EP0962575A1 - Device and method for finishing textile goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly for finishing fabric piecegoods has a vessel (1) with a fabric inlet (2) and at least one jet (3) to apply the treatment fluid, and an intensive stretch leading to a fabric exit (5). The vessel does not retain the fabric, and a minimum dead volume is achieved by accurate matching of the jet (3) and the intensive stretch (4) within the vessel (1). The vessel (1) has a capacity of ≤ 150 l and especially 60-120 l. The vessel has one or more perforations at the under side. The jet (3) has a hydraulic operation through a pump (6) giving a liquid flow. The textile material is impregnated or dyed with a processing liquid ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:4.0 and especially 1:2 to 1:3.5.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Finishing, especially dyeing, of textile goods using the exhaust process a short fleet ratio in a very short time.

Discontinuous dyeing of circular knitted and circular knitted fabrics Extraction methods in jet dyeing machines correspond to the state of the art today. With this technique, the batch or piecewise becomes a strand summarized textile goods either with treatment liquor, with air / steam or using a combination of the two media using a so-called The jet nozzle moves and is transported to a store. Main feature of this Working technique is that the goods are in a self-contained endless form by the kinetic energy of the tangential jet through the unit is transported through, during the different Treatment stages gas and liquid flow alternate or combined what can be a seamless transition from a dyeing step to allowed to others without a standstill and under isothermal conditions.

An isothermal treatment method is known from EP-A 0 014 919, in the case of the hot preheated material to be treated with a hot treatment liquor a conventional jet system is brought into contact, part of the Treatment fleet the goods storage space, the other part of the jet nozzle is supplied and the goods drive either by a gas or by a liquid (i.e. the liquor) or by both together.

In the discontinuous dyeing method described in EP-A-0 078 022, based on the aerodynamic movement of the textile strand is laid out, the fiber material is introduced in batches into the dyeing jet.

There the dye liquor is applied to the material in such a way that it is in atomized form is injected into the circulated gas stream, the Textile goods and the treatment fleet not absorbed by the material always circulated again. The order for the entire fleet is made via distributed several circulation of goods, and through the ongoing recirculation of the Excess fleet will spread evenly across both the fleet and reached as well in the strand. After completing the dyeing operation, it will material dyed in one piece removed from the jet. This procedure is described in a conventional jet system with an additional device for atomizing or dusting the treatment agent into the driving gas stream is executed.

A disadvantage of the processes mentioned is, for example, that in the case of pure cellulosic articles still with a relatively long fleet of 1: 6 to 1: 8 must be worked and therefore large amounts of thermal energy are necessary to heat up these liquor quantities to the required temperatures. Furthermore the jet system inevitably contains large amounts of these processes excess, freely circulating fleet, so that the goods in the whole System, even in the store, is in contact with the fleet. The consequence of which is a relatively long drawing process of the dye and a even longer-lasting dosing and fixing process.

1. Die im Zuge des einmaligen Farbstoffauftrags erzeugten Markierungen egalisieren im weiteren Verlauf des beschriebenen isothermen Prozesses, entgegen den Aussagen der Schrift, nicht mehr aus. Da die Farbstofflösung alle auch zur Fixierung von Reaktivfarbstoffen notwendigen Chemikalien enthält, setzt nach der isothermen Imprägnierung der Fixierprozess sofort ein. Beim Weitertransport durch Gas oder Gas/Dampfgemische steht für ein Egalisieren keine weitere migrierende Flotte zur Verfügung, einmal erzeugte Unegalitäten werden nicht mehr ausgeglichen.

2. Während des aerodynamischen Transports des Warenstranges durch thermisch aufbereitetes Gas, kommt es zum

Verblasen" von aufgebrachter Farbstofflösung, damit zu lokalen Konzentrationsunterschieden, was in der Folge zu Unegalitäten auf der gefärbten Ware führt.

There has therefore been no shortage of attempts to design the application conditions for the colorant in such a way that uniform dyeing can be achieved with as little as possible, if possible minimal, liquor application. For example, EP-A 310013 describes a process for the continuous dyeing of strand-like textile material by means of nozzle dyeing machines, the feed for the transport of the goods being effected by the actuation of the nozzle system by the kinetic energy of a circulated gas stream. In the course of this dyeing process, a dyeing liquor is continuously injected into the gas stream of the jet nozzle, which dye liquor already contains all the auxiliary chemicals necessary for fixing the dye. The amount of the liquor is measured in such a way that the entire applied fleet remains in the product line and that no excess migrating fleet occurs during the subsequent fixation. However, this process is ultimately not technically feasible for two reasons, for example for reactive dyes:

1. The markings created in the course of the one-time application of dye no longer equalize in the further course of the isothermal process described, contrary to what the writing says. Since the dye solution contains all chemicals that are also required for fixing reactive dyes, the fixing process starts immediately after the isothermal impregnation. When transporting through gas or gas / steam mixtures, no more migrating fleets are available for equalization; once created, irregularities are no longer compensated for.

2. During the aerodynamic transport of the product line through thermally processed gas, this occurs

Blowing "of the applied dye solution, thus leading to local concentration differences, which in turn leads to irregularities on the dyed goods.

The object of the present invention was therefore to provide a device or a Find a method that does not have the disadvantages mentioned and with fleet ratios as short as possible and dyeings higher in the shortest possible time Quality delivers.

It has now surprisingly been found that, contrary to one in the Common widespread opinion is possible in a textile product line a jet transport device in a very short fleet, for example with Reactive dyes in a liquor ratio of 1: 3 in only three to seven Impregnate circulations regardless, in the same facility in the further Process flow with an additional 0.5 goods weight units for fixing apply the necessary alkali, thus coloring, without causing irregularities or markings appear on the goods.

The present invention thus relates to a device for refining Textile, essentially comprising a container (1) with goods inlet (2), at least one nozzle (3) for applying a treatment liquor, the Nozzle can simultaneously be the goods inlet, intensive section (4) and goods outlet (5), characterized in that the container has no goods store and exact fitting of the nozzle (3) and intensive care section (4) into the container (1) minimized dead volume.

The present invention further relates to a method for refining Textile, which is characterized in that it is in an inventive Device is running. The device according to the invention enables the finishing of textile goods strands essentially only by one consequent separation of fleet and goods flow after each passage of the device according to the invention.

Under finishing textile goods is within the scope of the present invention especially the dyeing of natural or synthetic textile materials Textile dyes and the associated pre- and post-treatments Understood. The device according to the invention or circular knitted and circular knitted fabrics according to the inventive method, in particular circular knitting, circular knitting and woven goods made of natural or modified hydroxyl-containing or natural, modified or synthetic fiber materials containing carbonamide groups with water-soluble Dyes are colored.

Hydroxy group-containing fiber materials are, for example, cellulosic fiber materials, such as the natural fiber materials, such as those made of cotton, jute and linen, and the modified fiber materials, such as those made from regenerated cellulose, such as, for example, viscose silk, and cellulose fibers modified with amino group-containing compounds, such as, for example, from the U.S. Patent Nos. 5507840, 5565007 and 5529585, known from EP-A 665311 and from DE-A 19519023.
Fiber materials containing carbonamide groups are natural fiber materials, such as wool and other animal hair and silk, and also synthetic polyamide fiber materials, such as fiber materials made of polyamide-6, polyamide-11 and polyamide-6,6.

Water-soluble dyes are in particular those of an anionic nature, for example the so-called acid and direct dyes, but especially fiber-reactive dyes (reactive dyes). As fiber reactive dyes are in particular to emphasize those that form a residue of the Have vinyl sulfone series, such as the vinyl sulfonyl group or one Ethylsulfonyl group, which is in the β-position by an in alkaline medium eliminable substituents is substituted, such as the β-sulfatoethylsulfonyl, β-acetoxyethylsulfonyl, β-chloroethylsulfonyl or β-thiosulfatoethylsulfonyl group, furthermore fiber-reactive residues from chlorotriazinyl, fluorotriazinyl, Fluoropyrimidinyl, chlorofluoropyrimidinyl and dichloroquinoxazinyl series as well Dyes with combinations of such reactive groups. Reactive dyes of the type mentioned are familiar to the person skilled in the art and for example in EP-A 513656 described.

In the device according to the invention or according to the invention Dyeing processes can do all common circular and knitted articles, such as single Jersey, plush handles, interlock, fine rib, piquet and lining materials advantageous be treated. In addition, the finishing of woven goods is among the conditions according to the invention possible without problems.

However, it can also, possibly with some modifications or as a version as HT apparatus, textile material made of polyester with Disperse dyes or textile goods made of other materials with it suitable dyes are dyed.

The pre-treatment and post-treatment of the actual dyeing Textile goods, which are also carried out with the aid of the device according to the invention, are, in particular, treatments for applying equipment, but mainly bleaching and washing processes.

The device according to the invention or the dyeing process according to the invention for dyeing cellulosic circular knitting, Circular knitted and woven goods with reactive dyes and the associated ones Pretreatment and post-treatment of the goods.

The container (1) of the device according to the invention can in principle be any have any geometric shape, but is preferably cylindrical or cuboid. Due to the lack of a store and the exact Fitting the nozzle (3) and intensive care unit (4), the container (1) is compared dimensioned very small with conventional jet dyeing machines and has one Volume of advantageously less than 150 liters. Particularly preferred it has a volume of 60 to 120 liters.

The inlet and outlet elements (2) and outlet (5) normally used for jet dyeing systems are usually the inlet and outlet elements which, in the case of HT processes, also serve as pressure seals. Such elements are known per se to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in DE-A 2537665 and DE-A 2325604. The goods outlet (5) is preferably connected to a stripping device, for example a rubber lip, a metal ring or a conical cylinder piece, or is already designed as such.
The nozzle (3) is also usually a component which is customary in jet dyeing and is designed such that it is operated hydraulically with a flowing liquor by means of a pump (6) and the propulsion takes place while the textile material is impregnated at the same time. Propulsion can be additionally supported by other means known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, reels or air nozzles.

The intensive section (4) usually consists of a cylindrical metal tube in which the goods to be treated are still in intensive contact with the treatment liquor for a short time.
The container (1) preferably has one or more openings (7) at the deepest point of its underside through which excess liquor can drain and is preferably returned in a circuit to the nozzle (3). The container (1) is particularly preferably perforated on its underside for this purpose.
Depending on the requirement, the device according to the invention can optionally have further components, such as a lint filter. If polyester is to be colored with disperse dyes, it must be equipped, for example, with appropriate heating devices in order to achieve the temperatures required for this. As a rule, preparation vessels for the liquor or other treatment liquids, as well as the corresponding supply and discharge lines, pumps and, if necessary, heat exchangers are also necessary. It is also advisable to store the part of the line of goods that is not currently passing through the device according to the invention in a clipboard or in a goods store, which is provided in a suitable manner with the device according to the invention.
It is possible to construct the device according to the invention in such a way that the jet nozzle (3) also functions as goods inlet (2).

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, but without restricting it to this form.
The container (1) is provided with a goods inlet (2) into which the textile material to be finished is inserted. It leaves the container (1) via the goods outlet (5) provided with a stripping device. In the container (1) there is the jet nozzle (3) which, by means of a pump (6), first presses the liquor through the heat exchanger (9) and then into the nozzle (3). The textile fabric strand, which is moved forward by flowing liquor or alternatively via reels (10), passes through the intensive section (4) directly after the nozzle passage and is brought to a defined moisture application in the goods outlet (5). The medium required for the impregnation is ideally fed to the pump (6) via a feed vessel (not shown) directly via the feed line (11). Excess liquor wiped off after passing through the intensive section (4) runs back into the container (1) and quickly reaches the suction side of the pump (6), for example via perforated sheets (7). Via the outlet (8), liquor can be removed directly into the batch vessel, for example in order to dissolve further chemicals with the liquor in circulation and then to feed it back into the working medium.
The dead volume of the container (1) is minimized by precisely fitting the nozzle (3) and the intensive section (4), ie just as much free liquor is available for the pump (6) by supplying via (11) and wiping off at (5) , as is necessary for the correct operation of the pump (6).

With the device according to the invention you can in a textile fabric very short liquor, preferably 1: 2.5 to 4, particularly preferably 1: 2 to 3.5, impregnated or dyed and produced with reactive dyes, for example no irregularities or markings on the goods. This is special also surprising, since pure cotton articles are used for dyeing Prior art reactive dyes have at least one liquor ratio of about 1: 5 is needed and often only because of the transport and to move the goods, the jet nozzle also with air or steam is operated. The device according to the invention thus differs from the usual pull-out dyeing in the jet in that the one to be treated Line of goods only in the small-sized container (1) with the treatment / transport fleet comes into contact, only circulate the fleet in this container can and thus in the dyeing process the extremely short Fleet relationships can be realized.

If desired, it is also possible to use several devices according to the invention to connect in series and so an infinite line of goods to refine according to the invention (continuous driving style). For coloring Cellulosic textile materials with reactive dyes are used advantageously before that in a first invention Device continuously impregnated the goods with liquor and in others Devices according to the invention apply the alkali required for fixation.

In a preferred embodiment, the dyeing process according to the invention works as follows:
First, the device according to the invention is loaded with a finite strand of the textile material to be finished, preferably to be dyed. For the transport of goods, the nozzle (3) can be operated, for example, with a colorless liquor containing wetting agent. Expediently, however, the impregnation of the product strand with a liquor of paint takes place during the loading process of the device. It is also possible to pull one end of the goods strand manually through the device according to the invention (lead rope). The ends are sewn together after the line of goods has been run in. Subsequently, the colored impregnation liquor is fed to the pump (6) via a batch vessel and inlet (11) as quickly as possible, in such a way that just enough free liquor is always available for the operation of the nozzle (3), even at high running speeds Is available and the fleet as a whole is sufficient to impregnate the entire strand. For a batch size of 100 kg, for example, 300 liters of transport and impregnation medium, liquor ratio 1: 3, are sufficient. This amount is of course dependent on the fleet retention capacity of the textile product line and can vary widely. In the fold of dyeing with reactive dye, after two to five passages through the container (1) with the intensive section (4), the alkali required for fixing the dye is then added to the impregnation unit via the inlet (11). This happens either by taking liquid from the circuit via the outlet (8) and dissolving the alkali therein and then feeding it back into the circuit, or better by dissolving the alkali with additional liquid and then adding it quickly to the transport medium. In total, this results in a fleet ratio of approximately 1: 3.5. After the addition of the entire alkali and a defined follow-up time, the washing-out process begins, as is customary for dyeing with reactive dyes. The dyeing process with reactive dyes is, so to speak, after the impregnation of the fabric strand with dye liquor by adding alkali in the device according to the invention in one wet in wet "order completed.
The following examples are intended to explain the mode of operation of the device according to the invention or of the dyeing method according to the invention, without restricting it in any way to the design features disclosed therein. The device according to the invention is referred to in the examples as an ultrashort liquor impregnation unit.

example 1

For dyeing 100kg of a bleached cotton jersey in tube form with a weight of about 240 g / m ² in an ultra-short liquor impregnation unit, the goods are transported as a finite tube by means of the jet nozzle operated by the treatment liquor. The procedure is as follows: First, the start of the strand is pulled through the machine with the help of a rope and the ends are sewn together. At the same time, 300 liters of a 60 ° C liquor, which contains 1 g of a nonionic wetting agent in liters, are prepared in the batch container. The entire line of goods is then transported through the jet nozzle operated with the treatment liquor through the ultrashort liquor impregnation unit and stored in a provided goods store, from where it is then fed back to the treatment unit.
According to this pre-wetting, the goods have a fleet absorption of 230%, corresponding to 230 liters of bound fleet. The remaining 70 liters of the fleet used are used to operate the pump and the jet nozzle. In this freely circulating liquor, 2.2 kg of the reactive dye with the color index designation CI Yellow 027, 2 kg of the reactive dye CI Red 242, 6.4 kg of the reactive dye CI Black 5, 8.75 kg of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 0.35 kg of one commercially available wrinkle inhibitor dissolved and heated to 60 ° C. The ultra-short liquor impregnation unit is restarted and the dye / salt solution is applied to the fabric strand in 10 minutes regardless. At the same time, the fixing alkali necessary for the completion of the coloring is prepared in a further batch container. For this purpose, 8.75 kg of sodium sulfate and 12 kg of sodium carbonate are pre-dissolved in 50 liters of water at 60 ° C. After the impregnation phase has ended, the entire solution is metered into the main batch vessel in 15 minutes while the ultrashort liquor impregnation unit is running continuously. After a run-on time of 45 minutes at 60 ° C, the washout process can be started.
To complete the dyeing, first rinse twice with 500 liters of fresh water at 60 ° C in the overflow for 4 minutes. Then rinse again with 400 liters of fresh water at room temperature before neutralizing with 250 liters of water, which contain 2 ml of acetic acid per liter, for 10 minutes. This is followed by two soaping steps, each with 250 liters of fresh water at 95 ° C and a final rinse with 250 liters of water at 60 ° C.
A black dyeing with the same good fastness properties and the same depth of color is obtained, which is obtained when used under the same dyeing conditions on a normal jet dyeing machine.

Example 2

For bleaching and dyeing 100 kg of a raw cotton fabric in a rope form with a weight of about 180 g / m ² , the finite strand of the material is drawn into the machine and sewn together in accordance with the procedure described in Example 1.
In the batch vessel, 300 liters of liquor are prepared, which contains 1 g of an anionic wetting agent, 2 ml of a wrinkle inhibitor, 4 ml of 35% hydrogen peroxide and 4 ml of 33% sodium hydroxide solution per liter. The solution is heated to 60 ° C and applied to the fabric strand using the ultra-short liquor impregnation unit. The mixture is heated to 90 ° C. and left to run for 15 minutes at this temperature. Then rinse with 500 liters of 80 ° C warm water and again with 250 liters of 60 ° C warm water in the overflow. To neutralize the alkali and destroy superfluous peroxide, a 10-minute rinse with 250 liters of water at 60 ° C, containing 3 ml of acetic acid and 2 ml of a commercially available peroxide-destroying substance, follows. This is followed by a rinse cycle at 60 ° C with 250 liters of water and a rinse cycle at 40 ° C also with 250 liters of water. The water retention capacity of the goods after they leave the impregnation unit is around 220%, corresponding to 220 liters of water. In the preparation vessel and in the piping system of the ultrashort liquor impregnation device there is another 80 liters of water as a freely circulating liquor.
The damp goods are now dyed in the same facility. To do this, proceed as in Example 1.
400 g of the reactive dye CI Yellow 176, 600 g of the reactive dye CI Red 239, 4000 g of the reactive dye CI Blue 182, 5250 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 350 g of a commercially available wrinkle inhibitor and about 100 g of a commercially available wetting agent are dissolved in the free float . The ultra-short liquor impregnation unit is then restarted and the dye / salt solution is applied to the fabric strand in 10 minutes. At the same time, the fixing alkali necessary for the completion of the coloring is prepared. For this purpose, 5.25 kg of sodium sulfate and 10 kg of sodium carbonate are dissolved in 50 liters of water at 60 ° C. After the impregnation phase has ended, the entire solution is metered into the main batch vessel over 15 minutes while the ultra-short liquor impregnation unit is running continuously. After a run-on time of 45 minutes at 60 ° C, the washout process can be started. To complete the dyeing, the procedure is as in Example 1, and a blue dyeing is obtained with a fastness level that is in no way inferior to that of a dye produced in a long liquor.
The total time of the process including pre-bleaching was 3 hours and 30 minutes. The water consumption amounts to 38 liters per kg of dyed goods and is therefore around 50% lower than the water quantities customary according to the state of the art.

Example 3 For dyeing 100 kg of a jersey made of mercerized cotton in tubular form with a weight of approximately 180 g / m ² , a finite tube of the material is wetted with the treatment liquors by the ultrashort liquor impregnation unit. Here it is first in the treatment unit in a liquor ratio of 1: 2.5, corresponding to 250 liters of liquor, with a 60 ° C warm dye solution, the 350 g of the reactive dye CI Yellow 125, 360 g of the reactive dye CI Red 158, 120 g of Reactive dye CI Blue 209 contains 7000 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 300 g of a commercially available wrinkle inhibitor and about 200 g of a commercially available wetting agent, impregnated and transferred to the memory, from where the goods are again fed to the impregnation unit. After passing through the impregnation unit containing the dye solution five times, the fixing alkali solution required for completing the dyeing, plus an additional 100 percent, based on the weight of the goods, is added. For this purpose, 7000 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 5000 g of sodium carbonate are dissolved in 100 liters of water, heated to 60 ° C. and fed to the suction side of the pump in 15 minutes. The dwell time in the clipboard (memory) is usually 2 minutes and depends on the quantity of goods and the speed of circulation. After a running time of 30 minutes, the dyeing is washed with water and the customary aftertreatment liquors in accordance with the instructions in Example 1 and finished.

A light brown color is obtained with equally good fastness properties and same color depth as when using a conventional discontinuous process in a jet nozzle machine and a fleet ratio of 1:10.

Claims (7)

Device for finishing textile goods, essentially comprising a Container (1) with goods inlet (2), at least one nozzle (3) for applying a Treatment fleet, intensive care section (4) and goods outlet (5), thereby characterized in that the container no goods store and by accurate Fit nozzle (3) and intensive care unit (4) into the container (1) minimized dead volume. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is dyeing of cellulosic circular knitting, circular knitting and woven goods Reactive dyes, as well as the associated pre- and post-treatments serves the goods. Device according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the Container (1) has a volume of less than 150 liters, particularly preferably 60 up to 120 liters. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that they have one or more openings on their underside provided, particularly preferably perforated. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the nozzle (3) by means of a pump (6) hydraulically with flowing fleet is operated. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that it is a textile product line with a Liquor ratio of 1: 2.5 to 4, particularly preferably 1: 2 to 3.5 impregnated or colors. Process for finishing textile goods, characterized in that it is in a device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 becomes.

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