EP0977233A1 - Leistungsschalter mit hoher elektrodynamischer Festigkeit und Ausschaltleistung - Google Patents

Leistungsschalter mit hoher elektrodynamischer Festigkeit und Ausschaltleistung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0977233A1
EP0977233A1 EP99410088A EP99410088A EP0977233A1 EP 0977233 A1 EP0977233 A1 EP 0977233A1 EP 99410088 A EP99410088 A EP 99410088A EP 99410088 A EP99410088 A EP 99410088A EP 0977233 A1 EP0977233 A1 EP 0977233A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
opening
circuit breaker
threshold
finger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99410088A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0977233B1 (de
Inventor
Marc Rival
Marc Blancfene
Claude Grelier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE, Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0977233A1 publication Critical patent/EP0977233A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0977233B1 publication Critical patent/EP0977233B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/101—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening with increasing of contact pressure by electrodynamic forces before opening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/505—Latching devices between operating and release mechanism
    • H01H2071/507—Latching devices between operating and release mechanism being collapsible, e.g. yielding elastically, when the opening force is higher than a predetermined value
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control mechanism for a low multipole circuit breaker voltage with high electrodynamic resistance, and comprising an electric power circuit having, by pole, a pair of compensated contact members, held in position closing by effect of electrodynamic compensation of repulsion forces.
  • a mechanism of the kind mentioned is described in document EP-A-222,645 of the Applicant and includes a toggle device associated with a trigger hook and an opening spring for moving the movable contact to an open position when the hook is actuated from an armed position, towards a triggered position, a switching rod made of insulating material coupled to the toggle joint device extending transversely to the chassis, and comprising a rotary shaft for supporting the movable contact members of all poles, an opening pawl cooperating with the trigger hook to arm or trigger the mechanism, respectively in the locked position or in the unlocked position of said pawl, and a hooking latch controlled by a triggering member to actuate the pawl opening to the unlocked position.
  • the electrodynamic resistance of the circuit breaker results action of contact pressure springs on multiple fingers, and compensated contacts, the axis of articulation of which is subjected to mechanical reactions important.
  • the mechanism is able to collect these reactions for a maximum threshold of short circuit current. Beyond this threshold, reactions are likely to damage certain axes or transmission members of the mechanism, and risk increasing the effort of trip at the level of the floor comprising the hook, the opening pawl, and the lock.
  • the intervention of the instantaneous trigger requires an order response time 10 ms to trigger the mechanism, which is too long, if the circuit breaker performance must meet high electrodynamic strength and breaking capacity greater than 130kA.
  • the opening pawl has disengageable actuation means causing self-unlocking of the lock in the presence a short-circuit current exceeding a calibration threshold defined by means elastic, said self-unlocking being controlled from a mechanical reaction generated by the electrodynamic compensation effect, and causing an ultra-fast rotation of the lock to unlock the opening pawl before the intervention of the organ trigger.
  • circuit breaker obtained is very efficient in terms of electrodynamic resistance since self-unlocking is in practice tared for high current levels, in particular greater than 180 kA peak. To obtain sufficient breaking capacity, however, it is necessary to size the pole and its breaking chamber very widely, to the detriment overall size and price.
  • the invention therefore aims to produce a circuit breaker with high electrodynamic resistance, and very high breaking capacity, requiring a reduced tripping force, and a short tripping when a large short-circuit current appears, these performances to be obtained in a limited space and at low cost.
  • high electrodynamics comprising: a chassis, one or more poles comprising a pair of contact members comprising a movable contact member and another contact member contact, the movable contact member comprising a support cage movable relative to the chassis between an open position and a closed position, and one or more contact fingers movable relative to the support cage between a position of contact with the other contact member and a withdrawal position, each pole further comprising electromagnetic compensation means suitable for applying to the contact finger (s) electromagnetic forces tending to keep the finger (s) in contact with the other contact member, the circuit breaker further comprising an opening spring capable of relax from an armed position to an unarmed position, a kinematic chain cooperating with the opening spring and with the pair of contact members so that the expansion of the opening spring causes the support cage in its open position, this chain comprising a kinematic connecting member with the support cage, a mechanism opening control comprising an opening latch capable of assuming a position
  • the pole (s) also include electromagnetic limitation means capable of applying to the contact finger or fingers electromagnetic forces tending to entrain the finger or fingers towards their withdrawn position.
  • Electromagnetic compensation means and limitation means electromagnetic are such that when the intensity of the current flowing through the pair of organs contact is below a so-called limiting threshold, the finger (s) are kept in contact with the other contact member, and that beyond said threshold, the finger or fingers are drawn towards their withdrawal position. Finally, the whole is such that the result of the forces applied by the cage to the kinematic connecting member when the intensity of the current passing through the member of mobile contact reached the limitation threshold is below the ultra-fast opening threshold.
  • Contact separation limits the intensity of the short-circuit current flowing through the pole, for the time necessary for the opening of the circuit by the actuating means.
  • the circuit breaker thus makes it possible to cut presumed currents much higher than previously.
  • the limitation threshold preserves the high electrodynamic resistance wanted.
  • the actuation means they are the ones that confirm the shutdown in a very short time, before the
  • the actuation means comprise elastic means defining said ultra-fast opening threshold.
  • the intervention of the means actuation when exceeding the ultra-fast opening threshold is not instantaneous.
  • the spring must cover a certain stroke before causing the ultra-fast opening of the opening lock.
  • the electrodynamic forces must provide a certain energy which results in the mechanical work of compression of springs, before the ultra-fast opening order is transmitted. So there is a time limit, extremely short, before the opening takes place. This period is particularly set to profit when the elastic means are tared in such a way that the ultra-fast opening takes place after the intensity of the limited current has reached its maximum value. Therefore, the release of the opening lock occurs after the maximum current has been exceeded, even as the limited current flowing through the pole began to decrease. The efforts imparted to the end stops of the opening mechanism are therefore reduced, which increases the reliability of the device.
  • the pole (s) include a chamber of arc extinction, and a magnetic circuit arranged so as to generate a field magnetic function of the current flowing through the other contact member and directed so as to generate on the incipient electric arc during the separation of the contact members, forces tending to project the electric arc towards the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the pole or poles comprise a chamber of arc extinction, and a magnetic circuit arranged so as to generate a field magnetic function of the current flowing through the other contact member and directed so as to generate on the incipient electric arc during the separation of the contact members, forces tending to project the electric arc towards the arc extinguishing chamber. So the short circuit current is severely limited.
  • a mechanism 10 for controlling a circuit breaker multipolar is carried by a frame 12, and comprises a toggle device 14 having a pair of transmission rods 16, 18 articulated on a pivot axis 20.
  • the lower link 16 is mechanically coupled to a switching rod 22 in insulating material extending perpendicular to the flanges of the chassis 12.
  • the bar of switching 22 is common to all of the poles, and is constituted by a shaft mounted at rotation between an open position and a closed position of the contact members of the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker is of the high current type, and having a resistance high electrodynamics.
  • each pole there is a connecting rod 24 which connects a crank 25 from the bar 22 to an insulating cage 26 of a movable contact member 28.
  • the contact member mobile 28 cooperates with a fixed contact member 30, in the closed position, and is connected by a braid 32 to a first connection pad 34.
  • the fixed contact member 30 is carried directly by the second connection pad 36.
  • the pole includes a arc extinguishing chamber 35, the inlet of which is located near the contact members 28 and 30.
  • the cage 26 is pivotally mounted around a first axis 40 between the position of Figure 1 closure, and Figure 3 open position, and the contact member mobile 28 comprises a plurality of parallel fingers 41 articulated on a second axis 42 of the cage 26 between a contact position visible in FIG. 1 and a withdrawal position visible in Figure 2.
  • Each finger supports a contact pad 43 cooperating with a contact pad 45 of the fixed contact member 30, in the position of Figure 1.
  • Des contact pressure springs 38 are arranged between the cage 26 and the upper face of the fingers 41.
  • the position of the longitudinal axis of the rod 24 relative to the axis of rotation 40 of the cage 26 on the one hand and relative to the pivot axis of the switching rod 22 on the other hand, is characteristic of a circuit breaker with high electrodynamic resistance.
  • the large lever arm of the rod 24 relative to the axis 40 and the weak lever arm of the rod 24 relative to the axis of the switching rod 26 ensure that the circuit breaker control mechanism is not subjected to excessive forces when significant repulsion forces induced by high intensity currents are applied to contact fingers.
  • a significant part of the efforts is transmitted to support of the switch bar, while the torque applied by the rod 24 at the bar 22 remains moderate, which limits the stress on the other elements of the mechanism 10 linked to bars 22.
  • the toggle joint device 14 is associated with a trigger hook 44 mounted at limited tilting on a main axis 46 between an armed position and a position triggered.
  • the main axis 46 is integral with the chassis 12, and one of the ends of the hook 44 is articulated to the upper link 18 by an axis 48, while the other opposite end cooperates with an opening pawl 50.
  • An opening spring 52 is anchored between a lug 54 of the bar 22, and a fixed cleat 56 of the chassis 12, said cleat 56 being disposed above the toggle joint device 14.
  • the pawl opening 50 is formed by a locking lever 57 pivotally mounted on an axis 58, between a locked position and an unlocked position.
  • a hooking latch 60 in the shape of a half-moon is capable of moving the opening pawl 50 towards the unlocked position to trigger the mechanism 10.
  • a spring 62 for returning the opening pawl 50 is located opposite the latch hooking 60 relative to the axis 58, and urges the opening pawl 50 in the direction anti-clockwise to the locked position.
  • a roller 64 is formed on the lever locking 57 between the axis 58 and the latching lock 60, and cooperates in the armed position with a bearing surface 66 of the trigger hook 44.
  • the bearing surface 66 of the hook 44 has a recess in which the cylindrical roller 64 engages.
  • a return spring 68 is anchored between the axis 48 and the cleat 56 to urge the hook 44 counterclockwise to the armed position, in which the roller 64 of the opening pawl 50 is engaged in the recess of the bearing surface 66.
  • the latching latch 60 of the opening pawl 50 is controlled by a trigger 70 to drive the locking lever 57 to the unlocked position, causing the triggering of the mechanism 10, and the opening of the contact members 28, 30.
  • the triggering member 70 can be manually actuated, in particular by means of a push button, or automatic, in particular by a thermomagnetic trip device or electronic, or by a release trigger sensitive to a remote control signal.
  • the opening pawl 50 comprises a pair of flanges 72 for supporting the shaft 58 and the roller 64 mounted for free rotation.
  • the declutching threshold is calibrated by means of two compression springs 74, 76, arranged between a plate 78 guide integral with the flanges 72, and a retaining lever 80 articulated on the axis 58.
  • the end of the retaining lever 80 is provided with a spout 82 intended to hang on the latch 60 in the latched position of the pawl 50.
  • An end of travel stop 84 is secured to the flanges 72, and is capable of limiting the pivoting movement of the pawl 50 in the unlocked position.
  • Each flange 72 comprises an operating ramp 86 arranged in the vicinity of the spout 82 of the lever restraint 80, the inclination of the ramp 86 being chosen to cause self-unlocking of the lock 60, when the calibration threshold of the springs 74, 76 is exceeded.
  • the opening pawl 50 is arranged in a disengageable assembly allowing self-unlocking of latch 60 in the presence of a short-circuit current exceeding one predetermined threshold thereafter called declutching threshold.
  • the contact members 28, 30 and the pads 34, 36 form a first circuit structure electric in U, the second articulation axis 42 of the fingers of the movable contact 28 being located at a third of the distance separating the two areas 34, 36.
  • the structure 88 of such a circuit constitutes a compensation system for electrodynamic repulsion forces capable of keep the contact members closed in the presence of a short-circuit current.
  • the fixed contact member forms a second U-shaped circuit structure, laid in such a way so that its lateral branches point away from the contact pad 34.
  • the patch contact 45 is supported by one of the legs of this U, on the side of its free end. In closed position, the contact fingers 41 extend almost parallel to the tab of the U carrying the fixed contact pad 45.
  • a magnetic sheet 92 in U is inserted in the U formed by the fixed contact member.
  • the structure 90 of such a circuit constitutes a limiting system capable of move the movable contact pads 43 away from the pad 45 from the fixed contact, in the presence of a short-circuit current exceeding a certain threshold set by the setting of the pressure springs contact 38.
  • the bearing surface 66 of the hook trigger 44 exerts a force F on the roller 64, and urges the opening pawl 50 into clockwise rotation around the axis 58 until the spout 82 is hooked to the latch 60.
  • the circuit breaker is then in a stable position for closing the members contact 30, 28.
  • the fingers are subjected to different forces shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.
  • the current passing through the pellets 43 generates repulsive constriction forces F S , of which the moment relative to the pivot axis 42 of the fingers 41 tends to lift them.
  • the second U-shaped circuit structure 90 also generates a moment tending to open the fingers 41.
  • the electric charges flowing in the contact fingers 41 are subjected to electromagnetic forces due to the field induced by the charges circulating in the U formed by the fixed contact member 30 and concentrated by the magnetic U 92.
  • the sum of the moments generated by the contact pressure springs 38 and by the first U-shaped structure 88 is greater than the sum of the moments generated by the necking forces on the pads 43 and by the second structure. 90 in U.
  • the pellets 43, 45 are kept in contact.
  • the sum of the moments generated by the contact pressure springs and by the first U-shaped structure grows less quickly with the current than the sum of the moments generated by the necking forces and by the second U-shaped structure.
  • I L of the intensity of the current circulating in the pole called thereafter limitation threshold, beyond which the sum of the moments generated by the contact pressure springs and by the first U- shaped structure becomes lower to the sum of the moments generated by the necking forces and by the second U-shaped structure.
  • the contact fingers 41 pivot around the axis 42, up to the position of FIG. 2.
  • the electromagnetic field concentrated by the magnetic U in the region of the pellets of the organs contact then promotes the expulsion of the electric arc to the breaking chamber, which promotes rapid limitation of the current flowing through the pole.
  • the electromagnetic forces on the cage also continue to increase, and when the intensity of the current passing through the pole reaches a second threshold value I C higher than the first, the force F exceeds the calibration threshold of the pawl 50, which is defined by the springs 74, 76, and begins to rotate the opening pawl 50 clockwise.
  • the spout 82 of the lever retainer 80 remains in engagement with the latch 60, but the flanges 72 of the pawl 50 begin to rotate around axis 58 clockwise. From a calibrated effort corresponding to the self-unlocking threshold of the latching lock 60, the ramps 86 of the flanges 72 of the pawl 50 cooperate with the half-moon of the latch 60, and causes its rotation clockwise F1, so as to release the retaining spout 80, causing the movement of the opening pawl towards the unlocked position (figure 6). The exhaust roller 64 also releases the trigger hook 44, which causes the opening contact members 30, 28 by the opening spring 52 associated with the device knee pad 14.
  • the triggering of the mechanism 10 by the disengaging effect of the opening pawl 50 is ultra fast, and operates before the intervention of the triggering member 70, which has a response time which is a function of the type of thermomagnetic trip device or electronics used in the circuit breaker.
  • the presence of the opening pawl 50 to self-disengaging of the lock 60 allows the mechanical protection of the circuit breaker ultra-fast, while remaining compatible with instant protection of the trigger.
  • the springs 74, 76 are calibrated so that the threshold I C is of the order of 110% of I L.
  • the ultra-rapid self-unlocking of the mechanism 10 is carried out for a high current level, in particular greater than 100 kA.
  • the circuit breaker therefore remains essentially a selective circuit breaker with high electrodynamic resistance. Its limiting nature is sensitive only from 90% of its selectivity threshold. It is this limiting character which gives it excellent cutting power.
  • FIG. 8 An example of the chronological sequence of opening in the presence of a short-circuit current has been reproduced in FIG. 8.
  • the pole is crossed by the current I L : the contact fingers begin to separate and there appears an arc voltage U arc , which increases as a first approximation with the distance X separating the contact pads .
  • the contact fingers are sufficiently distant and the arc large enough for the magnetic U to project the arc into the chamber. From this moment, the arc voltage increases more quickly.
  • the contact fingers continue their repulsion travel and reach their maximum repulsion position X R in FIG. 3 at t 3 .
  • the current reaches a value I C which causes the opening pawl to move.
  • the distance between contact pads does not vary before the mechanical work necessary for the compression of the springs 74, 76 has been delivered.
  • the opening of the control mechanism by disengaging the opening lock 60 takes place only at an instant t 6 after t 4 .
  • the arc voltage continues to increase by expansion in the breaking chamber to the point of reaching at time t 5 , then exceeding, the network voltage.
  • the intensity of the limited current reached is maximum.
  • the opening of the control mechanism 10 to t 6 is therefore done in a phase of decrease in the intensity of the current, which ensures a relatively slow opening which spares the limit stops of the movable elements of the mechanism 10.
  • the movable pads 43 reach their position in FIG. 3, at the distance X o from the fixed pad.
  • the relative displacement between the flanges 72 and the lever retaining 80 of the opening pawl 50 is effected by a rotational movement having a low angular travel. It is clear that this relative displacement can be obtained by a translational movement thanks to an oblong light.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP99410088A 1998-07-29 1999-07-22 Leistungsschalter mit hoher elektrodynamischer Festigkeit und Ausschaltleistung Expired - Lifetime EP0977233B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9809938 1998-07-29
FR9809938A FR2781921B1 (fr) 1998-07-29 1998-07-29 Disjoncteur a tenue electrodynamique et pouvoir de coupure eleves

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0977233A1 true EP0977233A1 (de) 2000-02-02
EP0977233B1 EP0977233B1 (de) 2006-05-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99410088A Expired - Lifetime EP0977233B1 (de) 1998-07-29 1999-07-22 Leistungsschalter mit hoher elektrodynamischer Festigkeit und Ausschaltleistung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6018284A (de)
EP (1) EP0977233B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4278787B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1168114C (de)
DE (1) DE69931109T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2262299T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2781921B1 (de)

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DE10164517A1 (de) * 2001-12-19 2003-07-17 Siemens Ag Strombegrenzender Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter
DE10164517B4 (de) * 2001-12-19 2004-02-19 Siemens Ag Strombegrenzender Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter
FR2945661A1 (fr) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-19 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Evaluation de l'usure de contacts enfonces par la variation de la rotation de l'arbre des poles
EP2254136A1 (de) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-24 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Apparat zur Bestimmung der Integrität von Kontakten, die durch die Variation der Wellendrehung der Pole gedrückt sind und sein Herstellungsverfahren
CN101894692A (zh) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-24 施耐德电器工业公司 通过极柱轴旋转角变化来评估按压触头的完整性
US8264232B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2012-09-11 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Evaluation of the integrity of depressed contacts by variation of the rotation of the pole-shaft

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FR2781921A1 (fr) 2000-02-04
DE69931109T2 (de) 2006-10-12
JP2000106075A (ja) 2000-04-11
JP4278787B2 (ja) 2009-06-17
DE69931109D1 (de) 2006-06-08
EP0977233B1 (de) 2006-05-03
FR2781921B1 (fr) 2000-09-15
US6018284A (en) 2000-01-25
CN1168114C (zh) 2004-09-22
CN1253371A (zh) 2000-05-17
ES2262299T3 (es) 2006-11-16

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