EP0960083B1 - Treibladungspulver für rohrwaffen - Google Patents
Treibladungspulver für rohrwaffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0960083B1 EP0960083B1 EP98909398A EP98909398A EP0960083B1 EP 0960083 B1 EP0960083 B1 EP 0960083B1 EP 98909398 A EP98909398 A EP 98909398A EP 98909398 A EP98909398 A EP 98909398A EP 0960083 B1 EP0960083 B1 EP 0960083B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propellant powder
- dinitro
- diaza
- powder according
- energetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 poly glycidyl nitrate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N (6S,7R)-2-azaspiro[5.5]undecan-7-ol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CCCC[C@]11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitramine Natural products CC1C(O)CCC2CCCNC12 BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonitramine Natural products OC1CCCCC11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPFICHAHMRTNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-[[methyl(nitro)amino]methyl]nitramide Chemical compound CCN([N+]([O-])=O)CN(C)[N+]([O-])=O NQPFICHAHMRTNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QKVCTKJCIMPZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-[[methyl(nitro)amino]methyl]nitramide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N(C)CN(C)[N+]([O-])=O QKVCTKJCIMPZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IXYHLWZRPFVFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC1(C)COC1 IXYHLWZRPFVFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(azidomethyl)oxirane Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1CO1 JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- KUNXCAIGAVGORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-[[ethyl(nitro)amino]methyl]nitramide Chemical compound CCN([N+]([O-])=O)CN(CC)[N+]([O-])=O KUNXCAIGAVGORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol Chemical group CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- ZCRYIJDAHIGPDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CC([N+]([O-])=O)([N+]([O-])=O)C1 ZCRYIJDAHIGPDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NDYLCHGXSQOGMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CL-20 Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1C2N([N+]([O-])=O)C3N([N+](=O)[O-])C2N([N+]([O-])=O)C2N([N+]([O-])=O)C3N([N+]([O-])=O)C21 NDYLCHGXSQOGMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BRUFJXUJQKYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium dinitramide Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+](=O)[N-][N+]([O-])=O BRUFJXUJQKYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;1,2,3-triaminoguanidine Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NNC(NN)=NN UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- SITYCEJIBAFRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diazido-2-methyloxetane Chemical compound CC1(OCC1N=[N+]=[N-])N=[N+]=[N-] SITYCEJIBAFRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FZIIBDOXPQOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxetane Chemical compound CC1CCO1 FZIIBDOXPQOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002121 Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001337 aliphatic alkines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 4
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAALVBPLSFRYMJ-XXMNONFOSA-N O=C1OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@@H](C23)C4)[C@H]1[C@@H]4C3[C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]12 Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@@H](C23)C4)[C@H]1[C@@H]4C3[C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]12 VAALVBPLSFRYMJ-XXMNONFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHGCGSAFHMIQFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-n-methylnitramide Chemical compound OCN(C)[N+]([O-])=O JHGCGSAFHMIQFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUUHYNAIXKUNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethoxy)methyl]-n-methylnitramide Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N(C)COCC(F)([N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O LUUHYNAIXKUNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002760 rocket fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
- C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive
Definitions
- the invention relates to a propellant powder for tubular weapons according to the preamble of claim 1.
- DE 35 00 068 C1 relates to a single- or multi-base propellant powder using from 0.0 dioxy-azobenzene to improve the mechanical properties - 55 ° C. No statements about temperature coefficients are made. It will also no Diaza connection used.
- DE 30 33 519 C2 relates to a rocket fuel for a usually low one Burning pressure area.
- Statements about the relevant for propellant powder Pressure ranges over 3000 bar are not made.
- the specified in the claim Energetic plasticizer is explosive oil like Ngl but not a diaza compound.
- propellant powder in another known propellant powder according to DE 22 60 259 A it is a propellant charge for rockets and not a propellant charge for Gun.
- This propellant charge like all dibasic propellants in general strongly temperature-dependent in the temperature range of interest.
- an energetic plasticizer is based on: one fluorine-containing aza compound.
- This aza connection that is 1-Fluoro-1,1,5-trinitro-3-oxa-5-azahexane is for use with barrel weapons and propellant powder not suitable. When it burns in a weapon, the steel decomposes, especially at the usually high pressures and temperatures. Furthermore, this connection creates a major disposal problem.
- the source material 2-Nitro-2-aza-1 pro-panol differs fundamentally chemically of the dinitro-diaza compounds according to the invention.
- a better plasticizable propellant powder is based on US-A-4,457,791 on a plasticizer DMMD.
- Other plasticizers as additives too the above are not available.
- An indication that the temperature coefficient is positively influenced during the burn, does not emerge.
- the pressure and speed of the 120mm KE ammunition increase from - 40 ° C after + 50 ° C at approx. 1,500 bar and 165 m / s, which is 10% of the target speed at normal temperature of + 21 ° C. Because of this, the Gun service gas pressure at normal temperature can not be exhausted what would result in a higher speed, and on the other hand because of the only inaccurately known current floor start velocity the probability of hitting significantly reduced or, measures must be taken determine the current floor speed to avoid loss of accuracy to suffer.
- the invention has for its object a propellant powder for guns propose that a small temperature coefficient in the temperature range from - 50 ° C to + 70 ° C, so that the ballistic mentioned Values maximum pressure and bullet speed only a little of that Depending on the powder temperature.
- the invention enables due to the use of a special plasticizer the production and use of propellant powder with a low temperature coefficient. That means: such a propellant powder enables the firing of Gun ammunition with almost constant values of maximum pressure and bullet speed in the entire temperature range from - 50 ° C to + 70 ° C.
- Embodiments of the invention are given below, in a diagram the temperature behavior of a barrel weapon ammunition with a conventional one Propellant powder and a propellant powder according to the invention is shown.
- NENA nitratoethylnitramine
- PolyNIMMO poly 3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane
- Polyglyn poly glycidyl nitrate ester
- the propellant charge powder according to the invention by conventional measures, such as Changing the grain geometry so that the original curve 6 as Curve 6.1 with a turning point 7.1 at the pressure limit 10, then means this is a significant performance increase of 10 to 20% based on the usual propellant powder according to curve 5.
- the pressure limit 10 is defined by the allowable weapon use pressure.
- the propellant charge powders according to the invention also have good mechanical properties Properties down to around - 50 ° C. An embrittlement takes place in the cold not instead.
- the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments. It is without further ado Can be used with single to multi-base propellant powders. Likewise with three-base Propellant powder based on nitroguanidine. Furthermore, the invention is also can be used with propellant charge powders consisting of a mixture of the invention energetic plasticizer with a conventional, non-energetic Plasticizers. The invention also relates to propellant powder which consists of a propellant powder according to the invention and one or more similar admixed Powders with conventional temperature behavior, e.g. B. such like Frame formulation, but with conventional plasticizers.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
| TLP-Formulierung | |||||||
| Gew.-% | |||||||
| RDX bzw. HMX | 70±15 | 70±15 | 70±15 | 40±15 | 60±20 | 40±15 | |
| Weichmacher. DNDA-Gemisch (3 Komponenten) | 10± 8 | 10± 8 | 15±10 | 30±25 | 20±12 | 30±25 | |
| GAP mit Isocyanat | 20± 5 | ||||||
| GAP ohne Isocyanat | 30±20 | ||||||
| HTPB mit Isocyanat | 20± 5 | ||||||
| CAB | 15± 5 | ||||||
| NC + Stab | 30± 5 | 20±12 | 70±25 | 30±15 | |||
| Sprengöl | 0+40 |
Claims (8)
- Treibladungspulver für Rohrwaffen mit einem Weichmacher auf der Basis von entwederdadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weichmacher ein Gemisch aus zumindest drei chemisch unterschiedlichen Dinitro-diazaverbindungen ist.a) Nitramin und Nitrocellulose oderb) Nitramin und energetische oder nicht energetische Kunststoffbinder oderc) Nitrocellulose oderd) einem Sprengstoff, der aus 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine (TNAZ), Ammoniumdinitramid (ADN), Triaminoguanidinnitrat (TAGN) oder aus Hexanitro-hexa-aza-iso-wurt zitan (CL-20) oder aus einem Gemisch der selben besteht
- Treibladungspulver nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weichmacher aus folgenden Komponenten besteht:2,4 - Dinitro - 2,4 - diazapentan 40 ± 10 Gew.%2,4 - Dinitro - 2,4 - diazahexan 45 ± 10 Gew.%3,5 - Dinitro - 3,5 - diazaheptan 15 ± 15 Gew.% - Treibladungspulver nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil des Weichmachers am Treibladungspulver 2 bis 55 Gew.% beträgt. - Treibladungspulver nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weichmacher aus Dinitro-diazaalkanen,
Dinitro-diazaalkenen oder
Dinitro-diazaalkinen oder aus einem Gemisch derselben besteht - Treibladungspulver nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Stabilisatoren oder Stabilisatoren und Abbrandmoderatoren enthält. - Treibladungspulver nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es neben der Dinitro-diaza-Verbindungen zusätzlich noch andere energetische oder nicht energetische Weichmacher, wie Methyl-Nena, Ethyl-Nena, Buthyl-Nena enthält. - Treibladungspulver nach Anspruch 1 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als energetische Binder einsetzbar sind:oder ein Gemisch derselben.Poly 3-Nitratomethyl-3-methyloxethan (PolyNIMMO),Poly Glyzidylnitratester (Polyglyn),Glyzidylazid Polymer (GAP),Poly 3-Azidomethyl-3' methyloxetan (AMMO),Poly 3,3' - bis azidomethyloxetan (BAMO) - Treibladungspulver nach Anspruch 1 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nicht energetischen Binder sind Polybutadien mit endständigen Hydroxylgruppen (HTPB), Celluloseacetatbutyrat (CAB) oder ein Gemisch derselben.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19704792 | 1997-02-08 | ||
| DE19704792 | 1997-02-08 | ||
| DE19757469A DE19757469C2 (de) | 1997-02-08 | 1997-12-23 | Treibladungspulver für Rohrwaffen |
| DE19757469 | 1997-12-23 | ||
| PCT/EP1998/000639 WO1998034891A1 (de) | 1997-02-08 | 1998-02-06 | Treibladungspulver für rohrwaffen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0960083A1 EP0960083A1 (de) | 1999-12-01 |
| EP0960083B1 true EP0960083B1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=26033771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98909398A Expired - Lifetime EP0960083B1 (de) | 1997-02-08 | 1998-02-06 | Treibladungspulver für rohrwaffen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6309484B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0960083B1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU719937B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2280029C (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998034891A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005037017B4 (de) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-09-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Pulvervorkonzentrat und dessen Verwendung |
| EP2388244A1 (de) | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG | Treibladung |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6780165B2 (en) | 1997-01-22 | 2004-08-24 | Advanced Medical Optics | Micro-burst ultrasonic power delivery |
| US7169123B2 (en) | 1997-01-22 | 2007-01-30 | Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. | Control of pulse duty cycle based upon footswitch displacement |
| DE10020020A1 (de) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-10-25 | Tzn Forschung & Entwicklung | Patrone |
| DE50009362D1 (de) * | 2000-06-15 | 2005-03-03 | Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Wimmis | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines funktionalen hochenergetischen Materials |
| US20090208647A1 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2009-08-20 | Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag | Method for producing a funtional, high-energy material |
| US7077820B1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2006-07-18 | Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. | Enhanced microburst ultrasonic power delivery system and method |
| US7316664B2 (en) | 2002-10-21 | 2008-01-08 | Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. | Modulated pulsed ultrasonic power delivery system and method |
| FR2850376B1 (fr) * | 2003-01-29 | 2007-02-16 | Saint Louis Inst | Plastifiant pour une poudre propulsive a combustion independante de la temperature ambiante |
| CA2830583C (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2015-06-09 | Abbott Medical Optics Inc. | System and method for pulsed ultrasonic power delivery employing cavitation effects |
| FR2867469A1 (fr) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-16 | Alliant Techsystems Inc | Compositions reactives contenant un metal, et leur procede de production |
| EP1780494A3 (de) | 2005-10-04 | 2008-02-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Durch reaktive Materialien verbesserte Geschosse und damit zusammenhängende Verfahren |
| US7785336B2 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2010-08-31 | Abbott Medical Optics Inc. | Vacuum sense control for phaco pulse shaping |
| US9050627B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2015-06-09 | Abbott Medical Optics Inc. | Systems and methods for ultrasonic power measurement and control of phacoemulsification systems |
| PL2978731T3 (pl) * | 2013-03-27 | 2020-12-28 | Bae Systems Plc | Nieftalanowe materiały miotające |
| US11877953B2 (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2024-01-23 | Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision, Inc. | Phacoemulsification apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2978495A (en) * | 1955-08-22 | 1961-04-04 | Aerojet General Co | Nitramino esters |
| GB963336A (en) * | 1959-10-01 | 1964-07-08 | Aerojet General Co | Method for preparing secondary nitramines |
| US4002514A (en) * | 1965-09-30 | 1977-01-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Nitrocellulose propellant composition |
| US3873579A (en) * | 1969-08-20 | 1975-03-25 | Us Navy | Organic azides and method of preparation thereof |
| US3697341A (en) * | 1969-08-29 | 1972-10-10 | Hercules Inc | Cool burning smokeless powder composition containing nitramine ethers |
| US4085123A (en) * | 1976-10-21 | 1978-04-18 | Rockwell International Corporation | 1,3-Diazido-2-nitrazapropane |
| US4216039A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-08-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Smokeless propellant compositions having polyester or polybutadiene binder system crosslinked with nitrocellulose |
| DE2900020C2 (de) * | 1979-01-02 | 1982-12-09 | WNC-Nitrochemie GmbH, 8261 Aschau | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrbasigen Treibladungspulvers |
| US4432817A (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1984-02-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Propellant containing an azidonitrocarbamate plasticizer |
| US4482404A (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1984-11-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Azido nitramino ether containing solid propellants |
| US4457791A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1984-07-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | New plasticizer for nitropolymers |
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| US5186770A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1993-02-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Bis(2-nitro-2-azapropyl) ether |
| US4567296A (en) | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | 1-Fluoro-1,1,5-trinitro-3-oxa-5-azahexane and method of preparation |
| US4614800A (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-09-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Synthesis of cyclic dinitramines useful as explosive and propellant ingredients, gas generants and in other ordnance applications |
| US4761250A (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1988-08-02 | Rockwell International Corporation | Process for preparing 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane |
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| US5053087A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1991-10-01 | Rockwell International Corporation | Ultra high-energy azide containing gun propellants |
| US5529649A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1996-06-25 | Thiokol Corporation | Insensitive high performance explosive compositions |
| US5695216A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1997-12-09 | Bofors Explosives Ab | Airbag device and propellant for airbags |
| US5487851A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-01-30 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
| DE4435524C2 (de) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-08-22 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Festtreibstoff auf der Basis von reinem oder phasenstabilisiertem Ammoniumnitrat |
| US5587553A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-12-24 | Thiokol Corporation | High performance pressable explosive compositions |
| US5798481A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1998-08-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | High energy TNAZ, nitrocellulose gun propellant |
-
1998
- 1998-02-06 EP EP98909398A patent/EP0960083B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-06 US US09/355,479 patent/US6309484B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-06 AU AU63950/98A patent/AU719937B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-06 CA CA002280029A patent/CA2280029C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-06 WO PCT/EP1998/000639 patent/WO1998034891A1/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005037017B4 (de) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-09-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Pulvervorkonzentrat und dessen Verwendung |
| EP2388244A1 (de) | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG | Treibladung |
| DE102010020776A1 (de) | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Treibladung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2280029C (en) | 2006-06-06 |
| EP0960083A1 (de) | 1999-12-01 |
| US20010003295A1 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| US6309484B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 |
| AU6395098A (en) | 1998-08-26 |
| WO1998034891A1 (de) | 1998-08-13 |
| AU719937B2 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| CA2280029A1 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
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