EP0980059A1 - Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0980059A1
EP0980059A1 EP99114587A EP99114587A EP0980059A1 EP 0980059 A1 EP0980059 A1 EP 0980059A1 EP 99114587 A EP99114587 A EP 99114587A EP 99114587 A EP99114587 A EP 99114587A EP 0980059 A1 EP0980059 A1 EP 0980059A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sub
field
pixels
fields
picture
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Granted
Application number
EP99114587A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0980059B1 (fr
Inventor
Sebastian Weitbruch
Gangolf Hirtz
Carlos Correa
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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Priority claimed from EP98114883A external-priority patent/EP0978817A1/fr
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Priority to EP19990114587 priority Critical patent/EP0980059B1/fr
Publication of EP0980059A1 publication Critical patent/EP0980059A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2033—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames with splitting one or more sub-frames corresponding to the most significant bits into two or more sub-frames
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G09G3/2029—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames the sub-frames having non-binary weights
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0261—Improving the quality of display appearance in the context of movement of objects on the screen or movement of the observer relative to the screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0266—Reduction of sub-frame artefacts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/10—Special adaptations of display systems for operation with variable images
    • G09G2320/106—Determination of movement vectors or equivalent parameters within the image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing video pictures, especially for false contour effect compensation. More specifically the invention is closely related to a kind of video processing for improving the picture quality of pictures which are displayed on matrix displays like plasma display panels (PDP) or display devices with digital micro mirror arrays (DMD).
  • PDP plasma display panels
  • DMD digital micro mirror arrays
  • plasma display panels are known for many years, plasma displays are encountering a growing interest from TV manufacturers. Indeed, this technology now makes it possible to achieve flat color panels of large size and with limited depths without any viewing angle constraints.
  • the size of the displays may be much larger than the classical CRT picture tubes would have ever been allowed.
  • the invention deals with a specific new artefact, which is called "dynamic false contour effect" since it corresponds to disturbances of gray levels and colors in the form of an apparition of colored edges in the picture when an observation point on the matrix screen moves.
  • This kind of artefact is enhanced when the image has a smooth gradation like when the skin of a person is being displayed (e. g. displaying of a face or an arm, etc.).
  • the same problem occurs on static images when observers are shaking their heads and that leads to the conclusion that such a failure depends on the human visual perception and happens on the retina of the eye.
  • pulse equalization technique This technique is a more complex one. It utilizes equalizing pulses which are added or separated from the TV signal when disturbances of gray scales are foreseen.
  • LUT big look-up tables
  • the bid disadvantage of this technique results from the fact that the equalizing pulses add failures to the picture to compensate for a failure appearing on the eye retina. Additionally, when the motion is increasing in the picture, there is a need to add more pulses to the picture and that leads to conflicts with the picture contents in case of very fast motion.
  • the compensation of the false contour effect is made by utilizing a motion estimator which determines motion vectors for blocks of pixel data.
  • the resulting motion vectors are utilized for re-coding the pixels of the block wherein in the re-coding step a step of shifting the sub-fields of pixels is included.
  • the so calculated pixels of the block are used to display the picture instead of displaying the original pixel data.
  • the general idea of the invention is to detect the movements in the picture (displacement of the eye focus area) and to spread the right sub-field pulses over this displacement in order to be sure that the eye will only perceive the correct information through its movement.
  • This solution based on a motion estimator has the big advantage that it will not add false information in the picture and, in addition, this solution is independent from the picture contents and also from the sub-field organization. Further advantages are, that the inventive method allows a complete correction of the false contour effect when the motion vector is well-known. Also the method is not dependent from the used addressing technique for the plasma display panel. With regard to the disclosed specific embodiment, when the addressing or the sub-field organization changes, there is only the need to re-calculate the different centers of gravity of the sub-fields but the algorithm remains unchanged.
  • the method according to the invention is simple to implement. There is no need of a big memory since it does not need any kind of LUTs like the pulse equalization technique.
  • Fig. 1 The artefact due to the false contour effect is shown in Fig. 1.
  • two dark lines On the arm of the displayed woman are shown two dark lines, which e. g. are caused by this false contour effect. Also in the face of the woman such dark lines occur on the right side.
  • a plasma display panel utilizes a matrix array of discharge cells which could only be switched ON or OFF. Also unlike a CRT or LCD in which gray levels are expressed by analog control of the light emission, in a PDP the gray level is controlled by modulating the number of light pulses per frame. This time-modulation will be integrated by the eye over a period corresponding to the eye time response. When an observation point (eye focus area) on the PDP screen moves, the eye will follow this movement. Consequently, it will no more integrate the light from the same cell over a frame period (static integration) but it will integrate information coming from different cells located on the movement trajectory. Thus it will mix all the light pulses during this movement which leads to a faulty signal information. This effect will now be explained in more detail below.
  • each level will be represented by a combination of the following 8 bits:
  • the frame period will be divided in 8 lighting periods which are also very often referred to sub-fields, each one corresponding to one of the 8 bits.
  • the light emission pattern according to the sub-field organization introduces new categories of image quality degradation corresponding to disturbances of gray levels and colors.
  • these disturbances are defined as so-called dynamic false contour effect since the fact that it corresponds to the appearance of colored edges in the picture when an observation point on the PDP screen moves.
  • the observer has the impression of a strong contour appearing on a homogeneous area like displayed skin.
  • the degradation is enhanced when the image has a smooth gradation and also when the light emission period exceeds several milliseconds. So, in dark scenes the effect is not so disturbing as in scenes with average gray level (e.g. luminance values from 32 to 223).
  • Fig. 3 shows a darker shaded area corresponding to the luminance level 128 and a lighter shaded area corresponding to the luminance area level 127.
  • the sub-field organization, shown in Fig. 2 is used for building the luminance levels 128 and 127 as it is depicted on the right side of Fig. 3.
  • the three parallel lines in Fig. 3 indicate the direction in which the eye is following the movement.
  • the two outer lines show the area borders where a faulty signal will be perceived.
  • Fig. 4 there is shown a curve which illustrates the behavior of the eye cells during observing the moving picture depicted in Fig. 3. The eye cells having a good distance from the horizontal transition will integrate enough light from the corresponding pixels. Only the eye cells which are near the transition will not be able to integrate a lot of light from the same pixels.
  • a new sub-field organization which has more sub-fields and above all has more sub-fields with the same weight. This will already reduce the contouring effect and improve the situation. Furthermore, it allows for the inventive correction method which will be explained afterwards.
  • Fig. 5 two examples of new coding schemes are shown. The choice of the optimal one has to be made depending on the plasma technology. In the first example there are ten sub-fields used wherein there are four sub-fields having lighting periods with a relative duration of 48/256. In the second example there are twelve sub-fields and there are seven sub-fields having the relative duration of 32/256. Please note that the frame period has a relative duration of 256/256.
  • Fig. 6 the result of the new sub-field organization according to the second example of Fig. 5 is shown in case of the 128/127 horizontal transition moving at a speed of five pixels per frame. Now, the chance that the corresponding eye cells will integrate more similar amounts of lighting periods is increased. This is illustrated by the eye-stimuli integration curve at the bottom of Fig. 6 when compared to the eye-stimuli integration curve at the bottom of Fig. 3.
  • the main idea of the invention is to anticipate the movement in the picture in order to position the different bit planes of the moving area on the eye integration trajectory.
  • the different bit planes of a pixel are shifted depending on the eye movement to make sure that the eye will receive the right information at the right time during its movement.
  • This principle is illustrated in Fig. 7. There it is shown that in the area around the horizontal transition the sixth and seventh bit plane is shifted by one pixel to the right, the eighth bit plane is shifted by two pixels to the right and the ninth bit plane is shifted by three pixels to the right.
  • this technique aims to modify the coding of the pixels depending on the motion amplitude and direction. This technique shows very good result since it makes it possible to remove completely the false contour effect when the motion is well detected. In the case of a false motion estimation, since no pulses are added to the picture but picture contents are shifted, the picture quality is not disturbed a lot.
  • the algorithm is described in greater detail.
  • the original picture is segmented in blocks, each of which will have a single motion vector assigned.
  • An example of such a decomposition is shown in Fig. 8.
  • Other types of motion-dependent pictures segmentations could be used, since the goal is only to decompose the picture in basic elements having a well-defined motion vector.
  • all motion estimators can be used for the invention, which are able to subdivide a picture in blocks and to calculate for each block a corresponding motion vector.
  • motion estimators are well-known from, for example 100 Hz up-conversion technique and also from MPEG coding etc., they are well-known in the art and there is no need to describe them in greater detail here.
  • a motion estimator which could be used in this invention, it is referred to WO-A-89/08891.
  • Best to be used are motion estimators which give precisely the direction of the movement and the amplitude of this movement for each block. Since most of the plasma display panels are working on RGB component data, benefit could be achieved when for each RGB component a separate motion estimation is being carried out and these three components are combined so that the efficiency of the motion estimation will be improved.
  • G(n) S(n) + Dur(n)/2
  • G(n) represents the center of gravity location of a current sub-field
  • n represents the current sub-field number
  • S(n) represents the start point of the current sub-field
  • Dur(n) represents the duration of the sub-field
  • Fig. 11 On the right side of Fig. 11 it is depicted by which amount the corresponding sub-fields are to be shifted. For example, the first four sub-fields are not shifted in horizontal direction, the fifth and sixth sub-fields are shifted by one pixel in the horizontal direction and the seventh sub-field is shifted by two pixels in the horizontal direction, etc.
  • bit planes will be moved in both directions horizontal and vertical.
  • FIG. 12 An apparatus according to the invention is shown in Fig. 12.
  • the apparatus may be integrated together with the PDP matrix display. It could also be in a separate box which is to be connected with the plasma display panel.
  • Reference no. 10 denotes the whole apparatus.
  • Reference no. 11 denotes the frame memory to which the RGB data is input. The frame memory 11 is connected to the motion estimator 12.
  • Motion estimator 12 also receives as another input the RGB data of the next frame. So it has access to two succeeding frames in order to detect the motion in the video pictures. The resulting motion vectors are output to the sub-field-shift-computing unit 13.
  • the resulting sub-field shifts are output to the correction device 14 in which the pixels are re-coded, wherein sub-fields (SF) of pixels are shifted in a direction determined by the motion vector of the block, and corresponding new re-coded RGB data is output.
  • SF sub-fields
EP19990114587 1998-08-07 1999-07-26 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours Expired - Lifetime EP0980059B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19990114587 EP0980059B1 (fr) 1998-08-07 1999-07-26 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98114883 1998-08-07
EP98114883A EP0978817A1 (fr) 1998-08-07 1998-08-07 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours
EP19990114587 EP0980059B1 (fr) 1998-08-07 1999-07-26 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo, en particulier pour la compensation de l'effet de faux contours

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EP0980059A1 true EP0980059A1 (fr) 2000-02-16
EP0980059B1 EP0980059B1 (fr) 2005-03-30

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1207510A1 (fr) * 2000-11-18 2002-05-22 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo
WO2002093539A2 (fr) 2001-05-17 2002-11-21 Thomson Licensing Sa Procede d'affichage d'une sequence d'images videos sur un ecran a plasma
DE20122842U1 (de) 2001-05-08 2008-07-17 Deutsche Thomson Ohg Einrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Videobildern

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0444962A2 (fr) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Méthode d'affichage de teinte et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre
JPH08123355A (ja) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-17 Fujitsu General Ltd ディスプレイパネルの映像表示方法
JPH09138666A (ja) * 1995-11-10 1997-05-27 Fujitsu General Ltd 表示装置の動画補正方法及び動画補正装置
EP0822536A2 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1998-02-04 Fujitsu Limited Procédé et dispositif pour l'affichage d'image en demi-teinte

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0444962A2 (fr) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Méthode d'affichage de teinte et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre
JPH08123355A (ja) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-17 Fujitsu General Ltd ディスプレイパネルの映像表示方法
JPH09138666A (ja) * 1995-11-10 1997-05-27 Fujitsu General Ltd 表示装置の動画補正方法及び動画補正装置
EP0822536A2 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1998-02-04 Fujitsu Limited Procédé et dispositif pour l'affichage d'image en demi-teinte

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 096, no. 009 30 September 1996 (1996-09-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 097, no. 009 30 September 1997 (1997-09-30) *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1207510A1 (fr) * 2000-11-18 2002-05-22 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Procédé et appareil pour le traitement d'images vidéo
WO2002041291A1 (fr) * 2000-11-18 2002-05-23 Thomson Licensing S.A. Procede et appareil permettant de traiter des images video
US7142253B2 (en) 2000-11-18 2006-11-28 Thomson Licensing Method and apparatus for processing video pictures for improving picture quality for subsequent display
DE20122842U1 (de) 2001-05-08 2008-07-17 Deutsche Thomson Ohg Einrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Videobildern
WO2002093539A2 (fr) 2001-05-17 2002-11-21 Thomson Licensing Sa Procede d'affichage d'une sequence d'images videos sur un ecran a plasma
FR2824947A1 (fr) * 2001-05-17 2002-11-22 Thomson Licensing Sa Procede d'affichage d'une sequence d'image video sur un panneau d'affichage au plasma
WO2002093539A3 (fr) * 2001-05-17 2003-02-27 Thomson Licensing Sa Procede d'affichage d'une sequence d'images videos sur un ecran a plasma
CN100385480C (zh) * 2001-05-17 2008-04-30 汤姆森许可贸易公司 在等离子体显示板上显示视频图像序列的方法

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