EP0962372B1 - Frictional and interlocking connection between two elements, especially between two elements of different materials - Google Patents
Frictional and interlocking connection between two elements, especially between two elements of different materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0962372B1 EP0962372B1 EP99110501A EP99110501A EP0962372B1 EP 0962372 B1 EP0962372 B1 EP 0962372B1 EP 99110501 A EP99110501 A EP 99110501A EP 99110501 A EP99110501 A EP 99110501A EP 0962372 B1 EP0962372 B1 EP 0962372B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure distribution
- fastening means
- distribution piece
- carrier part
- frictional connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/10—Articulated vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for non-positive connection and a frictional connection of two components, in particular connection of two components of different material
- connection must in vehicles, especially in heavily loaded rail vehicles the operational, dynamic forces, such. B. when braking as well as the significantly higher forces of a collision shock and start at a safety-relevant point in the train suffice.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for frictional connection of two components and to improve a compound prepared in such a way that this compound as possible over the entire life of the attachments maintains the impressed bias with minimal settlement losses and an automatic, unwanted loosening of attached to the attachment attachment in normal operation with high security is prevented.
- the non-positive connection according to the invention between two components consists of a carrier part 1, an attachment 2, releasable attachment means 3 and at least one pressure distribution 4.
- the pressure distribution 4 is used in the singular, although it may be several.
- the attachment 2 is on the support part 1 by means of the carrier part 1 and arranged behind it Druckverteil choir 4 penetrate part of the fastening means 3, in particular screw 3a, and the associated, holding part of the fastening means, in particular nut 3b, attached.
- the pressure distribution piece 4 is welded to the carrier part 1. It is particularly advantageous for the voltage input and durability of the screw when the Druckverteil Anlagen 4 is welded only after application of a proposed biasing force by means of the releasable fastening means 3 with the support member 1 under tension.
- the Druckverteil committee 4 distributes the forces from the bias of the fastener 3 and the operational stress on adjacent components. After the production of the welds, the releasable attachment means 3 can be loosened and disassembled, for which state the welds 8 on the pressure distribution piece 4 proportional stresses - from the withdrawal of the preload forces - received.
- the support member 1 is formed as a hollow or hollow chamber profile, the webs 5, which are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the releasable fastening means 3 and parallel to the shaft of the penetrating fastening means (screw 3a).
- the arrangement of the webs 5 in the immediate vicinity of the releasable fastener 3 cause increased stiffness of the profiles in this area and allow the application of higher biasing forces.
- the pressure distribution piece 4 consists, at least in the welding zone, of a material which can be welded to the carrier part 1. Preferably, a material of the same material is used.
- the pressure distribution piece 4 may have further stiffening webs 6 for increasing the rigidity.
- the pressure distribution piece 4 is pot-shaped in a preferred embodiment. It has circumferential stiffening webs 6 in the edge region.
- a pressure piece 7 in particular made of the material steel.
- the object of the invention is particularly advantageous if the attachment 2 is made of a material of a higher strength than the carrier part 1. This is the case when steel parts z. B. joints and / or coupling brackets to aluminum structures must be able to be fixed and reliable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur kraftschlüssigen Verbindung sowie eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung von zwei Bauteilen, insbesondere Verbindung von zwei Bauteilen unterschiedlichen WerkstoffsThe invention relates to a method for non-positive connection and a frictional connection of two components, in particular connection of two components of different material
Die betriebssichere Herstellung einer kraftschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen bei betriebsbedingt auftretenden dynamischen Kräften stellt ein Problem dar, insbesondere, wenn zwei Bauteile aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen, z. B. ein Gelenk oder Kupplungsbock aus Stahlguss an ein Strangpressprofil aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, verbunden werden müssen, was im Schienenfahrzeugbau oft verwirklicht werden muss.The reliable production of a non-positive connection between two components with operationally occurring dynamic forces is a problem, especially if two components made of different materials, eg. As a joint or coupling bracket made of cast steel to an extruded profile of an aluminum alloy, must be connected, which often has to be realized in rail vehicle.
Die Verbindung muss bei Fahrzeugen, insbesondere bei hochbelasteten Schienenfahrzeugen den betriebsbedingten, dynamischen Kräften, z. B. beim Bremsen ebenso wie den erheblich höheren Kräften eines Auflaufstoßes und Anfahren an einer sicherheitsrelevanten Stelle im Zugverband genügen.The connection must in vehicles, especially in heavily loaded rail vehicles the operational, dynamic forces, such. B. when braking as well as the significantly higher forces of a collision shock and start at a safety-relevant point in the train suffice.
Es ist bekannt, eine Verbindung mit geeigneten Schrauben derart vorzuspannen, dass deren Vorspannung über die gesamte Lebensdauer weitgehend aufrechterhalten wird. Als geeignete Schrauben sind z. B. Dehnschrauben aus der DIN 267 bekannt. Bei Werkstoffen geringerer Festigkeit als Stahl, z. B. bei Aluminiumlegierungen ist es aber oft schwierig, die notwendigen Kräfte auf den Bauteilen abzusetzen und abzutragen.It is known to bias a connection with suitable screws such that their bias is largely maintained over the entire life. As suitable screws z. B. expansion bolts from DIN 267 known. For materials of lower strength than steel, z. As with aluminum alloys, but it is often difficult to settle the necessary forces on the components and remove.
Schrauben langer Klemmlänge reduzieren die unvermeidlichen Setzungsverluste und damit den Verlust der Vorspannkraft. Derartige Schrauben, auch als Dehnschrauben sind z. B. aus der DE 39 18 300 A1 bekannt. Hier wird eine Radsatzführung für Drehgestelle für Schienenfahrzeuge gezeigt. Mittels einer Dehnschraube sind die beiden Federblattlenker am Achslagergehäuse befestigt und die Gummizwischenlagen exakt vorspannbar. Durch entsprechend gewählte Vorspannung der Dehnschraube ist die horizontale Längssteifigkeit der Gummizwischenlagen genau einstellbar. Auch wird eine Druckplatte (Zahnplatte) gezeigt, die zwischen dem Kopf der Mutter und einem Federblattlenker angeordnet ist. Nach dem Lösen der Schraubverbindung ist die aufgebrachte Vorspannung auch zwischen Druckplatte und Federblattlenker weggenommen. Trotz Zahnplatte und insbesondere bei glatten Druckplatten, wie z. B. beim Anschluss des Kupplungsbocks beim ICE und ICE 2 an ein Aluminiumstrangpressprofil verwendet, mindern auch kleine Querverschiebungen zwischen Druckplatte und Trägerteil die Qualität der Verbindung hinsichtlich einer möglichst über die gesamte Betriebsdauer aufrechtzuhaltenden Vorspannkraft, insbesondere auch bei Wechselbeanspruchungen in allen 3 AchsenLong clamping length screws reduce the inevitable settlement losses and thus the loss of preload force. Such screws, as expansion bolts are z. B. from DE 39 18 300 A1. Here is a wheelset for bogies shown for rail vehicles. By means of an expansion screw, the two spring leaf links are attached to the axle box housing and the rubber pads are exactly biased. By appropriately selected bias of the expansion screw, the horizontal longitudinal stiffness of the rubber blanks is precisely adjusted. Also, a pressure plate (tooth plate) is shown, which is arranged between the head of the mother and a spring leaf link. After loosening the screw, the applied preload is removed between the pressure plate and spring leaf link. Despite tooth plate and especially in smooth printing plates, such. B. used when connecting the coupling block in ICE and ICE 2 to an aluminum extruded profile, also reduce small transverse displacements between the pressure plate and support member quality of the compound with respect to a possible over the entire service life to be maintained biasing force, especially with alternating stresses in all 3 axes
Aus der US-A-5,410,847 ist es bekannt, ein Trägerteil an einem stahlummantelten Betonträger über Schraubverbindungen zu befestigen, wobei zwischen Mutterauflage und Mantelfläche des Trägerteils jeweils ein Druckverteilstück angeordnet ist. Die Druckverteilstücke sind als Gegenlager am Trägerteil durch Schweißnähte vor Herstellung der Schraubverbindung fixiert. Da es sich um massive Stahlträger bzw. Stahlwerkstoffe handelt, sind besondere Probleme hinsichtlich der Krafteinleitung und Kraftabsetzung und größere Setzungsverluste bei der Schraubenverbindung bei diesen Verbindungspartnern und einer vorwiegend statischen Beanspruchung nicht zu erwarten. Hinweise zu problematischen Schraubverbindungen zwischen zwei unterschiedlich festen Werkstoffen, z.B. zwischen Stahlwerkstoffen und Aluminiumwerkstoffen, gibt dieses Dokument nicht.From US-A-5,410,847 it is known to attach a support member to a steel-clad concrete beam via screw, wherein between the nut support and lateral surface of the support member each have a pressure distribution piece is arranged. The Druckverteilstücke are fixed as an abutment on the support member by welds before making the screw. Since these are massive steel beams or steel materials, special problems with regard to force introduction and force reduction and greater settlement losses in the screw connection in these connection partners and a predominantly static load are not to be expected. Notes on problematic screw connections between two different solid materials, e.g. between steel materials and aluminum materials, does not give this document.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur kraftschlüssigen Verbindung von zwei Bauteilen aufzuzeigen sowie eine derart hergestellte Verbindung so zu verbessern, dass diese Verbindung möglichst über die gesamte Lebensdauer der Anbauteile die aufgeprägte Vorspannung bei minimalen Setzungsverlusten beibehält und eine selbsttätige, ungewollte Lockerung eines mit der Verbindung befestigten Anbauteiles im normalen Betrieb mit hoher Sicherheit verhindert wird.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for frictional connection of two components and to improve a compound prepared in such a way that this compound as possible over the entire life of the attachments maintains the impressed bias with minimal settlement losses and an automatic, unwanted loosening of attached to the attachment attachment in normal operation with high security is prevented.
Diese Aufgabe wird für das Verfahren durch die im Anspruch 1 und für die Verbindung durch die im Anspruch 2 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved for the method by the in claim 1 and for the compound by the features specified in
Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Verbindung zwischen einem Aluminiumstrangpressprofil-Untergestell eines Schienenfahrzeuges und einem Gelenkbock in Seitenansicht;
- Fig. 2
- die Verbindung gemäß Fig. 1 in Draufsicht.
- Fig. 1
- a connection according to the invention between an aluminum extruded base frame of a rail vehicle and a hinge bracket in side view;
- Fig. 2
- the connection of FIG. 1 in plan view.
Die erfindungsgemäße kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen besteht aus einem Trägerteil 1, einem Anbauteil 2, lösbaren Befestigungsmitteln 3 sowie mindestens einem Druckverteilstück 4. Im folgenden wird das Druckverteilstück 4 in der Einzahl verwendet, obwohl es auch mehrere sein können. Das Anbauteil 2 ist am Trägerteil 1 mittels der das Trägerteil 1 und das hinter ihm angeordnete Druckverteilstück 4 durchdringen Teils der Befestigungsmittel 3, insbesondere Schraube 3a, sowie des zugeordneten, haltenden Teils der Befestigungsmittels, insbesondere Mutter 3b, befestigt. Das Druckverteilstück 4 ist mit dem Trägerteil 1 verschweißt. Dabei ist es für die Spannungseinbringung und Haltbarkeit der Schraubverbindung besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Druckverteilstück 4 erst nach Aufbringen einer vorgesehenen Vorspannkraft mit Hilfe der lösbaren Befestigungsmittel 3 mit dem Trägerteil 1 unter Spannung verschweißt wird. Das Druckverteilstück 4 verteilt die Kräfte aus der Vorspannung der Befestigungsmittel 3 und aus der betrieblichen Beanspruchung auf benachbarte Bauteile. Nach der Herstellung der Schweißnähte können die lösbaren Befestigungsmittel 3 gelöst und demontiert werden, wobei für diesen Zustand die Schweißnähte 8 am Druckverteilstück 4 anteilige Spannungen - aus der Rücknahme der Vorspannkräfte - erhalten.The non-positive connection according to the invention between two components consists of a carrier part 1, an
Bei der Montage der vorgesehenen Bauteile, z. B. Gelenk, Kupplung etc. durch die lösbaren Befestigungsmittel 3 mit der planmäßig aufzubringenden Vorspannkraft werden die Spannungen in den Schweißnähten 8 wieder entsprechend vermindert. Dadurch erreichen die Schweißnähte 8 am Druckstück 4 ein hohes Potential an ertragbaren Spannungen aus betrieblichen Beanspruchungen.When mounting the intended components, eg. As joint, coupling, etc. by the releasable fastening means 3 with the scheduled applied biasing force, the stresses in the
Das Trägerteil 1 ist als Hohl- bzw. Hohlkammerprofil ausgebildet, das Stege 5 aufweist, die in unmittelbarer Nähe der lösbaren Befestigungsmittel 3 und parallel zum Schaft des durchdringenden Befestigungsmittels (Schraube 3a) angeordnet sind. Die Anordnung der Stege 5 in der unmittelbaren Nähe des lösbaren Befestigungsmittels 3 bewirken eine erhöhte Steifigkeit der Profile in diesem Bereich und ermöglichen das Aufbringen von höheren Vorspannkräften.The support member 1 is formed as a hollow or hollow chamber profile, the
Durch diese Bauweise in Verbindung mit Schrauben großer Klemmlänge, insbesondere mit Dehnelementen (Dehnschrauben) werden im Betriebsfall die Setzungsempfindlichkeit und damit die Vorspannkraftverluste reduziert. Die Verbindung ist haltbarer, insbesondere bei hohen betrieblichen Beanspruchungen.Due to this design in conjunction with screws of large clamping length, in particular with expansion elements (expansion screws), the settlement sensitivity and thus the preload force losses are reduced in the case of operation. The compound is more durable, especially at high operating loads.
Das Druckverteilstück 4 besteht mindestens in der Schweißzone aus einem Werkstoff, der mit dem Trägerteil 1 verschweißbar ist. Vorzugsweise wird ein artgleicher Werkstoff verwendet.The pressure distribution piece 4 consists, at least in the welding zone, of a material which can be welded to the carrier part 1. Preferably, a material of the same material is used.
Das Druckverteilstück 4 kann weitere Versteifungsstege 6 zur Erhöhung der Steifigkeit aufweisen.The pressure distribution piece 4 may have further stiffening
Das Druckverteilstück 4 ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform topfartig ausgebildet. Es weist dabei umlaufende Versteifungsstege 6 im Randbereich auf.The pressure distribution piece 4 is pot-shaped in a preferred embodiment. It has circumferential
Zwischen dem Druckverteilstück 4 und dem zugeordneten, krafteinleitenden Ende des lösbaren Befestigungsmittels 3 ist ein Druckstück 7, insbesondere aus dem Werkstoff Stahl, angeordnet.Between the Druckverteilstück 4 and the associated, force-introducing end of the releasable fastening means 3 is a
Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Gegenstand der Erfindung anzuwenden, wenn das Anbauteil 2 aus höherfestem Werkstoff als das Trägerteil 1 besteht. Dies ist der Fall, wenn Stahlteile z. B. Gelenke und/oder Kupplungsböcke an Aluminiumkonstruktionen belastbar und betriebssicher befestigt werden müssen.The object of the invention is particularly advantageous if the
- 11
- Trägerteilsupport part
- 22
- Anbauteilattachment
- 33
- lösbares Befestigungsmittelreleasable fastener
- 3a3a
- Schraubescrew
- 3b3b
- Muttermother
- 44
- Druckverteilstückpressure distribution
- 55
- Stegweb
- 66
- Versteifungsstegreinforcing web
- 77
- DruckstückPressure piece
- 88th
- SchweißnahtWeld
Claims (10)
- Method for the frictional connection of two components, in particular for connecting two components of different material, consisting of a carrier part (1), an attached part (2), wherein the connection takes place by means of releasable fastening means (3) and at least one pressure distribution piece (4), wherein the attached part (2) is fastened to the carrier part (1) by means of a part (3a) of the fastening means (3) penetrating the carrier part (1) and the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) arranged behind it/them, as well as an associated, holding part (3b) of the fastening means (3), wherein the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are welded to the carrier part (1) and wherein the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are braced with the aid of the releasable fastening means (3) to the carrier part (1), characterised in that the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are only welded to the carrier part (1) under tension after application of a provided biasing force.
- Frictional connection of two components, in particular the connection of two components of different material, consisting of a carrier part (1), an attached part (2), which connection consists of releasable fastening means (3) as well as at least one pressure distribution piece (4), wherein the attached part (2) is fastened to the carrier part (1) by means of a part (3a) of the fastening means (3) penetrating the carrier part (1) and the pressure distribution piece (4) arranged behind it, as well as the associated holding part (3b) of the fastening means (3), wherein the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are braced to the carrier part (1) and wherein the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are braced to the carrier part (1) with the aid of the releasable fastening means, characterised in that the pressure distribution piece(s) (4) is/are welded under tension to the carrier part (1) after application of a provided biasing force and in that the carrier part (1) is configured as a hollow profile or as a hollow chamber profile, which has webs (5), which are arranged in the direct vicinity of the releasable fastening means (3) parallel to the shaft of the penetrating part (3a) of the fastening means (3).
- Frictional connection according to claim 2, characterised in that the attached part (2) consists of higher strength material than the carrier part (1).
- Frictional connection according to claim 2, characterised in that the releasable fastening means (3) are formed by a bolt (penetrating part 3a) and nut (holding part 3b).
- Frictional connection according to claim 2, characterised in that the penetrating part (3a) of the fastening means (3) is configured as an expansion element, in particular as an anti-fatigue bolt.
- Frictional connection according to claim 2, characterised in that the penetrating part (3a) of the fastening means (3) has a large clamping length.
- Frictional connection according to claim 2, characterised in that the pressure distribution piece (4) consists, at least at the welding zone, of a material, which can be welded to the carrier part (1) and is preferably the same type of material.
- Frictional connection according to claim 2 or 7, characterised in that the pressure distribution piece (4) has reinforcement webs (6).
- Frictional connection according to any one of claims 2 or 7 or 8, characterised in that the pressure distribution piece (4) is configured in a pot-like manner, i.e. has peripheral reinforcement webs (6) in the edge region.
- Frictional connection according to any one of claims 2 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterised in that a pressure piece (7), in particular made of the material steel, is arranged between the pressure distribution piece (4) and the associated, force-introducing end of the releasable fastening means (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19824937A DE19824937A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1998-06-04 | Non-positive and positive connection between two components, in particular connection between two components of different materials |
DE19824937 | 1998-06-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0962372A1 EP0962372A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
EP0962372B1 true EP0962372B1 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
Family
ID=7869866
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99110501A Expired - Lifetime EP0962372B1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1999-05-31 | Frictional and interlocking connection between two elements, especially between two elements of different materials |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0962372B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE354508T1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ297613B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19824937A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0962372T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2281152T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU225143B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL333522A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102514586B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2015-09-16 | 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 | Anti-shearing structure of inclining hanger installation bolt of gear case, bogie truck and locomotive |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4067261A (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1978-01-10 | South African Inventions Development Corporation | Damping railway vehicle suspension |
GB2115503B (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1985-11-13 | Terence Peter Nicholson | Improvements relating to corrugated gaskets |
DE3918300A1 (en) | 1989-06-05 | 1990-12-06 | Waggon Union Gmbh | BOG FOR FAST-SPEED RAIL VEHICLES |
DE29613643U1 (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1997-08-14 | TBN Technisches Büro Nagel GmbH, 29369 Ummern | Clamping clamp (construction connector, detachable) |
-
1998
- 1998-06-04 DE DE19824937A patent/DE19824937A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-31 DK DK99110501T patent/DK0962372T3/en active
- 1999-05-31 DE DE59914204T patent/DE59914204D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-31 EP EP99110501A patent/EP0962372B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-31 AT AT99110501T patent/ATE354508T1/en active
- 1999-05-31 ES ES99110501T patent/ES2281152T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-02 PL PL99333522A patent/PL333522A1/en unknown
- 1999-06-03 HU HU9901837A patent/HU225143B1/en unknown
- 1999-06-04 CZ CZ0200799A patent/CZ297613B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUP9901837A3 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
EP0962372A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
PL333522A1 (en) | 1999-12-06 |
ATE354508T1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
HUP9901837A2 (en) | 2001-01-29 |
CZ297613B6 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
ES2281152T3 (en) | 2007-09-16 |
DE19824937A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
DK0962372T3 (en) | 2007-05-29 |
HU225143B1 (en) | 2006-07-28 |
DE59914204D1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
HU9901837D0 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
CZ9902007A3 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
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