
15. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled member (6) consists of a plastic material that is flexible in the longitudinal direction and thus allows said profiled member (6) to be rolled up.
16. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled member (6) includes at least one profile (15) extending in the longitudinal direction.
17. Two-shell roof system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that said bores (9) for receiving said fixing elements are arranged within said profile (15).
18. Two-shell roof system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that said profile (15) has a depth which is sufficient for the heads (14) of the fixing elements to lie below the plane which is determined by the surface portions of said profiled member (6) which are arranged on both sides next to said profile (15).
19. Two-shell roof system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that said profile (15) extends over the whole length of said profiled member (6).
20. Two-shell roof system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that said profile (15) is arranged in said profiled member (6) in sections.
21. Two-shell roof system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that said profile (15) can be filled up with a panel (17), particularly with an insulation strip.
22. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that within the region of said bores (9) for receiving said fixing elements (14) shanks (16) are arranged on the underside of said profiled member (6), which shanks can be pressed into said thermal insulation layer (2).
23. Two-shell roof system according to claim 22,
    characterized in that each shank (16) includes a lid which after the insertion and fixing of said fixing element can be fitted in said shank (16).
24. Two-shell roof system according to claim 23,
    characterized in that said lid is injection-moulded to said profiled member (6).
25. Two-shell roof system according to claim 24,
    characterized in that said lid is formed as in-situ cellular plastic or plug, particularly of soft foam.
26. Two-shell roof system according to claim 23,
    characterized in that each shank (16) can be fitted in one bore (9) of said profiled member (6), which bore (9) particularly includes a continuous cutting formed by
    milling.
27. Two-shell roof system according to claim 23,
    characterized in that each shank (16) includes locking elements such as internal threads, holding nipples or annular constraints, by means of which said lid or any other closure element can be fixed.
28. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that on the surface of said profiled member (6) a textile strip (23) particularly made from synthetic fibres for forming a Velcro fastener is arranged, with the mating piece of said Velcro fastener being fixed to the underside of a waterproof roof sheeting or film.
29. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that on the surface of said profiled member (6) a waterproof sheeting or film suitable for being welded or glued is arranged.
30. Two-shell roof system according to claim 5,
    characterized in that said metal core (24) or a fibre-reinforced plastic core is surrounded by a cover (25) made from polyurethane foam or polyisocyanurate solid foam.
31. Two-shell roof system according to claim 30,
    characterized in that said cover (25) has a bulk density of approx 40 to 150 kg/m³, preferably 70 to 100 kg/m³.
32. Two-shell roof system according to claim 30,
    characterized in that said cover (25) has material thickness of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm.
33. Two-shell roof system according to claim 32,
    characterized in that said cover (25) is formed with a material thickness which is less on the surface which faces said thermal insulation layer (2) than on the opposite surface which faces said roof upper shell.
34. Two-shell roof system according to claim 32,
    characterized in that the material thickness of said cover (25) on the surface of said profiled member (6) facing said roof upper shell is selected sufficiently large, so that a screw head (14) of a fixing element may be fully sunk therein.
35. Two-shell roof system according to claim 5,
    characterized in that said metal core (24) is formed as an aluminium extruded section.
36. Two-shell roof system according to claim 5,
    characterized in that said cover (25) is formed from an elastic foam, for example from chloroprene.
37. Two-shell roof system according to claim 5,
    characterized in that said cover (25) consists of a hard rubber coating, for example of natural, buna or nitrile hard rubber, or of a soft rubber coating, for example based on natural, buna, chloroprene, butyl, ethylene, propylene, terpolymer or fluor caoutchouc.
38. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strip (10) includes on its leg (11) arranged on said profiled member (6) at least one material thickening, particularly in the form of a bead (13) which extends substantially parallel to the second leg (11) extending substantially at right angles to said profiled member (6) and protrudes beyond the head (14) of said fixing element.
39. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strips (10) are vulcanized onto said profiled members (6).
40. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strips (10) are fixed for rotation to said profiled members (6).
41. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strips (10) are formed as two parts and include a pressure plate (18) with a sleeve mounted to it, which sleeve receives a bolt of the upper part of said fixing strip (10).
42. Two-shell roof system according to claim 41,
    characterized in that the lower part of said fixing strip (10) with said pressure plate (18) consists of a plastic material and the upper part of said fixing strip (10) consists of metal.
43. Two-shell roof system according to claim 41,
    characterized in that said two parts of fixing strip (10) are hinged to each other for a pivoting movement.
44. Two-shell roof system according to claim 43,
    characterized in that said two parts of fixing strip (10) can be fixed in the hinge which interconnects said two parts.
45. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strips (10) with the fixing elements of said profiled members (6) are fixed to the same, which fixing elements connect said profiled members (6) to said roof shell (3).
46. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strips (10) include in the region of the transition of their legs which are arranged at right angles to each other a plastic element which in a lateral section thereof has the form of a section of an arc of a circle.
47. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strip (10) includes a pressure compensation plate (19), particularly from a plastic material, which plate rests on the surface of said profiled member (6).
48. Two-shell roof system according to claim 2,
    characterized in that said fixing strip (10) includes on its underside which faces said profiled member (6) a projection which can be plug-fitted in a corresponding profile (15) in said profiled member (6).
49. Two-shell roof system according to claim 48,
    characterized in that said projection has moulded to it at least one plate-like tongue (20).
50. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled member (6) is formed as a perforated plate.
51. Two-shell roof system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that said profiled member (6) is formed as a sheathed expanded metal.

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