EP0938102A2 - High voltage DC power cable - Google Patents

High voltage DC power cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0938102A2
EP0938102A2 EP99400308A EP99400308A EP0938102A2 EP 0938102 A2 EP0938102 A2 EP 0938102A2 EP 99400308 A EP99400308 A EP 99400308A EP 99400308 A EP99400308 A EP 99400308A EP 0938102 A2 EP0938102 A2 EP 0938102A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
conductor
grounded
hvdc
armour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99400308A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0938102A3 (en
EP0938102B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Endre Balog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel SA
Nokia Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SA, Nokia Inc filed Critical Alcatel SA
Publication of EP0938102A2 publication Critical patent/EP0938102A2/en
Publication of EP0938102A3 publication Critical patent/EP0938102A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0938102B1 publication Critical patent/EP0938102B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/028—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients with screen grounding means, e.g. drain wires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables and to subsea installation of such cables.
  • HVDC high voltage direct current
  • Such cables and installations are described in WO 97/04466 (G Balog 13).
  • UK 2 295 506 describes a HVDC system in which rectifier and convertors are connected by a DC link, the inverter extinction angle is used to control the rectifier firing angle in a closed loop to maintain the inverter extinction angle at or above predetermined values.
  • Each converter has a closed loop controller to control the firing angle in dependence upon DC current, DC voltage, own extinction angle and own firing angle.
  • DE 1 262 425 relates to a device for 'voltagewise relief' of cables in HVDC installations where both ends are connected to an AC network via 'smoothing' coils and rectifiers, - and where the feeding and the receiving AC network as well as the associated rectifier are such that the number of phases on the two AC sides do not contain the same prime numbers.
  • a normal way to transfer energy from one place to another across a body of water such as between Norway and Denmark, - is to use a HVDC cable having a central insulated conductor and use the seawater for the return current. This cable is installed between AC circuits having the same number of phases.
  • An alternative is to install a separate HVDC cable for the return current in parallel with the first cable. This is an expensive solution.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a new cable and a new installation technique in order to satisfy customers requirements for reliable long distance transfer of high energy between to locations which are separated by a body of water, - at a reasonable cost.
  • the cable crossection shows a central cable conductor having one or more layers of insulation material 2 enclosed within a metal sheath.
  • Inner and outer semiconductive layers arranged respectively over the cable conductor 1 and underneath the lead sheath 3 are not shown.
  • Over the lead sheath there are successively arranged an insulation sheath 4, reinforcements 5, armour 6, insulation 7, armour 8 and outer protective layers 9.
  • the conductor 1 may be a multiwire copper conductor.
  • the insulation 2 may be wrapped tapes or extruded insulation.
  • the metal sheath 2 may be a conventional lead alloy sheath.
  • the first layer 4 over the metal sheath may be a polymer such as polyethylene (PE). This layer may be semiconductive in order to avoid or reduce potential differences.
  • Transversal reinforcements 5 such as stainless steel tapes are arranged over the layer 5.
  • a two layer armour 6 which may be hard-drawn profiled copper wires.
  • an insulation sheath 7 which may be a PE sheath
  • an armour 8 which may consist of galvanized steel wires and outer protection 9 which may consist of polypropylene yarn and asphalt.
  • the central conductor should have a crossection of 1.600 mm2 and the return conductor some 1.900 mm2 .
  • the cable should preferably be buried in the sea bed, preferably down to 2.5m depth.
  • FIG 2 is schematically indicated the main parts (conductor 1, return conductor 6 and armour 8) installed between two end stations A and B.
  • the stations A and B include convertors (not shown) for interconnection with AC networks (not shown).
  • the conductor 1 transfers the cable current from A to B and the armour 8 is earthed continuously.
  • the concentrical return conductor 6 is connected to ground potential through surge arrestors (valves)10 and 11 installed in both ends of the cable, - and the return conductor is earthed midway between A and B. This earthing may be achieved with semiconductive material.
  • the earthing of metallic return conductor must be done in such a way that no circulating currents will exist. At the same time the converters must experience the true earth.
  • the circulating currents are divided according to the resistances in the different loops. As the sea can be regarded as a very large conductor, only the resistance in the leads to the electrodes, the electrode resistance and eventual resistance in earth defines the loop resistances.
  • a cable with a metallic return conductor will at 800 MW load experience approximately 10 kV DC voltage buildup at a 540 km length. It is possible to use resistors to limit the earth current, but it is undesireable with any earth current. Another approach is to hinder the circulating current by singlepoint bonding. If direct earthing of one of the valves are necessary this may be possible; but the other valve group at the other end would experience 10 kV to earth.

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  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables and to subsea installation of such cables. It further relates to a HVDC power cable including a central conductor (1) and insulation layers (2) covered with a metal sheath (3) such as a lead sheath as well as outer armouring (8) and corrosion protection (9). The cable includes a concentrical return current conductor (6) arranged between the metal sheath (3) and the outer corrosion protection layers (9).

Description

The present invention relates to high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables and to subsea installation of such cables. Such cables and installations are described in WO 97/04466 (G Balog 13).
UK 2 295 506 describes a HVDC system in which rectifier and convertors are connected by a DC link, the inverter extinction angle is used to control the rectifier firing angle in a closed loop to maintain the inverter extinction angle at or above predetermined values. Each converter has a closed loop controller to control the firing angle in dependence upon DC current, DC voltage, own extinction angle and own firing angle.
DE 1 262 425 relates to a device for 'voltagewise relief' of cables in HVDC installations where both ends are connected to an AC network via 'smoothing' coils and rectifiers, - and where the feeding and the receiving AC network as well as the associated rectifier are such that the number of phases on the two AC sides do not contain the same prime numbers.
A normal way to transfer energy from one place to another across a body of water such as between Norway and Denmark, - is to use a HVDC cable having a central insulated conductor and use the seawater for the return current. This cable is installed between AC circuits having the same number of phases. An alternative is to install a separate HVDC cable for the return current in parallel with the first cable. This is an expensive solution.
The object of the invention is to provide a new cable and a new installation technique in order to satisfy customers requirements for reliable long distance transfer of high energy between to locations which are separated by a body of water, - at a reasonable cost.
The main features of the invention are defined in the accompanying patent claims. With these solutions we have succeeded in satisfying the requirements of the customers. Our cable operates in a monopolar mode without having an external magnetic field. The installation eliminates sea electrodes which may cause high cost and large environmental problems.
Above mentioned and other features and objects of the present invention will clearly appear from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the drawings, where
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates the crossection of a HVDC cable, - and
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two alternative cable installations.
    • In Figure 1 the cable crossection shows a central cable conductor having one or more layers of insulation material 2 enclosed within a metal sheath. Inner and outer semiconductive layers arranged respectively over the cable conductor 1 and underneath the lead sheath 3 are not shown. Over the lead sheath there are successively arranged an insulation sheath 4, reinforcements 5, armour 6, insulation 7, armour 8 and outer protective layers 9.
    The conductor 1 may be a multiwire copper conductor. The insulation 2 may be wrapped tapes or extruded insulation. The metal sheath 2 may be a conventional lead alloy sheath. The first layer 4 over the metal sheath may be a polymer such as polyethylene (PE). This layer may be semiconductive in order to avoid or reduce potential differences. Transversal reinforcements 5 such as stainless steel tapes are arranged over the layer 5. Next is a two layer armour 6 which may be hard-drawn profiled copper wires. Then follows an insulation sheath 7 which may be a PE sheath, an armour 8 which may consist of galvanized steel wires and outer protection 9 which may consist of polypropylene yarn and asphalt.
    With a cable capable of transferring 800 MW at 500 KV over a subsea cable route of more than 500 Km, the central conductor should have a crossection of 1.600 mm2 and the return conductor some 1.900 mm2 . The cable should preferably be buried in the sea bed, preferably down to 2.5m depth.
    In Figure 2 is schematically indicated the main parts (conductor 1, return conductor 6 and armour 8) installed between two end stations A and B. The stations A and B include convertors (not shown) for interconnection with AC networks (not shown). The conductor 1 transfers the cable current from A to B and the armour 8 is earthed continuously. The concentrical return conductor 6 is connected to ground potential through surge arrestors (valves)10 and 11 installed in both ends of the cable, - and the return conductor is earthed midway between A and B. This earthing may be achieved with semiconductive material.
    The earthing of metallic return conductor must be done in such a way that no circulating currents will exist. At the same time the converters must experience the true earth. The circulating currents are divided according to the resistances in the different loops. As the sea can be regarded as a very large conductor, only the resistance in the leads to the electrodes, the electrode resistance and eventual resistance in earth defines the loop resistances.
    In Figure 3 the installation is similar to the installation of Figure 2, but in this alternative the return conductor 6 is earthed at one end (the A end) and it is connected to ground through a surge arrestor (valve) 12 in the other end (the B end).
    A cable with a metallic return conductor will at 800 MW load experience approximately 10 kV DC voltage buildup at a 540 km length. It is possible to use resistors to limit the earth current, but it is undesireable with any earth current. Another approach is to hinder the circulating current by singlepoint bonding. If direct earthing of one of the valves are necessary this may be possible; but the other valve group at the other end would experience 10 kV to earth.
    If the cable system is earthed in the middle (Figure 2) both valve groups would experience approximately 5 kV DC-voltage to earth. In this case diodes may be used as Zener diodes at both ends to protect the outer insulation against overvoltages.
    The above detailed description of embodiments of the invention must be taken as examples only and should not be considered as limitations on the scope of protection.

    Claims (6)

    1. HVDC power cable including a central conductor (1) and insulation layers (2) covered with a metal sheath (3) such as a lead sheath as well as outer armouring (8) and corrosion protection (9),
      characterized in that
      the cable includes a concentrical return current conductor (6) arranged between the metal sheath (3) and the outer corrosion protection layers (9).
    2. Cable according to claim 1,
      characterized in that
      it over the metal sheath (3) successively includes a polymer insulation (or semiconductive) layer (4), steel tape reinforcements (5), a copper armour (6) functioning as return current conductor, at least one polymer insulation layer (7), armouring (8) as well as outer sheaths (9).
    3. Cable according to claim 2,
      characterized in that
      the polymer layer (4,7) are PE layers.
    4. Subsea cable installation for a HVDC cable as defined in claims 1-3,
      characterized in that
      whereas the armour (8) is continuously grounded along the cable route between A and B - the return conductor (6) is grounded midway between the end connections (A,B).
    5. Cable installation according to claim 4,
      characterized in that
      the return conductor is grounded through surge arrestors (10,11) arranged in both ends (A,B).
    6. Subsea cable installation for a HVDC cable as defined in claims 1-3,
      characterized in that
      whereas the armour (8) is continuously grounded along the cable route between A and B - the return conductor (6) is directly grounded in one end (at A) and grounded through a surge arrestor (12) in the other end (at B).
    EP99400308A 1998-02-19 1999-02-10 High voltage DC power cable Expired - Lifetime EP0938102B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    NO980691 1998-02-19
    NO19980691A NO310388B1 (en) 1998-02-19 1998-02-19 High voltage cable and undersea cable installation

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0938102A2 true EP0938102A2 (en) 1999-08-25
    EP0938102A3 EP0938102A3 (en) 2000-10-18
    EP0938102B1 EP0938102B1 (en) 2005-09-14

    Family

    ID=19901689

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP99400308A Expired - Lifetime EP0938102B1 (en) 1998-02-19 1999-02-10 High voltage DC power cable

    Country Status (5)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0938102B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4801236B2 (en)
    AU (1) AU755659B2 (en)
    DK (1) DK0938102T3 (en)
    NO (1) NO310388B1 (en)

    Cited By (9)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2003046592A1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2003-06-05 Pirelli & C. S.P.A. Method for testing an electrical cable, modified electrical cable and process for producing it
    EP1933333A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-18 ABB Technology Ltd An electric power cable, an off-shore installation provided therewith, and use thereof
    WO2009149742A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2009-12-17 Abb Technology Ag A plant for transmiitting electric power
    EP2197080A1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-16 ABB Research Ltd. Flexible joint with resistive field grading material for HVDC cables and method for connecting same to HVDC cables
    WO2013077462A1 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-30 Yazaki Corporation High voltage conductive wire and wire harness
    WO2013077463A1 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-30 Yazaki Corporation Wire harness
    EP3217499A1 (en) 2016-03-09 2017-09-13 nkt cables GmbH & Co. KG Provision of a dc cable installation with metallic return conductor and corresponding dc cable installation
    CN110060806A (en) * 2018-01-17 2019-07-26 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Horizontal diversion cable and deep well type vertical grounding electrode
    EP4060685A4 (en) * 2019-11-15 2023-12-06 Zhongtian Technology Submarine Cable Co., Ltd. Dc submarine cable

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    CN101211680B (en) * 2006-12-26 2010-10-06 上海电缆厂有限公司 Optical fibre composite electric power seabed oil-filled cable
    JP5354259B2 (en) * 2008-11-11 2013-11-27 住友電気工業株式会社 Solid cable
    JP5984440B2 (en) * 2012-03-14 2016-09-06 矢崎総業株式会社 Coaxial wire manufacturing method
    WO2016191508A1 (en) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Lead alloy tape barrier
    CN105405497A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-16 中天科技海缆有限公司 Positive and negative electrodes syncretic optical fiber composite flexible DC medium voltage cable for urban distribution network system
    US11562834B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2023-01-24 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Lead alloy barrier tape splice for downhole power cable
    US10535448B2 (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-01-14 Nexans Stainless steel screen and non-insulating jacket arrangement for power cables
    CN111326288B (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-03-30 杭州智海人工智能有限公司 Wind power generation high-voltage direct-current submarine cable

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    NO449373L (en) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-23 Standard Tel Kabelfab As
    JPS5556302A (en) * 1978-10-04 1980-04-25 Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Power cable line
    US4256921A (en) * 1979-01-22 1981-03-17 George Bahder Moisture resistant cable
    JPS5637409U (en) * 1979-08-31 1981-04-09
    JPS5924083Y2 (en) * 1979-08-31 1984-07-17 住友電気工業株式会社 Single core lead submerged bottom cable for power use
    JPS5943616Y2 (en) * 1979-09-01 1984-12-25 住友電気工業株式会社 Single core lead submerged bottom cable for power use
    JPS58201515A (en) * 1982-05-17 1983-11-24 住友電気工業株式会社 Method for preventing insulation deterioration due to cable water tree
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    Cited By (22)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2003046592A1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2003-06-05 Pirelli & C. S.P.A. Method for testing an electrical cable, modified electrical cable and process for producing it
    EP1933333A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-18 ABB Technology Ltd An electric power cable, an off-shore installation provided therewith, and use thereof
    WO2008071754A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Abb Technology Ltd An electric power cable, an off-shore installation provided therewith, and use thereof
    NO341274B1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2017-10-02 Nkt Hv Cables Gmbh Electric power cable, an offshore installation equipped with this, and its use
    US8816206B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2014-08-26 Abb Technology Ltd. Electric power cable, an off-shore installation provided therewith, and use thereof
    CN102057563B (en) * 2008-06-09 2014-07-16 Abb技术有限公司 A plant for transmitting electric power
    WO2009149742A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2009-12-17 Abb Technology Ag A plant for transmiitting electric power
    CN102057563A (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-05-11 Abb技术有限公司 A plant for transmiitting electric power
    US8717786B2 (en) 2008-06-09 2014-05-06 Abb Technology Ag Plant for transmitting electric power utilizing asymmetric operation of voltage source converters
    US20110096575A1 (en) * 2008-06-09 2011-04-28 Abb Technology Ag Plant for transmitting electric power
    EP2197080A1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-16 ABB Research Ltd. Flexible joint with resistive field grading material for HVDC cables and method for connecting same to HVDC cables
    US9236720B2 (en) 2011-11-21 2016-01-12 Yazaki Corporation High voltage conductive wire and wire harness
    CN103958278A (en) * 2011-11-21 2014-07-30 矢崎总业株式会社 High voltage conductive wire and wire harness
    CN103946069A (en) * 2011-11-21 2014-07-23 矢崎总业株式会社 Wire harness
    WO2013077463A1 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-30 Yazaki Corporation Wire harness
    CN103958278B (en) * 2011-11-21 2016-03-30 矢崎总业株式会社 High-pressure conductive line and wire harness
    US9346420B2 (en) 2011-11-21 2016-05-24 Yazaki Corporation Wire harness
    WO2013077462A1 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-30 Yazaki Corporation High voltage conductive wire and wire harness
    EP3217499A1 (en) 2016-03-09 2017-09-13 nkt cables GmbH & Co. KG Provision of a dc cable installation with metallic return conductor and corresponding dc cable installation
    DE102016002881A1 (en) 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 nkt cables GmbH & Co.KG DC cable system with metallic return conductor
    CN110060806A (en) * 2018-01-17 2019-07-26 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Horizontal diversion cable and deep well type vertical grounding electrode
    EP4060685A4 (en) * 2019-11-15 2023-12-06 Zhongtian Technology Submarine Cable Co., Ltd. Dc submarine cable

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    JP4801236B2 (en) 2011-10-26
    NO980691L (en) 1999-08-20
    JPH11273466A (en) 1999-10-08
    EP0938102A3 (en) 2000-10-18
    NO980691D0 (en) 1998-02-19
    DK0938102T3 (en) 2006-01-30
    EP0938102B1 (en) 2005-09-14
    NO310388B1 (en) 2001-06-25
    AU1740799A (en) 1999-09-02
    AU755659B2 (en) 2002-12-19

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