EP0934436B1 - Method, device and installation for the continuous displacement processing of threads - Google Patents

Abstract

The Apparatus for implementing the method of the invention comprises in succession, on the path of the thread (1): an air suction nozzle (3); at least one spray nozzle (4) for spraying a treatment bath; a removal chamber (5) for removing the air and excess treatment bath; and an air false-twist member (6); these four elements preferably forming a single-block assembly. In the spray nozzle (4) the treatment bath is sprayed at high pressure, e.g. of the order of 2x105 Pa to 6x105 Pa (2 bars to 6 bars) in the form of micro-droplets. After the apparatus, the installation includes finishing means (8) preferably consisting in two heater drums (10, 11) having offset axes, with the thread (1) being wound over the drums and moves over them in the form of substantially touching turns.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of continuous processing of textile yarns, whether yarns made up of a plurality of filaments continuous or staple fibers of natural, synthetic or artificial.

We know, in particular from documents FR.2.098.482 and FR.2.122.708 a method of treatment, in particular dyeing, with continuous in which, after passing through an impregnation chamber, we pass the wet wire through an area traversed by a draft at a pressure much lower than the pressure around the wire when the operation that caused it to humidify. The low pressure area is created in the supersonic flow of an air stream at the outlet of a converging - divergent nozzle crossed by the wire. A improvement of this process is described in documents FR.2.219.268 and FR.2.250.421 which consists in giving the air flow a movement swirling without the wire being rotated.

According to the applicant, this action of spinning the wire by air is far from sufficient to avoid splashes of treatment bath, in particular dyes, at the outlet of the device used, before drying. In addition, when the process is started, threading the thread in the various impregnation and spinning elements is not easy and requires the use of passettes, which are thin rods of wire.

Document FR.2.282.492 also discloses a process continuous processing intended mainly to treat a ribbon fibrous using a false twist organ in order to untwist this ribbon after it has received an injection of a liquid, which can be a colored liquid. In this process, at the exit of the false organ twist, the fibrous ribbon is surrounded by a liquid sheath which, in the preferred application allows bonding of the ribbon fibers.

The object of the present invention is to enable the treatment of all kinds of yarn, made up of fibers or filaments continuous, avoiding uncontrolled splashes of treatment bath and ensuring easy threading of the thread when the process is started.

a) une opération d'aspiration dans laquelle le fil est aspiré à travers une buse d'aspiration à air,

b) une opération de pulvérisation dans laquelle un bain de traitement est pulvérisé sur le fil à l'aide d'au moins une buse de pulvérisation,

c) une opération d'évacuation dans laquelle l'air et le bain de traitement, non emporté par le fil, est évacué,

d) une opération de fausse torsion dans laquelle un organe de fausse torsion à air tord le fil

e) et éventuellement une opération de séchage du fil,

l'opération de pulvérisation pouvant être réalisée soit en amont soit en aval de l'opération d'aspiration.This object is perfectly achieved by the method of treating wires in continuous movement which, typically, comprises the following successive operations, taken in the direction of movement of the wire:

a) a suction operation in which the wire is sucked through an air suction nozzle,

b) a spraying operation in which a treatment bath is sprayed onto the wire using at least one spray nozzle,

c) an evacuation operation in which the air and the treatment bath, not carried away by the wire, are evacuated,

d) a false twist operation in which an air false twist member twists the wire

e) and possibly a wire drying operation,

the spraying operation can be performed either upstream or downstream of the suction operation.

According to this process and contrary to the teaching of the document FR.2.098.482 there is not a complete impregnation of the wire per passage in a treatment bath, but spraying said treatment bath, this spraying being preferably carried out under high pressure for force the treatment bath to penetrate the moving wire to the core. The amount of spray bath is adjusted according to the take-up rate which is desired, so that the air from the suction nozzle evacuates surplus treatment bath. Of course the primary function of the nozzle air intake is to pull the wire in the direction of its displacement, this traction making it possible to achieve, during the starting the process, threading the wire without it being necessary to use mechanical means. Preferably the operation of spraying, during the introduction of the wire at the start of the process, is not start up only after threading.

Advantageously, in the case of a dye bath, the bath contains a resin including pigments. In this case it is possible to obtain a dyed thread only after the drying operation and without whether spraying or heat setting treatment is required.

It is another object of the invention to propose a device specially designed for carrying out operations a) to d) of aforementioned process. This system successively includes, on the course wire, an air suction nozzle, at least one spray nozzle a treatment bath, an air and excess discharge chamber treatment bath and a false air twist organ.

It is another object of the invention to propose a continuous wire processing installation which comprises, on the course and in the direction of movement of the wire, a first deliverer, the aforementioned device, a second deliverer, a means of drying, thermofixation or vaporization and a means of reception.

Preferably the drying means consists of two drums heating, offset axes, on which drums the wire is wound and moves in the form of substantially contiguous turns.

• La figure 1 est une représentation simplifiée de l'installation,
• La figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif comprenant la buse d'aspiration, la buse de pulvérisation , la chambre d'évacuation et l'organe de fausse torsion.
• Les figures 3,4,5 sont des vues en coupe suivant les axes III-III, IV-IV et V-V de la figure 2.

The present invention will be better understood on reading the description which will be given of a preferred embodiment of a continuous yarn dyeing installation, illustrated by the attached drawing in which:

• FIG. 1 is a simplified representation of the installation,
• Figure 2 is a sectional view of the device comprising the suction nozzle, the spray nozzle, the discharge chamber and the false twist member.
• Figures 3,4,5 are sectional views along axes III-III, IV-IV and VV of Figure 2.

According to the treatment method of the invention, the wire 1 undergoes, on his journey in continuous movement, a succession of operations, know a suction operation thanks to an air suction nozzle 3, a spraying operation of a treatment bath using a spray part 4 comprising at least one nozzle, an operation exhaust air and excess treatment bath thanks to a evacuation chamber 5, a false twist operation thanks to a false air torsion member 6 and preferably a finishing operation in a finishing station 8 before being received at a finishing station reception 9. In the example illustrated, the finishing station 8 is a station drying with two heating drums 10,11 with offset axes, allowing the formation of substantially contiguous turns moving continuously on the peripheral surface of the two drums 10,11. The reception station 9 is a single winder.

On the wire path, upstream of the suction nozzle 3 and in downstream of the false torsion member 6 can also be arranged respectively 2.7 deliverers each consisting of a pair of cylinders food. Thanks to these deliverers it is possible to vary the instantaneous wire displacement speeds; if the speed at first deliverer 2 is less than that of second deliverer 7, wire 1 is put under tension or even stretched; in the opposite case, a supercharging of the wire 1 in the assembly 12 comprising the suction, the spraying, evacuation and false twist. Likewise it is possible to vary the instantaneous speed of the wire between the second deliverer 7 and the receiving means 9.

The suction nozzle 3 consists of a hollow part 13 comprising a central channel 14 for the passage of the wire 1, an annular chamber 15 supplied with compressed air by a line 16, and four conduits 17 connecting the annular chamber 15 to the channel central 14. These four conduits 17 are also distributed around the channel 14, radially to the axis DD of the said channel and inclined in the direction of movement of the wire according to the arrow F. The compressed air coming from the conduit 16 fills the annular chamber 15 and is projected by the conduits 17 towards the inside of the central channel 14, obliquely, pushing the wire 1 in the direction of the arrow F. It should be noted that when a free end of a wire is presented to the inlet 14 a of the central channel 14, this end is naturally sucked in due to the depression created by the air flow inside the channel 14. This makes it possible to obtain easy threading of the wire into the together 12.

In the example illustrated, the structure of the spraying part 4 is similar to that just described for nozzle 3 of spraying, with the hollow part 18, the central channel 19, the chamber annular 20, the supply line 21 and the four conduits 22. The supply line 21 is supplied not with compressed air but by a pressure treatment bath which is distributed in the room annular 20 and is projected into the central channel 19 through the conduit 22. This projection of a high pressure liquid through a small diameter corresponds to a spray of fine droplets which penetrate to the core in wire 1 passing through channel 19.

The evacuation chamber 5 consists of a hollow part 23 comprising a central channel 24 for the passage of the wire 1 and laterally a large diameter discharge pipe 25 leading to a receptacle not shown, with filtering and possible recycling of the bath recovered.

The false-torsion member 6 consists of a hollow part 26 with a central channel 27, an annular chamber 28 supplied by a compressed air supply line 29 and four conduits 30 connecting the annular chamber 28 and the central channel 27 The central channel 27 is broken down, in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, into five successive portions. The first portion 27a, the most upstream in the direction of movement of the wire according to the arrow F, is a converging frustoconical portion. The other three following portions 27 b , 27 c and 27 d are cylindrical portions of increasing diameter and the fifth portion 27 e is a divergent frustoconical portion. The four conduits 30 are arranged between the annular chamber 28 and the third portion 27 c of the central channel 27 so that the compressed air penetrates tangentially with respect to said channel, creating a vortex movement inside said third portion 27 c .

The second portion 27b has a small diameter which is slightly greater than the diameter of the wire 1 to be treated. Under these conditions, the air that escapes from the conduits 30 is preferably driven downstream, that is to say towards the portions 27 c to 27 e , which gives the false torsion member 6 a component. suction, which further facilitates threading the wire at the start of the installation. The frusto-conical shape of the first portion 27 a is also designed to facilitate this threading. In addition, the small diameter of the second portion 27b also makes it possible to prevent the excess treatment bath coming from the central channel 4 from the evacuation chamber 5 from entering the false torsion member 6.

The embodiment which has just been described with regard to the assembly 12 is not limitative of the invention. The number of conduits, their angle of inclination relative to the axis DD, their section, the pressure supply for each pipe depend on the amount of bath treatment to be deposited on the wire, the viscosity of the treatment bath, wire speed ...

It would possibly be possible to reverse the suction nozzle 3 and the spraying part 4. However, it should be noted that the device which has just been described has an important advantage, compared to this second version, namely that the air sent into the central channel 14 of the suction nozzle 3 in the direction of the arrow F prevents the rise, against the flow of the wire 1, of the treatment bath droplets projected into the central channel 19 of the room spray 4. In operation there is therefore no flow of treatment bath escaping through the inlet 14 a of the channel 14 of the suction nozzle 3.

In order for the evacuation of the air and of the excess treatment bath to be carried out under good conditions, it is important that the section of the evacuation pipe 25 is greater than or at least equal to that of the inlet orifice 14 a of the suction nozzle 3. Similarly, the section of the central channel 19 of the spraying part 4 must be equal to or greater than that of the central channel 14 of the suction nozzle 3.

In a specific embodiment, which is given by way of illustration and not exhaustive, the three central channels 14,19,24 had the same diameter of 5mm and the discharge pipe 25 has a diameter of 8.5mm. The conduits 17, 22 had a diameter of the order of 0.5 to 0.8 mm. The pressure of the compressed air supplying the suction nozzle 3 and the false-twist member 6 was 3 and 6, respectively. 10 ⁵ Pa (3 and 6 bars). The supply pressure of the treatment bath in the line 21 of the spraying part 4 was 4.10 ⁵ Pa (4 bars). Under these conditions, with a treatment bath comprising a concentration of the order of 100 g / l of a pigmented resin, of the acrylic type, an acrylic yarn of 33 tex was obtained at speeds of several hundred meters per minute. a take-up rate of the order of 10 to 20% at the outlet of the assembly 12, the take-up rate being, in proportion with respect to the dry weight of the wire, the amount of treatment bath carried by it . In addition, the distribution of the pigmented resin in the cross section of the wire turns out to be perfectly homogeneous. We can give the following explanation to this. The droplets are projected onto the wire at very high speed and penetrate the heart of the wire; this penetration is further improved by the temporary torsion caused by the false torsion member 6, a torsion which rises on the wire at least at the level of the evacuation chamber 5.

It should also be noted that the passage of the wire 1 through the false twist 6 also has the effect of making a spin wire mechanics, which explains the low take-up rate possible thanks to set 12.

In the installation which is illustrated in FIG. 1, the wire 1 emerging from the assembly 12 is dried on the two heating drums 10,11 then coil. The two deliverers 2 and 7 make it possible to adjust the speeds snapshots of wire 1 during its upstream and downstream movement of the assembly 12 then between the assembly 12 and the winder 9. It is therefore thanks to this setting of instantaneous speeds, it is possible to supercharging of the wire 1 during its passage through the assembly 12. This possibility is particularly interesting for the treatment of threads textured multifilament, not heat-set, for example yarns polyester. This usually avoids all operations desirable if we want to obtain a particularly textured yarn in the end bulky and swelling. According to the applicant, the implementation of the installation according to the invention provides results on this type of product better than a dye on hanks. The implementation of speeds different localized as above turns out particularly interesting when it comes to maintaining a foam effect on a given wire or elastic.

Preferably, for reasons of ease of assembly and also interaction of different elements with each other, the assembly constituted by the suction nozzle, the spraying part, the evacuation chamber and the false twist member is formed under a one-piece shape.

Claims (11)

1. A method of treating a thread in continuous displacement, the method comprising the following successive operations taken in the displacement direction of the thread (1):

   a) a suction operation in which the thread (1) is sucked through an air suction nozzle (3);

   b) a spraying operation in which a treatment bath is sprayed onto the thread (1) by means of at least one spray nozzle (4);

   c) a removal operation in which the air and the treatment bath that has not been taken up by the thread (1) are removed;

   d) a false-twist operation in which an air false-twist member (6) twists the thread; and

   e) optionally an operation of drying the thread;

   the spraying operation being capable of being performed either upstream or downstream from the suction operation.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the spraying operation, the treatment bath is sprayed at high pressure, e.g. of the order of 2'10⁵ Pa to 6'10⁵ Pa.
3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that while the thread is being inserted on starting the method, the spraying operation is not put into operation until after the thread has been threaded.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for a dye bath the bath contains a resin including pigments.
5. Apparatus for implementing operations a) to d) of the method of claim 1, the apparatus being characterized in that it comprises in succession, on the path of the thread (1): an air suction nozzle (3); at least one spray nozzle (4) for spraying a treatment bath; a removal chamber (5) for removing the air and the excess treatment bath; and an air false-twist member (6).
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the suction nozzle (3) is constituted by a hollow piece (13) comprising a central channel (14) for passing the thread (1) passes, an annular chamber (15) fed with compressed air by a pipe (16), and a plurality of ducts (17) connecting the annular chamber (15) to the central channel (14), said ducts being disposed radially about the axis DD of the channel (14) and being inclined in the thread displacement direction (F).
7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the spray piece (4) is constituted by a hollow piece (18) comprising a central channel (19) for passing the thread, an annular chamber (20) fed with treatment bath under pressure by a pipe (21), and a plurality of ducts (22) connecting the annular chamber (20) radially to the central channel (19).
8. Apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the removal chamber (5) is constituted by a hollow piece (23) comprising a central channel (24) for passing the thread (1) and by a side removal pipe (25), and in that the section of the removal pipe (25) is greater than or equal to the inlet section for the thread into the air suction nozzle (3).
9. Apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the air suction nozzle, the spray piece, the removal chamber, and the false-twist member form a single block assembly.
10. An installation for continuously treating thread, the installation comprising, on the path of and in the displacement direction of the thread: first delivery means (2); Apparatus (12) according to any one of claims 5 to 9; second delivery means (7); finishing means (8); and receiver means (9).
11. An installation according to claim 10, characterized in that the finishing means (8) consist in two heater drums (10, 11) with offset axes, the thread (1) being wound over said drums and moving in the form of substantially touching turns.

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