EP0954055A1 - Antenne für zwei Frequenzen für die Radiokommunikation in Form einer Mikrostreifenleiterantenne - Google Patents

Antenne für zwei Frequenzen für die Radiokommunikation in Form einer Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0954055A1
EP0954055A1 EP99400922A EP99400922A EP0954055A1 EP 0954055 A1 EP0954055 A1 EP 0954055A1 EP 99400922 A EP99400922 A EP 99400922A EP 99400922 A EP99400922 A EP 99400922A EP 0954055 A1 EP0954055 A1 EP 0954055A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
patch
edge
extending
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99400922A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0954055B1 (de
Inventor
Christophe Grangeat
Pascal Herve
Laurence Lorcy
Charles Ngounou Kouam
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel CIT SA, Alcatel SA filed Critical Alcatel CIT SA
Publication of EP0954055A1 publication Critical patent/EP0954055A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0954055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0954055B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to the devices for radiocommunication, in particular portable radiotelephones, and it relates more particularly to the antennas which are produced according to the microstrip technique to be included in such devices.
  • a antenna includes a patch which is typically formed by etching of a metallic layer. It is called in English by specialists "microstrip patch antenna" for "microstrip type patch antenna”.
  • the microstrip technique is a planar technique that applies both to the realization of lines transmitting signals and to that antennas coupling between such lines and waves radiated. It uses conductive tapes and / or pads formed on the upper surface of a thin dielectric substrate which separates them from conductive layer extending over the lower surface of this substrate and constituting a mass of the line or the antenna. Such a tablet is typically wider than such a ribbon and its shapes and dimensions constitute important features of the antenna.
  • the shape of the substrate is typically that of a flat rectangular sheet of constant thickness and the the patch is also typically rectangular. But this is by no means a obligation.
  • the thickness of the substrate for example according to an exponential law, makes it possible to widen the band bandwidth of such an antenna and that the shape of the patch can in particular be circular.
  • the electric field lines extend between the ribbon or the pellet and the mass layer crossing the substrate.
  • This technique differs from various other techniques using them also conductive elements on a thin substrate, and in particular of that coplanar lines in which the electric field is established on the surface top of the substrate and symmetrically between on the one hand a ribbon central conductor and on the other hand two conductive pads located on the one and on the other side of this ribbon from which they are respectively separated by two slots.
  • a patch is surrounded by a conductive pad continuous from which it is separated by a slit.
  • the antennas produced according to these techniques typically constitute, although not necessarily, resonant structures capable of being the seat standing waves allowing coupling with radiated waves.
  • a first type is the most common and can be called "half wave". Being admitted that a dimension of the pellet constitutes a length and extends in a so-called longitudinal direction, this length is typically substantially equal to half a wave, i.e. half the wavelength of a propagating electromagnetic wave in this direction in the line formed by the mass, the substrate and the pastille.
  • the antenna is then called "half wave”.
  • This type of resonance can be generally defined by the presence of a current node electric at each of the two ends of this length which can therefore also be equal to said half wave multiplied by an integer other that a. This number is typically odd. Coupling with waves radiated is done at the ends of this length, these ends being located in regions where the amplitude of the electric field prevailing in the substrate is maximum.
  • a second type of resonant structure which can be produced according to this same technique can be called "quarter wave". It differs from said type half wave on the one hand by the fact that the patch typically has a length substantially equal to a quarter wave, i.e. a quarter of a length wavelength, this length of the patch and this wavelength being defined as above, the antenna then being called “quarter wave”. It differs from others apart from the fact that a significant short circuit is made at one end of this length between the mass and the patch so as to impose a mode of resonance of a type called "quarter wave". This type of resonance can be defined generally by the presence of a fixed electric field node by this short circuit at one end of the length of the patch and by a electric current node located at the other end of this length.
  • This last can therefore also be equal to a whole number of half-waves in addition to said quarter wave.
  • the coupling with the radiated waves is done at the other end of this length, this other end being located in the region where the amplitude of the electric field through the substrate is maximum.
  • Each resonance mode can be described as resulting from the superposition of two waves propagating in two opposite directions on a same path by reflecting alternately at the two ends of this path.
  • This path is imposed by the constituent elements of the antenna. he constitutes said "resonance path" for this resonance mode. It is straight and longitudinal in the case of half-wave and quarter-wave antennas previously mentioned. But it can also conform to a slit curved radiative. In all cases the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the time during which a progressive wave considered above travels this resonance path.
  • the expression "mode of resonance" will sometimes be replaced below by the term” resonance ".
  • the coupling of an antenna to a signal processing device such that a transmitter is typically done through a set of connection comprising a coupling device included in this antenna, and an external connection line to this antenna and connecting the device for coupling to the signal processing device.
  • connection line is to carry a radio frequency or microwave signal from the transmitter to the antenna terminals. Throughout such a line the signal is propagates in the form of a traveling wave without undergoing, at least in principle, significant modification of its characteristics.
  • the function of coupling device is to transform the signal supplied by the line of connection so that this signal excites a resonance of the antenna, i.e. the energy of the traveling wave carrying this signal is transferred to a standing wave settling in the antenna with characteristics defined by the latter. This transfer is generally imperfect, i.e.
  • the coupling device reflects part of the energy towards the line of connection which gives rise in this latter to a wave parasitic stationary.
  • the corresponding standing wave rate varies in frequency function and the diagram of this variation defines the antenna bandwidths.
  • the antenna transfers energy from the standing wave useful to a wave radiated in space.
  • the signal supplied by the transmitter thus undergoes a first transformation to pass from the form from a traveling wave to that of a standing wave, then a second transformation which gives it the shape of a radiated wave.
  • the signal takes the same forms in the same organs but he takes them in reverse order.
  • the coupling device and the connection line can be performed using a technique other than that of microstrips, for example in the form of coaxial or coplanar lines. Their natures and their dimensions are chosen so as to obtain a mutual adaptation of the impedances of the various organs traversed by the signals, this to limit the stray reflections.
  • the present invention relates to antennas able to be included in various types of devices. These devices include radiotelephones laptops, base stations for them, automobiles and planes or aerial missiles.
  • these devices include radiotelephones laptops, base stations for them, automobiles and planes or aerial missiles.
  • the continuity of the lower mass layer of an antenna produced using microstrip technique makes it easy to limit the power of radiation intercepted by the body of the user of the device.
  • the antenna can be conformed to this profile so as not to show aerodynamic drag additional annoying.
  • a first such known antenna is described in patent document US-A-4,766,440 (Gan).
  • the patch 10 of this antenna has a generally rectangular shape allowing this antenna to have two half-wave resonances whose paths are established along a length and a width of this patch. Furthermore, it has a curved U-shaped slot which is entirely internal to this patch. This slit is radiative and reveals an additional mode of resonance establishing itself along another path. It also makes it possible, by a suitable choice of its shape and its dimensions, to bring the frequencies of the resonance modes to desired values which gives the possibility of emitting a wave with circular polarization thanks to the association of two modes with the same frequency and crossed linear polarizations.
  • the coupling device has the form of a line which is produced according to the microstrip technique but which it is also said to be coplanar, this because the microstrip extends in the plane of the patch and enters between two notches of the latter.
  • This device is provided with impedance transformation means to adapt it to the different input impedances respectively presented by the line at the different resonant frequencies used as operating frequencies.
  • a second known antenna differs from the previous one by the use of a single resonance path. It is described in patent document US-A-4,771,291 (LO et al). Its patch has punctual short-circuits and slits extending along respective straight segments inside the patch. These slots and short-circuits make it possible to reduce the difference between two frequencies corresponding to two resonances having said path in common but two respective mutually different modes which are designated by the numbers (0,1) and (0,3), c ' that is to say that this common path is occupied by a half wave or by three half waves depending on the mode considered. The ratio between these two frequencies can thus be lowered from 3 to 1.8.
  • the point short-circuits are formed by conductors crossing the substrate.
  • a third known dual-frequency antenna differs from previous by the use of a quarter wave resonance. It is described in an article: IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATONAL SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, NEWPORT BEACH, JUNE 18-23, 1995, pages 2124-2127 Boag et al "Dual Band Cavity-Backed Quarter-wave Patch Antenna".
  • a first resonant frequency is defined by the dimensions and the characteristics of the substrate and the patch of this antenna.
  • a resonance substantially the same type is obtained at a second frequency on the same resonance path thanks to the use of an adaptation system.
  • This antenna has a patch having a rear edge, a front edge opposite this rear edge, and two lateral edges joining this rear edge to this front edge.
  • This rear edge is provided with a short circuit allowing a quarter wave type resonance to establish themselves in this antenna with an electric field node fixed by this short circuit and a resonance path extending between said trailing edge and said front edge.
  • This antenna further includes a coupling device antenna allowing it to be coupled to a signal processing device such than a transmitter or receiver.
  • this antenna according to the invention is characterized by the fact that its coupling device has a differentiating asymmetry one of the lateral edges of the patch relative to the other so as to allow this device to couple this antenna to said processing member signal not only for said quarter wave resonance, but also for a half-wave type resonance establishing in this antenna with a resonance path extending between the two lateral edges of the pastille.
  • this invention has an advantage in the case where the ratio between two operating frequencies desired values, and more particularly in the case where this ratio is between 0.2 and 0.8 approximately and in particular close to 0.5.
  • This advantage is to allow to achieve this desired relationship in a way relatively simple and effective. It is obtained through the combined use of two resonance modes which are, one of a so-called quarter wave type, the other of a said half wave type, and which are established from traveling waves traversing the same area in two respective directions mutually crossed.
  • FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a device for radiocommunication produced according to this invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of the antenna of the Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 represents a diagram of the variation of a coefficient of reflection measured at the input of this same antenna and plotted on the ordinate, in function of the frequency of a signal feeding this antenna, this frequency being plotted on the abscissa.
  • the antenna further includes a coupling device.
  • a coupling device comprises on the one hand a main conductor constituted by a ribbon of coupling C1 extending over the upper surface S2 of the substrate and connected to the patch 6 at an internal connection point 18. It also comprises a ground conductor formed by layer 4. It constitutes all or part a connection assembly which connects the resonant structure of the antenna to a signal processor 22, for example to excite one or more resonances of the antenna from this member in the case where it is a transmitting antenna.
  • all of connection typically has a connection line which is external to the antenna. This line can in particular be of the coaxial type, of the type microstrip or coplanar type.
  • connection line a has been symbolically represented in the form of two conducting wires C4 and C5 connecting ground 4 and ribbon C3 respectively to the two terminals of the signal processor 22. But it should be understood that this fraction remaining would in practice be preferably carried out in the form of a line to microstrip or coaxial line.
  • the signal processor 22 is adapted to operate at predetermined operating frequencies which are at least close to useful resonant frequencies of the antenna, i.e. which are included in bandwidths centered on these resonance frequencies. he can be composite and then have an element tuned so permanent on each of these operating frequencies. He can too include a tunable element on the various frequencies of operation. Said quarter wave resonance frequency constitutes a such useful resonant frequency.
  • another so-called frequency of useful resonance is a half wave resonance frequency formed by the frequency of a resonance of said half-wave type being established in this antenna with a resonance path extending between the two lateral edges 14 and 16.
  • the antenna coupling device must be able to perform its coupling function for each of the two frequencies of quarter wave and half wave resonance.
  • this ability is obtained by the fact that this device has, relative to a longitudinal axis not shown of the antenna, an asymmetry which differentiates one of the two lateral edges of the patch from the other.
  • This asymmetry of the coupling device can be obtained from various known ways. It can in particular affect the position, the orientation and / or dimensions of all or part of this device. However, it appeared that making the latter in the form of a coaxial line would inappropriate, at least if this line was vertical.
  • This device can advantageously be formed according to a planar technique at the level of the patch and / or that of the antenna mass.
  • the patch 6 has the usual shape of a rectangle and the asymmetry of the antenna coupling device can advantageously be made by the following arrangement: the patch 6 has a slot coupling input 20 opening to the outside of this pellet through a first lateral edge 14 of this patch and extending from this first lateral edge, for example in the transverse direction DT, up to a end of this slot.
  • a C1 coupling tape then extends over the surface top of the substrate inside this coupling input slot from of this first lateral edge. It is connected to this patch at the end of this slot, this end constituting an internal connection point 18.
  • the distances from this point to a first lateral edge 14 and to the rear edge 10 respectively constitute a connection depth L3 and a dimension of connection L4.
  • the ground conductor of the antenna coupling device consists of the ground 4 of the antenna.
  • the ratio L1 / L2 of the length of the pellet to its width is between 2.5 and 0.625 approximately.
  • connection depth L3 is included between approximately 8% and 25% of the width L2 of the patch 6.
  • connection dimension L4 is between 25% and approximately 75% of the length L1 of the patch 6.
  • the short circuit C2 extends over only one segment of said rear edge 10 and this segment has a length of between 10% and 90% of the width L2 of the patch 6.
  • It is capable of transmitting or receiving a signal when it is tuned to a said transmission frequency or a said reception frequency, respectively.
  • This invention makes it possible to give each of these two bands sufficient width not only to avoid crosstalk between the emission and reception spectral channels located in this band, but also to allow to choose between several possible positions of these channels in this band.
  • the low frequency band corresponds to the standard GSM and high frequency band to DCS standard. We thus realize economically base stations and / or dual mode terminals, say capable of operating under any of these standards.
  • the frequencies transmit and receive high can be 1,750 and 1840 MHz and low transmit and receive frequencies can be 890 and 940 MHz respectively.

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EP99400922A 1998-04-30 1999-04-15 Antenne für zwei Frequenzen für die Radiokommunikation in Form einer Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0954055B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805542 1998-04-30
FR9805542A FR2778272B1 (fr) 1998-04-30 1998-04-30 Dispositif de radiocommunication et antenne bifrequence realisee selon la technique des microrubans

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0954055A1 true EP0954055A1 (de) 1999-11-03
EP0954055B1 EP0954055B1 (de) 2007-08-22

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EP99400922A Expired - Lifetime EP0954055B1 (de) 1998-04-30 1999-04-15 Antenne für zwei Frequenzen für die Radiokommunikation in Form einer Mikrostreifenleiterantenne

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US (1) US6218990B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0954055B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH11340728A (de)
CN (1) CN1164008C (de)
AT (1) ATE371276T1 (de)
AU (1) AU743866B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2267536A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69936903T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2293713T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2778272B1 (de)
SG (1) SG90050A1 (de)
TW (1) TW419860B (de)

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FR2800920A1 (fr) * 1999-11-08 2001-05-11 Cit Alcatel Dispositif de transmission bi-bande et antenne pour ce dispositif
EP1241733A1 (de) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-18 Alcatel PIFA-Antenne mit Schlitzen

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FR2811479B1 (fr) * 2000-07-10 2005-01-21 Cit Alcatel Antenne a couche conductrice et dispositif de transmission bi-bande incluant cette antenne
JP4162993B2 (ja) * 2000-08-28 2008-10-08 イン４テル リミテッド 移動通信アンテナの低周波動作を増強するための装置および方法
US6747605B2 (en) 2001-05-07 2004-06-08 Atheros Communications, Inc. Planar high-frequency antenna
US6734828B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2004-05-11 Atheros Communications, Inc. Dual band planar high-frequency antenna
US6741219B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2004-05-25 Atheros Communications, Inc. Parallel-feed planar high-frequency antenna
FI115343B (fi) * 2001-10-22 2005-04-15 Filtronic Lk Oy Sisäinen monikaista-antenni
KR100500434B1 (ko) * 2002-04-10 2005-07-14 주식회사 선우커뮤니케이션 이동통신기기용 소형 미엔더 및 역 에프 구조를 이용한안테나
EP2237375A1 (de) * 2002-07-15 2010-10-06 Fractus, S.A. Notch-gespeiste Antenne
US6885343B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2005-04-26 Andrew Corporation Stripline parallel-series-fed proximity-coupled cavity backed patch antenna array
US7512404B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2009-03-31 Bandspeed, Inc. Method and apparatus for sector channelization and polarization for reduced interference in wireless networks
US7248877B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2007-07-24 Bandspeed, Inc. Multiple access wireless communications architecture
US7136655B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2006-11-14 Bandspeed, Inc. Method and apparatus for coverage and throughput enhancement in a wireless communication system
US6778141B1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-08-17 D-Link Corporation Patch antenna with increased bandwidth
JP2005051747A (ja) * 2003-07-14 2005-02-24 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd アンテナ装置およびその製造方法
KR100675383B1 (ko) 2004-01-05 2007-01-29 삼성전자주식회사 극소형 초광대역 마이크로스트립 안테나
US7042403B2 (en) * 2004-01-23 2006-05-09 General Motors Corporation Dual band, low profile omnidirectional antenna
JP4807413B2 (ja) * 2006-12-15 2011-11-02 株式会社村田製作所 アンテナおよびそのアンテナを備えた通信装置
EP2502310A1 (de) * 2009-11-19 2012-09-26 Hadronex, Llc Robustes antennensystem und verfahren
CN101771189B (zh) * 2009-12-12 2014-03-26 中国计量学院 宽带笔记本天线
CN101728647A (zh) * 2010-01-20 2010-06-09 刘智佳 小型化射频识别标签及其中的微带贴片天线
KR101801186B1 (ko) * 2011-02-25 2017-11-24 엘지전자 주식회사 이동 단말기
JP5475729B2 (ja) * 2011-08-26 2014-04-16 学校法人智香寺学園 板状逆ｆアンテナ
US9941584B2 (en) 2013-01-09 2018-04-10 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Reducing antenna array feed modules through controlled mutual coupling of a pixelated EM surface
WO2015163972A2 (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-10-29 Hrl Laboratories, Llc A reconfigurable electromagnetic surface of pixelated metal patches
DE102015100417A1 (de) 2015-01-13 2016-07-14 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Füllstands eines Mediums in einem Behälter
DE102015100415A1 (de) 2015-01-13 2016-07-14 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Füllstands eines Mediums
DE102015100414A1 (de) 2015-01-13 2016-07-14 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Füllstands eines Mediums in einem Behälter
TWI763017B (zh) 2020-08-28 2022-05-01 韋僑科技股份有限公司 用於金屬環境之天線結構與裝置
FR3118836B1 (fr) * 2021-01-11 2024-03-29 Hager Controls Dispositif d’antenne sur circuit imprimé et procédé de réalisation d’antenne(s) sur circuit(s) imprimé(s)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2800920A1 (fr) * 1999-11-08 2001-05-11 Cit Alcatel Dispositif de transmission bi-bande et antenne pour ce dispositif
WO2001035492A1 (fr) * 1999-11-08 2001-05-17 Alcatel Dispositif de transmission bi-bande et antenne pour ce dispositif
US6545640B1 (en) 1999-11-08 2003-04-08 Alcatel Dual-band transmission device and antenna therefor
EP1241733A1 (de) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-18 Alcatel PIFA-Antenne mit Schlitzen
FR2822301A1 (fr) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-20 Cit Alcatel Antenne a bande elargie pour appareils mobiles
US6798382B2 (en) 2001-03-15 2004-09-28 Alcatel Widened band antenna for mobile apparatus

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Publication number Publication date
SG90050A1 (en) 2002-07-23
ES2293713T3 (es) 2008-03-16
AU743866B2 (en) 2002-02-07
ATE371276T1 (de) 2007-09-15
FR2778272B1 (fr) 2000-09-08
TW419860B (en) 2001-01-21
EP0954055B1 (de) 2007-08-22
CN1164008C (zh) 2004-08-25
AU2399399A (en) 1999-11-11
DE69936903T2 (de) 2008-05-15
DE69936903D1 (de) 2007-10-04
US6218990B1 (en) 2001-04-17
CA2267536A1 (fr) 1999-10-30
JPH11340728A (ja) 1999-12-10
CN1241045A (zh) 2000-01-12
FR2778272A1 (fr) 1999-11-05

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