EP0948518B1 - Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding cancer associated antigen, the antigen itself, and uses thereof - Google Patents

Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding cancer associated antigen, the antigen itself, and uses thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0948518B1
EP0948518B1 EP97941626A EP97941626A EP0948518B1 EP 0948518 B1 EP0948518 B1 EP 0948518B1 EP 97941626 A EP97941626 A EP 97941626A EP 97941626 A EP97941626 A EP 97941626A EP 0948518 B1 EP0948518 B1 EP 0948518B1
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antibody
isolated
nucleic acid
cell line
fragment
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French (fr)
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EP0948518A1 (en
EP0948518A4 (en
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Yao-Tseng Chen
Matthew Scanlan
Ali Gure
Lloyd J. Old
Elke Jager
Alexander Knuth
Jan W. Uni. Hos. Leiden DRIJFHOUT
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Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research New York
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Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research New York
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
    • C07H21/04—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
    • C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an antigen associated with cancer, and the nucleic acid molecule encoding it, as well as the uses of these.
  • pathological conditions such as infections, cancer, autoimmune disorders, etc.
  • these molecules thus serve as "markers” for a particular pathological or abnormal condition.
  • diagnostic "targets” i.e., materials to be identified to diagnose these abnormal conditions
  • the molecules serve as reagents which can be used to generate diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents.
  • a by no means limiting example of this is the use of cancer markers to produce antibodies specific to a particular marker.
  • Yet another non-limiting example is the use of a peptide which complexes with an MHC molecule, to generate cytolytic T cells against abnormal cells.
  • the biochemical approach is based on acidic elution of peptides which have bound to MHC-class I molecules of tumor cells, followed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromography (HPLC).
  • Antigenic peptides are identified after they bind to empty MHC-class I molecules of mutant cell lines, defective in antigen processing, and induce specific reactions with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. These reactions include induction of CTL proliferation, TNF release, and lysis of target cells, measurable in an MTT assay, or a 51 Cr release assay.
  • the methodologies described rely on the availability of established, permanent cell lines of the cancer type under consideration. It is very difficult to establish cell lines from certain cancer types, as is shown by, e.g., Oettgen, et al., Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North. Am. 10: 607-637 (1990). It is also known that some epithelial cell type cancers are poorly susceptible to CTLs in vitro, precluding routine analysis. These problems have stimulated the art to develop additional methodologies for identifying cancer associated antigens.
  • the SEREX methodology has been applied to esophageal cancer samples, and an antigen has now been identified, and its encoding nucleic acid molecule isolated and cloned.
  • the antigen has been found to have more widespread distribution cancer, but had not been found in non-cancerous cells. This, inter alia, is the subject of the invention, which is described in more detail in the disclosure which follows.
  • RNA was extracted from a snap frozen specimen of well to moderately differentiated squamous cell cancer of the esophagus, using well known methods. See, e.g., Chomzynski, J. Analyt. Biochem. 162: 156-159 (1987), for one such method. This RNA was used to prepare a cDNA library which was then transfected into ⁇ ZAP phage vectors, in accordance with the manufacturer's instruction. The ⁇ ZAP library was then transfected into E . coli , yielding 1.6x10 6 primary isolates.
  • the depleted serum was then diluted, and mixed with nitrocellulose membranes containing phage plaques.
  • the plaques were incubated overnight, at room temperature. Washing followed, and then the filters were incubated with alkaline phosphatase conjugated goat anti human FC ⁇ secondary antibodies, and reactive phage plaques were visualized by incubating with 5-bromo-4-chloro-indolyl phosphate and nitroblue tetrazolium. A total of 13 positive clones were found.
  • the reactive clones were subcloned to monoclonality via dilution cloning and testing with human serum. These clones were then purified, excised in vitro , and converted into pBK-CMV plasmid forms, using the manufacturer's instructions. The inserted DNA was then evaluated using EcoRI-XbaI restriction mapping to determine different inserts. Eight different inserts were identified, ranging in size from about 500 to about 1.3 kilobase pairs. The clones were sequenced using an ABI PRISM automated sequencer.
  • Table 1 summarizes the results. One gene was represented by four overlapping clones, a second by three overlapping clones, and the remaining six by one clone only.
  • NY-ESO-6 (cDNA), appears to be the 3'-untranslated portion of the FUS/TLS gene. In experiments not reported here, sequencing and Southern Blot analysis of NY-ESO-6 showed no evidence of translocation or point mutations in the cancer.
  • Four of the clones, i.e., NY-ESO-1, 4, 5 and 8 showed no strong homology to sequences in the databases examined, and were thus studied further.
  • NY-ESO-1 was found to be expressed in tumor mRNA and in testis, but not normal colon, kidney, liver or brain tissue. This pattern of expression is consistent with other tumor rejection antigen precursors.
  • RT-PCR assay set forth supra was carried out for NY-ESO-1 over a much more complete set of normal and tumor tissues. Tables 2, 3 and 4 show these results. In brief, NY-ESO-1 was found to be highly expressed in normal testis and ovary cells. Small amounts of RT-PCR production were found in normal uterine myometrium, and not endometrium, but the positive showing was not consistent. Squamous epithelium of various cell types, including normal esophagus and skin, were also negative.
  • RNA blot analysis was then carried out to investigate the size of the NY-ESO-1 transcript, and to confirm tissue expression patterns.
  • the methodology of Ausubel, et al., Current Protocols In Molecular Biology (John Wiley & Sons, 1995) was used. To be specific, 20 ug of total RNA per lane were dissolved in a formamide and formaldehyde containing buffer, heated to 65°C, and then separated on a 1.2% agarose gel, with 3% formaldehyde, followed by transfer to nitrocellulose paper. Hybridization was then carried out using a 32 P labelled probe, followed by high stringency washing. The final wash was at 0.1xSSC, 0.1% SDS, 60°C, for 15 minutes.
  • An esophageal carcinoma specimen showed a smear in the 0.4-0.9 kb range, reflecting partial degradation.
  • RNA from additional tissues or cell lines tested showed no transcript.
  • the esophageal cDNA library was rescreened, using plaque hybridization, and the original cDNA clone as the hybridization probe. When 3x10 5 clones were screened, six positives were found. The three longest clones were sequenced. Analysis of open reading frames showed that all three contained the entire coding region, and 5'-untranslated regions of variable size. The longest clone, 755 base pairs in length, (excluding polyA), contains a 543 base pair coding region, together with 53 untranslated bases at the 5' end and 151 untranslated base pairs at the 3'-end. See SEQ ID NO: 1 (also, Figure 3).
  • a melanoma cell line "NW-MEL-38" was established, in 1995, from a patient who suffered from malignant melanoma. Serum samples, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and tumor samples, were taken from the subject and frozen, until the work described herein was carried out. In anticipation of evaluating antitumor T cell response in this patient, the patient was HLA typed as HLA-A1 and HLA-A2.
  • the cDNA was then used in RT-PCR experiments, using the following primers: and These primers should amplify a segment of SEQ ID NO: 1 which spans nucleotides 271 to 599.
  • Amplification was carried out over 35 cycles, using an annealing temperature of 60°C.
  • the PCR products were visualized via ethidium bromide staining, on a 1.5% agarose gel.
  • the isolated cDNA molecule discussed supra , was then used to make recombinant protein. Specifically, the cDNA was PCR amplified, using standard techniques, and was then cloned into a commercially available plasmid vector, i.e., pQE9, which contains His tags. In work not elaborated upon herein, a second vector, pQE9K was also used. This differs from PQE9 in that kanamycin resistance is imparted by pQE9K, rather than ampicillin resistance.
  • the plasmid vector was transformed into E. coli strain XL1-Blue, and positive transformants were identified via restriction mapping and DNA sequencing. Production of recombinant protein was induced using isopropyl ⁇ -D-thiogalactoside, and the protein was purified on an Ni 2+ ion chromatography column, following well known procedures. The protein when analyzed via 15% SDS-PAGE and silver staining, was identified as a protein with a molecular weight of about 22 kilodaltons. This is consistent with the anticipated size of the protein from its sequence.
  • Eukaryotic transfectants were then produced. To do this, the NY-ESO-1 coding sequence was isolated from the pQE9 vector described supra, and then cloned into BamHI-HindIII sites of eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3.1. Next, COS-7 cells were transfected with this vector, by contacting cell samples with 150 ng of the plasmid discussed supra , and 150 ng of plasmid pcDNA 1 Amp, which contained either cDNA for HLA-A2.1 or cDNA for HLA-A1, The well known DEAE-dextran chloroquine method was used. The cells were then incubated at 37°C, for 48 hours, after which they were tested in a CTL stimulation assay.
  • the CTLs used were CTL NW38-IVS-1, prepared in accordance with Knuth et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 3511-3515 (1984), incorporated by reference. Specifically, mixed lymphocyte T cell cultures were set up, by combining 10 5 autologous NW38 MEL-1 tumor cells, and 10 6 peripheral blood lymphocytes, taken from the subject. The cytokine IL-2 was added, and the mixed culture was incubated for one week at 37°C. Tumor cells were removed, and a new aliquot of 5x10 4 tumor cells were added together with IL-2. This process was repeated weekly, until a strong response was seen when tested against 51 Cr labelled NW-MEL-38 cells. The responder T cells were collected and frozen until used in further experiments.
  • recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein 1 ug of recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein, or 5 ul of cell lysates of either type were diluted in SDS and boiled for five minutes, and then electrophoresed on a 15% SDS gel. After overnight blotting on nitrocellulose (0.45 um), and blocking with 3% BSA, the blots were incubated with serum, diluted at 1:1000, 1:10,000, and 1:100,000, or with a monoclonal antibody against NY-ESO-1, diluted to 1:50, as a positive control.
  • the monoclonal antibody was prepared as follows. BALB/C mice were immunized via five subcutaneous injections of recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein, at 2-3 week intervals.
  • the immunizing formulation included 50 ug of recombinant protein in adjuvant.
  • the first injection used Complete Freund's Adjuvant, and Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant was used thereafter.
  • Spleen cells were taken from the immunized mice, and fused with mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0, to generate hybridomas.
  • hybridomas were generated, they were cloned, and their supernants were screened against recombinant protein, using a standard solid phase ELISA on microtiter plates. The assay was in accordance with Dippold et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 6114-6118 (1980), incorporated by reference. A series of negative controls were also run, using recombinant NY-ESO-1. Serum antibodies which bound to recombinant protein, produced by E. coli as described, supra were visualized using goat anti-human IgG, labelled with alkaline phosphatase at 1:10,000 dilution, and were then visualized with NBT-phosphate. Untransfected COS-7 cells were also used as a control. Serum from a healthy individual was also used as a control.
  • cytolytic T cell line “NW38-IVS-1” was used. This "CTL” was generated, via in vitro stimulation of the peripheral blood lymphocytes mentioned supra, using the tumor cell line NW-MEL-38. This was done using standard techniques.
  • the CTL was used in a cytotoxicity assay with NW-MEL-38 (which was HLA-A1, A2 positive, and NY-ESO-1 positive), along with two allogeneic cell lines which were NY-ESO-1 and HLA-A2 positive (SK-MEL-37 and MZ-MEL-19), a cell line which is MHC Class I negative (SK-MEL-19), a cell line which is HLA-A2 positive, but NY-ESO-1 negative (NW-MEL-145), along with control cell lines K562 and autologous phytohemagglutinin stimulated blasts.
  • Various effector/target ratios were used, and lysis of 51 Cr labelled target cells was the parameter measured. Figure 5 shows this.
  • T2 cell line CEMX721.174.T2
  • T2 cell line CEMX721.174.T2
  • T2 cell line CEMX721.174.T2
  • Samples of T2 cells were labelled with 100 uCi of Na( 51 Cr)O 4 , using standard methods, and were then washed three times, followed by incubation with 10 ug/ml peptide and 2.5 ug/ml of ⁇ 2-microglobulin. Incubation was for one hour, at room temperature.
  • responder cells 100 ul of a suspension of CTL NW38-IVS-1 were added, at an effector/target ratio of 90:1, and incubated for four hours in a water saturated atmosphere, with 5% CO 2 , at 37°C. Then, plates were centrifuged at 200xg for five minutes, 100 ul of supernatant was removed, and radioactivity was measured. The percentage of 51 Cr release was determined in accordance with known strategies. It was found that the peptides SLLMWITQCFL (SEQ ID NO: 4), SLLMWITQC (SEQ ID NO: 5), and QLSLLMWIT (SEQ ID NO: 6), were the three best stimulators of CTLs. Comparable results were found when NW-MEL-38 and cell lines SK-MEL-37 and MZ-MEL-19 were used as targets, as is shown, supra .
  • nucleic acid molecule which encodes an esophageal cancer associated antigen. "Associated” is used herein because while it is clear that the relevant molecule was expressed by esophageal cancer, other cancers, such as melanoma, breast, prostate and lung also express the antigen.
  • the invention relates to those nucleic acid molecules which encode antigens as described, and which hybridize to reference sequence SEQ ID NO: 1 under stringent conditions.
  • Stringent conditions refers to conditions such as those specified in U.S. Patent No. 5,342,774, i.e., 18 hours of hybridization at 65°C, followed by four one hour washes at 2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, and a final wash at 0.2xSSC, more preferably 0.1xSSC, 0.1% SDS for 30 minutes, as well as alternate conditions which afford the same level of stringency, and more stringent conditions.
  • expression vectors which incorporate the nucleic acid molecules of the invention, in operable linkage (i.e., "operably linked") to a promoter. Construction of such vectors is well within the skill of the art, as is the transformation or transfection of cells, to produce eukaryotic cell lines, or prokaryotic cell strains which encode the molecule of interest.
  • Exemplary of the host cells which can be employed in this fashion are COS cells, CHO cells, yeast cells, insect cells (e.g., Spodolptera frugiperda ), NIH 3T3 cells, and so forth.
  • Prokaryotic cells such as E . coli and other bacteria may also be used.
  • the antigen described herein is also a part of the invention as well as hybridizing which make the monoclonal antibody. It can be used therapeutically as the whole protein, or in portions, as discussed infra .
  • antibodies against this antigen be these polyclonal, monoclonal, reactive fragments, such as Fab, F(ab) 2 ' and other fragments, as well as chimeras, humanized antibodies, recombinantly produced antibodies, and so forth.
  • the proteins and nucleic acid molecules of the invention diagnostically.
  • the SEREX methodology discussed herein is premised on an immune response to a pathology associated antigen.
  • one may assay for the relevant pathology via, e.g., testing a body fluid sample of a subject, such as serum, for reactivity with the antigen per se. Reactivity would be deemed indicative of possible presence of the pathology so, too, could one assay for the expression of the antigen via any of the standard nucleic acid hybridization assays which are well known to the art, and need not be elaborated upon herein.
  • SEQ ID NO: 1 Analysis of SEQ ID NO: 1 will show that there are 5' and 3' non coding regions presented therein.
  • the invention relates to those isolated nucleic acid molecules which contain at least the coding segment, i.e., nucleotides 54-593, and which may contain any or all of nucleotides 1-53 and/or 594-747 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • the invention relates to compositions useful in a therapeutic method, wherein one or more peptides which bind to an HLA molecule on the surface of a patient's tumor cells are administered to the patient, in an amount sufficient for the peptides to bind to the MHC/HLA molecules, and provoke lysis by T cells.
  • the exemplification given supra for HLA-A2 molecules is by no means the only type of this administration that can be used.
  • peptides may be used. These peptides, which may be used alone or in combination, as well as the entire protein or immunoreactive portions thereof, may be administered to a subject in need thereof, using any of the standard types of administration, such as intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral, rectal, and transdermal administration. Standard pharmaceutical carriers, adjuvants, such as saponins, GM-CSF, and interleukins and so forth may also be used. Further, these peptides and proteins may be formulated into vaccines with the listed material, as may dendritic cells, or other cells which present relevant MHC/peptide complexes.
  • the invention relates to compositions useful in therapies wherein the nucleic acid molecule which encodes NY-ESO-1 is incorporated into a vector, such as an adenovirus based vector, to render it transfectable into eukaryotic cells, such as human cells.
  • a vector such as an adenovirus based vector
  • nucleic acid molecules which encode one or more of the peptides may be incorporated into these vectors, which are then the major constituent of nucleic acid bases therapies.
  • any of these assays can also be used in progression/regression studies.
  • the invention involves, inter alia, the recognition of an "integrated" immune response to the NY-ESO molecule.
  • a subject in need of the therapy receives a vaccination of a type described herein.
  • a vaccination results, e.g., in a T cell response against cells presenting HLA/peptide complexes on their cells.
  • the response also includes an antibody response, possibly a result of the release of antibody provoking proteins via the lysis of cells by the T cells.
  • one can monitor the effect of a vaccine by monitoring an antibody response.
  • a further aspect of the invention is a method for monitoring efficacy of a vaccine, following administration thereof, by determining levels of antibodies in the subject which are specific for the vaccine itself, or a large molecules of which the vaccine is a part.
  • compositions relating to the treatment of conditions which are characterized by aberrant or abnormal levels of NY-ESO-1 proteins via administration of antibodies, such as humanized antibodies, antibody fragments, and so forth. These may be tagged or labelled with appropriate cystostatic or cytotoxic reagents.
  • compositions of the invention may be for use in methods wherein T cells may also be administered. It is to be noted that the T cells may be elicited in vitro using immune responsive cells such as dendritic cells, lymphocytes, or any other immune responsive cells, and then reperfused into the subject being treated.
  • immune responsive cells such as dendritic cells, lymphocytes, or any other immune responsive cells
  • T cells and/or antibodies can also be accomplished by administering cells, preferably treated to be rendered non-proliferative, which present relevant T cell or B cell epitopes for response, such as the epitopes discussed supra.
  • the therapeutic approaches may also include antisense therapies, wherein an antisense molecule, preferably from 10 to 100 nucleotides in length, is administered to the subject either "neat” or in a carrier, such as a liposome, to facilitate incorporation into a cell, followed by inhibition of expression of the protein.
  • antisense sequences may also be incorporated into appropriate vaccines, such as in viral vectors (e.g., Vaccinia), bacterial constructs, such as variants of the known BCG vaccine, and so forth.
  • peptides which can be nonamers, decamers, or undecamers defined as having a core sequence: which have at least one additional residue terminal to the first L residue, preferably serine and may have as many as three, wherein Serine is linked to L to form -SL-, and 0-4 additional amino acids at the C-terminus which, as shown supra, bind to HLA-A2 molecules, thereby provoking a CTL response.
  • These peptides may be used therapeutically, via administration to a patient who is HLA-A2 positive, and expresses NY-ESO-1 in connection with a pathology, as well as diagnostically, i.e., to determine if HLA-A2 positive cells are present, or if relevant CTLs are present, and so forth.
  • the HLA-A2 molecule is an MHC Class I molecule
  • T cells which respond to complexes of peptides and class I molecules are generally CD8 + cells.
  • Another subset of T cells, CD4 + cells responds to complexes of MHC-Class II molecules and peptides, and MHC-Class II restricted CD4 + T cell responses against recombinant NY-ESO-1, presented by autologous cultured dendritic cells have been detected in melanoma patients.
  • CD4 + cells were separated from other cells from PBLs or serum samples, using well known techniques. Then, they were admixed with dendritic cells which had been pulsed with NY-ESO-1 protein.
  • CD4 + T cells Proliferation of CD4 + cells was observed, bringing another facet to the integrated immune response discussed herein.
  • a further aspect of this invention are these CD4 + T cells, peptides which bind to the MHC-Class II molecules, and their use in therapy.

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EP97941626A 1996-10-03 1997-09-15 Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding cancer associated antigen, the antigen itself, and uses thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0948518B1 (en)

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US08/725,182 US5804381A (en) 1996-10-03 1996-10-03 Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding an esophageal cancer associated antigen, the antigen itself, and uses thereof
US725182 1996-10-03
PCT/US1997/016335 WO1998014464A1 (en) 1996-10-03 1997-09-15 Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding cancer associated antigen, the antigen itself, and uses thereof

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EP0948518A1 EP0948518A1 (en) 1999-10-13
EP0948518A4 EP0948518A4 (en) 2002-01-02
EP0948518B1 true EP0948518B1 (en) 2004-03-03

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US6723832B1 (en) * 1996-10-03 2004-04-20 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Isolated peptides corresponding to amino acid sequences of NY-ESO-1, which bind to MHC Class I and MHC Class II molecules, and uses thereof
US6417165B1 (en) 1988-03-27 2002-07-09 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research NY-ESO-1-peptide derivatives, and uses thereof
US7888100B2 (en) * 1996-10-03 2011-02-15 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Research Isolated nucleic acid molecules which encode immunogenic portions of NY-ESO-1 protein
US6255470B1 (en) * 1996-10-03 2001-07-03 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding an esophageal cancer associated antigen
US6251603B1 (en) * 1996-10-03 2001-06-26 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Method for determining status of a cancerous condition by determining antibodies to NY-ESO-1 in a patient sample
PT970206E (pt) * 1997-01-27 2008-10-28 Ludwig Inst Cancer Res Ácidos nucleicos lage-1 associados a tumores
US6794131B1 (en) * 1998-01-27 2004-09-21 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Lage-1 tumor associated nucleic acids
US6673350B2 (en) * 1997-05-05 2004-01-06 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Tumor associated peptide and uses thereof
US6287756B1 (en) * 1997-05-05 2001-09-11 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Methods for determining presence of cancer in a sample by determining expression of an SSX gene
US6994851B1 (en) 1997-07-10 2006-02-07 Mannkind Corporation Method of inducing a CTL response
US6977074B2 (en) 1997-07-10 2005-12-20 Mannkind Corporation Method of inducing a CTL response
US7084239B1 (en) 1997-10-08 2006-08-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Cancer peptides of NY-ESO-1/CAG-3
WO1999018206A2 (en) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-15 The Government Of The United States Of America, Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Human cancer antigen ny eso-1/cag-3 and gene encoding same
EP1806403A3 (en) * 1997-10-08 2008-01-23 THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, as represented by THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Human cancer antigen NY ESO 1/CAG-3 and gene encoding same
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