EP0956156A1 - Materiaux imprime - Google Patents

Materiaux imprime

Info

Publication number
EP0956156A1
EP0956156A1 EP96942489A EP96942489A EP0956156A1 EP 0956156 A1 EP0956156 A1 EP 0956156A1 EP 96942489 A EP96942489 A EP 96942489A EP 96942489 A EP96942489 A EP 96942489A EP 0956156 A1 EP0956156 A1 EP 0956156A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
species
imprinted material
relatively small
imprinted
combined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96942489A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Philip Byfield
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teledyne UK Ltd
Original Assignee
GEC Marconi Ltd
Marconi Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9526109.5A external-priority patent/GB9526109D0/en
Application filed by GEC Marconi Ltd, Marconi Co Ltd filed Critical GEC Marconi Ltd
Publication of EP0956156A1 publication Critical patent/EP0956156A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/268—Polymers created by use of a template, e.g. molecularly imprinted polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/305—Addition of material, later completely removed, e.g. as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing, e.g. for forming pores
    • B01J20/3057—Use of a templating or imprinting material ; filling pores of a substrate or matrix followed by the removal of the substrate or matrix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3206—Organic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/3208—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/321—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates consisting of a polymer obtained by reactions involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3206—Organic carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/3208—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates
    • B01J20/3212—Polymeric carriers, supports or substrates consisting of a polymer obtained by reactions otherwise than involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
    • B01J20/3244—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/3265—Non-macromolecular compounds with an organic functional group containing a metal, e.g. a metal affinity ligand

Definitions

  • the present Invention relates to an imprinted material, to a method suitable for use in the preparation of an imprinted material, to a ⁇ en ⁇ or, to a te ⁇ t-Jcit and to methods of using an imprinted material.
  • an imprinted material which imprinted material is suitable for permitting selective association of relatively small species with the said imprinted material.
  • a method suitable for use in the preparation of an imprinted material which imprinted material is suitable for permitting selective association of relatively small species with the said imprinted material, which method includes the use of a selected species and a companion species for the selected species.
  • An imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be, for example, a material which is capable of selective recognition of a given species or is capable of selective recognition of a given species associated with a companion species.
  • molecular imprinting may be applied to the preparation of materials which have a three-dimensional structure (which may be polymeric in nature) , which materials have cavities of highly optimised size and chemical functionality towards a "template” molecule (which may be considered to be an “imprint” molecule) .
  • Methods used in preparing olecularly imprinted materials often include forming a three-dimensional structure (which may be a matrix structure) in the presence of a "template” molecule, so as to form a material which incorporates the template molecule, and subsequently removing the template molecule to give a molecularly imprinted material.
  • a template molecule is added to a mixture of monomers/polymer precursors,
  • polymerisation is initiated so as to cause a three—dimensional matrix to form around the template molecule, and
  • the template molecule is removed from the matrix to leave a molecularly imprinted material (MI ) -
  • the present invention may be used, by way of example, substantially to avoid, or substantially to overcome, difficulties which may be encountered when seeking to prepare a material which is "imprinted" with respect to relatively small molecules.
  • the present invention may facilitate the preparation of imprinted materials suitable for use in selective recognition of relatively small species.
  • species with a molecular weight of, say, 150 or less may present problems when seeking to prepare an imprinted material; however, the term “relatively small species” is not necessarily restricted to species of molecular weight of ISO or less (e.g. ⁇ 150) and the term “relatively small species” as used in this Specification embraces, for example, any species the size of which leads to unacceptable difficulties in the preparation of an imprinted material and/or the size of which leads to a material of unacceptably low selectivity for the species.
  • a "target" species may be a species that it is desired to be selectively associated with the given imprinted material.
  • a "target” species may be a species which it is desired to separate or detect (e.g. quantitatively or qualitatively) .
  • An imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be, for example, a material which has the capability of selectivity recognising either a selected relatively small species as-such, or the capability of selectively recognising a combination of a selected relatively small species in combination with a companion species for the relatively small species.
  • an imprinted material may be considered to be capable of selectively recognising a given species, or given combination of species, if the imprinted material is capable of permitting selective association with the imprinted material of, respectively, said given species or said given combination of species.
  • imprinted material of the present invention may be, for example, such that a relatively small species per se may become selectively associated with the imprinted material; alternatively, by way of example, imprinted material of the present invention may be such that a combination of relatively small species associated with a companion species, may become selectively associated with the imprinted material such that the relatively small species becomes selectively associated with the imprinted material by being part of the combination.
  • the imprinted material may be such that a relatively small species such as a gas molecule may become selectively associated with the imprinted material; alternatively, for example, the imprinted material may be such that a combination comprising a complex of a relatively small species, such as a gas molecule, and a companion species, comprising a complexing agent, may be selectively associated with the imprinted material.
  • a combination of a relatively small species and a companion species may be considered, for example, to be a "combined species".
  • An imprinted material in accordance with the present invention, may find application in chemical separation, biochemical separation, in assays (e.g. quantitative assays and qualitative assays) and in sensing (e.g. chemical sensing).
  • imprinted material in accordance with the present invention, may take part in an affinity separation whereby a selected relatively small species (e.g. a molecule) may be selectively separated and become selectively associated with the imprinted material.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention, may be such that, under given conditions, it may selectively extract a given selected species (e.g. a "target" species) from a given medium (e.g. a fluid medium such as gaseous medium or a liquid medium) .
  • a given selected species e.g. a "target” species
  • a given medium e.g. a fluid medium such as gaseous medium or a liquid medium
  • a combination of a selected species and a companion species for the selected species may be used to produce an imprinted material.
  • a selected relatively small species which itself may be too small to permit satisfactory preparation of an imprinted material
  • companion species such that the combination of selected relatively small species and companion species produces a "combined species" which is of sufficient size to permit satisfactory preparation of an imprinted material.
  • the "combined species” may be a "bound complex" of a selected relatively small species and a companion species.
  • the "combined species” may be a non- covalently bound complex in which a selected relatively small species is coordinated to or entrapped by a companion species (which companion species may be considered to be a binder species) .
  • the companion species may be, for example, chosen such that when associated with a selected relatively small species a combined species is formed which combined species has a molecular weight of >150.
  • any suitable companion species may be used.
  • the companion species chosen may be a relatively large species (e.g. with a molecular weight of 200 or more (e.g. >200) .
  • the companion species need not necessarily be a relatively large species providing, for example, that a companion species is such that a combined species of companion species and selected relatively small species is of sufficient size to permit satisfactory preparation of an imprinted material.
  • the companion species may be, for example, optionally chosen so as to process a high level of chemical functionality.
  • relatively small species may, if appropriate, be substantially similar (e.g. substantially identical) in type to a chosen "target” species such that an imprinted material may be produced which imprinted material i ⁇ suitable for permitting selective association of "target” species with the imprinted material-
  • Any suitable preparation procedure may be adopted to prepare an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • an imprinted material is obtained, which material may selectively "recognise" the combined species and, for example, may be used to permit selective association of the combined species with the imprinted material.
  • a ⁇ elected relatively small species may be selectively associated with the imprinted material by means of including the selected relatively small species in a combined species comprising selected relatively small species and companion species and arranging for the combined species to become selectively associated with the imprinted material.
  • the imprinted material prepared as immediately hereinbefore disclosed requires that companion species is present so that the combined species may be selectively associated with the imprinted material.
  • the imprinted material may be such that it permits selective association of the complex (but not selective association of the selected relatively small species alone) .
  • the selected relatively small species may be removed (leaving the companion species as part of the imprinted material) to give an imprinted material which may selectively "recognise" the selected relatively small species alone and thus, for example, may be used to permit selective association of the selected relatively small species with the imprinted material.
  • the combined species is a complex of selected relatively small species and complexing agent
  • the selected relatively small species may be removed to leave the complexing agent as part of the imprinted material.
  • the following steps may be employed in the preparation of an imprinted material:
  • a companion species may be linked (e.g. covalently) to one or more monomer precursors to produce companion species-monomer entities,
  • a selected relatively small species may be added to a poly erisable mixture (which includes companion species-monomer precursor entities) ,
  • the steps immediately hereinbefore disclosed may be used to prepare an imprinted material which is suitable for permitting selective association of the selected relatively small species itself, since the companion species is covalently bound in the material and thus forms part thereof.
  • the selected relatively small species may be removed to leave the complexing agent as part of the imprinted material.
  • a complexing agent comprising, in this example, a companion species-monomer entity
  • procedure (c) (i) may produce an imprinted material which may permit selective association of combined species whereas the procedure of (c) (ii) may produce an imprinted material which may provide selective association of a selected relatively small species itself.
  • procedure (c) (i) may give an imprinted material which may permit selective association of a complex of selected relatively small species and complexing agent whereas procedure (c) (ii) may give an imprinted material which may permit selective association of a selected relatively small species itself.
  • any other suitable procedures may be used to prepare an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • Such short chains may be used in any convenient procedure to prepare an imprinted material.
  • the present invention may be utilised to prepare imprinted materials, which material may permit selective association of selected relatively small species with said materials.
  • the selected relatively small species is one which is, for example, to be separated and/or detected
  • the species may be considered to be a "target" material.
  • imprinted material which is capable of permitting selective association of a selected relatively small species may be said, for example, to be capable of "recognising" the selected relatively small species.
  • imprinted materials in accordance with the present invention, may be such as to be capable for permitting selective association, with the imprinted material, of any suitable relatively small species (e.g. an imprinted material may be such as to be capable of "recognising” any suitable relatively small species) and examples of such relatively small species are oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, amines, benzene, acetylene, phosphines, ethers, esters, nitriles and ketones.
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of oxygen molecules (0 2 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise oxygen molecules ( ⁇ 2 ) is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example: (a) a cobalt-Schiff' ⁇ base complex, or (b) a metalloporphyrin.
  • (a) is N,N'disalicyclidene- ethylenedia ine-cobalt (II) (L)0 2 , where L is a nitrogenous base (e.g. pyridine) .
  • L is a nitrogenous base (e.g. pyridine)
  • (b) is meso- , ' , a ' ' , cr'"- tetrakis(ortho-pivalamidophenyl)porphinato cobalt (II) (l-methylimidazole)-o 2 .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of carbon dioxide molecules (C0 2 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise carbon dioxide molecules (C0 2 ) is to be prepared)
  • HI where an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of carbon monoxide molecules (CO) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise carbon monoxide molecules (CO) is to be prepared)
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of hydrogen molecules (H 7 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise hydrogen - 11- molecules (H 2 ) is to be prepared)
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of sulphur dioxide molecules (S ⁇ 2 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise sulphur dioxide molecules (SO-) is to be prepared)
  • tungsten carbonyl complex e.g. W(co) j H j S
  • an osmium carbonyl complex e.g. Os 3 (CO),H 2 S
  • a ruthenium carbonyl complex e.g. RU j fCOj j H j S
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of nitric oxide molecules (NO) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise nitric oxide molecules (NO) is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, an iron carbonyl comple (e.g. Fe(CO) 2 (NO) 2 ).
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of nitrogen dioxide molecules (N ⁇ 3 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise nitrogen dioxide molecules (NO j ) is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a metallophthalocyanine (e.g. copper phthalocyanine-N ⁇ 2 .
  • an imprinted material where an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of ammonia molecules (NH 3 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise ammonia molecules (NH 3 ) is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example: a chromium halide complex (e.g. Cr(II) (NH 3 ) 6 Cl 2 ) .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of an aromatic species such as benzene (C 6 HJ J ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise an aromatic species such as benzene (C ⁇ ) is to be prepared)
  • an imprinted material where an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of an alkyne molecule (e.g. acetylene c 2 H 2 ) (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise an alkyne molecule (e.g. acetylene C J H J ) i ⁇ to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a copper (I) halide complex (e.g. cu(I)cl(C 2 H 2 ) ) . 13 -
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of a pho ⁇ phine molecule (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise a phosphine molecule is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a complex formed with a covalent metal halide (e.g. a complex formed with CrCl 3 ) .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of an ether species (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise an ether species i ⁇ to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a complex formed with a covalent metal halide (e.g. a complex formed with CrCl,) .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of an ester species (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise an ester species is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a complex formed with a covalent metal halide (e.g. a complex formed with CrCl j ) .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of a nitrile species (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise a nitrile species is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a complex formed with a covalent metal halide (e.g. a complex formed with CrCl 3 ) .
  • an imprinted material is to be prepared which is suitable for permitting selective association of a ketone species (e.g. where an imprinted material which may selectively recognise a ketone species is to be prepared)
  • the combined species for use in imprinting may be, for example, a complex formed with a covalent metal halide (e.g. a complex formed with CrCl j ) .
  • a sensor which sensor includes an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention may provide a sensor, suitable for use in the sensing of relatively small species, which sensor includes an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • a sensor m accordance with the present invention may be, for example, such as to facilitate sensing of a relatively small species per ⁇ e , or may be, for example, such as to facilitate sensing of a combined species, which combined species includes a relatively small species, such that relatively small species may be sensed by being part of the combined species; thus, for example, a sensor may include an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention which imprinted material is suitable for permitting selective association of relatively small species per se with the imprinted material, or, by way of example, a sensor may include an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention which imprinted material is suitable for permitting selective association of a combined species with the imprinted material, said combined species including a relatively small species.
  • test-kit which test-kit includes an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance the present invention.
  • the present invention may provide a test-kit, suitable for use in the detection of relatively small species, which test-kit includes an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance the present invention.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be, for example, such as to be suitable for permitting selective association of relatively small species per s ⁇ with the imprinted material, or may be such, for example, as to be suitable for permitting selective association of a combined species with the imprinted material which combined species includes a relatively small species.
  • a separation method which method includes the use of an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention may provide a separation method, which method is suitable for use in the separation of relatively small species, which method includes the use of an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be contacted with a medium containing a relatively small species such that a relatively small ⁇ pecies may become selectively associated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate separation.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be contacted with a medium containing a combined species which combined species includes a relatively small species, such that combined species, and thus relatively small species, may become selectively associated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate separation.
  • an extraction method which method includes the use of an imprinted material, which imprinted material is an i mprinted material in accordance with t h e present invention.
  • the present invention may provide an extraction method, which method is suitable for use in the extraction of relatively small species which method includes the us e of an imprinted material, which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • an imprinte d material in accordance with the present invention may b e contacted with a medium containing a relatively small species such that a relatively small species may become selectively associated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate extraction.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be contacted with a medium containing a combined species, which combined species includes a relatively small species, such that combined species, and thus relatively small species, may become selectively associated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate extraction.
  • a method for detection which method includes the use of an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention may provide a method suitable for detection of relatively small species, which method includes the use of an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be contacted with a medium containing a relatively small species such that relatively small species may become selectively a ⁇ ⁇ ociated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate detection.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be contacted with a medium containing a combined species, which combined species includes a relatively small species, such that combined species, and thus relatively small species, may become selectively associated with the imprinted material in order to facilitate detection.
  • Detection of a relatively small species using an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be achieved in any suitable manner.
  • any suitable form of assay may utilise an imprinted material which imprinted material is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • assay configurations similar to those which may ind application in immunoassay ⁇ e.g. competitive assays may be used.
  • imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be used for the selective retention of a relatively small species, thereby to enable a chromatographic technique to be used to detect a relatively email species.
  • the imprinted material may be associated with a quartz crystal detector (e.g. a bulk acoustic wave quartz crystal oscillator, or a surface acoustic wave resonator or a surface acoustic wave delay-line) , or with an optical detector (e.g. one capable of detecting a colour change, or a fluorescence change, or a luminescence change) , or with a detector capable of detecting an electrical change (e.g. an electrical conductivity change or an electrical resistance change) , or with a detector capable of detecting a calori etric signal.
  • a quartz crystal detector e.g. a bulk acoustic wave quartz crystal oscillator, or a surface acoustic wave resonator or a surface acoustic wave delay-line
  • an optical detector e.g. one capable of detecting a colour change, or a fluorescence change, or a luminescence change
  • an electrical change e.g. an electrical conductivity change
  • the imprinted material may be, for example, such that it is itself an electrically conducting imprinted material.
  • such an electrically conducting imprinted material may be formed by polymerisation of any suitable monomers (which may, or may not, themselves be electrically conducting) said polymerisation giving rise to an electrically conducting imprinted material (e.g. imprinted polypyrrole) .
  • a sensor in accordance with the present invention may be used individually or an array of sensors (each sensor being in accordance with the present invention) may be used in conjunction with appropriate signal processing (e.g. as an "electronic nose") .
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be used as such.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be used in conjunction with a support material.
  • the present invention in another aspect, provides an imprinted material, in accordance with the present invention, in conjunction with a support material.
  • an imprinted material may be provided (e.g. formed) in the pores of a support material or may be provided (e.g. formed) as a layer or film (e.g. a thin layer or film) on a surface of a support material. Any suitable support material may be used.
  • ⁇ upport materials are solid phase materials such as a reaction vessel wall, insoluble poly ⁇ accharldes (which may be in particulate form) , microparticle ⁇ (e.g. particulate microcellulose) , insoluble poly ⁇ accharides with entrapped iron oxide (e.g. magnetisable particles such as magnetisable micro-particulate materials) , polystyrene (e.g. in the form of beads, tubes, wells, microtitre plates, discs, or dip-sticks) , gelatinous materials (e.g. cross-linked dextran (e.g.
  • an imprinted material may be, for example, provided on a support material.
  • an imprinted material is to be provided on a support material (e.g. as a thin layer or as a film) this may be effected, for example, in any suitable manner and/or by any suitable means or method.
  • a monomeric precursor material may be attached or bound (e.g. by covalent linkage) to a support material and polymerisation may be used as a step in the preparation of an imprinted material.
  • an imprinted material may be prepared in situ on the support material.
  • a monomeric precursor material may be attached or bound to the support material and polymerisation thereof may be effected, in the presence of a combined species (comprising a selected relatively small species and a companion species) and subsequently either the combined species or the selected relatively small species may be removed to give, on the support material, an imprinted material which may selectively "recognise", respectively, the combined species or the selected relatively small species alone.
  • a combined species comprising a selected relatively small species and a companion species
  • removal of the combined species may provide, on the support material, an imprinted material which may selectively "recognise” the combined species and that removal of the selected relatively small species alone may provide, on the support material, an imprinted material which may selectively "recognise” the selected relatively small species alone.
  • detection in accordance with the present invention may be, for example, quantitative or qualitative; it will be further understood that quantitative detection may be considered to be, for example, determination or measurement.
  • the present invention also provides, in a further aspect, an imprinted material when made by a method in accordance with the present invention, said method being suitable for use in the preparation of an imprinted material.
  • an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be, for example, such as to be suitable for permitting selective association of a relatively small species per se with the imprinted material, or may be, for example, such as to be suitable for permitting selective association of a combined species with the imprinted material, said combined species including a relatively small species.
  • a selected species may be used in combination with a companion species.
  • the selected species may be, for example, in some embodiments, substantially similar (e.g. substantially identical) in type to the "target" species to which the imprinted material is directed.
  • the selected species need not necessarily be substantially identical to the "target” species; for example, the selected species may be a selected species as such, or may be a precursor for a selected species, or may be a derivative of a selected species.
  • the term "selected species" as used in this Specification may embrace, for example, a selected species as such, or a precursor therefor, or a derivative of a selected species-
  • the selected species need not necessarily be substantially identical in type to a "target" species since the selected species may be a similar species to the target species.
  • a similar species to a target species may be a species which is similar in size and/or chemical functionality to a "target" species such that the similar species may be useful in the preparation of an imprinted material which may permit selective association of a target species with the imprinted material.
  • a suitable "combined species” in the case of some template species (e.g. for some _ 2 1 _ target species)
  • more than one type of imprinted material in accordance with the present invention may be used (e.g. simultaneously or sequentially) so as to facilitate the selective association of more than one relatively small species or combined species or a mixture thereof.
  • a plurality of different imprinted materials in accordance with the present invention may be used to permit selective association of a plurality of relatively small species, or a plurality of combined species, or a mixture of relatively small species and combined species.
  • a first relatively small species or first combined species may be selectively associated with a first imprinted material
  • a second relatively small species or a second combined species may be selectively associated with a second imprinted material and so forth.
  • a sensor, or an array of sensors, or a test-kit, or a separation method, or an extraction method, or a method of detection in accordance with the present invention may, for example, optionally, use a plurality of different imprinted materials, each of which imprinted materials is an imprinted material in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation (not necessarily to scale) of a sensor in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is a diagrammatic representation (not necessarily to scale) of the sensor in Figure 1 as viewed in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1.
  • a sensor 1 having a support material 2 upon which there is provided a layer of imprinted material 3, said imprinted material 3 being in accordance with the present invention.
  • a medium for example containing a relatively small species or containing a combined species, which combined species includes a relatively small species, may be arranged to contact the sensor 1 such that a relatively small species, or a combined species, may become selectively associated with the imprinted material 3 such as to enable a signal to be generated to indicate the presence of a relatively small species or a combined species.
  • a signal may be detected by any suitable means (not shown) , the means being chosen as appropriate to the signal generate .

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Abstract

Matériau imprimé, procédé à utiliser pour la préparation d'un matériau imprimé, détecteur, kit d'essai et procédés d'utilisation d'un matériau imprimé. La présente invention concerne, entre autres, un matériau imprimé approprié pour permettre l'association sélective d'espèces relativement petites à ce matériau. Elle concerne également, entre autres, un procédé à utiliser dans la préparation d'un matériau imprimé, ledit matériau imprimé étant approprié pour permettre l'association sélective d'espèces relativement petites à ce matériau, ledit procédé comportant l'utilisation d'une espèce sélectionnée et d'une espèce compagne de ladite espèce sélectionnée. Elle concerne encore, entre autres, un détecteur qui comporte un matériau imprimé selon la présente invention.
EP96942489A 1995-12-20 1996-12-18 Materiaux imprime Withdrawn EP0956156A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9526109.5A GB9526109D0 (en) 1995-12-20 1995-12-20 Imprinted materials
GB9526109 1995-12-20
GB9602009A GB2308369B (en) 1995-12-20 1996-01-31 Imprinted materials
GB9602009 1996-01-31
PCT/GB1996/003136 WO1997022410A1 (fr) 1995-12-20 1996-12-18 Materiaux imprime

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EP0956156A1 true EP0956156A1 (fr) 1999-11-17

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GB9719946D0 (en) 1997-09-19 1997-11-19 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Improvements in and relating to detection and extraction
SE9703447D0 (sv) * 1997-09-24 1997-09-24 Sven Oscarsson Method of arraying nanoparticles and macromolecules on surfaces
GB2337332B (en) * 1998-05-13 2002-12-18 Univ Cranfield Disposable affinity sensor
WO2000007702A2 (fr) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-17 Poly-An Gmbh Matieres a impression de matrices, et procede de production et d'utilisation desdites matieres

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JPS62241551A (ja) * 1986-03-10 1987-10-22 Res Dev Corp Of Japan 二酸化炭素選択分離剤
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SE8900130L (sv) * 1989-01-16 1990-07-17 Klaus Mosbach Konceptet att med hjaelp av molekylavtrycksmetoden framstaella konstgjorda antikroppar genom imprinting av t ex antigener samt att framstaella konstgjorda entzymer genom imprintning med transition state analoger
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WO1997022410A1 (fr) 1997-06-26
GB9602009D0 (en) 1996-04-03
GB2308369A (en) 1997-06-25

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