EP3232459B1 - Elektrisches gerät zum leitungsschutz - Google Patents

Elektrisches gerät zum leitungsschutz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3232459B1
EP3232459B1 EP17305409.9A EP17305409A EP3232459B1 EP 3232459 B1 EP3232459 B1 EP 3232459B1 EP 17305409 A EP17305409 A EP 17305409A EP 3232459 B1 EP3232459 B1 EP 3232459B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
differential
contact
trigger
contacts
switch according
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EP17305409.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3232459A1 (de
Inventor
Vincent BOITEUX
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Hager Electro SAS
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Hager Electro SAS
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Publication of EP3232459A1 publication Critical patent/EP3232459A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1072—Release mechanisms which are reset by opening movement of contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a differential switch (RCCB).
  • RRCB differential switch
  • the differential relay There is a precise and sensitive mechanism housed inside the differential relay. It is generally a magnetic circuit composed of a movable pallet driven remotely or against the pole surfaces of a fixed armature. These pole surfaces are ground in order to obtain high precision in the operation of the relay. In the case of a differential relay, when the pallet is positioned on the armature, it is said to be closed or armed, and when the pallet is at a distance from the armature, it is said to be open or tripped.
  • Polar surfaces are very stressed in the electrical device. They are in particular requested each time the relay is reset, which takes place after a differential tripping, and which also takes place during each manipulation of the handle to open the contacts. In the latter case, since it is a manual manipulation without a differential tripping has not taken place previously, the relay is already armed, and the lock “forces” the re-arming of the relay causing vibrations and friction of the movable pallet on the pole surfaces, and causing premature wear of the pole surfaces.
  • This wear changes the air gap between the movable vane and a first of the pole surfaces on one side, and between the movable vane and a second of the pole surfaces on the other side.
  • the power of the relay will drift downwards because the paddle is further from the polar surface than it should be. This downward drift means that the relay then needs less power to trip, and the relay will even end up tripping on its own without there being a differential fault. The device is then non-functional, and it will no longer be possible to reset the lock.
  • the currently implemented solution consists of declaring a limited number of cycles for the device. The user will know that beyond this number of cycles, the device may be faulty. This solution does not solve the technical problem mentioned above, and is not satisfactory.
  • circuit breaker for the detection of overloads comprising a plurality of movable contacts capable of being separated from fixed contacts, in order to open an electrical circuit to be protected.
  • This circuit breaker comprises thermoelectric means for detecting overloads.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, by proposing a differential switch comprising a differential tripping device which allows effective protection against differential faults, and which does not constitute a point of weakness for the general life of the device. 'apparatus.
  • This device is characterized mainly in that it comprises a first kinematics for the opening of the contacts following a manual action on the lever and a second kinematics for the opening of the contacts following a differential tripping, said two kinematics being decorrelated from one another so as to reset the differential tripping device only when the second kinematics are implemented.
  • kinematics should be understood or should be understood as being a mechanical system producing a kinematic or movement chain or as being a kinematic system or a kinematic mechanism.
  • the idea at the basis of the invention consists in reducing the stresses on the differential tripping device by the lock, rather than asking the users to count the number of cycles.
  • a reset is carried out after, and only after, a differential trip. In no other case is the differential tripping device requested.
  • this new operation of the device uses the conventional parts of a lock, but with some adaptations and modifications of parts making it possible to obtain two different kinematics of the lock depending on the type of release.
  • the first kinematics is implemented for manual triggering of the device following a manual action performed directly on the lever, while the second kinematics is implemented for automatic differential tripping following the appearance of a differential fault. on a line.
  • the same parts are used in both cutscenes, but have different movements depending on the trigger type. And in particular, only the second kinematics makes it possible to reset the differential tripping device.
  • the first kinematics does not act on the differential tripping device.
  • the second kinematics includes a mechanism for resetting the differential tripping device.
  • This reset mechanism is adapted to be activated by a transfer of energy from the contact carrier, said energy being created when the contacts close and restored when the contacts are opened.
  • the springs associated with the contact carrier compress and store energy.
  • the second kinematics starts, and causes the movement of the contact carrier so as to move the mobile contact away from the fixed contact. During this movement, the springs of the contact carrier relax and return this energy to the reset mechanism to implement the reset of the differential tripping device.
  • said differential tripping device comprises a tripping pusher movable between a retracted position when the differential tripping device is armed, and an extended position when the differential tripping device has just tripped, said reset mechanism being activated. when the pusher takes the extended position and allowing the pusher to move from the extended position to the retracted position.
  • the reset mechanism engages via the exit of the pusher, and generates a succession of driving movements which ultimately cause the retraction of the pusher.
  • the contact holder 8 which consists of an assembly carrying movable contacts 8a.
  • These movable contacts 8a are moved at a distance or against fixed contacts 8b, also four in number, against contact springs 8c having a tendency to move the movable contacts 8a away from the fixed contacts 8b.
  • the contact carrier 8 moves against at least one contact carrier spring 8d which then compresses.
  • the contact carrier 8 is connected to a handle 9 for controlling the contacts via a first connecting rod 7 and a second connecting rod 6.
  • the handle 9 is movable in rotation between an ON position where the contacts are closed, and an OFF position where the contacts are open.
  • These connecting rods 6, 7 make it possible to transmit the rotational movement of the handle 9 to the contact holder 8 so that it opens or closes the contacts.
  • the first link 7 is in a pivot connection at its first end 7a with the contact carrier 8, and in a pivot connection at its second end 7b with a first end 6a of the second link 6, the latter being in a pivot connection at its second end 6b with the handle 9.
  • the handle 9 has a protuberance 9b inside which there is a housing accommodating the second pivoting end 6b of the second connecting rod 6. This housing is offset with respect to the axis 9a of rotation (better visible in figure 2 ) of joystick 9.
  • a differential tripping device 1 corresponding to a differential relay 1.
  • This relay 1 conventionally consists of a magnetic circuit, with a fixed armature generally U-shaped, and a movable paddle attracted magnetically by the armature and able to come into contact with the ends of the two branches of the U. These ends are commonly called polar surfaces.
  • the pallet can either be mobile in rotation or mobile in translation. It is associated with a push-button which translates between a retracted position, in this case the paddle is in contact with the pole surfaces and relay 1 is armed, and an extended position, in this case the paddle is at a distance from the pole surfaces and the relay 1 is triggered.
  • This spring element 11 consists in this example of a helical spring 11, but could quite correspond to a flexible leaf or to any other form of spring 11. It comprises a first free end 11a able to be driven by the second arm 4c of the spring. trigger 4, and a second free end 11b able to come to bear on the second face 2b of the rocker 2 in order to make it pivot to retract the pusher. It is the action of the trigger 4 on the first free end 11a of the spring 11 which makes it possible to pivot the spring 11 and in particular to cause the second free end 11b of the spring 11 to pivot in order to reset the relay 1 by retracting the pusher.
  • the rocker 2, the pawl 3, the trigger 4, and the spring 11 form the reset mechanism of relay 1.
  • the device handle 9 is in the ON position, that is to say directed to the left in the figure, and the contacts are closed.
  • Relay 1 is armed, and the push-button is in the retracted position.
  • the rocker 2 is pressed against the pusher of the relay 1 and held in place with a certain play by the tab 3b of the pawl 3.
  • the projection 3c of the pawl 3 blocks the first arm 4b of the trigger 4 in the raised position.
  • the second arm 4c of the trigger 4 is at a distance from the first free end 11a of the spring 11 and therefore exerts no action on the spring 11.
  • the push button of relay 1, rocker 2, pawl 3, trip unit 4, and spring 11 hardly move during manual opening and closing of the contacts.
  • the trigger 4 is never in contact with the spring 11.
  • the first connecting rod 7 drives the contact carrier 8 in clockwise rotation, causing the moving contacts 8a to move away from the fixed contacts 8b: the contacts are then open.
  • the operator actuates the lever 9 to reset the device by moving it to the left, the protuberance 9b accommodating the second end 6b of the second connecting rod 6 rotates counterclockwise around the axis of rotation 9a lever 9, driving the second connecting rod 6 downwards, as shown in figure 5 .
  • the second link 6 in turn drives down the second end 7b of the first link 7 and the first end 5a of the third link 5.
  • the angle between the first 7 and third connecting rod 5 become more and more obtuse, until the lever 9 reaches the end of its travel on its left, as illustrated in figure 6 , which corresponds to the ON position.
  • the figure 6 and the figure 2 are the same.
  • the first connecting rod 7 drives the contact holder 8 in anti-clockwise rotation, causing the movable contacts 8a to move closer to the fixed contacts 8b, until they close.
  • the device is in the same configuration as figures 2 and 6 , that is to say with handle 9 in the ON position, and the contacts closed.
  • the pusher pushes on the first face 2a of the rocker 2 so as to rotate it clockwise, as illustrated in figure 8 .
  • the free end of the tab 3b of the pawl 3 slides on a second face 2b of the lever 2, opposite to the first face 2a.
  • the second face 2b of the rocker 2 and the free end of the pawl 3 have corresponding shapes, allowing them to slide one over the other, the clockwise pivoting of the rocker 2 causing the counterclockwise pivoting of the pawl 3, like two cogwheels.
  • the projection 3c of the pawl 3 also has a counterclockwise rotation movement, and thus frees the first arm 4b of the trigger 4 which then drops downwards by rotating counterclockwise on a first angular sector until opening of contacts.
  • the rotation of the trigger 4 allows its protuberance 4f to pivot and therefore to move the third connecting rod 5 which pulls the contact carrier 8 to open the contacts.
  • the second arm 4c of the trigger 4 bears on the first free end 11a of the reset spring 11, and exerts sufficient force to rotate the spring 11 in the direction counterclockwise, as shown in figure 9 .
  • the second free end 11b of the spring 11 bears against the second face 2b of the rocker 2, and exerts a force sufficient to make the rocker 2 turn counterclockwise against the pusher and the spring 11 of the movable pallet, until the latter is again in contact with the polar surfaces.
  • the push-button is therefore again in the retracted position, and relay 1 is reset.
  • the force exerted by the trigger 4 on the resetting spring 11 comes from the energy stored by the contact carrier during the closing of the contacts, by the compression of the contact springs 8c and of the contact carrier spring 8d. Before the opening of the contacts, this energy is contained thanks to the lever 9 which is in abutment in its ON position, and thanks to the trip unit 4 which is in abutment against the pawl 3. When the contacts are opened, the contact springs 8c and the contact carrier spring 8d relax and restore this energy to the trigger via the first link 7 and the third link 5.
  • the third connecting rod 5 first pulls the contact holder to open the contacts then transfers the energy to the trigger 4 so that it continues its rotation in anticlockwise. This energy is sufficient to reset relay 1 as explained previously.
  • the resetting spring 11 is calibrated in order to be able to carry out a suitable resetting of the relay 1.
  • the first connecting rod 7 then starts to rotate counterclockwise under the effect of a lever spring (not shown) so as to pull the first end 5a of the third connecting rod 5 towards the high.
  • the angle between the first connecting rod 7 and the third connecting rod 5 decreases, to become an acute angle.
  • the first end 6a of the second connecting rod 6 is necessarily pulled upwards, causing the pivoting of the lever 9 via the second end 6b of the second connecting rod 6 to compensate for this variation in height.
  • the lever 9 is thus progressively directed to the right until it comes to a stop (OFF position) as shown in figure 11 .
  • the trigger 4 pivots clockwise under the effect of the lever 9 returning to the OFF position via its lever spring, until it returns to the initial position, that is to say to the position in which it was located before the triggering of the relay 1.
  • the pawl 3 also returns to the initial position, and its projection 3c is repositioned in abutment on the first arm 4b of the trigger 4 in order to retain it until the next differential triggering.
  • the tab 3b of the pawl 3 is repositioned in front of the second face 2b of the lever 2.
  • the relay 1 reset mechanism is again in place and operational for the next differential trip.
  • the control handle 9 is in the OFF position and the contacts are open, pending a manual reset of the device (see figures 4 to 6 ).

Claims (15)

  1. Differentialschalter, welcher umfasst:
    - einen drehbaren Kontaktträger (8), wenigstens einen festen Kontakt (8b), wenigstens einen beweglichen Kontakt (8a), der an dem drehbaren Kontaktträger (8) befestigt ist, einen Steuerhebel (9) des wenigstens einen beweglichen Kontakts (8a) ;
    - ein mechanisches Schloss, das in der Lage ist, im Anschluss an eine manuelle Betätigung des Hebels (9) zu kippen und dabei das Öffnen/Schließen der Kontakte zu bewirken;
    - eine von dem Steuerhebel (9) gesteuerte Trennvorrichtung, die den beweglichen Kontakt (8a) von einem festen Kontakt (8b) entfernt oder zu ihm hinbewegt, wobei der Hebel (9) mit dem Kontaktträger (8) über das mechanische Schloss verbunden ist;
    - eine Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) vom Typ eines Differentialrelais, die in der Lage ist, im Falle des Auftretens eines Differentialfehlers in der Leitung ein Kippen des mechanischen Schlosses zu bewirken, um die Kontakte zu öffnen, und nach der Auslösung durch das Schloss zurücksetzbar ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Schloss eine erste Kinematik für das Öffnen der Kontakte im Anschluss an eine manuelle Betätigung des Hebels (9) und eine zweite Kinematik für das Öffnen der Kontakte im Anschluss an eine Differentialauslösung aufweist, wobei die zwei Kinematiken dekorreliert voneinander sind, so dass die Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) ausschließlich bei der Durchführung der zweiten Kinematik zurückgesetzt wird.
  2. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Kinematik einen Rückstellmechanismus der Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) aufweist.
  3. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rückstellmechanismus dafür ausgelegt ist, durch eine Übertragung von Energie von dem Kontaktträger (8) aktiviert zu werden, wobei die Energie beim Schließen der Kontakte erzeugt wird und beim Öffnen der Kontakte wieder freigesetzt wird.
  4. Differentialschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) einen Auslösestößel umfasst, der zwischen einer eingefahrenen Position, wenn die Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) aktiv ist, und einer ausgefahrenen Position, wenn die Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) ausgelöst worden ist, beweglich ist, wobei der Rückstellmechanismus beaufschlagt wird, wenn der Stößel die ausgefahrene Position einnimmt, und dem Stößel ermöglicht, sich von der ausgefahrenen Position in die eingefahrene Position zu bewegen.
  5. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rückstellmechanismus aufweist:
    - eine Wippe (2), die in der Lage ist, sich in einer ersten Drehrichtung zu drehen, wenn der Stößel die ausgefahrene Position einnimmt;
    - ein mechanisches Mittel zur Umkehrung der Drehrichtung der Wippe (2), um zu bewirken, dass sich der Stößel von der ausgefahrenen Position in Richtung der eingefahrenen Position bewegt.
  6. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Mittel zur Umkehrung der Drehrichtung der Wippe (2) aufweist:
    - eine drehbare Klinke (3), die von der Wippe (2) bei ihrer Schwenkung in der ersten Drehrichtung angetrieben wird;
    - einen drehbaren Auslöser (4), der von der Klinke (3) angetrieben wird;
    - ein Federelement (11), das von dem Auslöser (4) angetrieben wird und auf der Wippe (2) zur Anlage kommt.
  7. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Anschluss an eine Differentialauslösung der Auslöser (4) schwenkt und eine Kraft auf das Federelement (11) ausübt, so dass bewirkt wird, dass die Wippe (2) in einer zweiten Drehrichtung schwenkt, um zu bewirken, dass sich der Stößel in Richtung der eingefahrenen Position bewegt.
  8. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er wenigstens eine Schubstange (5) aufweist, und dadurch, dass die auf das Federelement (11) ausgeübte Kraft von der Energie des Kontaktträgers (8) stammt, die über die wenigstens eine Schubstange (5) auf den Auslöser (4) übertragen wird.
  9. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwenkung des Auslösers (4) das Öffnen der Kontakte über die Schubstange (5) und den Kontaktträger (8) bewirkt.
  10. Differentialschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auslöser (4) einen ersten Arm (4b), der in der Lage ist, mit der Klinke (3) zusammenzuwirken, und einen zweiten Arm (4c), der in der Lage ist, mit dem Federelement (11) zusammenzuwirken, aufweist.
  11. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Federelement (11) ein erstes freies Ende (11a), das von dem zweiten Arm (4c) des Auslösers (4) antreibbar ist, und ein zweites freies Ende (11b), das in der Lage ist, auf der Wippe (2) zur Anlage zu kommen, um zu bewirken, dass sich der Stößel in seine eingefahrene Position bewegt, aufweist.
  12. Differentialschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klinke (3) eine Lasche (3b) aufweist, die in der Lage ist, mit der Wippe (2) zusammenzuwirken, und einen Vorsprung (3c), der in der Lage ist, den ersten Arm (4b) des Auslösers (4) im normalen Betrieb des Differentialschalters zu halten, und in der Lage ist, den ersten Arm (4b) des Auslösers (4) bei einer Differentialauslösung freizugeben, was die Freisetzung der Energie, die von dem Kontaktträger (8) stammt, zur Folge hat, um ein Schwenken des Auslösers (4) zu bewirken.
  13. Differentialschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er wenigstens eine Schubstange (5) aufweist, und dadurch, dass der Auslöser (4), bei seiner Drehung während einer Differentialauslösung, auf einem ersten Winkelsektor den Kontaktträger (8) über die wenigstens eine Schubstange (5) in Bewegung setzt, um die Kontakte zu öffnen, und auf einem zweiten Winkelsektor, der sich an den ersten Winkelsektor anschließt, von der Energie des Kontaktträgers (8) über die wenigstens eine Schubstange (5) angetrieben wird, um eine Kraft auf das Federelement (11) auszuüben, um die Differentialauslösevorrichtung (1) zurückzusetzen.
  14. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auslöser (4) eine Drehbewegung auf dem ersten Winkelsektor aufweist, wenn sich der Stößel von seiner eingefahrenen Position in seine ausgefahrene Position bewegt.
  15. Differentialschalter nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auslöser (4) eine Drehbewegung auf dem zweiten Winkelsektor aufweist, wenn sich der Stößel von seiner ausgefahrenen Position in seine eingefahrene Position bewegt.
EP17305409.9A 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 Elektrisches gerät zum leitungsschutz Active EP3232459B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1653302A FR3050313B1 (fr) 2016-04-14 2016-04-14 Appareil electrique de protection de ligne

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EP3232459A1 EP3232459A1 (de) 2017-10-18
EP3232459B1 true EP3232459B1 (de) 2020-08-19

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3350525A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-10-31 Gen Electric Circuit breaker resetting mechanism
JPS59189529A (ja) * 1983-04-13 1984-10-27 株式会社日立製作所 配線用遮断器
DE3643511A1 (de) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Mechanismus fuer einen mit einem leitungsschutzschalter kombinierten fehlerstromschutzschalter
FR2628262B1 (fr) * 1988-03-04 1995-05-12 Merlin Gerin Mecanisme de commande d'un bloc auxiliaire de declenchement pour disjoncteur modulaire
FR2663153B1 (fr) * 1990-06-07 1992-09-11 Legrand Sa Dispositif de declenchement differentiel.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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FR3050313A1 (fr) 2017-10-20
FR3050313B1 (fr) 2021-02-19
EP3232459A1 (de) 2017-10-18

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