EP0934887A1 - Dispositif de fermeture pour une boíte de boisson, notamment de boisson gazeuse - Google Patents
Dispositif de fermeture pour une boíte de boisson, notamment de boisson gazeuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0934887A1 EP0934887A1 EP99400238A EP99400238A EP0934887A1 EP 0934887 A1 EP0934887 A1 EP 0934887A1 EP 99400238 A EP99400238 A EP 99400238A EP 99400238 A EP99400238 A EP 99400238A EP 0934887 A1 EP0934887 A1 EP 0934887A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- box
- skirt
- clamping ring
- rim
- bearing surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
- B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
- B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
- B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
- B65D47/12—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having removable closures
- B65D47/14—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having removable closures and closure-retaining means
- B65D47/141—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having removable closures and closure-retaining means for stoppers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0025—Upper closure of the 47-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0071—Lower closure of the 17-type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a closure device for a box of drink, especially carbonated drink, of the type having a side wall cylindrical closed at its base by a bottom and at its upper part by a cover irremovable which is provided with an at least partially separable cover and a rim peripheral and which is connected, from its periphery, to the upper end of said side wall by a portion flared radially outwards.
- any user of such a beverage can in particular a can of which the cover is removed by tearing, which has not consumed all of its content, one day or another wished to close this box tightly to avoid loss of the liquid remaining due to the overturning of the box and / or to keep the drink all its properties and qualities.
- the object of the present invention therefore lies in the development of a device simple design, easily adaptable to a non-sealed beverage can reusable, ensuring a watertight closure of the box once its cover removed and which is also provided with means facilitating the consumption of the drink.
- the present invention provides a closure device which comprises the means (a) and (b) above and which is characterized in that said means of pressure include a concentric clamping ring with said peripheral skirt around the axis of symmetry of the box, said clamping ring having a first face inner consisting of at least one cylindrical surface eccentric with respect to said axis of symmetry and cooperating with a corresponding cylindrical surface defining a outer face of the peripheral skirt.
- the device according to the invention advantageously comprises blocking means to prevent any rotation of said cap relative to the box.
- These blocking means may simply include a protuberance arising on the upper element of the cap and extending below this element over a sufficient length to be able to penetrate the orifice which is formed in the cover of the box after removal of said removable cover.
- the skirt cap peripheral includes at least one additional annular housing axially and radially offset from the first housing and intended to receive the rim of a beverage can of different diameter than that of the can whose rim is intended to be received in the first accommodation.
- the peripheral skirt comprises at least one additional continuous bearing surface axially and radially offset from the first bearing surface and the ring clamping device has at least one additional inner face axially and radially offset from the first inner face and consisting of at least a cylindrical surface eccentric with respect to the axis of symmetry of the base and cooperating with a corresponding cylindrical surface defining another external face of the peripheral skirt.
- each inner face of the clamping ring is preferably constituted by several successive cylindrical surfaces which meet and eccentric each relative to the axis of symmetry of the box, these surfaces having the same length angular, which ensures rapid and uniform tightening.
- each bearing surface is preferably substantially parallel to the flared part of the box and arranged to be opposite this part flared.
- the upper element of the cap prefferably has a groove concentric in the vicinity of its periphery; the purpose of this groove is to remove rigidity to this upper element and therefore facilitate the installation of the device on the box.
- each housing has a bearing surface extending over its entire internal periphery and which, under the effect said pressure means, is applied against the inner face of the rim of the box ; this measure further improves, if necessary, the sealing of the device.
- this device can also advantageously include means attachment capable of coming to bear elastically on the side wall of the box.
- the device-drink can assembly can be easily attached to any available support such as bag or belt, making it very easy transport.
- attachment means preferably comprise a tab extending axially and integral with the clamping ring.
- the device according to the invention is intended to achieve the closure in particular of a beverage can as shown in Figure 1.
- This can is formed by a body metallic usually aluminum, which generally has a side wall 1 cylindrical, closed by a bottom 2 and by a slightly domed cover 3.
- This last is provided with a tear-off lid 4 of substantially circular shape initially closed, but which can easily be removed by lifting a tab 5 which acts as a lever for tearing said cover 4 and thus clearing an orifice for the flow of the beverage.
- the cover 3 is also provided, along its periphery, with a flange 6 protruding above said cover.
- This rim 6, which has an annular lip outer 7, results from the crimping of a peripheral zone of said cover 3 with the upper end of the side wall 1, this crimping operation having the effect to give the upper part of the side wall 1 the shape of a flared zone 8 radially outward from the periphery of the cover.
- the device according to the invention comprises, in a manner known per se, a cap 9 formed by an upper plate 10 and a peripheral skirt 11 and means pressure of said skirt against the box.
- the plate 10 is circular in shape and its diameter is substantially equal to that of the cover 3.
- a circular bore 12 positioned for come substantially opposite the orifice intended to be formed by removal of the cover 4.
- This bore 12 is extended at its periphery by a neck 13 extending vertically above the plate 10, the free edge of this neck being shaped rounded.
- this neck 13 is provided on its internal surface with a thread 14; the latter is intended to cooperate with a helical groove dug in the part cylindrical 15 of a plug 16 intended to be hermetically screwed into said neck 13.
- a protuberance 17 on its underside and shaped to engage in the orifice intended to be formed in the cover 3 by tearing the cover 4.
- the peripheral skirt 11 of the cap 9 has on the side of its internal face a first annular housing 18 shaped to receive the upper end (including the lip 7) of the rim 6 of the box and, axially below this housing 18, a first bearing surface 19 extending over the entire periphery of the skirt.
- the skirt comprises, also on the side of its face internal, an additional annular housing 20 located below the housing 18 in being offset axially and radially with respect to the latter; in addition, said skirt comprises, axially below the housing 20, an additional bearing surface 21 extending over the entire periphery of the internal face of the skirt.
- the additional housing 20 is also shaped to receive the upper end (including the lip 7) of the rim 6 of a box, the diameter of this last being greater than that of the box whose rim 6 is intended to be housed in housing 18.
- the internal face of the housing 18 intended to cooperate with the lip 7 of the rim 6, is connected to the first bearing surface 19 by a shoulder radial 22 able to be fitted under the lip 7; the same is true of the internal face of the housing 20 intended to cooperate with the lip 7, which is connected to the bearing surface 21 by a radial shoulder 23 also capable of being fitted under the lip 7 of the ledge 6.
- the cap 9 is made of an elastically deformable and compressible material, such as for example high density polyethylene.
- an elastically deformable and compressible material such as for example high density polyethylene.
- bearing surfaces 19, 21 are preferably substantially parallel, at least over part of their height, at the flared part 8 of the box and arranged to be in front of this flared part.
- the aforementioned pressure means include a clamping ring 25.
- This ring 25 has an upper wall 26 in the form of flat disc, provided with an opening 27 sized to allow free passage to the neck 13.
- This upper wall 26, which is intended to come to bear on the plate 10, is connected by its periphery to an annular side wall 28 concentric with the skirt 11 around the axis of symmetry A-A of the box.
- this annular wall 28 of the clamping ring has a first inner face 29 originating on the underside of the upper wall 26 and extending axially until it reaches a level slightly below the shoulder 22.
- the annular wall 28 also has a second inner face 30 offset axially and radially with respect to the first inner face 29, this second face 30 extending axially substantially up to the end lower of the support surface 21.
- the first inner face 29 is formed by several (three in the mode of embodiment shown in the drawings) successive cylindrical surfaces 31, 32, 33, of same angular length, each eccentric with respect to the axis of symmetry A-A. These cylindrical surfaces cooperate respectively with three cylindrical surfaces 34, 35, 36 corresponding defining a first external face of the skirt 11.
- the second inner face 30 is formed by several (for example three) successive cylindrical surfaces, of the same angular length, each eccentric with respect to the axis of symmetry A-A, these cylindrical surfaces cooperating respectively with three corresponding surfaces defining a second external face of the skirt 11; we will specify that these three cylindrical surfaces have respectively the same center as surfaces 31, 32, 33.
- a flexible tongue 37 connecting the part top of the plug 16 to the upper wall 26 of the clamping ring.
- the tongue 37 is fixed to the wall 26 by a stud 38 integral with the tongue, extending axially downwards and the free end of which lower ends with an enlarged part 39.
- This nipple is forced into a notch 40 having a narrowing at its Entrance.
- this enlarged part 39 can circulate in an enlarged area 41 of the groove 24 as shown in FIG. 5.
- the device according to the invention is finally completed by an elastic tab 42 extending axially and secured by its upper end to the side wall 28 of the clamping ring, this tab being intended to bear elastically against the side wall 1 of the box.
- the user After tearing of the cover 4 by lifting the tab 5, the user releases an opening in the cover 3 of the box, opening through which it consumes part of the drink contained in said box. To avoid everything spilling the remaining drink and preserving the quality and properties of this last, the user applies said device on the box.
- this device On the upper face (cover) 3 of this box, engages the protrusion 17 in the aforementioned opening in the cover, then apply to the device a slight force directed axially from top to bottom to bring, thanks to the elasticity of the skirt 11, the shoulder 22 to slide axially along the lip 7 until it come and fit under this lip.
- the rim 6 of this box will take place either in the upper housing 18 (small diameter box), or in the lower housing 20 (large diameter box).
- the user then communicates to the clamping ring 25 a rotational movement, movement which is not transmitted to the cap 9 since the latter is immobilized in rotation by the protrusion 17. Due to the rotational movement communicated to the ring 25, by the play of the eccentric cylindrical surfaces present on the internal faces side wall 28 of the ring and the external faces of the skirt 11, we then assist a progressive tightening which results in a pressure of said side wall 28 on the skirt 11, which has the effect of pressing the bearing surface 19 against the flared part of the box ; due to the elastic and compressible nature of the material constituting the skirt, this results in the desired seal between the inside of the box and the atmosphere outside.
- each housing 18, 20 may include a bearing surface 43, 44 positioned to be pressed, under the effect of the tightening produced by the ring, against the inner face of the rim 6, which contributes, if necessary, to achieve this seal.
- the box-closing device assembly resulting can then for example be stored in a refrigerator awaiting further use. It can still be hung by means of the tab 42 for example to a belt or a bag or a thong of a any equipment such as that of a hiker, a skier, etc ...
- the device can be easily separated from the box vacuum by rotation in opposite direction of the clamping ring, then axial traction upwards.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
- Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective du dispositif selon l'invention, avant sa mise en place sur une boíte de boisson,
- la figure 2 est une vue de face du dispositif après sa mise en place sur la boíte,
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 2,
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3,
- la figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4,
- la figure 6 est une vue en coupe agrandie de la zone VI de la figure 4, c'est-à-dire une vue en coupe de la jupe périphérique de la coiffe du dispositif, avant serrage de la bague de serrage,
- la figure 7 représente la même vue que la figure 6, mais après serrage de la bague de serrage, et
- la figure 8 représente la même vue que la figure 7, mais avec une boíte de boisson d'un diamètre supérieur à celui de la boíte de la figure 7.
Claims (11)
- Dispositif de fermeture pour une boíte de boisson, du type comportant une paroi latérale cylindrique (1) fermée à sa base par un fond (2) et à sa partie supérieure par un couvercle inamovible (3) qui est pourvu d'un opercule au moins partiellement séparable (4) et d'un rebord périphérique (6) et qui est raccordé, depuis sa périphérie, à l'extrémité supérieure de ladite paroi latérale par une partie évasée radialement vers l'extérieur (8), ledit dispositif comprenant :(a) une coiffe (9) formée d'une part, d'un élément supérieur (10) pourvu d'un orifice (12) et d'un goulot obturable (13) faisant saillie au-dessus de cet élément à partir de cet orifice et d'autre part, d'une jupe périphérique (11) élastiquement déformable, compressible et muni d'un premier logement annulaire (18) destiné à recevoir le rebord (6) de la boíte et d'une première surface d'appui continue (19) s'étendant sur le pourtour interne de ladite jupe, et(b) des moyens de pression de ladite première surface d'appui contre la paroi latérale ou la partie évasée de ladite boíte,
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de blocage pour empêcher toute rotation de la coiffe (9) par rapport à la boíte.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de blocage comprennent une excroissance (17) prenant naissance sur l'élément supérieur (10) de la coiffe et s'étendant au-dessous de cet élément sur une longueur suffisante pour pénétrer dans l'orifice qui se trouve formé dans le couvercle (3) de la boíte après enlèvement dudit opercule amovible (4).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite jupe périphérique comprend au moins un logement annulaire supplémentaire (20) décalé axialement et radialement par rapport au premier logement (18) et destiné à recevoir le rebord (6) d'une boíte de boisson de diamètre différent de celui de la boíte dont le rebord est destiné à être reçu dans le premier logement.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite jupe périphérique (11) comprend au moins une surface d'appui (21) continue supplémentaire axialement et radialement décalée par rapport à la première surface d'appui (19) et en ce que ladite bague de serrage comporte au moins une face intérieure (30) supplémentaire axialement et radialement décalée par rapport à la première face intérieure (29) et constituée par au moins une surface cylindrique excentrée par rapport à l'axe de symétrie de la base et coopérant avec une surface cylindrique correspondante définissant une autre face extérieure de la jupe périphérique.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque face intérieure de la bague de serrage est constituée par plusieurs surfaces cylindriques successives (31, 32, 33) qui se rejoignent et excentrées chacune par rapport à l'axe de symétrie de la boíte, ces surfaces ayant la même longueur angulaire.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque surface d'appui (19, 21) est sensiblement parallèle à la partie évasée (8) de la boíte et disposée pour être en regard de cette partie évasée.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément supérieur de la coiffe présente une gorge concentrique (24) au voisinage de sa périphérie.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque logement comporte une surface d'appui (43, 44) s'étendant sur tout son pourtour interne et qui, sous l'effet desdits moyens de pression, vient s'appliquer contre la face intérieure du rebord (6) de la boíte.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des moyens d'accrochage aptes à venir prendre appui élastiquement sur la paroi latérale de la boíte.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'accrochage comprennent une patte élastique (42) s'étendant axialement et solidaire de la bague de serrage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9801300A FR2774364B1 (fr) | 1998-02-04 | 1998-02-04 | Dispositif de fermeture pour une boite de boisson, notamment de boisson gazeuse |
FR9801300 | 1998-02-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0934887A1 true EP0934887A1 (fr) | 1999-08-11 |
EP0934887B1 EP0934887B1 (fr) | 2002-08-28 |
Family
ID=9522591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99400238A Expired - Lifetime EP0934887B1 (fr) | 1998-02-04 | 1999-02-03 | Dispositif de fermeture pour une boíte de boisson, notamment de boisson gazeuse |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0934887B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE222874T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69902601D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2774364B1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001092133A2 (fr) | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-06 | Jan Essebaggers | «element de commande d'ecoulement» anti-goutte destine a un contenant de boisson gazeuse muni d'un bec d'aspiration |
GB2413791A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-11-09 | David Dennis Dunkley | Closure device for a beverage can |
GB2457944A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | Tullman Design Ltd | A cap fixture including a spout |
US8469221B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2013-06-25 | Ball Packaging Europe Gmbh | Floating multi-chambered insert for liquid containers |
FR3027593A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-29 | Soc Viaplast | Dispositif monobloc pour refermer hermetiquement les recipients metalliques appeles canettes apres ouverture par l'utilisateur |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2814153A1 (fr) | 2000-09-15 | 2002-03-22 | Siid | Dispositif bec verseur / bouchon adaptable sur une canette |
DE10258791B4 (de) | 2002-12-16 | 2007-03-22 | Ball Packaging Europe Gmbh | Flüssigkeitsbehälter-Einsatz mit zeitdeterminierter Positionierung in einer unter Gasdruck stehenden Flüssigkeit |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0112306A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-15 | 1984-06-27 | Sergio Tontarelli | Capuchon destiné à la fermeture hermétique temporaire de boîtes métalliques cylindriques à patte d'ouverture arrachable |
US4579257A (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1986-04-01 | Braendlein Manfred | Closure for beverage cans or the like |
US5062552A (en) * | 1989-01-11 | 1991-11-05 | Walter Heubel | Spout for different size cans |
US5176278A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-01-05 | Quarberg Craig D | Beverage can resealing device |
FR2750111A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-26 | Karol Genesi | Bouchon gobelet pour canette de boissons |
-
1998
- 1998-02-04 FR FR9801300A patent/FR2774364B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-03 AT AT99400238T patent/ATE222874T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-03 EP EP99400238A patent/EP0934887B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-03 DE DE69902601T patent/DE69902601D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0112306A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-15 | 1984-06-27 | Sergio Tontarelli | Capuchon destiné à la fermeture hermétique temporaire de boîtes métalliques cylindriques à patte d'ouverture arrachable |
US4579257A (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1986-04-01 | Braendlein Manfred | Closure for beverage cans or the like |
US5062552A (en) * | 1989-01-11 | 1991-11-05 | Walter Heubel | Spout for different size cans |
US5176278A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-01-05 | Quarberg Craig D | Beverage can resealing device |
FR2750111A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-26 | Karol Genesi | Bouchon gobelet pour canette de boissons |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001092133A2 (fr) | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-06 | Jan Essebaggers | «element de commande d'ecoulement» anti-goutte destine a un contenant de boisson gazeuse muni d'un bec d'aspiration |
GB2413791A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-11-09 | David Dennis Dunkley | Closure device for a beverage can |
US8469221B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2013-06-25 | Ball Packaging Europe Gmbh | Floating multi-chambered insert for liquid containers |
GB2457944A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | Tullman Design Ltd | A cap fixture including a spout |
FR3027593A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-29 | Soc Viaplast | Dispositif monobloc pour refermer hermetiquement les recipients metalliques appeles canettes apres ouverture par l'utilisateur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2774364B1 (fr) | 2000-04-14 |
DE69902601D1 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
EP0934887B1 (fr) | 2002-08-28 |
FR2774364A1 (fr) | 1999-08-06 |
ATE222874T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
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