EP0976921B1 - Method and apparatus for monitoring fuel supply system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for monitoring fuel supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0976921B1
EP0976921B1 EP99103561A EP99103561A EP0976921B1 EP 0976921 B1 EP0976921 B1 EP 0976921B1 EP 99103561 A EP99103561 A EP 99103561A EP 99103561 A EP99103561 A EP 99103561A EP 0976921 B1 EP0976921 B1 EP 0976921B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
change
pressure signal
signal
value
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EP99103561A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0976921A2 (en
EP0976921A3 (en
Inventor
Christof Hammel
Juergen Biester
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/222Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of sensors or parameter detection devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/222Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of sensors or parameter detection devices
    • F02D2041/223Diagnosis of fuel pressure sensors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/227Limping Home, i.e. taking specific engine control measures at abnormal conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602Fuel pressure
    • F02D2200/0604Estimation of fuel pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device to monitor a fuel metering system Internal combustion engine according to the generic terms of independent Expectations.
  • the pressure is in the range between a few 100 bar to approx. 2000 bar. Within this Range, the pressure sensor must reliably give a signal provide. A failure of the pressure sensor or a faulty signal from the pressure sensor leads to an inaccurate Fuel metering.
  • the invention is based, with one Method and a device of the type mentioned the accuracy of the fuel metering, especially the Improve detection of the pressure signal. This task will by those characterized in the independent claims Features solved.
  • the control signal for a pressure influencing Actuator is used particularly advantageously as a size, which affects the pressure, since this size is already in Control unit is present.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a common rail system
  • Figure 2 a Characteristic curve of a pressure sensor
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a common rail system as a block diagram shown.
  • a control is designated by 100.
  • This includes a pressure controller 101, which is a switching means 102 controlled and with the output signals of a Current measuring means 103 is applied.
  • the current control 101 also processes the output signal of a pressure sensor 110 and the output signals from further sensors 105 first input of switching means 102 is via the Current measuring means 103 connected to battery voltage.
  • the second connection of the switching means 102 is with a coil 115 in contact, the second input of which is connected to ground in Connection is established.
  • the other sensors 105 are sensors, the different operating states of the internal combustion engine and of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine to capture. This is for example the Speed N of the internal combustion engine and the accelerator pedal position, that identify the driver request.
  • the pressure sensor 110 detects the pressure in a memory 112, which is also called a rail, and which the High pressure area of the fuel metering system is assigned.
  • the rail 112 has various injectors 111 in Contact.
  • the rail 112 is connected via a high-pressure line 122 a high pressure pump 125 connected.
  • the high pressure line 122 is also via a pressure control valve 120 with a Return line 121 in contact.
  • the high pressure pump 125 is stopped with a prefeed pump 127 and a filter 129 with a Tank in connection. With the tank there is also Return line 121 in connection.
  • the pre-feed pump 127 pumps the fuel out of the tank via the filter 129 to high pressure pump 125.
  • This area is called Designated low pressure range.
  • the high pressure pump 125 delivers the fuel under high pressure over the High pressure line 122 in the rail 112.
  • the pressure in the rail 112 and thus in the high pressure area by means of the pressure sensor 110 detected and fed to the controller 100.
  • the controller 100 applies sensors to the injectors 111 with control signals that control the fuel metering.
  • the pressure in the High-pressure line 122 and thus in the rail 112 to predeterminable Values can be set.
  • the pressure control valve 120 is like this trained that it at a predetermined pressure in High pressure area the connection to the return line 121 releases and thus the pressure is reduced until it is below the predeterminable pressure value drops.
  • the pressure value at which the Pressure regulating valve 120 releases the connection by means of the coil 115 can be set. Depending on the current I, that flows through the coil 115 and / or that on the coil applied voltage, pose different Pressure values in the high pressure range.
  • the pressure can also be regulated by other actuators respectively. As an alternative or in addition, it can be provided that that the pressure is also influenced by the high pressure pump 125 controlled and / or regulated.
  • FIG. 2 An example of a sensor characteristic, the dependency of the Pressure P from the control signal of the pressure control valve 120 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the ideal characteristic is marked with a solid line.
  • the real Characteristic curve has a hysteresis and is one dotted line. Due to measurement errors an error may occur in the signal that leads to a dash-dotted line can lead.
  • the measured values are checked for plausibility in terms of whether this at a certain current value I1 these errors must be taken into account. This means that the value of the pressure P is between the value P + ⁇ P and the value P- ⁇ P in an allowable range.
  • the pressure sensor can be monitored in that two values P- ⁇ P and P + ⁇ P for the minimum and maximum possible value of pressure at a certain current value is specified. With these values the pressure P, which is from Sensor is measured, compared. If the exceeds measured value is below the value P + ⁇ P measured value the value P- ⁇ P is recognized by the device faulty pressure sensor. It is particularly advantageous if the values P + ⁇ P and P- ⁇ P depending on the operating point, in particular depending on the speed of the internal combustion engine become. A disadvantage of this procedure is that due to numerous tolerances the value range between the values P- ⁇ P and P + ⁇ P must be chosen very large in order to rule out a misdiagnosis.
  • control signal of the pressure control valve is increased by one changed defined value and the change in pressure detected. With this method only differential quantities are used considered, this reduces the overall tolerance considerably. Instead of the control signal for the Pressure regulating valve can also be other size, the pressure influence, be changed.
  • a Operating state in which the check is carried out can exists, for example, when the engine is in a static Operating state in which the Only slightly change operating parameters over time.
  • step 310 a first value for the pressure P1, which is present in the control signal I1 for the pressure control valve, is detected in step 310.
  • the control system specifies a second value I2 for the control signal and the pressure P2 is detected with this control signal.
  • Block 340 gives the setpoint PLC for the slope depending on various operating parameters, such as for example the control signal for the pressure control valve in front.
  • the query 350 checks whether the amount of the deviation between the measured slope SP and the setpoint SPS for the slope is greater than a first threshold S1. is if this is not the case, query 300 occurs again this is the case, that is, the slope softens more than one first threshold value S1 from the expected PLC, so recognizes setting up for errors.
  • a subsequent query 360 checks whether the amount of discrepancy between the measured slope SP and the setpoint SPS for the slope is greater than a second threshold value S2.
  • step 380 emergency operation is preferably initiated in this way. It If further measures can also be provided, then for example, an error memory is also set and / or Error display can be activated.
  • the query recognizes that the amount of deviation is smaller than the second threshold value, the drift becomes the Pressure signal out. This means in step 370 appropriate measures are initiated.
  • two threshold values S1 and S2 are provided, wherein when a first is exceeded Threshold a drift of the sensor and when exceeded of the second threshold value S2 a defect of the sensor is recognized , the second threshold being an amount assumes a larger value than the first threshold value.
  • Threshold value S1 provided.
  • the sensor characteristic is a so-called offset error having.
  • the pressure signal with an expected value is compared.
  • a faulty pressure signal detected is detected.
  • This review is done preferably in operating conditions in which the fuel is completely relaxed in the rail. This is for example in the Initialization phase of the control unit before and / or at Start, in the wake or in overrun the case. Further this check can be done when the pressure control valve so controlled that it opens completely. The one in this State-setting pressure is known.
  • the actuator that affects the pressure such controlled that the lowest possible pressure is established.
  • the control is preferably carried out in such a way that the pressure corresponds to atmospheric pressure.
  • the pressure signal takes values that are much larger than the expected value the device recognizes a so-called offset error.
  • US corresponds to the control signal that is actually required is to adjust the pressure P.
  • This dependency will approximated by a straight line through the slope SP and the offset UDS is defined.
  • the slope SP becomes as above described determined. This is used to determine the offset Actuator 120 controlled so that the pressure is the value Assumes zero.
  • the control signal required for this is used as offset value UDS.
  • the pressure P is calculated using the nominal sensor characteristic curve based on the control signal AND in accordance with the following relationship.
  • P (UKOR - UDN) / PLC

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß den Oberbegriffen der unabhängige Ansprüche.The invention relates to a method and a device to monitor a fuel metering system Internal combustion engine according to the generic terms of independent Expectations.

Aus der DE-OS 195 47 647 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumeßsystems einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei dem der Kraftstoff mittels einer Pumpe in einen Speicher gefördert wird. Vom Speicher gelangt der Kraftstoff über steuerbare Injektoren in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine. Ein Sensor stellt ein Drucksignal bereit, das den Druck im Speicher charakterisiert. Der Druck im Speicher wird bei der Steuerung der Injektoren berücksichtigt. Eine genaue Kraftstoffzumessung ist nur möglich, wenn genaue Werte des Druckes im Speicher bekannt sind.From DE-OS 195 47 647 a method and a Device for monitoring a fuel metering system an internal combustion engine known in which the fuel is pumped into a storage tank by means of a pump. from The fuel arrives via controllable injectors into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. A sensor poses a pressure signal ready indicating the pressure in memory characterized. The pressure in the memory is at the Control of the injectors taken into account. An exact Fuel metering is only possible if exact values of the Pressure in the memory are known.

Bei üblichen Common-Rail-Systemen liegt der Druck im Bereich zwischen einigen 100 bar bis ca. 2000 bar. Innerhalb dieses Bereiches muß der Drucksensor zuverlässig ein Signal bereitstellen. Ein Ausfall des Drucksensors bzw. ein fehlerhaftes Signal des Drucksensor führt zu einer ungenauen Kraftstoffzumessung.With common rail systems, the pressure is in the range between a few 100 bar to approx. 2000 bar. Within this Range, the pressure sensor must reliably give a signal provide. A failure of the pressure sensor or a faulty signal from the pressure sensor leads to an inaccurate Fuel metering.

Bei dem bekannten Verfahren können nur sogenannte Offsetfehler erkannt werden. Dies sind Fehler, die dazu führen, daß der gemessene Wert in allen Betriebsbereichen um einen konstanten Wert vom tatsächlichen Wert abweicht. Ein Fehler, der zu einer Veränderung der Steigung der Sensorkennlinie führt, kann mittels dieser Einrichtung nicht erkannt werden.In the known method, only so-called Offset errors are detected. These are mistakes that go along with this cause the measured value to be in all operating ranges a constant value deviates from the actual value. On Error that leads to a change in the slope of the Sensor characteristic leads can not by means of this device be recognized.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Verfahren und einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art die Genauigkeit der Kraftstoffzumessung, insbesondere die Erfassung des Drucksignals zu verbessern. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst.The invention is based, with one Method and a device of the type mentioned the accuracy of the fuel metering, especially the Improve detection of the pressure signal. This task will by those characterized in the independent claims Features solved.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Dadurch, daß ausgehend von der Änderung des Drucksignals bei einer Änderung einer den Druck beeinflussenden Größe ein fehlerhaftes Drucksignal erkannt wird, ist eine genaue Kraftstoffzumessung möglich. Drifterscheinungen und Fehler des Drucksensors insbesondere Änderungen der Steigung der Sensorkennlinie können sicher erkannt und ggf. kompensiert werden.The fact that based on the change in the pressure signal a change in a quantity influencing the pressure faulty pressure signal is detected is an accurate one Fuel metering possible. Drift phenomena and errors of the pressure sensor in particular changes in the slope of the Sensor characteristics can be reliably recognized and compensated if necessary become.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn auf Fehler erkannt wird, wenn das Verhältnis zwischen der Änderung des Drucksignals und der Änderung der den Druck beeinflussenden Größe um mehr als ein Schwellwert von einem vorgegebenen Wert abweicht. It is particularly advantageous if errors are detected, if the ratio between the change in pressure signal and the change in the size influencing the pressure by more as a threshold deviates from a predetermined value.

Das Ansteuersignal für ein den Druck beeinflussendes Stellglied wird besonders vorteilhaft als Größe verwendet, die den Druck beeinflußt, da diese Größe bereits im Steuergerät vorliegt.The control signal for a pressure influencing Actuator is used particularly advantageously as a size, which affects the pressure, since this size is already in Control unit is present.

Durch die Verwendung zweier Schwellwerte ist es möglich zwischen einer Verfälschung des Signals, die korrigiert werden kann, und einem schwerwiegenden Fehler zu unterscheiden.It is possible by using two threshold values between a signal falsification that corrects and a serious mistake differ.

Weitere vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous and expedient configurations and Further developments of the invention are in the subclaims characterized.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsform erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Blockdiagramm eines Common-Rail-Systems, Figur 2 eine Kennlinie eines Drucksensors und Figur 3 ein Flußdiagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The invention is described below with reference to the figure illustrated embodiment explained. 1 shows a block diagram of a common rail system, Figure 2 a Characteristic curve of a pressure sensor and Figure 3 is a flow chart of the method according to the invention.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Figur 1 ist ein Common-Rail-System als Blockdiagramm dargestellt. Mit 100 ist eine Steuerung bezeichnet. Diese umfaßt u.a. eine Drucksteuerung 101, die ein Schaltmittel 102 ansteuert und mit den Ausgangssignalen eines Strommeßmittels 103 beaufschlagt wird. Die Stromsteuerung 101 verarbeitet ferner das Ausgangssignal eines Drucksensors 110 sowie die Ausgangssignale von weiteren Sensoren 105. Der erste Eingang des Schaltmittels 102 ist über das Strommeßmittel 103 mit Batteriespannung verbunden. Der zweite Anschluß des Schaltmittels 102 steht mit einer Spule 115 in Kontakt, deren zweiter Eingang mit Masse in Verbindung steht.In Figure 1 is a common rail system as a block diagram shown. A control is designated by 100. This includes a pressure controller 101, which is a switching means 102 controlled and with the output signals of a Current measuring means 103 is applied. The current control 101 also processes the output signal of a pressure sensor 110 and the output signals from further sensors 105 first input of switching means 102 is via the Current measuring means 103 connected to battery voltage. The second connection of the switching means 102 is with a coil 115 in contact, the second input of which is connected to ground in Connection is established.

Bei den weiteren Sensoren 105 handelt es sich um Sensoren, die verschiedene Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine und des von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Fahrzeugs erfassen. Hierbei handelt es sich beispielsweise um die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine und die Fahrpedalstellung, die den Fahrerwunsch kennzeichnen.The other sensors 105 are sensors, the different operating states of the internal combustion engine and of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine to capture. This is for example the Speed N of the internal combustion engine and the accelerator pedal position, that identify the driver request.

Der Drucksensor 110 erfaßt den Druck in einem Speicher 112, der auch als Rail bezeichnet wird, und der dem Hochdruckbereich des Kraftstoffzumeßsystems zugeordnet ist. Das Rail 112 steht mit verschiedenen Injektoren 111 in Kontakt. Das Rail 112 ist über eine Hochdruckleitung 122 mit einer Hochdruckpumpe 125 verbunden. Die Hochdruckleitung 122 steht ferner über ein Druckregelventil 120 mit einer Rückführleitung 121 in Kontakt. Die Hochdruckpumpe 125 steht mit einer Vorförderpumpe 127 und einem Filter 129 mit einem Tank in Verbindung. Mit dem Tank steht auch die Rückführleitung 121 in Verbindung.The pressure sensor 110 detects the pressure in a memory 112, which is also called a rail, and which the High pressure area of the fuel metering system is assigned. The rail 112 has various injectors 111 in Contact. The rail 112 is connected via a high-pressure line 122 a high pressure pump 125 connected. The high pressure line 122 is also via a pressure control valve 120 with a Return line 121 in contact. The high pressure pump 125 is stopped with a prefeed pump 127 and a filter 129 with a Tank in connection. With the tank there is also Return line 121 in connection.

Diese Einrichtung arbeitet nun wie folgt. Die Vorförderpumpe 127 fördert den Kraftstoff über das Filter 129 aus dem Tank zur Hochdruckpumpe 125. Dieser Bereich wird als Niederdruckbereich bezeichnet. Die Hochdruckpumpe 125 fördert den Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck über die Hochdruckleitung 122 in das Rail 112. Der Druck im Rail 112 und damit im Hochdruckbereich wird mittels des Drucksensors 110 erfaßt und der Steuerung 100 zugeleitet.This facility now works as follows. The pre-feed pump 127 pumps the fuel out of the tank via the filter 129 to high pressure pump 125. This area is called Designated low pressure range. The high pressure pump 125 delivers the fuel under high pressure over the High pressure line 122 in the rail 112. The pressure in the rail 112 and thus in the high pressure area by means of the pressure sensor 110 detected and fed to the controller 100.

Abhängig von dem Drucksignal P, das der Drucksensor 110 bereitstellt, sowie den Ausgangssignalen der weiteren Sensoren beaufschlagt die Steuerung 100 die Injektoren 111 mit Ansteuersignalen, die die Kraftstoffzumessung steuern. Depending on the pressure signal P that the pressure sensor 110 provides, as well as the output signals of the others The controller 100 applies sensors to the injectors 111 with control signals that control the fuel metering.

Mittels des Druckregelventils 120 kann der Druck in der Hochdruckleitung 122 und damit im Rail 112 auf vorgebbare Werte eingestellt werden. Das Druckregelventil 120 ist so ausgebildet, daß es bei einem vorgebbaren Druck im Hochdruckbereich die Verbindung zur Rückführleitung 121 freigibt und damit der Druck abgebaut wird, bis er unter dem vorgebbaren Druckwert abfällt. Der Druckwert, bei dem das Druckregelventil 120 die Verbindung freigibt, kann mittels der Spule 115 eingestellt werden. Abhängig von dem Strom I, der durch die Spule 115 fließt und/oder der an der Spule anliegenden Spannung, stellen sich unterschiedliche Druckwerte im Hochdruckbereich ein.By means of the pressure control valve 120, the pressure in the High-pressure line 122 and thus in the rail 112 to predeterminable Values can be set. The pressure control valve 120 is like this trained that it at a predetermined pressure in High pressure area the connection to the return line 121 releases and thus the pressure is reduced until it is below the predeterminable pressure value drops. The pressure value at which the Pressure regulating valve 120 releases the connection by means of the coil 115 can be set. Depending on the current I, that flows through the coil 115 and / or that on the coil applied voltage, pose different Pressure values in the high pressure range.

Die Regelung des Druckes kann auch durch andere Stellglieder erfolgen. So kann alternativ oder ergänzend vorgesehen sein, daß der Druck auch durch Beeinflussung der Hochdruckpumpe 125 gesteuert und/oder geregelt wird.The pressure can also be regulated by other actuators respectively. As an alternative or in addition, it can be provided that that the pressure is also influenced by the high pressure pump 125 controlled and / or regulated.

Das in Figur 2 beschriebene System ist nur beispielhaft gewählt. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise ist auch bei anderen Systemen einsetzbar.The system described in Figure 2 is only an example selected. The procedure according to the invention is also at other systems.

Da der Druck P des Kraftstoffes im Rail 112 einen großen Einfluß auf die Genauigkeit der Kraftstoffzumessung hat, ist es wichtig, das Ausgangssignal P des Drucksensors 110 auf Fehler und Drift zu überwachen.Since the pressure P of the fuel in the rail 112 is large Has an influence on the accuracy of the fuel metering it is important to the output signal P of the pressure sensor 110 Monitor errors and drift.

Ein Beispiel für eine Sensorkennlinie, die Abhängigkeit des Druckes P von dem Ansteuersignal des Druckregelventils 120 beinhaltet, ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Die ideale Kennlinie ist mit einer durchgezogenen Linie markiert. Die reale Kennlinie ist mit einer Hysterese behaftet und ist mit einer gestrichelten Linie gekennzeichnet. Aufgrund von Meßfehlern kann ein Fehler bei dem Signal auftreten, das zu einer strichpunktierten Linie führen kann.An example of a sensor characteristic, the dependency of the Pressure P from the control signal of the pressure control valve 120 is shown in Figure 2. The ideal characteristic is marked with a solid line. The real Characteristic curve has a hysteresis and is one dotted line. Due to measurement errors an error may occur in the signal that leads to a dash-dotted line can lead.

Erfolgt eine Plausibilitätsüberprüfung der Meßwerte dahingehend, ob diese bei einem bestimmten Stromwert I1 zulässig sind, müssen diese Fehler berücksichtigt werden. Dies bedeutet, der Wert des Druckes P ist zwischen dem Wert P+ΔP und dem Wert P-ΔP in einem zulässigen Bereich.The measured values are checked for plausibility in terms of whether this at a certain current value I1 these errors must be taken into account. This means that the value of the pressure P is between the value P + ΔP and the value P-ΔP in an allowable range.

Eine Überwachung des Drucksensors kann dadurch erfolgen, daß zwei Werte P-ΔP und P+ΔP für den minimal- und maximal möglichen Wert des Drucks bei einem bestimmten Stromwert vorgegeben wird. Mit diesen Werten wird der Druck P, der vom Sensor gemessen wird, verglichen. Überschreitet der gemessene Wert den Wert P+ΔP bzw. unterschreitet der gemessene Wert den Wert P-ΔP erkennt die Einrichtung auf fehlerhaften Drucksensor. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Werte P+ΔP und P-ΔP betriebspunktabhängig, insbesondere abhängig von der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, vorgegeben werden. Nachteilig bei dieser Vorgehensweise ist, daß aufgrund zahlreicher Toleranzen der Wertebereich zwischen den Werten P-ΔP und P+ΔP sehr groß gewählt werden muß, um eine Fehldiagnose auszuschließen.The pressure sensor can be monitored in that two values P-ΔP and P + ΔP for the minimum and maximum possible value of pressure at a certain current value is specified. With these values the pressure P, which is from Sensor is measured, compared. If the exceeds measured value is below the value P + ΔP measured value the value P-ΔP is recognized by the device faulty pressure sensor. It is particularly advantageous if the values P + ΔP and P-ΔP depending on the operating point, in particular depending on the speed of the internal combustion engine become. A disadvantage of this procedure is that due to numerous tolerances the value range between the values P-ΔP and P + ΔP must be chosen very large in order to rule out a misdiagnosis.

Kleine Änderungen des Drucksensors können mit diesem Verfahren nicht erkannt werden. Anhand der Figur 3 wird ein besonders vorteilhaftes Verfahren zur Fehlerüberwachung des Drucksensors beschrieben.Small changes to the pressure sensor can be made with this Procedure cannot be recognized. 3 is a particularly advantageous method for error monitoring of the Pressure sensor described.

Das Ansteuersignal des Druckregelventils wird um einen definierten Wert verändert und die Änderung des Druckes erfaßt. Bei diesem Verfahren werden nur Differenzgrößen betrachtet, dadurch reduziert sich die Gesamttoleranz erheblich. Anstelle des Ansteuersignals für das Druckregelventil können auch andere Größe, die den Druck beeinflussen, verändert werden.The control signal of the pressure control valve is increased by one changed defined value and the change in pressure detected. With this method only differential quantities are used considered, this reduces the overall tolerance considerably. Instead of the control signal for the Pressure regulating valve can also be other size, the pressure influence, be changed.

In einem ersten Schritt 300 wird überprüft, ob ein Betriebszustand vorliegt, bei dem die Überprüfung erfolgen kann. Ein solcher Betriebszustand liegt beispielsweise vor, wenn sich die Brennkraftmaschine in einem statischen Betriebszustand befindet, bei dem sich die Betriebskenngrößen über der Zeit nur unwesentlich ändern.In a first step 300 it is checked whether a Operating state in which the check is carried out can. Such an operating state exists, for example, when the engine is in a static Operating state in which the Only slightly change operating parameters over time.

Liegt ein solcher Betriebszustand vor, so wird in Schritt 310 ein erster Wert für den Druck P1, der bei dem Ansteuersignal I1 für das Druckregelventil vorliegt, erfaßt. Im anschließenden Schritt 320 gibt die Steuerung einen zweiten Wert I2 für das Ansteuersignal vor und es wird der Druck P2 bei diesem Ansteuersignal erfaßt. Im Schritt 330 berechnet die Einrichtung die Steigung SP der Kennlinie gemäß der folgenden Formel: SP = P2 - P1I2 - I1 If such an operating state is present, a first value for the pressure P1, which is present in the control signal I1 for the pressure control valve, is detected in step 310. In the subsequent step 320, the control system specifies a second value I2 for the control signal and the pressure P2 is detected with this control signal. In step 330, the device calculates the slope SP of the characteristic curve according to the following formula: SP = P2 - P1 I2 - I1

Dabei wird die Differenz des alten und des neuen Druckwertes ins Verhältnis zu dem alten und neuen Ansteuersignal gesetzt.The difference between the old and new pressure values in relation to the old and new control signal set.

Der Block 340 gibt den Sollwert SPS für die Steigung abhängig von verschiedenen Betriebskenngrößen, wie beispielsweise dem Ansteuersignal für das Druckregelventil vor. Die Abfrage 350 überprüft, ob der Betrag der Abweichung zwischen der gemessenen Steigung SP und dem Sollwert SPS für die Steigung größer als ein erster Schwellwert S1 ist. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so erfolgt erneut die Abfrage 300. Ist dies der Fall, das heißt, die Steigung weicht mehr als ein erster Schwellwert S1 von dem erwarteten SPS ab, so erkennt die Einrichtung auf Fehler. Eine sich anschließende Abfrage 360 überprüft, ob der Betrag der Abweichung zwischen der gemessenen Steigung SP und dem Sollwert SPS für die Steigung größer als ein zweiter Schwellwert S2 ist.Block 340 gives the setpoint PLC for the slope depending on various operating parameters, such as for example the control signal for the pressure control valve in front. The query 350 checks whether the amount of the deviation between the measured slope SP and the setpoint SPS for the slope is greater than a first threshold S1. is if this is not the case, query 300 occurs again this is the case, that is, the slope softens more than one first threshold value S1 from the expected PLC, so recognizes setting up for errors. A subsequent query 360 checks whether the amount of discrepancy between the measured slope SP and the setpoint SPS for the slope is greater than a second threshold value S2.

Ist dies der Fall, so liegt ein schwerwiegender Fehler vor. Im Schritt 380 werden entsprechende Maßnahmen eingeleitet, so wird vorzugsweise ein Notfahrbetrieb eingeleitet. Es können auch noch weitere Maßnahmen vorgesehen sein, so kann beispielsweise auch ein Fehlerspeicher gesetzt und/oder eine Fehleranzeige aktiviert werden.If this is the case, there is a serious error. Appropriate measures are initiated in step 380, emergency operation is preferably initiated in this way. It If further measures can also be provided, then For example, an error memory is also set and / or Error display can be activated.

Erkennt die Abfrage, daß der Betrag der Abweichung kleiner als der zweite Schwellwert ist, so wird von einer Drift den Drucksignals ausgegangen. Dies bedeutet in Schritt 370 werden entsprechende Maßnahmen eingeleitet.The query recognizes that the amount of deviation is smaller than the second threshold value, the drift becomes the Pressure signal out. This means in step 370 appropriate measures are initiated.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß zwei Schwellwerte S1 und S2 vorgesehen sind, wobei bei Überschreiten eines ersten Schwellwertes eine Drift des Sensors und bei Überschreiten des zweiten Schwellwertes S2 ein Defekt des Sensors erkannt wird, wobei der zweite Schwellwert einen betragsmäßig größeren Wert annimmt als der erste Schwellwert.It is particularly advantageous that two threshold values S1 and S2 are provided, wherein when a first is exceeded Threshold a drift of the sensor and when exceeded of the second threshold value S2 a defect of the sensor is recognized , the second threshold being an amount assumes a larger value than the first threshold value.

Bei einer vereinfachten Ausführungsform ist lediglich ein Schwellwert S1 vorgesehen. In diesem Fall entfallen die Abfrage 360 und die Blöcke 370 und 380.In a simplified embodiment, only one is Threshold value S1 provided. In this case, the Query 360 and blocks 370 and 380.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn zusätzlich überprüft wird, ob die Sensorkennlinie einen sogenannten Offsetfehler aufweist. Hierzu ist vorgesehen, daß in vorgegebenen Betriebszuständen das Drucksignal mit einem erwarteten Wert verglichen wird. Abhängig von dem Vergleich wird ein fehlerhaftes Drucksignal erkannt. Diese Überprüfung erfolgt vorzugsweise in Betriebszuständen, in denen der Kraftstoff im Rail völlig entspannt ist. Dies ist beispielsweise in der Initialisierungsphase des Steuergeräts vor und/oder beim Start, im Nachlauf oder im Schubbetrieb der Fall. Ferner kann diese Überprüfung erfolgen, wenn das Druckregelventil derart angesteuert, daß es völlig öffnet. Der sich in diesem Zustand einstellende Druck ist bekannt. Vorzugsweise wird das Stellglied, das den Druck beeinflußt, derart angesteuert, daß sich ein möglichst kleiner Druck einstellt. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Ansteuerung derart, daß der Druck dem Atmosphärendruck entspricht. Nimmt das Drucksignal Werte an, die wesentlich größer als der erwartete Wert sind, erkennt die Einrichtung einen sogenannten Offsetfehler.It is particularly advantageous if additionally checked is whether the sensor characteristic is a so-called offset error having. For this purpose it is provided that in predetermined Operating states the pressure signal with an expected value is compared. Depending on the comparison, a faulty pressure signal detected. This review is done preferably in operating conditions in which the fuel is completely relaxed in the rail. This is for example in the Initialization phase of the control unit before and / or at Start, in the wake or in overrun the case. Further this check can be done when the pressure control valve so controlled that it opens completely. The one in this State-setting pressure is known. Preferably the actuator that affects the pressure, such controlled that the lowest possible pressure is established. The control is preferably carried out in such a way that the pressure corresponds to atmospheric pressure. The pressure signal takes values that are much larger than the expected value the device recognizes a so-called offset error.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn bei einer erkannten Drift ein Korrekturwert bestimmt wird. Dieser Korrekturwert wird so bestimmt, daß die Drift kompensiert wird. Hierzu wird vorzugsweise wie im folgenden beschrieben vorgegangen.It is particularly advantageous if a drift is detected a correction value is determined. This correction value will so determined that the drift is compensated for. To do this preferably proceeded as described below.

Für die theoretisch zu erwartende Nominalkennlinie gilt die Beziehung: UN = UDN + SPS * P The relationship applies to the theoretically expected nominal characteristic: UN = UDN + SPS * P

Dabei entspricht UN dem Ansteuersignal das theoretisch erforderlich ist um den Druck P einzustellen. Diese Abhängigkeit wird durch eine Gerade angenähert, die durch die Steigung SPS und den Offset UDN definiert ist.UN corresponds theoretically to the control signal is necessary to set the pressure P. This Dependency is approximated by a straight line that runs through the slope PLC and the offset UDN is defined.

Für die reale Kennlinie gilt die Beziehung: US = UDS + SP * P The relationship applies to the real characteristic: US = UDS + SP * P

Dabei entspricht US dem Ansteuersignal das real erforderlich ist um den Druck P einzustellen. Diese Abhängigkeit wird durch eine Gerade angenähert, die durch die Steigung SP und den Offset UDS definiert ist. Die Steigung SP wird wie oben beschrieben ermittelt. Zur Bestimmung des Offsets wird das Stellglied 120 derart angesteuert, daß der Druck den Wert Null annimmt. Das hierzu erforderliche Ansteuersignal dient als Offsetwert UDS.US corresponds to the control signal that is actually required is to adjust the pressure P. This dependency will approximated by a straight line through the slope SP and the offset UDS is defined. The slope SP becomes as above described determined. This is used to determine the offset Actuator 120 controlled so that the pressure is the value Assumes zero. The control signal required for this is used as offset value UDS.

Für den Fehler UF gilt die Beziehung: UF = US - UN = (UDS - UND) + (SP - SPS) * P The following applies to error UF: UF = US - UN = (UDS - AND) + (SP - SPS) * P

Für die korrigierte Sensorpannung UKOR ergibt sich die Beziehung: UKOR = US - (UDS - UDN) - (SPS - SP) * (US - UDS) / mS The relationship results for the corrected sensor voltage UKOR: UKOR = US - (UDS - UDN) - (SPS - SP) * (US - UDS) / mS

Mit der korrigierten Sensorspannung berechnet sich der Druck P mittels der Sensor-Nominalkennlinie ausgehend von dem Ansteuersignal UND gemäß der folgenden Beziehung. P = (UKOR - UDN) / SPS With the corrected sensor voltage, the pressure P is calculated using the nominal sensor characteristic curve based on the control signal AND in accordance with the following relationship. P = (UKOR - UDN) / PLC

Dies bedeutet, daß ausgehend von dem Verhältnis zwischen der Änderung des Drucksignals und der Änderung der den Druck beeinflussenden Größe und einem Offsetfehler eine Korrektur wenigstens des Drucksignals oder der den Druck beeinflussenden Größe erfolgt.This means that based on the relationship between the Change in pressure signal and change in pressure influencing size and an offset error a correction at least the pressure signal or the pressure influencing size takes place.

Claims (8)

  1. Method for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel is fed by means of a pump into an accumulator and can be metered from there to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine by means of controllable injectors, a sensor providing a pressure signal which characterizes the pressure in the accumulator, characterized in that a faulty pressure signal is detected on the basis of a change in the pressure signal when there is a change in a variable influencing the pressure.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a faulty pressure signal is detected if the ratio between the change of the pressure signal and the change of the variable influencing the pressure deviates from a predefined value by more than a threshold value.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuation signal is used as a variable which influences the pressure, for an actuator influencing the pressure.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drift is detected when there is a deviation by more than a first threshold value, and a defect of the sensor is detected when there is a deviation by more than a second threshold value.
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the pressure signal is corrected when there is a deviation by more than the first threshold value.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a correction at least of the pressure signal or of the variable influencing the pressure is carried out on the basis of the ratio between the change in the pressure signal and the change in the variable influencing the pressure and an offset error.
  7. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that an emergency operating mode or an emergency shutdown is carried out when there is a deviation by more than the second threshold value.
  8. Device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine, having a pump which feeds fuel into an accumulator, and having controllable injectors which meter the fuel to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, a sensor making available a pressure signal which characterizes the pressure in the accumulator, characterized in that means are provided which detect a faulty pressure signal on the basis of a change in the pressure signal when there is a change in the variable influencing the pressure.
EP99103561A 1998-07-31 1999-02-24 Method and apparatus for monitoring fuel supply system Expired - Lifetime EP0976921B1 (en)

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DE19834660A DE19834660A1 (en) 1998-07-31 1998-07-31 Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system
DE19834660 1998-07-31

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EP0976921A3 (en) 2001-03-07
JP4313901B2 (en) 2009-08-12

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