EP0964800A1 - Pixel-matrix display arrangement for transport systems - Google Patents

Pixel-matrix display arrangement for transport systems

Info

Publication number
EP0964800A1
EP0964800A1 EP98916824A EP98916824A EP0964800A1 EP 0964800 A1 EP0964800 A1 EP 0964800A1 EP 98916824 A EP98916824 A EP 98916824A EP 98916824 A EP98916824 A EP 98916824A EP 0964800 A1 EP0964800 A1 EP 0964800A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
display device
pixel matrix
matrix display
display
organic light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98916824A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfred HÖSS
Wolfgang Schelter
Jürgen SIMMERER
Reiner Höger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ams Osram International GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0964800A1 publication Critical patent/EP0964800A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/60—Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/10—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards
    • B60Q3/14—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards lighting through the surface to be illuminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/80—Circuits; Control arrangements
    • B60Q3/85—Circuits; Control arrangements for manual control of the light, e.g. of colour, orientation or intensity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/33—Illumination features
    • B60K2360/343—Illumination of matrix displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
    • B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
    • B60R2300/205—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used using a head-up display
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
    • B60R2300/207—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used using multi-purpose displays, e.g. camera image and navigation or video on same display
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
    • B60R2300/8046—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for replacing a rear-view mirror system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
    • B60R2300/806—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for aiding parking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
    • B60R2300/8066—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for monitoring rearward traffic

Definitions

  • Pixel matrix display device for transport systems
  • the invention relates to a pixel matrix display device for displaying information in transport systems such as motor vehicles, trains, airplanes or the like, and a method for the method for producing display instruments for a motor vehicle.
  • the lighting device is formed by a light source having an organic light-emitting substance. It is also provided that letters are punched out of a flat material of the light source, so that a combination of display and lighting is achieved. Such a light source cannot, however, provide variable information.
  • LCDs passive liquid crystal displays
  • TFT active matrix control
  • a multifunction display for a test computer is known from the magazine Elektronik 3/1997, pages 44 to 47, which is arranged in a motor vehicle for test purposes.
  • the display shows images and measurement data that are displayed by video cameras and sensors of the motor vehicle.
  • An LED display for attachment to transparent doors or windows is known from Patent Abstracts of Japan 08-036367 A.
  • the LEDs are arranged in pairs on printed circuit boards.
  • the circuit boards are spaced apart so that light can pass through this arrangement.
  • organic light-emitting display element does not necessarily have to have a diode characteristic, in the following such display elements are referred to as organic i-light-emitting diode (OLED).
  • OLED organic i-light-emitting diode
  • OLEDs can also be designed to be transparent.
  • An OLED display is therefore ideally suited for placement in transport systems.
  • such a display can be optimally adapted to the geometry of a dashboard of a motor vehicle or to any objects, for example the back of a rear seat, the vehicle roof or the like.
  • a pixel matrix display device can also be used for interior lighting in a transport system, in particular in a motor vehicle.
  • an OLED display it is also possible to attach an OLED display to a window or a mirror. Therefore, for example, displays of a navigation system can be easily displayed directly in a windshield (head-up display) of a motor vehicle or the distance display of a maneuvering aid in the rear window, in a mirror or in the side window next to the side mirror.
  • a display attached in this way can also display images recorded with a camera. In this way, for example, a vehicle exterior mirror that interferes with the aerodynamics can be replaced. Furthermore, the distance to another vehicle can be made visible when parking and maneuvering, and there is no need for rear-view mirrors.
  • an OLED display offers an optimal ("paper-like") viewing angle, so that an OLED display can be used simultaneously by a driver and passengers of a motor vehicle.
  • the pixel matrix display device is particularly suitable for retrofitting a display instrument in a vehicle. It is only necessary to glue the display to a suitable place and to attach the associated electronics to a hidden place.
  • a pixel matrix display device When producing display instruments for a specific motor vehicle type, only a pixel matrix display device according to the invention has to be arranged on a dashboard and its control unit has to be programmed with a control program for configuring at least one display instrument.
  • the control unit can be hidden in the vehicle.
  • a pixel of an approximately 0.5 mm * 0.5 mm large organic light-emitting substrate is preferably represented.
  • FIG. 1 several OLED displays for several additional devices
  • FIG. 1 shows a dashboard 1 of a motor vehicle, which has both conventional display instruments 2 and OLED displays 3.
  • the primary instrument tion that is, information displays about the operating state of a motor vehicle such as speed, coolant temperature and the like, designed as analog display instruments.
  • the secondary instrumentation for displaying information that comes from additional devices such as radio, air conditioning, clock, navigation system or the like is designed as separate pixel matrix displays based on organic light-emitting diodes.
  • Such displays can be realized, for example, with polymers, in particular conjugated polymers, oligomers, small organic molecules, nanoparticles in suitable matrices, such as polymers or mixtures thereof.
  • the active organic layers can contain further inorganic and / or organic auxiliaries.
  • Such displays are typically produced by gas phase processes (vapor deposition in a vacuum) or liquid phase processes (spin coating, knife coating) of several extremely thin layers. Preferred layer thicknesses are in the range between 10 and 200 nm.
  • a suitable layer sequence consists of transparent substrate such as glass or polymer film, a transparent electrode such as indium tin oxide, a hole transport layer such as N, N'-bis- (3-methyl- phenyl) -N, N '-diphenylbenzidine (TPD), an emitting layer such as 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum salt (A1Q3), possibly doped with a further emitter dye such as rubrene and a metal counter electrode such as magnesium-silver alloy.
  • a transparent electrode such as indium tin oxide
  • a hole transport layer such as N, N'-bis- (3-methyl- phenyl) -N, N '-diphenylbenzidine (TPD)
  • an emitting layer such as 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum salt (A1Q3), possibly doped with a further emitter dye such as rubrene and a metal counter electrode such as magnesium-silver alloy.
  • auxiliary devices such as control electronics, optics influencing devices (microcavities), filters, emission conversion filters, UV filters, anti-reflective layers can be integrated.
  • a suitable covering or encapsulation is also available as protection against mechanical stress, moisture and for cooling and heat dissipation.
  • the generated excited states (for example excitons) excite themselves at the chromophores or polymer chains by emitting visible light.
  • the entire color spectrum of visible light can be covered with such OLEDs.
  • a colored pixel of a pixel matrix can therefore be formed by several differently colored OLEDs by superimposing the different luminous colors or in a conventional manner with OLEDs of a uniform color and corresponding color filters.
  • the brightness of the display can be regulated very easily via the applied voltage, the impressed current or the pulse width. Therefore, automatic brightness control for tracking the OLEDs to the current lighting conditions can be implemented with simple means.
  • FIG. 2 several displays of the secondary instrumentation are shown in a single OLED display 3.
  • a display is therefore responsible for the playback of different information sources such as on-board computer, navigation system, radio and telephone. Since the size and shape of an OLED display is largely arbitrary, an optimal adaptation to the shapes given by the interior of a vehicle is possible.
  • Operating elements 4 of an operating part 5 such as buttons and switches also have a surface which is designed as an OLED pixel matrix.
  • the use of a flexible substrate for the OLEDs also allows control elements to be implemented as screen keys (softkeys).
  • FIG. 3 not only individual or several instruments of secondary instrumentation, as shown above, are replaced by an OLED pixel matrix display, but both the primary instrumentation and the secondary instrumentation are represented by a single large-area OLED display 3. Furthermore, a pixel matrix display made of transparent OLEDs is integrated in a windshield 6.
  • a memory device 7 stores the programmed instrument configuration, which is output via a control device 8 or CPU.
  • the wiring effort is significantly reduced compared to conventional primary instrumentation. Furthermore, the manufacture and the installation of the OLED display shown is possible in fewer or simpler steps.
  • the user can customize the display. Additional navigation pictograms can be displayed at positions on the screen specified by the driver or passenger. Additional user-specific symbols, such as a symbol for displaying an incoming fax, can be generated and displayed in a specific area. The user can decide whether a particular display instrument stored by the vehicle manufacturer in the storage device 7 is displayed and at which location it is possibly displayed. Furthermore, he can select from a plurality of designs stored in the storage device 7 for a specific display instrument, for example an analog or digital instrument. A large number of user-specific configurations can be saved. Therefore, a user can configure his usual user interface even with a rental car.
  • the information displayed has a very high contrast due to its own luminosity and is therefore very well perceived.
  • FIG. 4 shows a vehicle interior in which a large-area OLED display 3 is attached to the dashboard for the passengers on the front seats and OLED displays 9 for the rear passengers in each case on the backrests of the front seats.
  • the displays are very well suited for video and multimedia applications due to the high achievable switching frequency of the OLEDs.
  • Connections 10 for keyboard, mouse, joystick, headphones and microphone are assigned to a display.
  • the displays 9 on the rear seats can be folded towards the respective user and can be removed when leaving the vehicle for protection against theft.
  • a display is not used for other purposes, it can be used as interior lighting. Attached to the inside of a door, a luminous OLED display acts as a warning light when the door is open.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a pixel-matrix display arrangement for displaying information in transport systems. In this arrangement, a pixel is produced by an organic light-emitting element.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung für TransportsystemePixel matrix display device for transport systems
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung zur Informationsdarstellung in Transportsystemen wie Kraftfahrzeugen, Zügen, Flugzeugen oder dergleichen, und ein Verfahren zum Verfahren zum Herstellen von Anzeigeinstrumenten für ein Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a pixel matrix display device for displaying information in transport systems such as motor vehicles, trains, airplanes or the like, and a method for the method for producing display instruments for a motor vehicle.
Aus der internationalen Anmeldung WO 96/23200 ist eine Anzeigeeinrichtung für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einem Anzeigeinstrument und einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung hierfür bekannt. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung wird von einer eine organische lichte- mittierende Substanz aufweisenden Leuchtquelle gebildet. Dabei ist auch vorgesehen, daß Buchstaben aus einem flächenhaften Material der Leuchtquelle ausgestanzt sind, so daß eine Kombination aus Anzeige und Beleuchtung erreicht wird. Eine variable Informationsdarstellung kann allerdings durch eine solche Leuchtquelle nicht erfolgen.From the international application WO 96/23200 a display device for motor vehicles with a display instrument and a lighting device therefor is known. The lighting device is formed by a light source having an organic light-emitting substance. It is also provided that letters are punched out of a flat material of the light source, so that a combination of display and lighting is achieved. Such a light source cannot, however, provide variable information.
Es ist ferner bekannt, in Kraftfahrzeugen Pixel-Matrix- Anzeigen in Form von passiven Flüssigkristall-Displays (LCDs) sowie Displays in Aktiv-Matrix-Ansteuerung (TFT) für die Se- kundärinstrumentierung wie beispielsweise Radio, Uhr,It is also known to use pixel matrix displays in the form of passive liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and displays in active matrix control (TFT) for secondary instrumentation, such as radio, clock, in motor vehicles.
Bordcomputer, Navigationssystem etc. einzusetzen. Eine solche Anzeigeeinrichtung benötigt wegen fehlender eigener Leuchtkraft der Anzeigeelemente eine Hinterleuchtung. Diese bedingt eine hohe Energieaufnahme und eine komplexe Helligkeitsrege- lung.To use on-board computer, navigation system etc. Such a display device requires backlighting because the display elements lack their own luminosity. This requires high energy consumption and complex brightness control.
Aus Patent Abstracts of Japan 07-134558 A ist ein organisches Elektrolumineszenz-Display mit einer Vielzahl von organischen elektrolumineszenten Elementen bekannt. Eine Vielzahl von An- öden und Kathoden sind streifenförmig und kreuzweise angeordnet.From Patent Abstracts of Japan 07-134558 A an organic electroluminescent display with a multitude of organic electroluminescent elements is known. A variety of barriers and cathodes are arranged in strips and crosswise.
Aus der Zeitschrift Elektronik 3/1997, Seiten 44 bis 47 ist ein Multifunktions-Display für einen Testrechner bekannt, der in einem Kraftfahrzeug zu Versuchszwecken angeordnet ist. Das Display zeigt Bilder und Meßdaten an, die von Videokameras und Sensoren des Kraftfahrzeugs angezeigt werden.A multifunction display for a test computer is known from the magazine Elektronik 3/1997, pages 44 to 47, which is arranged in a motor vehicle for test purposes. The display shows images and measurement data that are displayed by video cameras and sensors of the motor vehicle.
Aus Patent Abstracts of Japan 08-036367 A ist ein LED-Display zur Befestigung an transparenten Türen oder Fenstern bekannt. Die LEDs sind paarweise auf Leiterplatten angeordnet. Damit Licht durch diese Anordnung treten kann, sind die Leiterplatten voneinander beabstandet.An LED display for attachment to transparent doors or windows is known from Patent Abstracts of Japan 08-036367 A. The LEDs are arranged in pairs on printed circuit boards. The circuit boards are spaced apart so that light can pass through this arrangement.
Es ist ein Ziel der Erfindung, eine Pixel-Matrix-Anzeige- Einrichtung bereitzustellen, die auf eine Hinterleuchtung verzichten kann.It is an object of the invention to provide a pixel matrix display device which can dispense with backlighting.
Dieses Ziel wird mit einer Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung und einem Verfahren erreicht, wie sie in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen definiert sind. Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This goal is achieved with a pixel matrix display device and a method as defined in the independent claims. Appropriate developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Aufgrund der Realisierung der Pixel durch eine organische lichtemittierende Substanz erübrigt sich grundsätzlich eine Hinterleuchtung der gesamten Anzeigeeinrichtung.Due to the realization of the pixels by an organic light-emitting substance, there is basically no need for backlighting of the entire display device.
Obgleich ein organisches lichtemittierendes Anzeigeelement nicht notwendigerweise eine Diodencharakteristik aufweisen muß, werden im folgenden derartige Anzeigeelemente als organische i-ichtemittierende Diode (OLED) bezeichnet.Although an organic light-emitting display element does not necessarily have to have a diode characteristic, in the following such display elements are referred to as organic i-light-emitting diode (OLED).
Im Gegensatz zu passiven und aktiven Flüssigkristall-Displays kann ein auf organischen lichtemittierenden Anzeigeelementen oder Dioden basierendes Display extrem dünn und an die Geometrie und Krümmung eines Trägers angepaßt hergestellt werden. Zudem können OLEDs transparent ausgeführt werden. Ein OLED- Display eignet sich damit in idealer Weise zur Unterbringung in Transportsystemen. Insbesondere kann ein solches Display optimal an die Geometrie eines Armaturenbretts eines Kraftfahrzeugs oder an beliebige Gegenstände, beispielsweise die Lehne eines Rücksitzes, dem Fahrzeugdach oder dergleichen, angepaßt werden.In contrast to passive and active liquid crystal displays, one can use organic light-emitting display elements or diode-based display can be made extremely thin and adapted to the geometry and curvature of a carrier. OLEDs can also be designed to be transparent. An OLED display is therefore ideally suited for placement in transport systems. In particular, such a display can be optimally adapted to the geometry of a dashboard of a motor vehicle or to any objects, for example the back of a rear seat, the vehicle roof or the like.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung kann auch für eine Innenraumbeleuchtung in einem Transportsystem, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, eingesetzt werden.A pixel matrix display device according to the invention can also be used for interior lighting in a transport system, in particular in a motor vehicle.
Ebenso ist es möglich, ein OLED-Display an einem Fenster oder einem Spiegel anzubringen. Es können daher beispielsweise Anzeigen eines Navigationssystems auf einfache Weise direkt in einer Windschutzscheibe (Head-up Display) eines Kraftfahrzeugs oder die Abstandsanzeige einer Rangierhilfe in der Heckscheibe, in einem Spiegel oder in der Seitenscheibe neben dem Seitenspiegel angezeigt werden. Auch kann ein derartig angebrachtes Display mit einer Kamera aufgenommene Bilder anzeigen. Auf diese Weise kann beispielsweise ein die Aerodynamik störender Fahrzeugaußenspiegel ersetzt werden. Ferner kann so der Abstand zu einem anderen Fahrzeug beim Einparken und Rangieren sichtbar gemacht werden sowie gänzlich auf Rückspiegel verzichtet werden.It is also possible to attach an OLED display to a window or a mirror. Therefore, for example, displays of a navigation system can be easily displayed directly in a windshield (head-up display) of a motor vehicle or the distance display of a maneuvering aid in the rear window, in a mirror or in the side window next to the side mirror. A display attached in this way can also display images recorded with a camera. In this way, for example, a vehicle exterior mirror that interferes with the aerodynamics can be replaced. Furthermore, the distance to another vehicle can be made visible when parking and maneuvering, and there is no need for rear-view mirrors.
Im Gegensatz zu Flüssigkristall-Displays bietet ein OLED- Display einen optimalen („paper-like") Betrachtungswinkel, so daß eine OLED-Display gleichzeitig von einem Fahrer und von Mitfahrern eines Kraftfahrzeugs genutzt werden kann.In contrast to liquid crystal displays, an OLED display offers an optimal ("paper-like") viewing angle, so that an OLED display can be used simultaneously by a driver and passengers of a motor vehicle.
Da ein OLED-Display auch als Folie herstellbar ist, eignet sich die Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung besonders gut für die Nachrüstung eines Anzeigeinstruments in einem Fahrzeug. Es ist nur erforderlich das Display an eine geeignete Stelle zu kleben und die dazugehörige Elektronik an einer verdeckten Stelle anzubringen.Since an OLED display can also be produced as a film, the pixel matrix display device is particularly suitable for retrofitting a display instrument in a vehicle. It is only necessary to glue the display to a suitable place and to attach the associated electronics to a hidden place.
Beim Herstellen von Anzeigeinstrumenten für einen bestimmten Kraftfahrzeugstyp muß lediglich eine erfindungsgemäße Pixel- Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung auf einem Armaturenbrett angeordnet werden und deren Steuereinheit mit einem Steuerprogramm zum Konfigurieren von wenigstens einem Anzeigeinstrument programmiert werden. Die Steuereinheit kann verdeckt im Fahrzeug angeordnet werden.When producing display instruments for a specific motor vehicle type, only a pixel matrix display device according to the invention has to be arranged on a dashboard and its control unit has to be programmed with a control program for configuring at least one display instrument. The control unit can be hidden in the vehicle.
Bevorzugt wird ein Pixel von einem etwa 0,5 mm * 0,5 mm gro- ßen organischen lichtemittierenden Substrat dargestellt.A pixel of an approximately 0.5 mm * 0.5 mm large organic light-emitting substrate is preferably represented.
Nachdem aber OLEDs problemlos als mehrere Quadratzentimeter große Flächen realisierbar sind, kann ein Pixel auch als Symbol, beispielsweise als Pfeil, geformt sein.However, since OLEDs can be easily implemented as areas measuring several square centimeters, a pixel can also be shaped as a symbol, for example as an arrow.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten derFurther advantages, features and possible applications of the
Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:Invention emerge from the following description of the exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 mehrere OLED-Displays für mehrere Zusatzgeräte,FIG. 1 several OLED displays for several additional devices,
Figur 2 ein gemeinsames OLED-Display für mehrere Zusatzgeräte, Figur 3 ein großflächiges OLED-Display zur Darstellung der Primär- und Sekundärinstrumentierung, und Figur 4 OLED-Displays für Reisende auf Vorder- und Rücksitzen.2 shows a common OLED display for several additional devices, FIG. 3 shows a large-area OLED display for showing the primary and secondary instrumentation, and FIG. 4 OLED displays for travelers in front and rear seats.
In Figur 1 ist ein Armaturenbrett 1 eines Kraftfahrzeugs abgebildet, das sowohl herkömmliche Anzeigeinstrumente 2 als auch OLED-Displays 3 aufweist. Dabei ist die Primärinstrumen- tierung, das heißt Informationsanzeigen über den Betriebszustand eines Kraftfahrzeugs wie Geschwindigkeit, Kühlmitteltemperatur und dergleichen, als analoge Anzeigeinstrumente ausgeführt. Die Sekundärinstrumentierung zur Anzeige von In- formationen, die von Zusatzeinrichtungen wie Radio, Klimaanlage, Uhr, Navigationssystem oder dergleichen stammen, ist als separate Pixel-Matrix-Displays basierend auf organischen lichtemittierenden Dioden ausgeführt.FIG. 1 shows a dashboard 1 of a motor vehicle, which has both conventional display instruments 2 and OLED displays 3. The primary instrument tion, that is, information displays about the operating state of a motor vehicle such as speed, coolant temperature and the like, designed as analog display instruments. The secondary instrumentation for displaying information that comes from additional devices such as radio, air conditioning, clock, navigation system or the like is designed as separate pixel matrix displays based on organic light-emitting diodes.
Diese können beispielsweise mit Polymeren, insbesondere konjugierten Polymeren, Oligomeren, kleinen organischen Molekülen, Nanopartikeln in geeigneten Matrizes, wie zum Beispiel Polymeren oder Mischungen hiervon, realisiert werden. Die aktiven organischen Schichten können weitere anorganische und/oder organische Hilfsstoffe enthalten. Derartige Displays werden typischerweise durch Gasphasenprozesse (Aufdampfen im Vakuum) oder Flüssigphasenprozesse (Spin Coating, Rakeln) von mehreren extrem dünnen Schichten hergestellt. Bevorzugte Schichtdicken liegen im Bereich zwischen 10 und 200 nm. Eine geeignete Schichtenfolge besteht aus transparentem Substrat wie Glas oder Polymer-Folie, einer transparenten Elektrode wie Indium-Zinn-Oxid, einer Löchertransportschicht wie N,N'- Bis- (3-methyl-phenyl) -N, N' -diphenylbenzidin (TPD) , einer emittierenden Schicht wie 8-Hydroxychinolin-Aluminiumsalz (A1Q3) , evtl. dotiert mit einem weiteren Emitterfarbstoff wie Rubren und einer Metallgegenelektrode wie Magnesium-Silber- Legierung.These can be realized, for example, with polymers, in particular conjugated polymers, oligomers, small organic molecules, nanoparticles in suitable matrices, such as polymers or mixtures thereof. The active organic layers can contain further inorganic and / or organic auxiliaries. Such displays are typically produced by gas phase processes (vapor deposition in a vacuum) or liquid phase processes (spin coating, knife coating) of several extremely thin layers. Preferred layer thicknesses are in the range between 10 and 200 nm. A suitable layer sequence consists of transparent substrate such as glass or polymer film, a transparent electrode such as indium tin oxide, a hole transport layer such as N, N'-bis- (3-methyl- phenyl) -N, N '-diphenylbenzidine (TPD), an emitting layer such as 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum salt (A1Q3), possibly doped with a further emitter dye such as rubrene and a metal counter electrode such as magnesium-silver alloy.
Weitere Hilfseinrichtungen wie Ansteuerelektronik, die Optik beeinflussende Einrichtungen (Microcavities), Filter, Emissi- ons-Konversionsfilter, UV-Filter, Antireflexschichten können integriert sein. Ebenso ist eine geeignete Umhüllung oder Verkapselung als Schutz gegen mechanische Belastung, Feuchtigkeit sowie als Kühlung und Wärmeabführung vorhanden. Die erzeugten angeregten Zustände (zum Beispiel Exzitonen) regen sich unter Aussendung von sichtbarem Licht an den Chro- mophoren oder Polymerketten ab. Mit solchen OLEDs kann das gesamte Farbspektrum des sichtbaren Lichts abgedeckt werden. Ein farbiger Bildpunkt einer Pixel-Matrix kann daher durch mehrere verschiedenfarbige OLEDs durch Überlagerung der unterschiedlichen Leuchtfarben oder auf herkömmliche Weise mit OLEDs einer einheitlichen Farbe und entsprechenden Farbfil- tern gebildet werden.Other auxiliary devices such as control electronics, optics influencing devices (microcavities), filters, emission conversion filters, UV filters, anti-reflective layers can be integrated. A suitable covering or encapsulation is also available as protection against mechanical stress, moisture and for cooling and heat dissipation. The generated excited states (for example excitons) excite themselves at the chromophores or polymer chains by emitting visible light. The entire color spectrum of visible light can be covered with such OLEDs. A colored pixel of a pixel matrix can therefore be formed by several differently colored OLEDs by superimposing the different luminous colors or in a conventional manner with OLEDs of a uniform color and corresponding color filters.
Dabei kann im Gegensatz zu Flüssigkristall-Displays die Helligkeit der Anzeige sehr einfach über die angelegte Spannung, den eingeprägten Strom oder die Pulsbreite geregelt werden. Daher läßt sich mit einfachen Mitteln eine automatische Hel- ligkeitsregelung zur Nachführung der OLEDs an die aktuellen Lichtverhältnisse realisieren.In contrast to liquid crystal displays, the brightness of the display can be regulated very easily via the applied voltage, the impressed current or the pulse width. Therefore, automatic brightness control for tracking the OLEDs to the current lighting conditions can be implemented with simple means.
Da nur kleine elektrische Leistungen zu regeln sind, reicht eine einfache Regelelektronik aus. Wegen der fehlenden lei- stungsintensiven Hinterleuchtung und der damit verbundenen komplexen Helligkeitsregelung ist der Aufbau eines OLED- Pixel-Matrix-Displays einfacher als bei Flüssigkristall- Displays. Insbesondere gegenüber TFT-Displays ergeben sich deutliche Kostenvorteile.Since only small electrical outputs need to be controlled, simple control electronics are sufficient. Due to the lack of high-performance backlighting and the associated complex brightness control, the construction of an OLED pixel matrix display is easier than with liquid crystal displays. Compared to TFT displays, there are significant cost advantages.
In Figur 2 werden mehrere Anzeigen der Sekundärinstrumentierung in einem einzigen OLED-Display 3 wiedergegeben. Ein Display ist somit für die Wiedergabe von unterschiedlichen Informationsquellen wie Bordcomputer, Navigationssystem, Radio und Telefon zuständig. Da Größe und Gestalt eines OLED- Displays weitgehend beliebig ist, ist eine optimale Anpassung an die vom Innenraum eines Fahrzeugs vorgegebenen Formen möglich. Bedienelemente 4 eines Bedienteils 5 wie Tasten und Schalter weisen ebenfalls eine Oberfläche auf, die als OLED-Pixel- Matrix gestaltet ist. Dabei erlaubt die Verwendung eines flexiblen Substrates für die OLEDs auch die Realisierung von Be- dienelementen als Bildschirmtasten (Softkeys) .In FIG. 2, several displays of the secondary instrumentation are shown in a single OLED display 3. A display is therefore responsible for the playback of different information sources such as on-board computer, navigation system, radio and telephone. Since the size and shape of an OLED display is largely arbitrary, an optimal adaptation to the shapes given by the interior of a vehicle is possible. Operating elements 4 of an operating part 5 such as buttons and switches also have a surface which is designed as an OLED pixel matrix. The use of a flexible substrate for the OLEDs also allows control elements to be implemented as screen keys (softkeys).
Aufgrund des Matrix-Displays auf einem solchen Bedienelement kann dasselbe Bedienelement unterschiedliche Symbole oder Beschriftungen in Abhängigkeit einer gewählten Funktion (zum Beispiel Radio, Telefon oder Navigationssystem) oder eines Betriebszustands (Fenster offen / geschlossen) darstellen.Due to the matrix display on such an operating element, the same operating element can represent different symbols or labels depending on a selected function (for example radio, telephone or navigation system) or an operating state (window open / closed).
In Figur 3 sind nicht nur einzelne oder mehrere Instrumente der Sekundärinstrumentierung, wie oben gezeigt, durch ein OLED-Pixel-Matrix-Display ersetzt, sondern es wird sowohl die Primärinstrumentierung als auch die Sekundärinstrumentierung durch ein einziges großflächiges OLED-Display 3 dargestellt. Ferner ist ein Pixel-Matrix-Display aus transparenten OLEDs in einer Windschutzscheibe 6 integriert.In FIG. 3, not only individual or several instruments of secondary instrumentation, as shown above, are replaced by an OLED pixel matrix display, but both the primary instrumentation and the secondary instrumentation are represented by a single large-area OLED display 3. Furthermore, a pixel matrix display made of transparent OLEDs is integrated in a windshield 6.
Die Aufteilung der Displays ist jeweils beliebig. Die Darstellung, einschließlich aller Symbole und Instrumentenanzeigen, ist in bezug auf ihre Anordnung und auf ihre Gestaltung frei programmierbar. Hieraus resultiert eine hohe gestalteri- sehe Freiheit bei einfacher Umsetzung eines Designs auf einen bestimmten Fahrzeugtyp. Es muß jeweils nur die Software entsprechend angepaßt werden. Eine Speichereinrichtung 7 speichert die programmierte Instrumentenkonfiguration ab, die über eine Steuereinrichtung 8 oder CPU ausgegeben wird.The layout of the displays is arbitrary. The display, including all symbols and instrument displays, is freely programmable in terms of their arrangement and design. This results in a high degree of design freedom with the simple implementation of a design for a specific vehicle type. Only the software has to be adapted accordingly. A memory device 7 stores the programmed instrument configuration, which is output via a control device 8 or CPU.
Durch die Integration mehrerer Anzeigen in ein Display, das über eine Steuereinrichtung ansteuerbar ist, wird der Verkabelungsaufwand gegenüber einer herkömmlichen Primärinstrumentierung deutlich reduziert. Ferner sind die Herstellung und der Einbau des gezeigten OLED-Displays in wenigeren bzw. einfacheren Arbeitsschritten möglich.By integrating several displays in a display that can be controlled by a control device, the wiring effort is significantly reduced compared to conventional primary instrumentation. Furthermore, the manufacture and the installation of the OLED display shown is possible in fewer or simpler steps.
Neben der vom Hersteller vorgegebenen Aufteilung kann der Benutzer eine individuelle Gestaltung des Displays vornehmen. So können zusätzliche Navigationspiktogramme an vom Fahrer oder Mitfahrer vorgegebenen Positionen des Bildschirms angezeigt werden. Zusätzliche benutzerspezifische Symbole, wie beispielsweise ein Symbol zur Anzeige eines eingehenden Fa- xes, können generiert und in einem bestimmten Bereich ange- zeigt werden. Der Benutzer kann entscheiden, ob ein bestimmtes, vom Fahrzeughersteller in der Speichereinrichtung 7 abgespeichertes Anzeigeinstrument angezeigt wird und an welchem Ort es gegebenenfalls angezeigt wird. Ferner kann er aus einer Mehrzahl von in der Speichereinrichtung 7 abgelegten De- signs für ein bestimmtes Anzeigeinstrument, beispielsweise analoges oder digitales Instrument, auswählen. Es kann eine Vielzahl von benutzerspezifischen Konfigurationen abgespeichert werden. Daher kann ein Benutzer auch bei einem Mietwagen seine gewohnte Benutzeroberfläche konfigurieren.In addition to the division specified by the manufacturer, the user can customize the display. Additional navigation pictograms can be displayed at positions on the screen specified by the driver or passenger. Additional user-specific symbols, such as a symbol for displaying an incoming fax, can be generated and displayed in a specific area. The user can decide whether a particular display instrument stored by the vehicle manufacturer in the storage device 7 is displayed and at which location it is possibly displayed. Furthermore, he can select from a plurality of designs stored in the storage device 7 for a specific display instrument, for example an analog or digital instrument. A large number of user-specific configurations can be saved. Therefore, a user can configure his usual user interface even with a rental car.
Die angezeigte Information weist wegen der eigenen Leuchtkraft einen sehr hohen Kontrast auf und wird daher sehr gut wahrgenommen .The information displayed has a very high contrast due to its own luminosity and is therefore very well perceived.
Figur 4 zeigt einen Fahrzeuginnenraum, bei dem für die Passagiere auf den Vordersitzen ein großflächiges OLED-Display 3 am Armaturenbrett und für die Fondpassagiere jeweils an den Rücklehnen der Vordersitze OLED-Displays 9 angebracht sind. Die Displays sind wegen der hohen erzielbaren Schaltfrequenz der OLEDs sehr gut für Video- und Multimediaanwendungen geeignet. Einem Display sind Anschlüsse 10 für Tastatur, Maus, Joystick, Kopfhörer und Mikrophon zugeordnet.FIG. 4 shows a vehicle interior in which a large-area OLED display 3 is attached to the dashboard for the passengers on the front seats and OLED displays 9 for the rear passengers in each case on the backrests of the front seats. The displays are very well suited for video and multimedia applications due to the high achievable switching frequency of the OLEDs. Connections 10 for keyboard, mouse, joystick, headphones and microphone are assigned to a display.
Ein Multimediarechner 11, der mit den einzelnen Displays 3, 9 vernetzt ist, dient gleichzeitig als Personalcomputer für Beifahrer und Fondpassagiere. Durch die fahrzeuginterne Ver- netzung zwischen den einzelnen Displays ist eine Kommunikation mit Bild und Daten möglich. Über Internet können Daten mit externen Stellen ausgetauscht werden.A multimedia computer 11, which is networked with the individual displays 3, 9, also serves as a personal computer for passengers and rear passengers. Thanks to the in-vehicle Networking between the individual displays enables communication with images and data. Data can be exchanged with external parties via the Internet.
Die Displays 9 an den Rücksitzen können zum jeweiligen Benutzer hin geklappt werden und beim Verlassen des Fahrzeugs zum Schutz vor Diebstahl entnommen werden.The displays 9 on the rear seats can be folded towards the respective user and can be removed when leaving the vehicle for protection against theft.
Sofern ein Display nicht anderweitig genutzt ist, läßt es sich als Innenbeleuchtung verwenden. An der Innenseite einer Tür angebracht, erfüllt ein leuchtendes OLED-Display bei geöffneter Tür die Funktion einer Warnleuchte. If a display is not used for other purposes, it can be used as interior lighting. Attached to the inside of a door, a luminous OLED display acts as a warning light when the door is open.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung zur Informationsdarstellung in Transportsystemen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Pixel durch ein organisches lichtemittierendes Element realisiert ist.1. Pixel matrix display device for displaying information in transport systems, characterized in that a pixel is realized by an organic light-emitting element.
2. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß organische lichtemittierende Elemente In- formation von unterschiedlichen Informationsquellen darstellen.2. Pixel matrix display device according to claim 1, characterized in that organic light-emitting elements represent information from different information sources.
3. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein von orga- nischen lichtemittierenden Elementen gebildeter Bereich (3) wenigstens ein Anzeigeinstrument (2) abbildet, in dem veränderliche Information durch organische lichtemittierende Elemente angezeigt wird.3. Pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an area formed by organic light-emitting elements (3) depicts at least one display instrument (2) in which variable information is displayed by organic light-emitting elements.
4. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden4. Pixel matrix display device according to the previous one
Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein von den organischen lichtemittierenden Elementen gebildeter Bereich (3) zur alternativen Darstellung unterschiedlicher Anzeigeinstrumente bestimmt ist.Claim, characterized in that a region (3) formed by the organic light-emitting elements is intended for the alternative display of different display instruments.
5. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Speichereinrichtung (7), in der zur Informationsdarstellung Beschriftungen in verschiedenen Sprachen und/oder Symbole gespeichert sind.5. Pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a storage device (7), in which labels are stored in different languages and / or symbols for information display.
6. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Speichereinrichtung (7) zur benutzerspezifischen Abspeicherung der Konfiguration der Anzeigeeinrichtung. 6. Pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a storage device (7) for user-specific storage of the configuration of the display device.
7. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, gekennzeichnet durch transparente organische lichtemittierende Elemente.7. Pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by transparent organic light-emitting elements.
8. Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Anbringung an einem Spiegel oder einer Fensterscheibe (6).8. Pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the attachment to a mirror or a window pane (6).
9. Bedienelement in einem Transportsystem, gekennzeichnet durch eine Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen.9. Control element in a transport system, characterized by a pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims.
10. System zur Wiedergabe von Bildinformation in einem Trans- portsystem, gekennzeichnet durch eine Kamera zur Aufnahme von Bildern der Umgebung des Transportsystems und durch eine Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen zur Anzeige der aufgenommenen Bilder.10. System for reproducing image information in a transport system, characterized by a camera for recording images of the surroundings of the transport system and by a pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims for displaying the recorded images.
11. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Anzeigeinstrumenten für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Schritten:11. A method for producing display instruments for a motor vehicle, comprising the steps:
- eine Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen wird auf einem Armaturenbrett (1) angeordnet, - eine Steuereinheit der Pixel-Matrix-Anzeigeeinrichtung wird mit einem Steuerprogramm zum Konfigurieren von wenigstens einem Anzeigeinstrument (2) versehen. - A pixel matrix display device according to one of the preceding claims is arranged on a dashboard (1), - A control unit of the pixel matrix display device is provided with a control program for configuring at least one display instrument (2).
EP98916824A 1997-03-03 1998-03-03 Pixel-matrix display arrangement for transport systems Withdrawn EP0964800A1 (en)

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DE19708610A1 (en) 1998-09-24
JP2001513911A (en) 2001-09-04
WO1998039176A1 (en) 1998-09-11
AU7029398A (en) 1998-09-22

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