EP0938251B1 - Device for producing an atom -or radical beam - Google Patents

Device for producing an atom -or radical beam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0938251B1
EP0938251B1 EP99102070A EP99102070A EP0938251B1 EP 0938251 B1 EP0938251 B1 EP 0938251B1 EP 99102070 A EP99102070 A EP 99102070A EP 99102070 A EP99102070 A EP 99102070A EP 0938251 B1 EP0938251 B1 EP 0938251B1
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Prior art keywords
tube
heating
heating wire
gas
outlet opening
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EP99102070A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0938251A2 (en
EP0938251A3 (en
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Karl G. Dr. Tschersich
Johannes Fleischhauer
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Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
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Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H3/00Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
    • H05H3/02Molecular or atomic beam generation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for Generation of a beam of atoms or radicals thermal dissociation of a gas, with a pipe, the can be connected at one end to a gas source and has a gas outlet opening at its other end, and a heater to heat the pipe.
  • This type of heating by electron bombardment has although the advantage that a relatively large heating capacity can be applied to the pipe.
  • it is associated with the disadvantage that to generate the voltage between the filament and the tube Filament near earth potential and the tube on positive Must be high voltage.
  • the accelerated towards the pipe Electrons therefore have sufficient energy near the tube for impact ionization of the gas outlet opening the pipe emerging gas and the residual gas.
  • the resulting positive ions are from the tube accelerated away, whereby they can cross the atomic beam and then an undesirable impurity because of its high energy of the atomic beam.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for Generation of a beam of atoms or radicals thermal dissociation of a gas of the aforementioned Kind so that contamination of the atomic beam largely avoided and at the same time the Effort for electrical supply and electrical Isolation is low.
  • the Heating device at least one heating wire for heating of the tube by heat radiation and the Heating wire the pipe in the area of the gas outlet opening Making an electrical contact touched in but the rest surrounds by far.
  • heating the pipe to that for thermal dissociation temperature of a gas not as in State of the art through electron bombardment but through heat radiation. This allows the use disadvantages associated with electron bombardment a shock ionization of the emerging from the mouth Gas through the accelerated electrons respectively avoided the need for an electron reflector become.
  • the Heating wire for example, helical can be in the area of the gas outlet opening in at least one turn ends, the tight turn the Tube surrounds and abuts this to an electrical To make contact with this.
  • the pipe serves as a support for the heating wire in the area of the Gas outlet opening, which can be prevented the heating wire deforms in the hot state in such a way that in the area where it surrounds the pipe at a distance a short circuit to the tube takes place, through which then Parts of the heating wire no longer flow through the current would.
  • a short circuit to heat reflectors such as Radiation sheets that form the tube and the Can surround the heating wire in areas to the from Heating wire to effectively use ohmic heat. The risk of such a short circuit would in particular then exist if in deviation from the described Design of the heating wire never touch the pipe would and completely isolated from this would be built up.
  • an inventive Device for generating a beam of atoms or radicals by thermal dissociation of one Gases shown.
  • this device used to make hydrogen gas by exposure to heat to decompose and so a stream of hydrogen atoms form.
  • Thermal dissociation is achieved by the gas to be dissociated passed through a pipe 1 and thereby to a temperature leading to the decomposition of the gas, which can be in the range from 1500 to 2500 K, is heated.
  • the device has a tube 1 on, which is connected at one end to a gas line 2 and a gas outlet opening at its other end 3 has.
  • the tube 1 has in the illustrated Embodiment a length of 64 mm and one Inside diameter of about one mm.
  • a resistance heater trained heater 4 is provided.
  • This Heating device 4 includes a helical heating wire 5 from a tungsten material that surrounds the tube 1 and about is arranged coaxially to this.
  • the heating wire 5 has Compared to tube 1, a large stretched length of about 300 mm and has a diameter of 0.5 mm.
  • Heating wire 5 On his one end facing the gas outlet opening 3 runs Heating wire 5 in two narrow turns 5a, which on the tube 1st apply and form an electrical contact with it, and at its other end the heating wire 5 is insulated attached in a holder 7 and an electrical Line 8 connected to a voltage source.
  • the tube 1 supports the heating wire 5 and prevents that it deforms so much when hot, that on the one hand between the two narrow turns 5a and the holder 7, a short circuit from the heating wire 5 to Forms tube 1, which would have the consequence that the heating current directly drain over the pipe 1 and no further through the Heating wire 5 would flow up to the narrow turns 5a, or that on the other hand there is a short circuit between the Heating wire 5 and other components forms. That danger would exist especially if both ends of the Heating wire isolated from that surrounded by radiation plates 6 Room would be led out.
  • the tube 1 and the heating wire 5 of heat reflectors in the form of a package of Radiation plates 6 surround the 5 by the heating wire reflect the external heat radiation back to tube 1, around the heat developed by the heating coil 5 effectively to use.
  • a housing is located outside the radiation plates 6 9, which is designed as a cylindrical copper jacket and with a water cooling 10 indicated only schematically connected is.
  • the radiation sheets are in the housing 9 6 by a component 11 made of a material with higher temperature resistance exists, held.
  • a bracket 12 is provided which gas line end of the tube 1 carries and not shown screws against the water-cooled body is tightened and sealed.
  • the heating coil 5 with a heating power of 150 watts by a heating voltage of 13 volts and a heating current of 11.5 amps is reached.
  • a pipe temperature of approximately 2200 K can be achieved, which is sufficient to hydrogen to dissociate.
  • the Spiral temperature at 2350 K and thus only 150 K above the Pipe temperature is.
  • a slight overtemperature of the Heating wire compared to the temperature of the tube is cheap for a low evaporation rate of tungsten from that Heating wire 5 and a long service life of the heating wire.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen oder Radikalen durch thermische Dissoziation eines Gases, mit einem Rohr, das an seinem einen Ende an eine Gasquelle anschließbar ist und an seinem anderen Ende eine Gasaustrittsöffnung aufweist, und einer Heizvorrichtung, um das Rohr zu erwärmen.The present invention relates to a device for Generation of a beam of atoms or radicals thermal dissociation of a gas, with a pipe, the can be connected at one end to a gas source and has a gas outlet opening at its other end, and a heater to heat the pipe.

Vorrichtungen zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen durch thermische Dissoziation eines Gases in einem heißen, axial durchströmten Rohr sind bekannt und beispielsweise in dem Artikel "Some properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon produced by direct reaction of silicon and hydrogen atoms" von R.E. Viturro und K. Weiser, erschienen im Philosophical Magazine B, 1986, Vol. 53, Nr. 2, 93-103 beschrieben.Devices for generating a beam of atoms by thermal dissociation of a gas in a hot, axially flowed through tube are known and for example in the article "Some properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon produced by direct reaction of silicon and hydrogen atoms "by R.E. Viturro and K. Weiser in Philosophical Magazine B, 1986, Vol. 53, No. 2, 93-103.

Für die thermische Dissoziation von Gasen sind sehr hohe Temperaturen erforderlich, die beispielsweise bei Wasserstoff- oder Sauerstoffgasen im Bereich von 1500 K bis 2500 K liegen. Um das gasdurchströmte Rohr auf diese extrem hohe Temperaturen zu erwärmen, werden bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen sogenannte Elektroden-Bombardement-Heizungen verwendet. Dabei wird ein außerhalb des Rohres befindlicher Glühfaden durch direkten Stromdurchgang so hoch erhitzt, daß er Elektronen emittiert, die aufgrund einer zwischen dem Glühfaden und dem Rohr anliegenden Spannung in der Größenordnung von etwa 1000 V auf das Rohr hin beschleunigt werden.For the thermal dissociation of gases are very high Temperatures required, for example with hydrogen or oxygen gases in the range from 1500 K to 2500 K. To the gas flow pipe on this extremely To heat high temperatures are known in the Devices known as electrode bombardment heaters used. Doing so will be outside the tube located filament through direct current passage so highly heated so that it emits electrons due to one between the filament and the tube Voltage on the order of about 1000 V on that Pipe can be accelerated.

Diese Art der Heizung durch Elektronen-Bombardement hat zwar den Vorteil, daß eine vergleichsweise große Heizleistung auf das Rohr aufgebracht werden kann. Sie ist jedoch mit dem Nachteil verbunden, daß zur Erzeugung der zwischen Glühfaden und Rohr anliegenden Spannung der Glühfaden nahe Erdpotential und das Rohr auf positiver Hochspannung liegen muß. Die zum Rohr hin beschleunigten Elektronen haben daher in der Rohrnähe ausreichend Energie für eine Stoßionisation des aus der Gasaustrittsöffnung des Rohres austretenden Gases sowie des Restgases. Die dabei entstehenden positiven Ionen werden vom Rohr weg beschleunigt, wobei sie den Atomstrahl kreuzen können und dann wegen ihrer hohen Energie eine unerwünschte Verunreinigung des Atomstrahls darstellen.This type of heating by electron bombardment has although the advantage that a relatively large heating capacity can be applied to the pipe. However, it is associated with the disadvantage that to generate the voltage between the filament and the tube Filament near earth potential and the tube on positive Must be high voltage. The accelerated towards the pipe Electrons therefore have sufficient energy near the tube for impact ionization of the gas outlet opening the pipe emerging gas and the residual gas. The resulting positive ions are from the tube accelerated away, whereby they can cross the atomic beam and then an undesirable impurity because of its high energy of the atomic beam.

Man kann die Verunreinigung durch Ionen dadurch vermeiden, daß man das Rohr auf Erdpotential und den Glühfaden auf Hochspannung legt. Dies hat aber den Nachteil, daß ein ebenfalls auf Hochspannung liegender "Elektronen-Reflektor" so angebracht werden muß, daß die Elektronen nur auf das Rohr und nicht auf weitere auf Erdpotential liegende Bauteile hin beschleunigt werden. Ferner ist es erforderlich, die auf Hochspannung liegenden Bauteile zu isolieren und entweichende Elektronen zu unterdrücken, was mit zum Teil erheblichem technischem Aufwand verbunden ist. Generell erfordert die Isolation der auf Hochspannung liegenden Bauteile besondere konstruktive Beachtung, da diese Bauteile zum Teil auf sehr hohen Temperaturen liegen. Eine besondere Gefahr bildet das Bedampfen der Isolatoren, das zum Versagen der Heizung führt.You can avoid ion contamination by that the tube is at ground potential and the filament on high voltage. However, this has the disadvantage that an "electron reflector" also at high voltage must be attached so that the electrons only on the pipe and not on others on earth potential lying components are accelerated. Furthermore, it is necessary, the high voltage components too isolate and suppress escaping electrons, which is sometimes associated with considerable technical effort is. Generally, the insulation requires high voltage components with special design considerations, because some of these components are at very high temperatures lie. Steaming is a particular danger the insulators that cause the heating to fail.

Weiterhin wird häufig als nachteilig angesehen, daß man für die elektrische versorgung einer Elektronen-Bombardement-Heizung ein Hochspannungsgerät, welches einen Elektronen-Emissionsstrom von etwa 60 mA bis 0,7 Ampère zuläßt, sowie eine Elektronen-Emissionsstrom-Regelung, ohne die der Emissionsstrom wegen der positiven Rückkoppelung zwischen Rohr- und Glühfadentemperatur instabil wäre, benötigt, da hierdurch die Vorrichtung teuer wird.Furthermore, it is often considered disadvantageous that one for the electrical supply of an electron bombardment heater a high voltage device, which one Electron emission current from about 60 mA to 0.7 Ampère permits, as well as an electron emission current regulation, without the the emission current because of the positive Feedback between tube and filament temperature unstable would be required, as this would make the device expensive becomes.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen oder Radikalen durch thermische Dissoziation eines Gases der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß Verunreinigungen des Atomstrahls weitgehend vermieden werden und gleichzeitig der Aufwand für die elektrische Versorgung und elektrische Isolation gering ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for Generation of a beam of atoms or radicals thermal dissociation of a gas of the aforementioned Kind so that contamination of the atomic beam largely avoided and at the same time the Effort for electrical supply and electrical Isolation is low.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Heizvorrichtung wenigstens einen Heizdraht zur Erwärmung des Rohres durch Wärmestrahlung aufweist und der Heizdraht das Rohr im Bereich der Gasaustrittsöffnung unter Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontakts berührt, im übrigen aber mit Abstand umgibt. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Erwärmung des Rohrs auf die für die thermische Dissoziation eines Gases erforderliche Temperatur nicht wie im Stand der Technik durch Elektronen-Bombardement, sondern durch Wärmestrahlung. Hierdurch können die mit der Verwendung einer Elektronen-Bombardement verbundenen Nachteile einer Stoßionisation des aus der Mündung austretenden Gases durch die beschleunigten Elektronen beziehungsweise des Erfordernisses eines Elektronen-Reflektors vermieden werden.This object is achieved in that the Heating device at least one heating wire for heating of the tube by heat radiation and the Heating wire the pipe in the area of the gas outlet opening Making an electrical contact touched in but the rest surrounds by far. According to the invention heating the pipe to that for thermal dissociation temperature of a gas not as in State of the art through electron bombardment but through heat radiation. This allows the use disadvantages associated with electron bombardment a shock ionization of the emerging from the mouth Gas through the accelerated electrons respectively avoided the need for an electron reflector become.

Da für eine Widerstandsheizung keine Hochspannung verwendet zu werden braucht, sind auch das Vorhandensein eines Hochspannungsgeräts und der damit verbundenen aufwendigen Isolation sowie einer Elektronen-Emissionsstrom-Regelung nicht erforderlich. Im Ergebnis ist damit die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Atomstrahls vergleichsweise einfach im Aufbau und daher preiswert.Since no high voltage is used for resistance heating need to be are also the presence of one High voltage device and the associated elaborate Isolation and an electron emission current control not mandatory. As a result, this is the invention Comparatively device for generating an atomic beam simple in structure and therefore inexpensive.

Durch die Kontaktierung des Heizdrahtes am Rohr wird des weiteren erreicht, daß der den Heizdraht durchfließende Heizstrom über das Rohr zur Erde abfließen kann.By contacting the heating wire on the pipe further achieved that the flowing through the heating wire Heating current can flow to earth via the pipe.

In einer Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß der Heizdraht, der beispielsweise wendelförmig ausgebildet sein kann, im Bereich der Gasaustrittsöffnung in wenigstens einer Windung ausläuft, wobei die enge Windung das Rohr umgibt und an diesem anliegt, um einen elektrischen Kontakt mit diesem zu bilden. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung dient das Rohr als Stütze des Heizdrahtes im Bereich der Gasaustrittsöffnung, wodurch verhindert werden kann, daß sich der Heizdraht in heißem Zustand derart verformt, daß in dem Bereich, in dem er das Rohr mit Abstand umgeben soll, ein Kurzschluß zum Rohr stattfindet, durch den dann Teile des Heizdrahtes nicht mehr vom Strom durchflossen würden. Desweiteren wird auch effektiv verhindert, daß sich ein Kurzschluß zu Wärmereflektoren wie beispielsweise Strahlungsblechen bildet, die das Rohr und den Heizdraht bereichsweise umgeben können, um die vom Heizdraht entwickelte Ohmsche Wärme effektiv zu nutzen. Die Gefahr eines solchen Kurzschlusses würde insbesondere dann bestehen, wenn in Abweichung von der beschriebenen Ausgestaltung der Heizdraht das Rohr an keiner Stelle berühren würde und gegenüber diesem vollständig isoliert aufgebaut wäre.In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Heating wire, for example, helical can be in the area of the gas outlet opening in at least one turn ends, the tight turn the Tube surrounds and abuts this to an electrical To make contact with this. With this configuration the pipe serves as a support for the heating wire in the area of the Gas outlet opening, which can be prevented the heating wire deforms in the hot state in such a way that in the area where it surrounds the pipe at a distance a short circuit to the tube takes place, through which then Parts of the heating wire no longer flow through the current would. Furthermore, it is effectively prevented that a short circuit to heat reflectors such as Radiation sheets that form the tube and the Can surround the heating wire in areas to the from Heating wire to effectively use ohmic heat. The risk of such a short circuit would in particular then exist if in deviation from the described Design of the heating wire never touch the pipe would and completely isolated from this would be built up.

Hinsichtlich weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wird auf die Unteransprüche sowie die nachfolgende Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung verwiesen. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Figur 1
eine Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen oder Radikalen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung im Längsschnitt und
Figur 2
die erfindungswesentlichen Teile der in Figur 1 gezeigten Vorrichtungen in vergrößerter Darstellung.
With regard to further advantageous refinements of the invention, reference is made to the subclaims and the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing shows
Figure 1
an embodiment of an apparatus for generating a beam of atoms or radicals according to the present invention in longitudinal section and
Figure 2
the parts essential to the invention of the devices shown in Figure 1 in an enlarged view.

In den Figuren ist eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen oder Radikalen durch thermische Dissoziation eines Gases dargestellt. Beispielsweise kann diese Vorrichtung verwendet werden, um Wasserstoffgas durch Wärmeeinwirkung zu zersetzen und so einen Strom von Wasserstoffatomen zu bilden. Die thermische Dissoziation wird erreicht, indem das zu dissoziierende Gas durch ein Rohr 1 geführt und dabei auf eine zur Zersetzung des Gases führende Temperatur, die etwa im Bereich von 1500 bis 2500 K liegen kann, erhitzt wird. Hierzu weist die Vorrichtung ein Rohr 1 auf, das an seinem einen Ende an eine Gasleitung 2 angeschlossen ist und an seinem anderen Ende eine Gasaustrittsöffnung 3 aufweist. Das Rohr 1 hat in der dargestellten Ausführungsform eine Länge von 64 mm und einen Innendurchmesser von etwa einem mm.In the figures is an embodiment of an inventive Device for generating a beam of atoms or radicals by thermal dissociation of one Gases shown. For example, this device used to make hydrogen gas by exposure to heat to decompose and so a stream of hydrogen atoms form. Thermal dissociation is achieved by the gas to be dissociated passed through a pipe 1 and thereby to a temperature leading to the decomposition of the gas, which can be in the range from 1500 to 2500 K, is heated. For this purpose, the device has a tube 1 on, which is connected at one end to a gas line 2 and a gas outlet opening at its other end 3 has. The tube 1 has in the illustrated Embodiment a length of 64 mm and one Inside diameter of about one mm.

Zur Erwärmung des Rohres 1 ist eine als Widerstandsheizung ausgebildete Heizvorrichtung 4 vorgesehen. Zu dieser Heizvorrichtung 4 gehört ein wendelförmiger Heizdraht 5 aus einem Wolframmaterial, der das Rohr 1 umgibt und etwa koaxial zu diesem angeordnet ist. Der Heizdraht 5 hat im Vergleich zum Rohr 1 eine große gestreckte Länge von etwa 300 mm und hat einen Durchmesser von 0,5 mm. An seinem einen, zur Gasaustrittsöffnung 3 weisenden Ende läuft der Heizdraht 5 in zwei enge Windungen 5a aus, die am Rohr 1 anliegen und einen elektrischen Kontakt mit diesem bilden, und an seinem anderen Ende ist der Heizdraht 5 isoliert in einer Halterung 7 befestigt und über eine elektrische Leitung 8 mit einer Spannungsquelle verbunden. Durch die Kontaktierung des Heizdrahtes 5 am Rohr 1 wird erreicht, daß im Betrieb der durch den Heizdraht 5 fließende Heizstrom über das Rohr 1 zur Erde abfließt. Des weiteren stützt das Rohr 1 den Heizdraht 5 und verhindert, daß sich dieser in heißem Zustand so weit verformt, daß sich einerseits zwischen den beiden engen Windungen 5a und der Halterung 7 ein Kurzschluß vom Heizdraht 5 zum Rohr 1 bildet, der zur Folge hätte, daß der Heizstrom direkt über das Rohr 1 abfließen und nicht weiter durch den Heizdraht 5 bis zu den engen Windungen 5a strömen würde, oder daß sich andererseits ein Kurzschluß zwischen dem Heizdraht 5 und anderen Bauteilen bildet. Diese Gefahr würde insbesondere dann bestehen, wenn beide Enden des Heizdrahtes isoliert aus dem mit Strahlungsblechen 6 umgebenen Raum herausgeführt würden.To heat the tube 1 is a resistance heater trained heater 4 is provided. To this Heating device 4 includes a helical heating wire 5 from a tungsten material that surrounds the tube 1 and about is arranged coaxially to this. The heating wire 5 has Compared to tube 1, a large stretched length of about 300 mm and has a diameter of 0.5 mm. On his one end facing the gas outlet opening 3 runs Heating wire 5 in two narrow turns 5a, which on the tube 1st apply and form an electrical contact with it, and at its other end the heating wire 5 is insulated attached in a holder 7 and an electrical Line 8 connected to a voltage source. By contacting the heating wire 5 on the tube 1 achieved that in operation the flowing through the heating wire 5 Heating current flows through pipe 1 to earth. Of further the tube 1 supports the heating wire 5 and prevents that it deforms so much when hot, that on the one hand between the two narrow turns 5a and the holder 7, a short circuit from the heating wire 5 to Forms tube 1, which would have the consequence that the heating current directly drain over the pipe 1 and no further through the Heating wire 5 would flow up to the narrow turns 5a, or that on the other hand there is a short circuit between the Heating wire 5 and other components forms. That danger would exist especially if both ends of the Heating wire isolated from that surrounded by radiation plates 6 Room would be led out.

Im Heizbereich, in dem das Rohr 1 durch die Heizvorrichtung 4 erwärmt wird, sind das Rohr 1 und der Heizdraht 5 von Wärmereflektoren in der Form von einem Paket von Strahlungsblechen 6 umgeben, die die vom Heizdraht 5 nach außen abgegebene Wärmestrahlung zurück zum Rohr 1 reflektieren, um die von der Heizwendel 5 entwickelte Wärme effektiv zu nutzen. In the heating area, in which the pipe 1 through the heater 4 is heated, the tube 1 and the heating wire 5 of heat reflectors in the form of a package of Radiation plates 6 surround the 5 by the heating wire reflect the external heat radiation back to tube 1, around the heat developed by the heating coil 5 effectively to use.

Außerhalb der Strahlungsbleche 6 befindet sich ein Gehäuse 9, das als zylindrischer Kupfermantel ausgebildet und mit einer nur schematisch angedeuteten Wasserkühlung 10 verbunden ist. In dem Gehäuse 9 sind die Strahlungbleche 6 durch ein Bauteil 11, das aus einem Material höher Temperaturbeständigkeit besteht, gehalten. Des weiteren ist in dem Gehäuse 9 eine Halterung 12 vorgesehen, die das gasleitungsseitige Ende des Rohres 1 trägt und mit nicht dargestellten Schrauben gegen den wassergekühlten Körper angezogen und gedichtet ist.A housing is located outside the radiation plates 6 9, which is designed as a cylindrical copper jacket and with a water cooling 10 indicated only schematically connected is. The radiation sheets are in the housing 9 6 by a component 11 made of a material with higher temperature resistance exists, held. Furthermore is in the housing 9, a bracket 12 is provided which gas line end of the tube 1 carries and not shown screws against the water-cooled body is tightened and sealed.

Im Betrieb wird die Heizwendel 5 mit einer Heizleistung von 150 Watt, die durch eine Heizspannung von 13 Volt und einem Heizstrom von 11,5 Ampère erreicht wird, erwärmt. Versuche haben gezeigt, daß hierdurch in der Nähe der Gasaustrittsöffnung 3 eine Rohrtemperatur von annähernd 2200 K erreicht werden kann, die ausreichend ist, um Wasserstoff zu dissoziieren. Aus der Widerstandserhöhung der Wendel des Heizdrahtes 5 kann abgeschätzt werden, daß die Wendeltemperatur bei 2350 K und damit nur 150 K über der Rohrtemperatur liegt. Eine geringe Übertemperatur des Heizdrahtes gegenüber der Temperatur des Rohres ist günstig für eine geringe Abdampfrate von Wolfram von dem Heizdraht 5 und eine lange Lebensdauer des Heizdrahtes.In operation, the heating coil 5 with a heating power of 150 watts by a heating voltage of 13 volts and a heating current of 11.5 amps is reached. Experiments have shown that in the vicinity of the Gas outlet opening 3 a pipe temperature of approximately 2200 K can be achieved, which is sufficient to hydrogen to dissociate. From the increase in resistance of the Helix of the heating wire 5 can be estimated that the Spiral temperature at 2350 K and thus only 150 K above the Pipe temperature is. A slight overtemperature of the Heating wire compared to the temperature of the tube is cheap for a low evaporation rate of tungsten from that Heating wire 5 and a long service life of the heating wire.

Bei der Durchführung des Versuchs hat sich gezeigt, daß sich die Winkelverteilung des aus der Gasaustrittsöffnung 3 austretenden Strahls von atomarem Wasserstoff sowie dessen Dissoziationsgrad qualitativ wie bei einer zuvor betriebenen Quelle mit Elektronen-Bombardement-Heizung verhält, daß aber die eingangs genannten Nachteile einer Elektronen-Bombardement-Heizung vermieden werden können.When carrying out the experiment, it was shown that the angular distribution of the gas outlet opening 3 emerging jet of atomic hydrogen as well its degree of dissociation qualitatively like that of a previous one powered source with electron bombardment heating behaves, but that the disadvantages mentioned one Electron bombardment heating can be avoided.

Claims (6)

  1. Apparatus for producing a stream of atoms or radicals by thermal dissociation of gas comprising a tube (1), which at its one end is connectable to a gas source (2) and at its other end comprises a gas outlet opening (3), and a heating device (4) for heating the tube (1), characterized in that the heating device (4) comprises at least one heating wire (5) for heating the tube (1) by heat radiation and that the heating wire (5) touches said tube (1) forming an electrical contact therewith proximal to said gas outlet opening (3) and over the residual length is spaced therefrom.
  2. Apparatus defined in claim 1, characterized in that the at least one heating wire (5) has a helical form.
  3. Apparatus defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating wire (5) has at least one tight turn (5a) at its end proximal to said outlet opening (3), which hugs said tube (1) to form the electrical contact therewith.
  4. The apparatus defined in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heating device (4) comprises a plurality of heating wires for heating the tube (1) by heat radiation.
  5. The apparatus as defined in any preceeding claim, characterized in that said tube (1) and the heating wire (5) are surrounded by heat reflectors, in particular by sheet-metal reflectors (6) at least over a region, in which said wire (5) heats said tube.
  6. The apparatus as defined in any preceeding claim, characterized in that said tube (1) and said heating device (4) are enclosed in a water-cooled housing (9).
EP99102070A 1998-02-18 1999-02-02 Device for producing an atom -or radical beam Expired - Lifetime EP0938251B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19806692 1998-02-18
DE19806692A DE19806692C2 (en) 1998-02-18 1998-02-18 Device for generating a beam of atoms or radicals

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EP0938251A2 EP0938251A2 (en) 1999-08-25
EP0938251A3 EP0938251A3 (en) 2002-04-17
EP0938251B1 true EP0938251B1 (en) 2003-07-23

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DE10047042C2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-08-01 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Method and device for producing hydrogen-containing Si¶1¶¶-¶¶x¶C¶x¶: H layers
US7750654B2 (en) * 2002-09-02 2010-07-06 Octec Inc. Probe method, prober, and electrode reducing/plasma-etching processing mechanism
CN105430864B (en) * 2015-11-12 2017-12-12 华中科技大学 A kind of atomic generator
CN105376923B (en) * 2015-11-12 2018-03-09 华中科技大学 A kind of atomic generator that can improve atomic beam density
US20180019169A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 QMAT, Inc. Backing substrate stabilizing donor substrate for implant or reclamation
CN110290628B (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-03-30 郑州大学 Atom generating device used in ultrahigh vacuum environment
CN113398852B (en) * 2021-06-21 2023-03-28 许昌学院 Inner temperature adjusting device of plate tower

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US4783595A (en) * 1985-03-28 1988-11-08 The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technology Solid-state source of ions and atoms
US4878989A (en) * 1986-11-26 1989-11-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Chemical beam epitaxy system
US5541407A (en) * 1992-09-24 1996-07-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Arsenic atom source
US5693173A (en) * 1994-12-21 1997-12-02 Chorus Corporation Thermal gas cracking source technology

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Publication number Publication date
EP0938251A2 (en) 1999-08-25
EP0938251A3 (en) 2002-04-17
DE59906316D1 (en) 2003-08-28
DE19806692A1 (en) 1999-08-26
DE19806692C2 (en) 2000-03-30
US6191416B1 (en) 2001-02-20

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