EP0953063B1 - Material for friction-stressed machine parts - Google Patents

Material for friction-stressed machine parts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0953063B1
EP0953063B1 EP97950019A EP97950019A EP0953063B1 EP 0953063 B1 EP0953063 B1 EP 0953063B1 EP 97950019 A EP97950019 A EP 97950019A EP 97950019 A EP97950019 A EP 97950019A EP 0953063 B1 EP0953063 B1 EP 0953063B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding
sliding bearing
material according
lubricated
ferritic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97950019A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0953063A1 (en
Inventor
Anja Dwars
Karl Gaffal
Wolfgang Prechtl
Jörg SCHRÖPFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB AG
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KSB AG
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Publication date
Application filed by KSB AG filed Critical KSB AG
Publication of EP0953063A1 publication Critical patent/EP0953063A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0953063B1 publication Critical patent/EP0953063B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cast material for slidingly stressed Machine parts, in particular on a material for fluid-lubricated plain bearings.
  • lubricated by the pumped medium various metallic and non-metallic materials used. So are used for plain bearings in which the pumped medium is pure water as a lubricant serves, metallic alloys, hard metals, ceramics, elastomers and hard rubber, but also electrographitized coal with and without resin impregnation or hard coal with resin or antimony impregnation used as the material. With the metallic Materials such as non-ferrous alloys are preferred Aluminum and copper alloys or white metals based on lead and tin and to a limited extent iron-based alloys.
  • Typical representatives for bearing materials based on Fe are martensitic chrome steels like X 13 CrMoS 13 with added sulfur or chilled alloys like the material G-X 120 CrMo 29 2 (1.4318). These alloys are characterized by a relative good wear resistance, but tend to eat when mixed.
  • the invention has for its object a metallic alloy based on iron to create that has a high permissible specific surface pressure, is very wear-resistant and its tendency to eat is low.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a cast material which the composition mentioned in claim 1 and a structure with ferritic, ferritic-pearlitic or bainitic matrix with simultaneous Presence of chromium carbides and free carbon.
  • a cast material which the composition mentioned in claim 1 and a structure with ferritic, ferritic-pearlitic or bainitic matrix with simultaneous Presence of chromium carbides and free carbon.
  • the advantage is a global formation of free carbon.
  • This material is primarily used for fluid-lubricated plain bearings, especially for those to be used in centrifugal pumps, due to the pumped liquid lubricated plain bearings recommended.
  • the casting material according to the invention with deposited chromium carbides and Free carbon shows a favorable friction behavior, especially when mixing and Dry friction.
  • the chromium carbides embedded in the structure increase the hardness Wear resistance, which results in a higher resistance than with hard phase-free materials and also for low-carbon, martensitic Steels. It is important to pay attention to a balanced carbide content, since one too low carbide content the wear resistance and the life of the Machine part would be reduced, while at too high a carbide content and a resulting high brittleness - especially in the case of a connected carbide network - the energy input in mixing and Dry friction could lead to thermal stress cracks.
  • the graphite network is resistant to cancellous bone.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A material for casting friction-stressed machine parts is disclosed, in particular fluid-lubricated friction bearings. A material with a high admissible surface pressure, reduced wear and low tendency to gripping is obtained by using (a) a composition (in wt %) of 1.5-12.0 Cr; </= 5.0 Ni; </= 2.0 Mo; </= 3.0 Si; </= 1.0 Mn and 3.0-5.0 C, iron and casting impurities making up the remaining percentage, and (b) a structure composed of a ferritic, ferritic-perlitic or bainitic matrix in which chromium carbides and free carbon are also present.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Gußwerkstoff für gleitend beanspruchte Maschinenteile, insbesondere auf einen Werkstoff für fluidgeschmierte Gleitlager.The invention relates to a cast material for slidingly stressed Machine parts, in particular on a material for fluid-lubricated plain bearings.

Für fluidgeschmierte Gleitlager, zu denen beispielsweise die in Kreiselpumpen verwendeten, vom Fördermedium geschmierten Gleitlager gehören, werden die verschiedensten metallischen und nichtmetallischen Werkstoffe verwendet. So werden bei Gleitlagern, bei denen das Fördermedium Reinwasser als Schmiermittel dient, metallische Legierungen, Hartmetalle, Keramiken, Elastomere und Hartgummi, aber auch elektrographitierte Kohle mit und ohne Kunstharztränkung oder Hartkohle mit Kunstharz- bzw. Antimontränkung als Werkstoff eingesetzt. Bei den metallischen Werkstoffen verwendet man bevorzugt Nicht-Eisenbasis-Legierungen wie Aluminium- und Kupferlegierungen oder Weißmetalle auf Blei- und Zinngrundlage sowie in eingeschränktem Maß Eisenbasis-Legierungen.For fluid-lubricated plain bearings, for example those in centrifugal pumps slide bearings used, lubricated by the pumped medium various metallic and non-metallic materials used. So are used for plain bearings in which the pumped medium is pure water as a lubricant serves, metallic alloys, hard metals, ceramics, elastomers and hard rubber, but also electrographitized coal with and without resin impregnation or hard coal with resin or antimony impregnation used as the material. With the metallic Materials such as non-ferrous alloys are preferred Aluminum and copper alloys or white metals based on lead and tin and to a limited extent iron-based alloys.

Typische Vertreter für Lagerwerkstoffe auf Fe-Basis sind martensitische Chromstähle wie X 13 CrMoS 13 mit Schwefel-Zusatz oder Hartgußlegierungen wie der Werkstoff G-X 120 CrMo 29 2 (1.4318). Diese Legierungen zeichnen sich durch eine relativ gute Verschleißbeständigkeit aus, neigen jedoch bei Mischreibung zum Fressen. Typical representatives for bearing materials based on Fe are martensitic chrome steels like X 13 CrMoS 13 with added sulfur or chilled alloys like the material G-X 120 CrMo 29 2 (1.4318). These alloys are characterized by a relative good wear resistance, but tend to eat when mixed.

Demgegenüber haben die Werkstoffe Grau- und Sphäroguß aufgrund des eingelagerten Graphits, welcher als Schmiermittel wirkt, sehr gute Notlaufeigenschaften. Die zulässige spezifische Flächenpressung dieser Werkstoffe ist jedoch ebenso wie die Verschleißbeständigkeit sehr niedrig, so daß die Einsatzbereiche solcher Lager stark eingeschränkt sind.In contrast, the materials gray and nodular cast iron due to the embedded graphite, which acts as a lubricant, very good Emergency running properties. The permissible specific surface pressure of these materials However, like the wear resistance, it is very low, so that the Areas of application of such bearings are severely restricted.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine metallische Legierung auf Eisen-Basis zu schaffen, die eine hohe zulässige spezifische Flächenpressung besitzt, dabei sehr verschleißbeständig ist und deren Neigung zum Fressen gering ist.The invention has for its object a metallic alloy based on iron to create that has a high permissible specific surface pressure, is very wear-resistant and its tendency to eat is low.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen Gußwerkstoff, der die im Patentanspruch 1 genannte Zusammensetzung und einen Gefügeaufbau mit ferritischer, ferritisch-perlitischer oder bainitischer Matrix bei gleichzeitiger Anwesenheit von Chromcarbiden und freiem Kohlenstoff besitzt. Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine globulare Ausbildung des freien Kohlenstoffs.The object is achieved according to the invention by a cast material which the composition mentioned in claim 1 and a structure with ferritic, ferritic-pearlitic or bainitic matrix with simultaneous Presence of chromium carbides and free carbon. Of special The advantage is a global formation of free carbon.

Eine Verwendung dieses Werkstoffs ist vor allem für fluidgeschmierte Gleitlager, insbesondere für in Kreiselpumpen einzusetzende, durch die Förderflüssigkeit geschmierte Gleitlager zu empfehlen.This material is primarily used for fluid-lubricated plain bearings, especially for those to be used in centrifugal pumps, due to the pumped liquid lubricated plain bearings recommended.

Die Oberflächenhärtung eines aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Gußwerkstoff hergestellten Maschinenteils, wie z. B. eine Nitrierung, wirkt sich günstig auf die Standzeit aus.The surface hardening of a cast material according to the invention manufactured machine part, such as. B. nitriding, has a beneficial effect on the Downtime.

In fluidgeschmierten Gleitlagern ist die Eigenpaarung mit dieser Legierung möglich; als Gleitpartner kommen aber auch harte Werkstoffe, wie Metalle und Keramiken, und weiche Werkstoffe, wie Kohle und CFC, in Frage. In fluid-lubricated plain bearings, self-mating with this alloy is possible; hard materials such as metals and ceramics also come as sliding partners, and soft materials such as coal and CFC.

Der erfindungsgemäße Gußwerkstoff mit ausgeschiedenen Chromcarbiden und freiem Kohlenstoff zeigt ein günstiges Reibverhalten besonders bei Misch- und Trockenreibung.The casting material according to the invention with deposited chromium carbides and Free carbon shows a favorable friction behavior, especially when mixing and Dry friction.

Die im Gefüge eingelagerten Chromcarbide erhöhen aufgrund ihrer hohen Härte die Verschleißfestigkeit, wodurch eine höhere Beständigkeit erreicht wird als bei hartphasenfreien Werkstoffen und auch bei kohlenstoffarmen, martensitischen Stählen. Zu achten ist auf einen ausgewogenen Carbidgehalt, da bei einem zu niedrigen Carbidgehalt die Verschleißbeständigkeit und die Lebensdauer des Maschinenteiles verringert würden, während bei einem zu hohen Carbidgehalt und einer daraus resultierenden hohen Sprödigkeit - insbesondere im Falle eines zusammenhängenden Carbidnetzes - der Energieeintrag bei Misch- und Trockenreibung zu Wärmespannungsrissen führen könnte.The chromium carbides embedded in the structure increase the hardness Wear resistance, which results in a higher resistance than with hard phase-free materials and also for low-carbon, martensitic Steels. It is important to pay attention to a balanced carbide content, since one too low carbide content the wear resistance and the life of the Machine part would be reduced, while at too high a carbide content and a resulting high brittleness - especially in the case of a connected carbide network - the energy input in mixing and Dry friction could lead to thermal stress cracks.

Die Wirkung von Kohlenstoff als Trockenschmiermittel zur Verbesserung der Notlaufeigenschaften von Gleitlagern ist bekannt. Im Gegensatz zu Hartgußsorten ist daher beim erfindungsgemäßen Werkstoff der Chrom- und Kohlenstoffgehalt so eingestellt, daß nach Bildung der Carbide noch ein für Schmierzwecke ausreichender, nicht abgebundener Anteil an freiem Kohlenstoff im Gefüge vorhanden ist. Ist dieser freie Kohlenstoff globular ausgebildet, liegt er also in Form von Sphärolithen vor, so entstehen nach dessen an der Oberfläche des Maschinenteils erfolgten Verbrauch Poren, welche Fluid aufnehmen und somit als Schmiertaschen wirken.The effect of carbon as a dry lubricant to improve the Emergency running properties of plain bearings are known. In contrast to chilled cast iron grades therefore the chromium and carbon content in the material according to the invention set that after formation of the carbide another one for lubrication purposes sufficient, not set part of free carbon in the structure is available. If this free carbon is globular, it is in shape of spherulites before, then arise on the surface of the Part of the machine consumed pores, which absorb fluid and thus as Lubrication pockets work.

Durch die Vermeidung des für Grauguß charakteristischen zusammenhängenden Graphitnetzwerks ist die Legierung spongiosebeständig.By avoiding the coherent characteristic of gray cast iron The graphite network is resistant to cancellous bone.

Claims (8)

  1. Casting material for friction-stressed machine parts, in particular for fluid-lubricated sliding bearings, characterized by
    a) a composition in % by weight of 1.5 - 12.0 Cr ≤ 5.0 Ni ≤ 2.0 Mo ≤ 3.0 Si ≤ 1.0 Mn 3.0 - 5.0 C Remainder: Fe and smelting-related impurities
    b) a microstructure with a ferritic, ferritic-pearlitic or bainitic matrix with the simultaneous presence of chromium carbides and free carbon.
  2. Casting material according to Claim 1, characterized by a globular formation of the free carbon.
  3. Use of the material according to Claim 1 or 2 for fluid-lubricated sliding bearings, in particular for sliding bearings which are to be used in centrifugal pumps and are lubricated by the pumped liquid.
  4. Machine part made from a material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by a hardened surface.
  5. Machine part according to Claim 4, characterized in that its surface is hardened by nitriding.
  6. Sliding bearing arrangement having a sliding bearing made from a material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding bearing is the sliding partner of a part which consists of a material of the same type.
  7. Sliding bearing arrangement having a sliding bearing made from a material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding bearing is the sliding partner of a part which consists of a hard material, in particular of metal or ceramic.
  8. Sliding bearing arrangement having a sliding bearing made from a material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding bearing is the sliding partner of a part which consists of a soft material, in particular of carbon or CFC.
EP97950019A 1996-10-24 1997-10-22 Material for friction-stressed machine parts Expired - Lifetime EP0953063B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19644204A DE19644204A1 (en) 1996-10-24 1996-10-24 Material for sliding machine parts
DE19644204 1996-10-24
PCT/EP1997/005841 WO1998017834A1 (en) 1996-10-24 1997-10-22 Material for friction-stressed machine parts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0953063A1 EP0953063A1 (en) 1999-11-03
EP0953063B1 true EP0953063B1 (en) 2000-08-16

Family

ID=7809865

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EP97950019A Expired - Lifetime EP0953063B1 (en) 1996-10-24 1997-10-22 Material for friction-stressed machine parts

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EP (1) EP0953063B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE195558T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19644204A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998017834A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017216762A1 (en) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-21 Thyssenkrupp Ag Material and manufacturing process for rolling bearing components

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1973263A (en) * 1930-01-08 1934-09-11 Bonney Floyd Co Method of producing pearlitic cast iron
US1910034A (en) * 1930-01-08 1933-05-23 Bonney Floyd Co Pearlitic cast iron and method of producing the same
US1972082A (en) * 1931-06-13 1934-09-04 Nitricastiron Corp Surface hardened cast iron article of manufacture
US1924344A (en) * 1931-06-13 1933-08-29 Nitricastiron Corp Surface hardened cast iron article of manufacture
DE1608212A1 (en) * 1968-03-09 1970-12-03 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh Iron carbon cast alloy
CH585861A5 (en) * 1972-04-20 1977-03-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE2428821C3 (en) * 1974-06-14 1985-11-14 Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid Wear-resistant cast iron alloy with lamellar to nodular graphite precipitation
BE881593A (en) * 1980-02-07 1980-08-07 Thome Cromback Acieries PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FERROUS ALLOY GRINDING BODIES AND NEW GRINDING BODIES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS
JPS6156711A (en) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-22 Hitachi Ltd Work roll for rolling and its manufacture
EP0178894A3 (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-06-24 BRADLEY &amp; FOSTER LIMITED A method of heat treating high chromium cast ferrous-based alloys and a wearing element formed of a high chromium cast ferrous based alloy
EP0430241B1 (en) * 1989-11-30 1996-01-10 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Wear-resistant compound roll

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998017834A1 (en) 1998-04-30
DE19644204A1 (en) 1998-04-30
DE59702221D1 (en) 2000-09-21
ATE195558T1 (en) 2000-09-15
EP0953063A1 (en) 1999-11-03

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