EP0979517B1 - Elektrisches kabel mit schwacher klangspeicherungsverzerrung - Google Patents

Elektrisches kabel mit schwacher klangspeicherungsverzerrung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0979517B1
EP0979517B1 EP98922900A EP98922900A EP0979517B1 EP 0979517 B1 EP0979517 B1 EP 0979517B1 EP 98922900 A EP98922900 A EP 98922900A EP 98922900 A EP98922900 A EP 98922900A EP 0979517 B1 EP0979517 B1 EP 0979517B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
conductors
absorbent tube
tube
shielding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98922900A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0979517A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard PERROT
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CEVL SARL
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CEVL SARL
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Publication date
Application filed by CEVL SARL filed Critical CEVL SARL
Publication of EP0979517A1 publication Critical patent/EP0979517A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0979517B1 publication Critical patent/EP0979517B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/12—Arrangements for exhibiting specific transmission characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion

Definitions

  • the present invention applies in the field of electro-acoustics. It concerns the cables used for the transmission of audio signals between circuits electronic devices processing or amplifying them in electroacoustic equipment, between these equipments themselves and between these circuits or equipment and electroacoustic transducers (microphones or speakers).
  • the cables for transmitting audio signals from electric nature ensure the electrical connection between the electronic circuits processing these signals or amplifying them, as well as between the sources of these signals (microphones, radio receiver, or recorded signal readers, for example) and these electronic circuits, as well as between these circuits and the use of these signals (usually a speaker). It is customary to consider on the one hand so-called modulation cables that do not transmit a weak current and therefore very little of energy, and on the other hand the power cables responsible for transmitting the electrical power that will be transformed into another type of energy by a transducer (usually in sound energy in a loud speaker). The present invention also applies to modulation cables than to power cables.
  • the basic idea of the invention is the identification physical phenomena disrupting the transmission of electrical signal. These phenomena correspond to storage and return of electrical charges which distort the signal. These phenomena intervene, on the surface of the drivers and, on the other hand, in the materials used as insulation. They are linked to polarization phenomena occurring with dielectric and induce memory phenomena in cables. These physical phenomena are not taken in account by the usual theoretical models of cables and escape traditional measures.
  • the present invention thus relates to a cable low-distortion electric memory effect for the transmission of audio signals, including one or more conductor (s) protected from the adsorption of molecules present in the air, characterized in that conductors are arranged in a tube made in a material having absorption properties, said material having an intermediate resistivity between that of drivers and that of insulators.
  • Drivers can be protected from adsorption either by surface treatment or by being each surrounded by an insulator. They can also be made with intrinsically little material adsorbent.
  • these insulators are preferably chosen among insulators with characteristics of low memory and substantially linear.
  • the conductor (s) are realized with one or more enamelled copper wires.
  • the tube absorbent is made with a filled plastic of conductive particles.
  • the absorbent tube can be worn to a first predetermined potential.
  • the absorber tube is isolated externally by an insulating coating.
  • This insulation is itself surrounded by a shield of polarization which is preferably brought to a second predetermined potential.
  • the latter comprises inside a same tube absorbing several connected conductors parallel which are preferably twisted together.
  • a method for making a modulation cable according to the invention characterized in that an absorbent plastic tube loaded with conductive particles at least two conductive wires previously covered each with a layer of enamel deposited hot.
  • a shielding is arranged around the absorbent tube in braided wire.
  • This shield can be isolated from absorbent tube either by a layer of insulation or by the use of insulated wires individually.
  • These conductive wires are preferably previously arranged in so-called son of Litz.
  • this cable power For an armored version of this cable power, one disposes around the absorbent tube a shield made of braided wire. This shielding can also be isolated from the absorbent tube either by insulation layer, either by the use of insulated wires individually.
  • Theoretical analysis of homogeneous crystal lattices with periodic structure allows to define the distribution speeds (ie energy levels) of electrons. These correspond to grouped levels in "bands". The position of these bands with respect to Fermi level helps to classify materials corresponding in conductors, semiconductors and insulating.
  • FIG. 2 shows the typical constitution of a single cable.
  • the cable consists of a conductor 21 surrounded by an insulator 22 which electrically isolates the conductor and may have a mechanical holding role.
  • the conductor 21 is generally made of metal (usually copper) and often has several strands to be flexible.
  • the insulator 22 is made of flexible plastic whose thickness is a function of the voltages present on the conductor.
  • the main electrical quality sought for the driver 21 is its low resistance; this leads to the choice of copper which, in addition to its interesting mechanical characteristics, has a resistivity among the lowest (about 21 10 -6 ⁇ cm). It should be noted that the use of Litz wire corresponds to improving the conduction at certain frequencies.
  • the high value of the resistivity of the current plastics (of the order of 10 14 , 10 16 ⁇ cm), makes this parameter not critical.
  • the driver 31 is at the inside of an insulating tube 32.
  • This insulator 32 is usually not in close contact with the driver 31.
  • Figure 4 gives the equivalent diagram of a portion of cable. Between its two ends 41 and 42 we find a resistor 43 which is that of the driver 31. In parallel there is parasitic capacitance 47 and between two ends 41 and 42 and the electrical environment 45 (usually the mass), there are two parasitic capacitances 44 and 46. The phenomena of memory intervene in capacities 47, 44 and 46.
  • Figure 5 shows how are constituted the capacitors 44 and 46: the electrode 51 corresponds to the end of the cable, she is in close contact with a dielectric layer 53 corresponding to the molecules conductors present in the layer 34, on the surface 31. Then we have a layer of air 54 which corresponds to 33 in Figure 3 and another dielectric 55 corresponding to the insulator 32 and then a air layer 56 and the electrode 52 corresponds to the electrical environment. We can analyze similar parasitic capacity 47.
  • a driver or lay on the surface of the conductor a conductive material that is prone to adsorption.
  • a polarization driver which amounts to managing the potential of point 45 in Figure 4.
  • This driver may have two negative effects: on the one hand it will increase the parasitic capacitance values 44 and 46 and will increase the field in dielectrics, which will increase the memory effects.
  • a surface equipotential close to the driver it will do disappear from the continuous fields that polarized the dielectrics.
  • This driver polarization it must be linked to a potential that is different from the mean value of the average potential of the 31. This potential is preferably chosen a value greater than ten to a hundred volt at the maximum value of the maximum potential of the conductor 31 or at a value of less than ten to a hundred volts at the maximum value of the potential driver minimum 31.
  • resistors 66 and 65 in the diagram of Figure 4 and obtain Figure 6.
  • an absorbent medium around the This can be obtained by means of a tube disposed around the insulator, this tube being made of a material of resistivity intermediate between that of the conductors and that of the insulators (of the order of 10 -1 , 10 +1 ⁇ cm).
  • Such a material can be advantageously obtained with a conventional insulator loaded with conductive powder (carbon for example).
  • Audio links usually include two conductors either to provide the reference mass of the signal either to ensure the return of the supplied current.
  • the modulation cable we will have advantageously the two conductors of the connection in the same absorbent tube; indeed the contacts between absorbent tubes of each conductor would perform a closed circuit that would inductively charge the circuit of the high frequency link.
  • the effects of a contact between the absorbent tubes of the two conductors are less critical because the signal source is low impedance.
  • Figure 7 shows how we will achieve advantageous a modulation cable 7 according to the invention with two copper wires 71 and 74 each covered with a layer of enamel 72 and 73 deposited hot, arranged in a absorbent tube 75 of plastic material loaded with carbon particles.
  • This absorbent tube can be advantageously brought to a higher potential of a ten to a hundred volts at the maximum value of maximum potential of the conductors 71 and 74 or at a lower potential of ten to a hundred volts at the maximum value of the minimum potential of the drivers 71 and 74.
  • the wires 71 and 74 can have a diameter of 0.5 mm and the tube absorbing an outer diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.
  • Figure 8 shows how we will achieve advantageous a shielded modulation cable 8 according to the invention with two copper wires 71 and 74 covered each of a layer of enamel 72 and 73 deposited hot, arranged in an absorbent tube 75 of plastics material loaded with carbon particles, isolated himself externally by an insulator 76 and surrounded by an armor 77.
  • Absorbent tube 75 and polarization shielding 77 are separated by an insulator 76 and can be worn at different potentials so as to polarize the insulators 72, 73 and 76 of at least ten to one hundred of volts.
  • the son 71 and 74 may have a diameter of 0.5 mm, the Absorbent tube with an outer diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, the insulation 76 a thickness of 0.5 mm and the shield 77 may be made of bare copper wire diameter 0.3 mm braided. It should be noted that one can also provide that the polarization shield 77 is isolated from the absorbent tube 75 by the use of wires isolated individually.
  • Figure 9 shows how we will achieve advantageous a power cable 9 according to the invention, in connecting in parallel several copper wires 91-98 each covered with 101-108 enamel hot deposited, arranged in an insulating tube 75 of plastics material charged with carbon particles.
  • the threads can be arranged in so-called "Litz wire” configuration so as to reduce the skin effect.
  • the threads can be 10 in number and can have a diameter of 0.5 mm, the tube absorbing a diameter outside of 7 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.
  • This cable is shielded power 10 may have an internal structure equivalent to that just described for reference in Figure 8, and be further provided with a shielding of polarization 77 separated from the absorber tube 75 by a insulation layer 76 or by use of insulated wires individually.

Claims (25)

  1. Elektrokabel (7, 8, 9, 10) mit geringer Verwindung durch den Erinnerungseffekt, um Audiosignale zu übertragen, mit einem oder mehreren Leitern (71, 74; 91-98), die gegenüber der Adsorption von in der Luft vorhandenen Molekülen geschützt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Leiter in einem Rohr (75) angeordnet sind, das aus einem Werkstoff verwirklicht ist, der Adsorptionseigenschaften aufweist, wobei der Werkstoff einen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand besitzt, der zwischen jenem der Leiter und jenem der Isolatoren liegt.
  2. Kabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der spezifische elektrische Widerstand im Bereich von 10-1 bis 10+1 Ωcm liegt.
  3. Kabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiter gegen die Adsorption durch eine Oberflächenbehandlung geschützt sind.
  4. Kabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiter aus einem Werkstoff verwirklicht sind, der intrinsisch gering adsorbierend ist.
  5. Kabel (7, 8, 9, 10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiter (71, 74; 91-98) jeweils von einem Isolator (72, 73; 101-108) umgeben sind, der sie vor der Adsorption schützt.
  6. Kabel (7, 6, 9, 10) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolatoren (72, 73; 101-108), die die Leiter (71, 74; 91-98) umgeben, geringe und im Wesentlichen lineare Erinnerungseigenschaften aufweisen.
  7. Kabel (7, 8, 9, 10) nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Leiter (71, 74; 91-98) aus einem oder aus mehreren emaillierten Kupferdrähten hergestellt ist (sind).
  8. Kabel (7, 8, 9, 10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr (5) aus einem Kunststoff verwirklicht ist, in den leitende Partikel eingebracht sind.
  9. Kabel (7, 8, 9, 10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr auf einem ersten vorgegebenen Potential gehalten wird.
  10. Kabel (8, 10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr (75) außen durch einen isolierenden Überzug (76) isoliert ist.
  11. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr außen durch Verwendung einzeln isolierter Drähte isoliert ist.
  12. Kabel (8, 10) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das auf diese Weise isolierte absorbierende Rohr seinerseits von einer Polarisationsabschirmung (77) umgeben ist.
  13. Kabel (8) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Abschirmung (77) auf einem zweiten vorgegebenen Potential gehalten wird.
  14. Modulationskabel (7, 8) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zwei Leiter (71, 74) innerhalb desselben absorbierenden Rohrs (75) umfasst.
  15. Leistungskabel (9, 10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es innerhalb desselben absorbierenden Rohrs (75) mehrere parallelgeschaltete Leiter (91-98) umfasst.
  16. Leistungskabel (9, 10) nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallelgeschalteten Leiter (91-98) miteinander verdrillt sind.
  17. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Modulationskabels (7, 8) nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einem absorbierenden Rohr (75) aus Kunststoff, in den leitende Partikel eingebracht sind, wenigstens zwei leitende Drähte (71, 74) angeordnet werden, die vorher jeweils mit einer heißabgelagerten Emailleschicht (72, 73) überzogen worden sind.
  18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17 für die Herstellung eines abgeschirmten Modulationskabels (8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass um das absorbierende Rohr (75) eine aus einem geflochtenen leitenden Draht verwirklichte Abschirmung (77) angeordnet wird.
  19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr (75) vorher mit einer isolierende Schicht abgedeckt wird.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einzeln isolierte Drähte verwendet werden, um die Abschirmung des absorbierenden Rohrs zu isolieren.
  21. Verfahren für die Herstellung eines Leistungskabels (9, 10) nach einem der Ansprüche 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem absorbierenden Rohr (75) aus Kunststoff, in den leitende Partikel eingebracht sind, mehrere leitende Drähte (91-98) angeordnet werden, die vorher jeweils mit einer heißabgelagerten Emailleschicht (101-108) überzogen wurden und parallelgeschaltet sind.
  22. Verfahren nach Anspruch 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die leitenden Drähte (91-98) vorher in einer sogenannten Litzendraht-Konfiguration angeordnet werden.
  23. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 21 oder 22 für die Herstellung eines abgeschirmten Leistungskabels (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass um das absorbierende Rohr (75) eine Abschirmung (77) angeordnet wird, die aus einem geflochtenen leitenden Draht verwirklicht ist.
  24. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das absorbierende Rohr im Voraus mit einer isolierenden Schicht überzogen wird, um die Abschirmung in Bezug auf das absorbierende Rohr zu isolieren.
  25. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung einzeln isolierter Drähte, um die Abschirmung in Bezug auf das isolierende Rohr zu isolieren.
EP98922900A 1997-05-02 1998-04-29 Elektrisches kabel mit schwacher klangspeicherungsverzerrung Expired - Lifetime EP0979517B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9705472 1997-05-02
FR9705472A FR2762921B1 (fr) 1997-05-02 1997-05-02 Cable electrique ayant une faible memoire
PCT/FR1998/000867 WO1998050925A1 (fr) 1997-05-02 1998-04-29 Cable electrique ayant une faible memoire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0979517A1 EP0979517A1 (de) 2000-02-16
EP0979517B1 true EP0979517B1 (de) 2005-09-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98922900A Expired - Lifetime EP0979517B1 (de) 1997-05-02 1998-04-29 Elektrisches kabel mit schwacher klangspeicherungsverzerrung

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EP (1) EP0979517B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001523382A (de)
DE (1) DE69831488T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2762921B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1998050925A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4767890A (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-08-30 Magnan David L High fidelity audio cable
US4814548A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-03-21 Traversino Michael A Audio cable

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Publication number Publication date
DE69831488D1 (de) 2005-10-13
DE69831488T2 (de) 2006-07-13
EP0979517A1 (de) 2000-02-16
WO1998050925A1 (fr) 1998-11-12
FR2762921A1 (fr) 1998-11-06
JP2001523382A (ja) 2001-11-20
FR2762921B1 (fr) 1999-08-13

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