EP0973076B1 - Uhr mit Tourbillon - Google Patents

Uhr mit Tourbillon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0973076B1
EP0973076B1 EP98113226A EP98113226A EP0973076B1 EP 0973076 B1 EP0973076 B1 EP 0973076B1 EP 98113226 A EP98113226 A EP 98113226A EP 98113226 A EP98113226 A EP 98113226A EP 0973076 B1 EP0973076 B1 EP 0973076B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pinion
plate
wheel
shaft
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98113226A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0973076A1 (de
Inventor
Maurice Grimm
André Beyner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Original Assignee
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to DE69839116T priority Critical patent/DE69839116T2/de
Priority to EP98113226A priority patent/EP0973076B1/de
Priority to US09/352,117 priority patent/US6402368B1/en
Priority to JP20278399A priority patent/JP4360715B2/ja
Publication of EP0973076A1 publication Critical patent/EP0973076A1/de
Priority to HK00103509.8A priority patent/HK1024308B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0973076B1 publication Critical patent/EP0973076B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/12—Driving mechanisms with mainspring with several mainsprings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tourbillon watch comprising a regulator member engaged with an exhaust, itself engaged with a pinion meshing with a fixed wheel, the regulating member, the exhaust and the pinion being mounted on a plate secured to a tube pivoted in a plate, this tube being located in the center of the watch and rotated by a motor member.
  • a tourbillon watch meeting the generic definition given above is described in the patent CH 33 368 .
  • This document shows a watch movement whose regulating member and the exhaust are carried by a pivoted plate in the center of this movement.
  • the plate is secured to a central tube terminated by a pinion that a barrel spring drives via a mobile composed of a wheel and a pinion, so that the plate is animated, with the tube which serves as a pivot axis, a continuous rotational movement.
  • the tube is engaged on a shaft carrying the minute hand, this shaft being terminated by a pinion meshing with a wheel fitted frictionally on a barrel cover.
  • a roadway is chased on the tree and follows the tube.
  • the pavement drives a gun wheel that carries the hour hand through a timer.
  • the timer is covered by a dial. It follows from what has just been explained that the plateau is not entirely visible through the ice because it is surmounted by a timer itself hidden by a dial.
  • the escape pinion is located above the plate, so that the fixed wheel with which it is in engagement is also above the plate.
  • This fixed wheel is secured to a bridge carried by four narrow arms, this bridge being placed on the plate.
  • the plateau is partially hidden from view, not only by the timer and the dial, but also by the central bridge and the arms connecting it to the stage of the movement.
  • the tourbillon mechanism described in the aforementioned patent reveals only very few elements that make it up, in fact only the pendulum that turns on itself and around the dial.
  • the present invention provides a rotating plate fully visible from its center to its periphery, thus allowing to see the entire tourbillon mechanism.
  • this invention is remarkable in that the fixed wheel and the gear meshing with it are located below the plate. This eliminates the space above the tray of any fixed element and any support for carrying such an element.
  • the tube carrying the tray surrounds a carriageway carrying a minute hand, which roadway itself surrounds a shaft carrying an hour hand, the tree and the roadway being connected to each other. by a timer located below the tray.
  • a minute hand or index finger is mounted on the tray, while the tube surrounds a shaft carrying an hour hand, the shaft and the tube being connected to one another. to the other by a timer located below the tray.
  • the tourbillon watch is presented here in two exemplary embodiments.
  • the first form is shown in section at figure 1 . This is the preferred form.
  • the second form is shown in section at figure 7 .
  • a perspective view that can house both forms of execution is shown in figure 8 .
  • the movement of the watch comprises a regulating member 2 in engagement with an escapement 3, the latter being engaged with a gear 4 meshing with a fixed wheel 5.
  • the regulating member 2, the escapement 3 and the gear 4 are mounted on a plate 6 integral with a tube 7 pivoted in a plate 8.
  • the tube 7 is located in the center of the watch and animated by a continuous rotational movement driven by a motor member 9.
  • the watch finds its originality in two particular characteristics that allow a total vision of the board and the elements mounted on it, from its center to its periphery.
  • the figures 1 and 7 show first that the fixed wheel 5 is located below the plate 6. They then show that the tube 7 is rotatably engaged on a roadway 11 carrying a minute hand 12, this road being in turn engaged so rotating on a shaft 13 carrying an hour hand 14.
  • the lower ends of the shaft 13 and the roadway 11 are connected by a timer 15 located lower than the plate 6.
  • the fixed wheel 5 and the timer 15 are thus located under the plateau 6, nothing comes to be superimposed on the plateau which remains completely uncovered under the ice that will overcome it. This is of course not the case of the construction proposed in the document cited above, where the tray is surmounted by a bridge supporting the fixed wheel and the timer.
  • the driving member 9 comprises a barrel 16 which contains a spring not shown and whose shaft 17 carries a first ratchet 18.
  • This ratchet 18 meshes with a pinion 19 which is integral with the tube 7 to which the plate 6 is fixed.
  • Fixing the plate 6 on the tube 7 can be achieved in different ways. Here we chose to use a wrench 40 which is rotated by means of the screw head 41 of this key to lock the plate on the tube.
  • the shaft 17 of the barrel carries a second ratchet 21 coaxial with the first ratchet 18 and located beneath the latter.
  • the second ratchet 21 meshes with a wheel 22 frictionally mounted on the roadway 11.
  • the wheel 42 of the timer 15 is engaged with the pinion 43 of the roadway 11.
  • the hour wheel 44 of the shaft 13 is engaged with the pinion 45 of the wheel 42 of the timer 15.
  • the three barrels 16, 23 and 26 arranged in the same plane occupy only about three quarters of the available space in this plane around the central tube 7. In the fourth quarter, it is possible to install an automatic winding mechanism attacking the motor member 9, in this case its third barrel 26.
  • the ring 47 is held in a fixed ring 58 by means of dial feet 59.
  • the tube 7 carrying the plate 6 is pivoted in a plate 8.
  • this plate is secured to a barrel bridge 46 in which the tube 7 is also pivotally mounted, so that this tube is held in place radially and axially by the plate 8 and the barrel bridge 46 (see figure 3 ).
  • the two ratchets 18 and 21 fitted to the barrel 16 may be of the same diameter or of different diameters. If they have the same diameters, it will be understood that the pinion 19 and the wheel 22 will have the same diameters and that consequently the roadway 11 and the associated minute hand 12 will rotate at the same speed as the tube 7 and the plateau 6 which is linked to it, that is to say one turn per hour.
  • the diameter of the ratchet 18 is greater than the diameter of the ratchet 21, as a result of which the plate 6 will rotate faster than the minute hand 12.
  • This variant can be further modified as follows. Since in this case the plate makes one turn per hour, it can itself carry the indicator element minutes, which allows to remove the floor 11.
  • the plate 6 can mount on the plate 6 a minute hand or a analogous pointer facing the annular dial 47, in a fixed position relative to the location of the regulator 2 and the gear 4, so as to offer an attractive appearance, and arrange a friction coupling between the plate and its shaft to allow time setting by action on the periphery of the plateau.
  • a minute index may be provided on a ring frictionally mounted on the periphery of the plate 6 and attacked by a pinion of the winding stem for setting the time.
  • the plate 6 is secured to the tube 7 which is traversed by the roadway 11 and the shaft 13 respectively carrying the minute hands 12 and 14 hours.
  • the regulator 2 comprises in the usual way a balance 49 and a spiral spring 50.
  • the escapement comprises the escape wheel 51 and its pinion 52, the anchor 53, the fork rod 54, the large plate 55 and the shaft 56 of pendulum.
  • the balance shaft is pivoted between the plate 6 and a balance bridge 57 fixed to the plate 6 by means of pillars 68 (see FIG. figure 4 ).
  • the gear 4 comprises a plurality of mobiles providing a gear connection between the escape pinion 52 and the fixed wheel 5. These are three mobiles 29, 30 and 31 each having a wheel (respectively 60, 61 and 62). ) and a pinion (respectively 63, 64 and 65). These mobiles are pivoted between the plate 6 and a gear wheel 66.
  • the gear wheel is fixed on the plate 6 by means of pillars 67 (see FIG. figure 4 ).
  • the number of mobiles (here the mobiles 29, 30 and 31) making up the wheel 4 and the gear ratios existing between these mobiles will depend on the frequency of the balance and the number of revolutions per unit of time chosen for the rotation of the plate. 6.
  • This cog in fact is interposed between the exhaust 4 (more precisely the exhaust pinion 52) and the fixed wheel 5. Its characteristics and features therefore impose a number of turns determined per unit time tray.
  • the balance 49 oscillates at a rate of 21,600 vibrations per hour. If the escape wheel 51 is provided with 20 teeth, this wheel and the gear 52 which is bound to it will be 540 revolutions per hour.
  • the wheel 4 comprises the three mobiles 29, 30 and 31 whose gear ratio between the exhaust pinion 52 and the fixed wheel is 270. As a result, the plate 6 is two revolutions per hour. It will be understood that other ratios may be chosen to obtain other speeds of the plate 6, when the second embodiment of the invention will be discussed below. Note however that the preferred speed of two revolutions per hour seems appropriate since it makes it possible to obtain at least every five minutes another image of the position of the plate.
  • the figure 3 shows that the plate 6 carries a mobile 35 which meshes with the fixed wheel 5, this mobile driving in turn a pinion 34 fixed on a shaft 33, shaft on which is fitted the small seconds needle 32.
  • the shaft 33 and the mobile 35 are pivoted between the plate 6 and the trolley bridge 66.
  • the seconds hand 32 overcomes the gear deck 66 on which are affixed divisions of seconds 69.
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of the turntable 6 forming the base of the vortex.
  • the tube 7 drives the plate 6 in continuous rotation in the direction of the arrow A.
  • Below the plate is the fixed wheel 5 in engagement with the pinion 65.
  • the plate 6 drives the pinion 65 in a movement of rotation combined with a revolution movement in the manner of a satellite, these movements being regulated by the gear 4, the exhaust 3 and the regulator 2.
  • the figure 4 shows very clearly the main interest of the present invention, namely a total vision on the entire plateau and the elements that surmount it. Everything is visible from the tube 7 at the periphery of the plate 6 and no stationary part, such as for example the fixed wheel or the timer or the dial, does not obstruct the vision of the moving parts. Only the hour and minute hands emerging from the tube 7 (not shown in FIG. figure 4 ) overcome the plateau. However, as they are thin and essentially mobile, they can not hide anything.
  • the figure 4 also shows that the tray can be arranged to present certain aesthetic effects.
  • the gear wheel 66 terminated by the seconds dial 69 and the pendulum bridge 57 terminated by the balance 49 are not without recalling the configuration of comets. And as these bridges are placed in head-to-tail, the comets they are supposed to represent seem to continue mutually.
  • the winding mechanism is shown in plan at figure 5 .
  • the driving member 9, in this case its third barrel 26 ( figure 2 ) is engaged by the toothing 70 of the cylinder with a wheel 71 secured to an intermediate gear 72.
  • This pinion meshes with a first return 73 which in turn meshes with a second return 74.
  • the fixed return 74 meshes with a seesaw 75 which in turn meshes with the horizontal toothing 76 of a 90 ° reference bearing reference 77.
  • the vertical toothing 78 of the return at 90 ° is taken with a sliding pinion 79 of the rod 80.
  • a system consisting of a rocker 81 on which a spring 82 acts and a pull rod 83, on which a spring 84 has two notches, couples the return of flip-flop 75 at the second return 74.
  • the barrel 26 is raised by rotation of the rod 80 and it raises itself the following barrels 23 and 16.
  • the time setting mechanism is shown in plan at the figure 6 .
  • the rocker 81 rotates counterclockwise about its axis of rotation located at the center of the reference 77.
  • the rocker wheel 75 is decoupled from the second gear 74 ( figure 5 ) and meshes with a reference 85.
  • This reference 85 is engaged with the wheel 42 of the timer 15, this wheel 42 meshing with the pinion 43 of the roadway 11 (see also figure 3 ).
  • the hour wheel 44 is engaged with the pinion 45 of the timer 15. Under these conditions, when the rod 80 is rotated, the minute and hour hands are set. It will be noted here that setting the time causes no movement of the tube 7 and therefore of the plate 6, since there is friction between the roadway 11 and the wheel 22 meshing with the ratchet 21 (see figure 3 ).
  • This second embodiment has many analogies with the first.
  • a regulating member 2 engaged with an exhaust 3 itself engaged with a gear 4 meshing with a fixed wheel 5, the regulating member 2, the exhaust 3 and the gear 4 being mounted on a plateau 6.
  • the plate 6 is secured to a tube 7 pivoted in a plate 8 and a barrel bridge 46, this tube being located in the center of the watch and animated by a continuous rotational movement driven by a motor member 9.
  • the figure 7 also shows, on the one hand, that the fixed wheel 5 is located below the plate 6 and, on the other hand, that the tube 7 is engaged in rotation on a roadway 11 carrying a minute hand 12, this road being in turn rotatably engaged on a shaft 13 carrying an hour hand 14.
  • the shaft 13 and the roadway 11 are connected by a timer 15 located below the plate 6.
  • the second embodiment comprises a driving member 9 comprising a barrel spring 36 (see figure 7 ) located in the center of the watch, the shaft 37 of the cylinder being rotatably connected to the tube 7 carrying the plate 6 of the vortex.
  • the shaft 37 is itself the tube 7. In this second embodiment, it saves a ratchet and a pinion engaged with it.
  • the shaft 37 of the barrel 36 is then frictionally engaged on the roadway 11, while the hour-tree 13 is freely rotatable in the roadway 11.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view, partially torn, of the whole of the watch presented outside its case.
  • the plate 6 is recognized from which the driver tube 7, secured respectively by the carriageway 11 and the hour tree 13, is secured.
  • the hour and minute hands 12 and 14 intersect the annular dial 47.
  • the dial shows inscriptions 48 and rests on the ring 58 which can be part of the middle part of the watch.
  • the plate 6 is driven in continuous rotation in the direction indicated by the arrow A.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Uhr mit Tourbillon, die ein Regulatororgan (2), das mit einer Hemmung (3) in Eingriff ist, die ihrerseits wenigstens indirekt mit einem Trieb (65) in Eingriff ist, der mit einem festen Rad (5) in Eingriff ist, wobei das Regulatororgan (2), die Hemmung (3) und der Trieb (65) auf einer Platte (6) montiert sind, die mit einer Buchse (7) fest verbunden ist, die in eine Platine (8, 46) gedreht ist, wobei sich diese Buchse im Zentrum der Uhr befindet und durch ein Motororgan (9) rotatorisch angetrieben wird, wobei sich das Regulatororgan (2) und die Hemmung (3) über der Platte (6) befinden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das feste Rad (5) und der der damit in Eingriff befindliche Trieb (65) unter der Platte (6) befinden und dass wenigstens eine Welle (13), die den Stundenzeiger (14) trägt, vorgesehen ist, um sich in der Buchse (7) zu drehen.
  2. Uhr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Buchse (7) ein Minutenrohr (11) umgibt, das einen Minutenzeiger (12) trägt, wobei dieses Minutenrohr seinerseits eine Welle (13) umgibt, die einen Stundenzeiger (14) trägt, wobei die Welle (13) und das Minutenrohr (11) miteinander durch ein Zählwerk (15) verbunden sind, das sich unter der Platte (6) befindet.
  3. Uhr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Motororgan (9) ein Federhaus (16) aufweist, dessen Welle (17) ein erstes Sperrrad (18) trägt, das mit einem mit der Buchse (7) fest verbundenen Trieb (19) in Eingriff ist.
  4. Uhr nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Welle (17) des Federhauses ein zweites Sperrrad (21) trägt, das zu dem ersten koaxial ist und sich unter diesem Letzteren befindet, wobei dieses zweite Sperrrad mit einem Rad (22) in Eingriff ist, das reibschlüssig an dem Minutenrohr (11) angebracht ist.
  5. Uhr nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Buchse (7) reibschlüssig mit dem Minutenrohr (11) in Eingriff ist.
  6. Uhr nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Federhaus (16) ein zweites Federhaus (23), das mit dem ersten Federhaus (16) über Zahnungen (24, 25) ihrer jeweiligen Trommeln in Eingriff ist, und ein drittes Federhaus (26), das mit dem zweiten Federhaus (23) durch die Zahnungen ihrer jeweiligen Sperrräder (27, 28) in Eingriff ist, vorhergehen.
  7. Uhr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Hemmung (3) und dem Trieb (65) ein Gangwerk (4) eingefügt ist, das mit dem festen Rad (5) in Eingriff ist, wobei dieses Gangwerk mehrere bewegliche Elemente (29, 30 und 31) aufweist, die hintereinander in Eingriff sind, wobei die Anzahl dieser beweglichen Elemente und ihre Zähnezahlverhältnisse in der Weise gewählt sind, dass die Platte (6) mit einer bestimmten Anzahl von Umdrehungen pro Einheitszeit schwenkt.
  8. Uhr nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gangwerk (4) drei bewegliche Elemente (29, 30, 31) aufweist, deren Zähnezahlverhältnisse so beschaffen sind, dass die Platte (6) zwei Umdrehungen pro Stunde ausführt.
  9. Uhr nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Minutenzeiger oder -index an der Platte (6) angebracht ist, der eine Umdrehung pro Stunde ausführt, und dass die Buchse (7) eine Welle (13) umgibt, die einen Stundenzeiger (14) trägt, wobei die Welle und die Buchse miteinander durch ein Zählwerk (15) verbunden sind, das sich unter der Platte (6) befindet.
  10. Uhr nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Platte (6) ein kleiner Sekundenzeiger (32) angebracht ist, der mit dem Trieb (34) fest verbunden ist, der seinerseits mit einem beweglichen Element (35) in Eingriff ist, das mit dem festen Rad (5) in Eingriff ist.
  11. Uhr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Motororgan (9) ein Federhaus (36) aufweist, das sich im Zentrum der Uhr befindet, wobei die Welle (37) dieses Federhauses mit der Buchse (7) verbunden ist, die Platte (6) trägt.
  12. Uhr nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Buchse (7) durch die Welle (37) des mittleren Federhauses (36) gebildet ist.
EP98113226A 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Uhr mit Tourbillon Expired - Lifetime EP0973076B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69839116T DE69839116T2 (de) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Uhr mit Tourbillon
EP98113226A EP0973076B1 (de) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Uhr mit Tourbillon
US09/352,117 US6402368B1 (en) 1998-07-16 1999-07-13 Watch provided with a tourbillon
JP20278399A JP4360715B2 (ja) 1998-07-16 1999-07-16 ツールビロンを備えた時計
HK00103509.8A HK1024308B (en) 2000-06-12 Watch with tourbillon

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98113226A EP0973076B1 (de) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Uhr mit Tourbillon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0973076A1 EP0973076A1 (de) 2000-01-19
EP0973076B1 true EP0973076B1 (de) 2008-02-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98113226A Expired - Lifetime EP0973076B1 (de) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Uhr mit Tourbillon

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6402368B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0973076B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4360715B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69839116T2 (de)

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RU2716168C1 (ru) * 2018-06-29 2020-03-06 Гласхюттер Уренбетриб Гмбх Турбийон с механизмом сброса на ноль
RU2716829C1 (ru) * 2019-07-26 2020-03-17 Антон Юрьевич Суханов Часы с подвижным механизмом подсвечивания

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EP2264551B1 (de) * 2009-06-16 2013-08-07 Samep S.A. - Montres Emile Pequignet Differentialzahnradgetriebe für Uhrwerk
EP2363762B1 (de) * 2010-03-04 2017-11-22 Montres Breguet SA Uhr mit einem mechanischen Hochfrequenzuhrwerk
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DE202012002284U1 (de) 2012-03-08 2012-04-18 Kieninger Uhrenfabrik Gmbh Uhrwerk mit Tourbillon
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EP2793087B1 (de) * 2013-04-18 2016-06-01 Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH Tourbillon
JP1545046S (de) * 2014-12-05 2016-03-07
EP3168693B1 (de) * 2015-11-12 2018-11-07 Cartier International AG Uhrwerk
EP3579058B1 (de) * 2018-06-07 2021-09-15 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr, die ein tourbillon umfasst
EP3798741B1 (de) * 2019-09-30 2025-02-19 Greubel Forsey S.A. Uhrwerk
CN114514480B (zh) 2019-09-30 2024-03-08 Gfpi公司 钟表机芯
FR3141536B1 (fr) * 2022-11-02 2025-01-31 Kross Studio SA Piece d’horlogerie mécanique à tourbillon surélevé
EP4428622A1 (de) 2023-03-07 2024-09-11 Greubel Forsey S.A. Tourbillonmechanismus für uhrwerk

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2716168C1 (ru) * 2018-06-29 2020-03-06 Гласхюттер Уренбетриб Гмбх Турбийон с механизмом сброса на ноль
RU2716829C1 (ru) * 2019-07-26 2020-03-17 Антон Юрьевич Суханов Часы с подвижным механизмом подсвечивания

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US6402368B1 (en) 2002-06-11
JP2000056040A (ja) 2000-02-25
DE69839116T2 (de) 2009-02-05
HK1024308A1 (zh) 2000-10-05
JP4360715B2 (ja) 2009-11-11
EP0973076A1 (de) 2000-01-19
DE69839116D1 (de) 2008-03-27

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