Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
  • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
  • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
  • A61B3/1216—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes for diagnostics of the iris
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/117—Identification of persons
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
  • G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
  • G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
  • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
  • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
  • A61B3/145—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography by video means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/117—Identification of persons
  • A61B5/1171—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
  • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
  • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
  • G06V40/18—Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
  • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
  • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
  • G06V40/18—Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris
  • G06V40/19—Sensors therefor

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and apparatus for illuminating the eye
• biometrics for recognizing
• identifying an individual include analyzing a signature, obtaining and
• Examples are immigration control, point of sale verification, welfare check dispensing,
• the system could also be used to identify patients, criminal
• ATMs Automated teller machines
• the optical system which receives light reflected from the iris.
• the system includes at least
• illuminators we also prefer to provide a pan/tilt mirror, or gimbal device and at least
• NFOV field of view
• WFOV wide field of view
• the WFOV cameras may be superfluous, if the user is always known to
• pan/tilt mirror or
• gimbal is adjusted to receive light reflected from the iris or other area of interest and
• the illuminator preferably
• a second set of light emitting diodes have center lines normal to the base, a second set of light emitting diodes have
• centerlines at an acute angle to the base and a third set of light emitting diodes have centerlines at an obtuse angle relative to the base. This provides the array a wider field
• the control system may
• An image processor is provided to analyze the images from the wide
• imaging or distance finding devices such as ultrasonic, radar, spread spectrum
• microwave or thermal imaging or sensing or other optical means could be used.
• the present system is particularly useful for verifying the identity of
• Image acquisition and identification can generally be accomplished in less than five
• NFOV camera and one NFOV camera, two NFOV cameras, multiple NFOV cameras and multiple
• WFOV cameras can be utilized for other special purpose applications such as more or
• Figure 1 is a front view of a present preferred embodiment of our device
• Figure 2 is a side view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 is a top plan view of a first present preferred embodiment of our
• Figure 4 is a side view of the illuminator of Figure 3 with the area of
• Figure 5 is a side view similar to Figure 4 of a second present preferred
• Figure 6 is top view of a first present preferred illuminator bracket.
• Figure 7 is a side view showing the illuminator bracket of Figure 6 with
• Figure 8 is top view of a second present preferred illuminator bracket
• Figure 9 is a side view showing the illuminator bracket of Figure 8 with
• Figure 10 is a block diagram showing a preferred control architecture for
• Figure 1 1 is a front view showing the eyes and glasses of the person to
• Figure 12 is a front view showing the eyes and glasses of the person to
• housing 1 which is 14.5 inches wide, 15 inches high, and 18
• a housing of this size can be easily placed within or near an automated
• the bezel would be smoked or other
• Our device would be positioned so as to be about eye level of most users.
• Figure 2 we show the head of a person to be identified user in front of our device.
• WFOV wide field of view
• Hoods 5 and 7 are provided around the lens 2 and 4 to prevent light
• view illuminator is comprised of sets of light emitting diodes 10. For ease of construction, these sets of diodes may be mounted on small circuit boards 12.
• axis illumination, and oblique illuminator allow surface features to be imaged with
• lighting may cause the pupil to be bright making the iris easier to locate although this
• Illumination control of this type can be
• WFOV cameras to create images from which an x, y, z coordinate location can be
• the WFOV cameras may also be used to provide a first image.
• the WFOV cameras could utilize a number of techniques such as stereo,
• stereo processing techniques which compare at least a portion of the images from the
• iris portion of the eye and obtain an iris image which can be used for iris verification
• the iris recognition algorithms compare features of the iris in the image
• illuminators for use in conjunction with the NFOV camera. These illuminators in
• conjunction with the WFOV camera may be selectively switched to an orchestrated
• illuminators 21 , 22 or 23 is reflected from the selected eye to an optical subsystem 30
• Wc can provide a sensor 14
• Information from this sensor can be used to determine what, if any, illumination must be used.
• optical subsystem 30 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 contains
• pan/tilt mirror to be rotated about a tilt axis corresponding to a centerline through rod
• Motor 34 is mounted on arm 35 which is pivotably attached to base 36 by rod 37.
• This arm 35 can be moved around a pan axis corresponding to a centerline through rod
• NFOV camera can be moved to change the focus or zoom, and the aperture of the
• NFOV camera 16 is adjustable.
• the pan axis the tilt axis, the focus axis, the aperture axis and the zoom axis.
• a system with fewer degrees of freedom could also be used.
• tilt axes are used to position the pan/tilt mirror 32 so that the correct narrow field is
• the imager dictates the distance between the camera and lens and the distance between
• the size of the imager is of paramount importance in
• NFOV camera 16 may be solid state or of vidicon
• sensing array size can vary from generic industry sizes of 1/4, 1/3,
• the illuminators are positioned to provide
• illuminators arc oriented to direct light to
• illuminators could also be attached to a sliding mechanism for translation along an axis.
• the light source preferably is a light emitting diode or other device that
• a lens and diffuser (not
• Optical filters may be placed in the light path in
• Different wavelength priority filters may be used to permit
• the LED light source could be strobed. Strobing provides the capability to
• Strobing also provides the capability to overwhelm ambient light by
• the NFOV illuminators are preferably
• the light emitting diodes are mounted normal to the circuit board the illuminator will
• Circular ring illuminators or other shapes may also be used which could
• NFOV lens NFOV lens
• Other optical elements such as polarizers or birefringent analysis devices may be used to minimize artifacts or enhance other
• That bracket 30 has a U-shaped
• first pair of gripper arms 33 and 34 with attached pin 42 are pivotably attached to one
• a locking tab 39 extends from the
• a second bracket 44 which we have used to attach the NFOV illuminators 21, 22, and 23 to the housing 1 is shown in Figures 8 and 9. That bracket
• a rod 52 extends upward from the
• Collar 53 slides along rod 52 and can be held at any desired location on the
• Rod 55 extends from collar 53 and holds carrier 56. This carrier is
• bracket 30 permit the attached illuminator to be repositioned or adjusted along a pan
• ILLUMINATOR 1 can be one or more illuminator arrays these arrays are designated as ILLUMINATOR 1
• controller 62 enable us to selectively light the WFOV illuminator 6 and the NFOV
• Each set of light emitting diodes may emit a different wavelength of
• LEDs of different beam widths could be mounted
• the WFOV cameras 3 provide images to an image processor 64 which
• That processor 64 tells the computer 65 the x, y, z coordinates of the
• the image processor may also display selected eye or eyes of the person to be identified.
• the image processor may also display selected eye or eyes of the person to be identified.
• the image processor may also display selected eye or eyes of the person to be identified.
• the PC 65 has
• the expected position of the eye enable the computer to direct the illumination
• the pan/tilt controller 66 accepts macro level commands from the
• the intermediate continuous path set points for the axis are generated here and then sent to each axis supervisory controller.
• a command interpreter decodes the commands from the image analysis and formats
• a diagnostic subsystem performs health checks for the control system.
• the microprocessor controller Besides the choreography of the five axes, the microprocessor controller
• the illumination controller will accept
• Images from the WFOV are transmitted as analog signals to the image
• the image processor preferably contains two pyramid processors, a
• memory capable of storing at least two frames, one LUT, ALU device, a digitizer
• That information is then further processed to define an area of interest such as the head or an eye.
• the coordinates of the area of interest are used to direct the
• This unit 65 contains a 486,
• PENTIUM or other microprocessor system and associated memory.
• memory are
• WFOV video images can be stored as a security video record.
• the focus axes of the NFOV system may be controlled in an open loop
• a closed loop focus method could also be
• NFOV video would be processed by image processor 64 to obtain a
• WFOV camera images can be combined with stereo and other focus information into
• This sensor fusion may encompass other information as
• a quality image may be acquired via the NFOV camera and optics.
• the optics directing light to the NFOV camera are
• imager may not have sufficient time to perform the required integration to get a non-
• specularity or iris configuration or pattern matching may be capable of providing
• the NFOV axes must settle to a point
• obscured may be collected and fused into a single composite, less obscured iris image
• the reflection 70 partially covers the iris 76 of the
• the WFOV specularity makes finding the head and
• the specularity will be in one position during the first
• a calibration procedure must be used to correlate the center of the
• WFOV coordinates ⁇ x,y,z ⁇ defining the position of a user's eye somewhere in the
• the NFOV camera's field of view coincident with x,y coordinates and in focus on the z
• targets are placed a known distance from the housing and the device is activated to

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
• Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
• Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
• Image Input (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=24823180

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

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• 1997
  • 1997-08-22 CA CA002264029A patent/CA2264029A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-08-22 EP EP97941356A patent/EP0959769A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-08-22 WO PCT/US1997/014873 patent/WO1998008439A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-08-22 KR KR1019997001528A patent/KR100342159B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-08-22 AU AU43282/97A patent/AU727389B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-08-22 JP JP51177498A patent/JP2002514098A/ja active Pending
• 2003
  • 2003-10-01 JP JP2003343663A patent/JP2004073880A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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