EP0955513B1 - Automatischer Zuführmechanismus für Treibladungsanzünder in einer Artilleriekanone - Google Patents

Automatischer Zuführmechanismus für Treibladungsanzünder in einer Artilleriekanone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955513B1
EP0955513B1 EP19990107740 EP99107740A EP0955513B1 EP 0955513 B1 EP0955513 B1 EP 0955513B1 EP 19990107740 EP19990107740 EP 19990107740 EP 99107740 A EP99107740 A EP 99107740A EP 0955513 B1 EP0955513 B1 EP 0955513B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feeding device
tubular element
translation
screw
breech
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990107740
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0955513A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Soulaigre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0955513A1 publication Critical patent/EP0955513A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0955513B1 publication Critical patent/EP0955513B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/57—Firing mechanisms operating with primer cartridge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device automatic cannon supply artillery, especially for a large caliber cannon equipped with a screw or wedge cylinder head.
  • a choke is intended for initiate the propellant charge of a stationary ammunition in the gun barrel chamber and we know some number of towing supply systems.
  • document USH-1121 describes a system supply of towed artillery cannon a screw cylinder head and which includes a charger squibs.
  • a system has two drawbacks major which are first of all the restricted number can be put in the charger, but especially imposes the automatic ejection of the sockets of used packing.
  • the ejection of these sockets constitutes a danger when the artillery gun is integrated into the turret of a self-propelled vehicle.
  • the sockets ejected can cause malfunctions in the various mechanical systems of the turret, especially the automatic feeding system for ammunition.
  • FR-A-2 679 990 describes a system automatic loading of tows which is housed at inside an internal recess of a cylinder head screw.
  • This loading system includes a cable gland assembly which is integral with a sealing device.
  • the stuffing box includes a tray receiving a plurality of tows which remain in place after use, i.e. the sockets are not ejected.
  • this the disadvantage of automatic loading offer a limited number of pins that can take place in the stuffing box.
  • This limitation is basically related to the position of the loading system inside an internal recess of the bolt tear.
  • US-A-5,054,365 describes a cable-carrying chain placed behind a sleeve of a cylinder head corner.
  • a chain can include a large number but the latter must be arranged in cases of which a front face cooperates with a seal integral with the ignition light.
  • Such a provision is intended to guarantee gas tightness when switching on the choke, but it complicates the placing the pins in the charger and it there remains a risk of gas leakage between the gasket and the ignition light.
  • the object of the invention is to design a device automatic supply of chokes for a cannon large-caliber field artillery equipped with a screw or wedge cylinder head, comprising a large quantity of sleeves whose sockets are not ejected and which are carried by a stationary magazine relative to the cylinder head, the device according to the invention nevertheless ensuring a excellent gas tightness when firing the gasket.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device automatic cannon supply artillery, the barrel being notably equipped with a sleeve cylinder head crossed by an axially aligned opening with the axis XX of the barrel tube defining a chamber containing a propellant charge M, of a mobile assembly supporting a breech obturation means for obturating tightly opening the breech sleeve, and a choke supply device to initiate the propellant charge, and a choke channel to transmit initiation to the propellant charge, characterized in that the tow channel is made up of an element tubular movable axially in translation between a retracted position where he comes to cover a stump when the closure means is locked before the initiation of propellant charge, and an advanced position where it releases the bushing of the packing when the sealing means is unlocked after initiation of said charge, said tube being actuated between these two positions by a means translation drive operated by the assembly mobile.
  • the tubular element is integral with the mobile assembly and is slidably mounted inside the screw.
  • the front end of the tubular element is inserted in a seal placed at the front of the cylinder head.
  • the tubular element is provided at its front end a sealing means inserted in the seal of the breech.
  • the means of translational drive of the element tubular consists of a pivoted bent lever housed in the cylinder head screw, one end of the lever engaging freely in an oblong opening of the slide, the other end of the lever being connected to the element tubular.
  • the end of the lever has at least one pin which engages in a peripheral groove of an attached ring on the tubular element.
  • the tows are arranged in a store secured to the mobile assembly comprising a chain without end, operated step by step by a drive means in rotation.
  • the device for rotating the chain endless includes a set of lifters supported in translation by the shutter and controlled by a stop secured to the sleeve, a ratchet wheel secured to a driving wheel of the endless chain and rotationally controlled by the set of pushers.
  • the feeding device includes a system ignition system to ignite a suffocation, this system ignition being integral with the slide.
  • a very first advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the chokes are not subjected to any translational movement. This structure reduces the masses in motion and therefore simplify the mechanical production.
  • Another advantage is the use of movements of the mobile assembly to control on the one hand the translation of the tow channel and on the other hand the rotation of the cable gland chain.
  • the packing device according to the invention was specially designed for a cannon large caliber artillery whose representation was voluntarily limited in the figures at the rear of the tube 1 which forms a chamber 2 intended to receive a propellant charge M or ammunition.
  • the figures show a cannon artillery equipped with a bolt breech whose obturation implements three main elements, namely: a sleeve 3, a cylinder head screw 4 capable of being screwed in the sleeve 3 and a flap 5 of cylinder head serving as support for the different organs that make up the whole cylinder head mobile whose structure is described in the French patent cited above.
  • flap 5 is in the form of a metal part solid applied against the rear face of the sleeve in being articulated with respect to the sleeve 3 and around an axis 8 via an arm 6.
  • This flap supports a bell 7 on which the screw 4 is mounted to rotate freely to ensure the closure of the cylinder head by screwing or unscrewing about a twelfth of a turn.
  • Part 5 pivots relative to the cylinder head sleeve 3 about an axis 8 to ensure closing and opening movements of screw 4, thus ensuring that this component is secured with the sleeve before firing a charge M.
  • Au flap 5 is coupled to a slider 9, slidably mounted by report to the shutter to provoke in a known and described manner by patent FR-A-2 679 990 the rotation of the screw 4 (screwing, unscrewing by rotation of an angle of about 30 °). relative to bell 7 and allow the opening of the cylinder head.
  • the rotational movement of the screw is thus controlled by the cooperation of a roller 100 secured to the screw with an inclined groove 101 carried by the slide.
  • the device for supplying studs are mounted at the rear of the weapon and takes advantage of it as will be explained below the translation of the movable slide 9 relative to the flap 5, and consists of a magazine 11 of pins 12, a ignition system 13 integral with the slide 9 and a movable tubular ignition element 14 connecting the choke 12a in chamber 2 of the weapon.
  • the cylinder head flap 5 has a face front 5a located opposite the sleeve 3 of the weapon and a opposite rear face 5b.
  • the screw 4 is connected to the front face 5a of the flap 5.
  • the slider 9 is produced in the form of a metal plate applied against flap 5 and rendered movable relative to it in one direction perpendicular to the axis XX of the tube 1.
  • the movement of translation of the slide 9 is controlled by a lever pivoting around the axis 8, distinct from the arm 6, and of which the end (only shown here) carries a roller 17 housed in a slide light.
  • the relative kinematics of rotations around the same axis 8 of the lever driving the slide and arm 6 causing the opening rotation flap 5 is obtained by a device coupling / decoupling not shown and described in detail by FR-A-2 679 990. It will be noted that the slide 9 is sliding mounted between two integral slides 15 and 16 of part 5.
  • Store 11 mainly consists of Figure 2 by an endless chain 18 which carries the 12 pins arranged side by side and parallel the to each other in a direction parallel to the X-X axis of the tube 1.
  • the endless chain 18 is wound on four toothed wheels 19 respectively located towards the four corners of a path formed by a guide device 20 fixed on the flap 5 and forming a substantially loop rectangular.
  • the chain 18 is constituted by the assembly of links 21 made by laser cutting in a sheet of spring steel.
  • Each link has two openings 22 and it is made integral with its neighbor by a packing ring 23 which mounts in the opening 22 by snap-fastening.
  • Each packing holder 23 receives a packing 12 which passes through a central opening 24 of each packing holder 23, and the base c of the packing 12 is housed in an enlarged recess 24a coaxial with the opening 24.
  • each toothed wheel 19 is mounted free in rotation on a shaft 25 fixed on the flap 5.
  • Notches 26 are provided on one side side of each wheel 19. These notches 26 are regularly spaced on a circle following a step which corresponds to the step of advancement of the chain 18.
  • a pusher 27 with spring carried by the chain guide 18 is housed in one of the notches 26, and goes from a notch to the other at each step of advancement of the chain 18.
  • one of the wheels toothed or driving wheel 19a is integral with a wheel with ratchet 28 which ensures the step by step drive of the chain 18 by means of a drive device which will be described further, so that each time the chain advances 18, a packing 12 is axially aligned with the tube 1 of the weapon.
  • Notches 26 are also provided on a lateral face of the ratchet wheel 28, and a pusher spring 29 carried by the chain guide 20 is housed in one of these notches 26 at each advancement step of chain 18.
  • the slide 9 has a bracket 30 which is pierced with an opening 31 in which is housed a striker 32 associated with a return spring 33.
  • the opening 31 has a front end through which the striker 32 can protrude to strike the pin 12, and a rear end by which the striker 32 makes projection under the action of return spring 33 for come to rest on one end of a lever percussion 34 of angled shape.
  • the elbow of lever 34 is mounted pivoting about an axis 35, and the other end of the lever 34 is articulated around an axis 36 carried by a moving element 37 of an electromagnet 38 mounted on the slide 9.
  • the screw cylinder head is provided with a known sealing device 39 comprising a head 40 and an O-ring seal 41.
  • the head 40 is mushroom-shaped, that is to say that it is extended by a cylindrical part 42 which passes through freely a central passage 43 provided in the part central of the bell 7, the seal 41 being placed between the head 40 and the front face 44 of the screw 4.
  • the cylindrical part 42 opens out inside the bell 7.
  • the head 40 is locked in position by means of a elastic pin 45 which is mounted in a radial passage 46 drilled in the cylinder head screw 4.
  • One end of this pin 45 is housed in a groove 47 formed in the outer wall of the cylindrical wall 42 which extends the head 40. This light 47 allows a small displacement in translation of the head 40 relative to the screw 4.
  • a choke channel ensures the connection between the tow 12a ready to be ignited and the chamber 2 of the weapon.
  • This tow channel is made under the shape of the tubular element 14, axially aligned with the axis XX of the tube 1, and connects the pin 12a in the position of firing in chamber 2 of the weapon to initiate the charge propellant M. It is supported by the device sealing 39 of screw 4.
  • This tubular element 14 is movable in translation between two distinct positions: a first position in which he covers the choke and a second position in which it totally releases the primer.
  • This configuration constitutes a essential characteristic of the invention to the extent where the stuffing box store remains integral with the slide 9, which, given the masses involved, simplifies the mechanical production.
  • we take advantage of the translation of the slide to control both the rotation of the magazine and the translation of the element tubular.
  • One end 14a of the tubular element 14 opens out in chamber 2 of tube 1, while its other end 14b has an enlarged internal diameter recess of so as to come to cap the pin 12a which is axially aligned with tube 1.
  • the tubular element 14 is either in a first position, or retracted position, when it comes to style the 12a choke ready to be ignited, either in a second position, or advanced position, where it is released from the bushing of the 12a choke which has been ignited for allow the advance of another 12n chock in position firing.
  • the position of the tubular element 14 is determined by the translation of the slide 9 as indicated above. More specifically, the slide 9 and the element 14 are connected to each other by a connecting device 48 such that the translational movement of the slide 9 causes the displacement in translation of the tubular element 14 between its two positions indicated above.
  • the device link 48 includes a bent lever 49 housed inside of the bell 7.
  • the lever 49 is pivotally mounted around a axis 50 supported in rotation by a radial lug 51 in projection on the internal face of a ring 52 fixed to the wall internal bell 7.
  • One end 48a of the lever 49 projects freely in an oblong light 53 of the slide 9.
  • the other end 48b of the lever 49 forms a fork, the two of which parallel branches 54 come from either side of the tubular element 14.
  • the two branches 54 carry two diametrically opposed pins 55 (figure 9) which engage freely in a groove 56 of a drive ring 57 attached to the tubular element 14.
  • This ring 57 comes resting on a shoulder 58 of the tubular element 14 on the one hand, and on a split stop ring 59 fixed on the tubular element 14 with interposition of a seal toric 60 on the other hand.
  • the sealing device 60 in elastomer has the function of absorbing dispersions mechanical assembly. It thus ensures the support of the element tubular 14 on the chain 18 carrying the pins, this the latter also being held in abutment against the slide 9 (see figure 10 half bottom view)
  • a sealing device 61 ( Figure 1) is mounted in a central recess 62 formed on the front face of the head 40.
  • the sealing device 61 consists by mounting seals comprising a first seal elastomer 102 disposed between the tubular element 14 and the bottom and the cylindrical wall of the central recess 62 and a second metallic gasket 103 presser retained by a circlip fixed on the tubular element 14.
  • the endless chain 18 of store 11 which is controlled by a device step-by-step drive 70 operated from movement pivoting of the flap 5.
  • the device drive 70 of chain 18 includes a first pusher 71, associated with a return spring 72, which is supported in translation by the slide 16.
  • This first pusher 71 is controlled in translation by a stop 73 fixed and integral with the cylinder head sleeve 3.
  • the device drive 70 includes a second pusher 74 which is driven by the first pusher 71 to order in translation an articulated arm 75 (FIG.
  • a spring with blade 77 ensures the separation of the arm 75 from the pawl 28 around the axis 76 when returning to the initial position of the training device.
  • the stuffing box 11 is closed by a cover 104 ( Figure 11) affecting the shape of a flat plate and which is here made integral with the store by two clasps articulated 105a and 105b (but which could be fixed by any known means such as flanges).
  • This cover has a rectangular opening 106 which is closed by a hatch sliding 107, returned to the closed position by a spring 108 coaxial with a rod 109 which is guided by a support / stop 110 integral with the cover.
  • the hatch is guided in translation by welded flanges 111a and 111b on the cover.
  • the firing command for the 12a choke is obtained by actuating the electromagnet 38, which has for effect of rotating the percussion lever 34 around its axis 35 and to drive the striker 32 towards the pin 12a to strike it.
  • the flame resulting from the spark 12a is propagated by the element tubular 14 to the chamber 2 of the tube 1 to initiate the propellant charge M, in a manner known per se.
  • the translational movement of the slide 9 causes the unscrewing of the screw 4 and, in parallel, the removal of the percussion ignition system 13 which is secured to the slide 9.
  • the end 48a of the lever 48 abuts at one end of the light 53 of the slide 9, which has the effect of rotating the lever 49 around its axis 50.
  • the other end 48b of the lever 49 causes a translational movement of the tubular element 14 via the two pins 55 which move the drive ring 57.
  • the element tubular 14 takes the position illustrated in the half view figure 10.
  • the screw 4 and the flap 5 are integral in rotation around the control shaft 8 and release the opening of the sleeve 3 which gives access to the chamber 2 of the tube 1.
  • the first pusher 71 of the chain drive device 18 comes to rest on the stop 73.
  • the upper part of the figure 1 partially shows (in dotted lines) the cooperation of the breech flap with the sleeve on the one hand of head 3 which ensures its rotation stop and other share that of the pusher 71 with the fixed stop 73.
  • the first pusher 71 is thus moved in translation, as well as the second pusher 74 which acts on the arm 75 whose end free rests on a tooth 28a of the ratchet wheel 28, which has the effect of causing it to rotate in a determined angle.
  • This rotation is transmitted to the wheel driving tooth 19a which will cause a displacement of the chain 18 of a step corresponding to the distance separating two tows 12. Following this displacement, a new packing 12 is ready to be drawn.
  • the flap 5 is coupled to the slide 9, and this first phase of rotation ends when screw 4 is freely engaged in the housing of the sleeve 3, this which corresponds to the moment of translation of the slide 9 compared to component 5.
  • the lever 6 In the second phase of rotation of the control shaft 8, the lever 6 translates the slide 9 and the rotation of the screw 4 in the locking direction.
  • the end 48a of the lever 49 Towards the end of the movement of the slider 9 (FIGS. 1 and 10), the end 48a of the lever 49 abuts against the other end of the lumen 53 of the slider 9, which has the effect of pivoting the lever 49 around of its axis 50.
  • the other end 48b of the lever 49 causes a displacement in translation of the tubular element 14 via the pins 55 which move the drive ring 57.
  • the tubular element 14 then takes the position of the lower half-view of FIG. 10, that is to say that its rear end covers the pin 12 which is axially aligned with the tube 1.
  • each opening of the screw 4 makes it possible to position a new choke ready to be ignited, this positioning being done automatically by the only rotation of the flap 5 which causes the translational movement of the tubular element 14.
  • the endless chain 18 can support a number of pins 12 of the order of forty. The seal during the firing of the nipple is ensured in a reliable and reproducible manner by the fact that the tubular element 14 completely surrounds the body of the nipple. The displacement of the tubular element 14 makes it possible to avoid the displacement of the whole of the supply device for tows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Vorrichtung zum automatischen Beladen von Zündern (12) für eine Artilleriekanone, wobei die Kanone insbesondere mit einer Verschlussmuffe (3) ausgerüstet ist, die von einer axial mit der Achse XX des Kanonenrohrs (1) ausgerichteten Öffnung durchdrungen wird, welche eine eine Treibladung M enthaltenden Kammer (2) bildet, mit einer mobilen Baugruppe, die ein Verschluss-Liderungsmittel (4) zum dichten Verschließen der Öffnung der Verschlussmuffe, eine Vorrichtung (11) zum Beladen mit Zündern zum Zünden der Treibladungen und einen Zünderkanal zum Übertragen der Zündung an die Treibladung aufnimmt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zünderkanal von einem Rohrelement (14) gebildet wird, welches axial verschiebbar beweglich ist zwischen einer zurückgezogenen Position, in der es einen Zünder (12a) überdeckt, wenn das Liderungsmittel (4) vor der Zündung der Treibladung verriegelt ist, und einer vorgeschobenen Position, in der es die Hülse des Zünders freigibt, wenn das Liderungsmittel (4) nach der Zündung der genannten Ladung entriegelt ist, wobei das genannte Rohr (14) zwischen diesen beiden Positionen von einem von der mobilen Baugruppe (6) betätigten Antriebsmittel (48) zur Verschiebung in Gang gesetzt wird.
  2. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohrelement (14), das in einer Kanone verwendet wird, die mit einem Schraub-Liderungsmittel (4) ausgerüstet ist, in welchem die mobile Baugruppe insbesondere eine in Bezug auf die Muffe (3) schwenkbare Verschlussklappe (5) und einen zur Achse XX senkrecht verschiebbaren Schlitten (9) umfasst, fest mit der mobilen Baugruppe (6) verbunden und verschiebbar im Inneren der Schraube (4) angebracht ist.
  3. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das vordere Ende des Rohrelementes (14) in einen Dichtsatz (40) eingesetzt ist, der im vorderen Bereich der Verschlussschraube (4) angeordnet ist.
  4. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohrelement (14) an seinem vorderen Ende mit einem in den Dichtsatz (40) des Verschlusses eingesetzten Dichtungsmittel (16) versehen wird.
  5. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebsmittel zur Verschiebung des Rohrelementes (14) aus einem abgewinkelten, drehbaren Hebel (49) besteht, der sich in der Verschlussschraube (4) befindet, wobei ein Ende (48a) des Hebels frei in eine längliche Öffnung (53) des Schlittens (9) eingreift und das andere Ende (48b) des Hebels mit dem Rohrelement verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ende (48b) des Hebels mindestens ein Klötzchen (55) besitzt, das in eine Umfangsauskehlung (56) eines auf das Rohrelement gesteckten Rings (57) eingreift.
  7. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zünder (12) in einem fest mit der mobilen Baugruppe verbundenen Magazin (11) angeordnet sind, welches eine endlose Kette (18) umfasst, die Taktweise von einem Antriebsmittel in Rotation versetzt wird.
  8. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (70) zum Drehantrieb der Endloskette (18) eine Drückerbaugruppe (71, 74, 75) umfasst, die von der Verschlussklappe (5) beweglich aufgenommen und von einem mit der Muffe (3) fest verbundenen Anschlag (73) betätigt werden, und ein mit einem treibenden Rad (19) der Endloskette (18) festverbundenem Sperrklinkenrad (28), das von der Drückerbaugruppe (71, 74, 75) in Rotation versetzt wird.
  9. Vorrichtung zum Beladen nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Zündsystem (13) umfasst, um einen Zünder (12a) zuzünden, wobei dieses Zündsystem fest mit dem Schlitten (9) verbunden ist.
EP19990107740 1998-05-04 1999-04-19 Automatischer Zuführmechanismus für Treibladungsanzünder in einer Artilleriekanone Expired - Lifetime EP0955513B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805699 1998-05-04
FR9805699A FR2778236B1 (fr) 1998-05-04 1998-05-04 Dispositif d'alimentation automatique en etoupilles pour canon d'artillerie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0955513A1 EP0955513A1 (de) 1999-11-10
EP0955513B1 true EP0955513B1 (de) 2002-10-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19990107740 Expired - Lifetime EP0955513B1 (de) 1998-05-04 1999-04-19 Automatischer Zuführmechanismus für Treibladungsanzünder in einer Artilleriekanone

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EP (1) EP0955513B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69903216T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2778236B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3921767A1 (de) 1989-07-01 1991-01-10 Rheinmetall Gmbh Treibladungsanzuendermagazin mit schrittweisem antrieb
FR2679990B1 (fr) 1991-07-31 1995-02-17 Giat Ind Sa Systeme d'obturation de bouche a feu d'un tube de canon.
DE4128055C2 (de) * 1991-08-23 1996-04-04 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Geschützkeilverschluß
USH1121H (en) 1991-10-31 1992-12-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Primer feed mechanism

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Publication number Publication date
DE69903216D1 (de) 2002-11-07
FR2778236A1 (fr) 1999-11-05
DE69903216T2 (de) 2003-02-13
EP0955513A1 (de) 1999-11-10
FR2778236B1 (fr) 2000-06-02

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