EP0930153A2 - Device for compacting materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The compressor (1) has a housing (2) with a driven conveyor worm (4). The drive end (8) of the conveyor is turnably fastened to the housing and is connected to the drive unit (3) via a transmission (11). The other worm end projects freely towards the collection chamber (7) for the compressed material. The drive end is formed by a drive shaft (9), which projects outwards through a shaft aperture (10) in the housing. The housing has an upper intake (5) formed by the top end (20) of an intake funnel (21), which is open at the bottom. The funnel contains a dispenser for a cleaning and/or desinfecting and/or processing material.

Description

The invention relates to a material compacting device, in particular for recyclable materials Waste material, with at least one rotatably mounted in a housing and with a drive device drive-connected screw conveyor. The case points a feed opening for material to be compressed and one of these in the transport direction downstream of the screw conveyor to accommodate the compressed Material on.

Such a material compression device is known from DE 295 17 013. At In the previously known device, the material to be compressed is fed through a feed opening of a folding shaft and then taken over by a screw conveyor and condensed. At the opposite opening in the transport direction At the end of the screw conveyor, the compressed material is placed in a collecting container funded in which the material is temporarily stored until it is picked up by a disposal company becomes.

A disadvantage of the known material compression device is that the screw conveyor is complex and fixed on both sides and a transmission of a driving force on the screw conveyor due to their arrangement in the chute relatively complicated and easy to damage and relatively expensive in terms of technical complexity.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a material compression device of the type mentioned to improve in that they have a simpler structure and is cheaper to produce, while a drive connection to Screw conveyor should be relatively unaffected by interference.

This task is related to the features of the preamble of the claim 1 solved in that the screw conveyor protrudes freely towards the collecting space at its opposite drive end on the housing rotatable stored and drive connected to the drive device at this drive end is.

Through the free protrusion or cantilever of the screw conveyor towards the collecting area results on the one hand that compressed material is unhindered by an additional Storage of the screw conveyor is hindered in the delivery to the collection room. On the other hand, the construction of the material compression device becomes significant Simplified and cheaper because the screw conveyor is only on one side at the drive end is stored. This drive end is still opposite the collecting room, so that this end comes into contact with material that has not yet been compressed could. This will damage the drive end or the connection to the drive device but largely excluded.

To the drive end essentially entirely before contact with the one to be compressed A drive shaft designed as a drive end can protect material the conveyor screw protrude through a shaft opening in the housing and in particular be motionally connected to the drive device via a gear.

For easy storage and mounting of at least the gearbox and if necessary the entire drive device, the transmission, or the Drive device held by the drive shaft, that is arranged on this be.

A certain evasive movement of the screw conveyor when compacting the material The screw conveyor can enable, in particular, adjacent to the collecting space as a two-armed lever with the shaft opening or one assigned to it Rotary bearing can be designed as a lever bearing.

Monitoring the material compacting device and in particular the screw conveyor can be done in that a deflection detection device for detection a deflection movement of the screw conveyor from its central position of the drive device and / or the drive shaft is assigned. It comes in this context one that is difficult or impossible to compact by the screw conveyor Material into the screw conveyor, when trying to compact this material, deflected from their normal central position and this deflection by the deflection detection device detected. There can then be an emergency shutdown, for example the material compacting device.

To set a permissible load on the screw conveyor in a simple manner the deflection detection device with the drive device and / or the drive shaft and have a fixed point connected spring element. By the spring force becomes the permissible load and accordingly the force for deflection the screw conveyor.

For simple attachment of the spring element to the drive shaft in particular, can the spring element is connected to the drive shaft via an arm protruding therefrom be. This can protrude vertically from the drive shaft and is in particular arranged rotatably relative to the housing.

For easy recording of a qualitative and quantitative deflection of the screw conveyor can the deflection detection device relative to the spring element Fixed point opposite sensor, in particular microswitch. By this sensor becomes a corresponding one with a tension spring as spring element Deflection of the spring is detected and, for example, corresponding to the deflection Converted force. When a maximum predetermined force is exceeded the material compacting device can then be switched off. Likewise possible that the spring element is a compression spring and the contact sensor arranged so is that it compresses the spring when the screw is deflected detected and also a shutdown when detecting a maximum deflection force initiated. Additional sensors for detecting a deflection, or also directly a corresponding deflection force are known per se and can also be used the material compression device according to the invention can be used.

A simple compacting by the screw conveyor can be achieved if at least two areas arranged one behind the other in the direction of transport with different Has slope. The slope is arranged closer to the collecting room Compressor area larger, or a distance between coils the screw is smaller than in the feed area assigned in particular to the feed opening the screw conveyor. The slope can be continuous in this context increase in the compressor area towards the collecting space or a constant one Show value in the compressor range.

For easy feeding of material to be compacted, the feed opening can be used as be formed at the upper end of a feed funnel which is open towards the feed area at the bottom. The material can be manually or automatically, directly or indirectly the feed opening and thus be entered into the feed hopper. For example, an indirect one The feed opening can be automatically fed via a connecting channel an input opening of a return device for waste material. The Return device can also have a corresponding input opening for the material, a material detection device, a material selection device for distribution of different material to different material compacting devices and the like.

If material is filled into the material compacting device, this can Material still contain impurities, such as liquid residues in Bechem or the like. To avoid these residues as much as possible before the Discharging compressed material to the collecting space can be essentially opposite to the feed hopper and at least below the feed area of the screw conveyor the housing has a collecting funnel for collecting the residues.

In this context, it is also considered to be advantageous if between Collecting funnel and screw conveyor is arranged through a perforated base plate which can drain the residues towards the collecting funnel.

To both the material to be compacted and the device itself from residues or other contamination can be cleaned, at least inside the Feed hopper delivery devices for a cleaning and / or disinfecting and / or processing means can be arranged. This way, certain Chemicals, water or the like both before, during and after use the material compacting device are supplied. The funds supplied can to clean and rinse both the material and the device. Furthermore, they can perform certain hygienic and health functions, for example to kill germs or the like. After all, such Funds are added that the further processing of the material during recycling, at support its burning, biodegradation of the material or the like.

In the device described at the beginning in DE 295 17 013, it also rotates of the material with the screw conveyor prevents that below the screw conveyor Knives or hooks are arranged on a floor. This will make the whole Construction in turn is relatively complex and these knives and hooks must be separate be placed on the floor below the screw conveyor. Furthermore, these are Facilities relatively difficult to access, possibly the entire screw conveyor must be removed to access these facilities.

For the construction of a material compression device, in particular that described so far Kind of improving that material is simple and easily accessible is prevented from rotating with the screw conveyor, is at least on the housing one transverse to the feed opening and substantially opposite to Deflection device extending transport direction of the screw conveyor arranged. This means, in particular, that the screw conveyor is reached before it reaches the compressor area a relative movement between the material and the screw conveyor is initiated, so that the material is transported further in the direction of transport and in particular compacted can be.

Such a deflector advantageously extends close to the Screw conveyor and can have at least one deflecting finger.

In the case of certain materials, this may be the case with contact with the deflecting finger already shredding or at least deflecting it in the direction of the screw conveyor the deflecting finger at least one opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor have a cutting edge.

An advantageous arrangement of the deflecting finger can be seen when it is at the bottom Protrudes from the end of the feed hopper.

To ensure that material also rotates with the screw conveyor in the compressor area to prevent the rejection device at least one essentially in the direction of transport have a running deflector strip between the housing and the screw conveyor. In particular, the deflector strip can rest on the compressor area in the housing at least partially surrounding detachably attached. By the detachable attachment also results in a simple exchange of a deflector strip in the event of wear or damage.

Bumpers and bumpers can be made of the same material, in particular a suitable plastic material. The deflector finger can also be used be designed as an end of a deflector bar protruding into the feed hopper.

In the device according to DE 295 17 013, a corresponding collecting container is used Picking up the compacted material at the end of a conveyor screw Drop chute arranged and compacted material is picked up by a Disposer temporarily stored. This can result in that, for example, at not completely filled collection container compressed material due to a certain Self-elasticity automatically expands again and so does compression is partially canceled. Furthermore, the collection container must appear to be total be emptied or transported away and in the latter case by a new collection container be replaced.

In particular in connection with the previously described invention Material compression device a variable volume for a collecting space To make available and at the same time the compression achieved by the screw conveyor can maintain a collection space between a delivery end of the screw conveyor and an adjustable bearing in the transport direction of the screw conveyor, in particular cylindrical, collecting container be formed. Through this collection container essentially there is a counter pressure element that opposes a pressure to the direction of transport of the screw conveyor and thus a reduction in compaction counteracts and additionally supports the compression by the counter pressure.

The adjustable storage of the collection container can be so in this context take place that a preset pressure in the compressed material at variable volume of the collecting space to control the final material density is maintained. Farther can adjust the compression in connection with, for example the speed of the screw conveyor can be set. Corresponding control and Control devices with possibly associated display instruments and setting devices can be provided as part of the material compacting device.

In addition, the collection container can correspond to the accumulation of compressed material while maintaining a corresponding back pressure in the direction of the conveyor screw from the discharge end of the screw conveyor while enlarging the collecting space remove.

To easily transport the compacted material and remove it from the collection container to be able to, in the collection container a receiving the compacting material bag-like collecting container can be arranged. This is condensed into this The material is pressed in and a filled container is removed.

For the provision of collecting containers of different sizes, in particular Length, and continue to easily manufacture such a collecting container, can the collecting container can be made of a tubular plastic material.

Such a department can take place in particular if there is a certain one in each case Amount of compacted material is filled, with the collection container in this Case automatically divisible when reaching a predetermined length and / or from the Collection container is automatically removable and / or can be closed automatically.

To fill a collection container with an essentially predetermined amount compacted material and when a substantially predetermined length is reached for the collection container without interrupting further compression to divide and remove by the material compacting device can Removing the collection container from the discharge end of the screw conveyor a conveyor stroke be performed. The conveyor stroke can be carried out relatively quickly, whereby at the end of the conveying stroke, a free space is created in the collecting container is divided and sealed tightly.

Around the screw conveyor, especially in the transition between the feed area and the compressor area there may be a helical reinforcement of the screw conveyor be trained.

Another disadvantage of the known material compression device is that, for example if the collection container is not completely filled, compressed material automatically expands again due to a certain intrinsic elasticity and thus the compression is at least partially canceled. Furthermore, the collection container as a whole be emptied or removed and in the latter case by a new one Collection container to be replaced.

Due to the twisted arrangement of the collection container in its end position its filling position, in which compacted material is conveyed into the collection container the material is easily removed from the collection container. In the filling position is the Collection containers are usually aligned in the direction of transport, opposite to which he is with its axis is pivoted into the end position. This will open the collection container easily accessible.

If the collecting container is essentially in the transport direction on at least one Guide is adjustable, there is a simple and reproducible assignment of collection container and compression device.

To with a corresponding evasive movement caused by a deflection force the screw conveyor if necessary when a certain maximum is exceeded Evasion movement to enable an emergency shutdown or after deflecting the The end of the bearing can be used to ensure the screw conveyor returns to the normal position and / or the drive device a deflection detection device and / or a reset device may be assigned. The deflection detection device can an embodiment directly a deflection of the bearing end from the normal position record and, for example, initiate a corresponding emergency shutdown. As well the deflection detection device can pivot the drive-connected to the bearing end Detect drive device and this movement if necessary implement in an emergency shutdown of the material compression device. To in this Connection, for example, a deflection force acting on the screw conveyor in the To be able to capture essentially, a spring device as a resetting device be arranged. This resetting device acts on a deflection of the screw conveyor a certain force, whereby only when a certain is exceeded Value of this increasing due to the spring action with increasing deflection For example, an emergency shutdown of the material compression device takes place. The screw conveyor is essentially pivotable in the manner of a two-armed lever stored, with a lever arm protruding outwards from the housing Bearing end and the other lever arm by the rotatably mounted in the housing remaining screw conveyor is formed.

In both cases, it is advantageous if the collecting container can be pushed onto the end housing and can be removed from it by gradual filling.
In the case of individual sack-like collecting containers, for ease of handling and for simply closing the collecting container, it is to be regarded as advantageous if it has a filling opening which can be closed by a closing band arranged in the opening edge. By grasping the closing strap, it is pulled out of the opening edge and the edge is contracted thereby reducing the filling opening until the filling opening closes. The pulled-out loop can also be used to transport the closed collection container.

In order to maintain a uniform compression of the material in the collection container, can the collection container according to the degree of filling of the collection container can be moved in a controlled manner along the guide until the collection container is removed be.

To remove a filled collection container to arrange a new one To facilitate the collection container, the collection container can be made up of two parts Bottom shell can be built, which are together at one end of the collecting container are pivotally connected to each other. Such a swivel connection can for example through openings in a shell and corresponding in the Swiveling pins engaging openings arranged on the other shell be educated.

The upper and lower shells can preferably be at the closed end of the collecting container be pivotally connected to one another and the lower shell can be used for Removal of the collection container can be pivoted away from the upper shell.

For improved storage of the upper and lower shell and for improved guidance can guide and / or support device and / or slide shoe and / or guide element to be arranged on both sides of the upper or lower shell. The guides can as guide rails with different profile shapes such as T-, C-profile or the like be trained. In particular support device and guide element from The upper or lower shell can preferably be designed as rotatable rollers that along one or between two guide surfaces of the corresponding guide profile unroll. The sliding shoes are preferably on top of the corresponding one Guide profile on and are slidable along this.

As a variant of the invention, the screw conveyor at its end facing the delivery end End section arranged approximately perpendicular to the direction of transport Has spatula section. This spatula section provides sufficient resistance to the material if the material roughly injures the screw conveyor at its end. The spatula increases the crushing effect on the surface of the material. By doing the spatula section grazes the surface of the material being removed like a spatula, arises as a result of the pressure and the circular movement of the spatula section Increase the material temperature of the material. As a result, the material easier to keep in the compressed form. The material becomes soft in certain areas, in particular when using plastic materials and fits the compressed Shape better. The old form before filling in the compression device is more likely to be abandoned.

In a special way, the spatula section can be in the form of a sector of a circle, preferably be formed with approximately 90 ° sector angle. The circular sector shape is good on that Rotary movement of a screw conveyor adapted. At about 90 ° sector angle results an effective support of the removed material with sufficient heat generation and there is sufficient passage space for newly removed material.

The spatula section can conceivably adjoin the end of the spiral of the screw conveyor and be connected to the axis of rotation of the screw conveyor. This ensures continuous removal of material from the end of the screw.

It is proposed that between the collecting space and the discharge end of the compression device a material compressing end compression space is provided in which the compression device conveys. The final compression space forms a kind Storage form in which the material is accumulated and compressed again. Thereby the material obtains a desired approximately tubular shape, which it essentially maintains when it is fed to the collection container. This makes it easier Bagging. Material accumulated in the final compression space forms a kind of material plug, against which the compression device promotes. This has a favorable effect the compression effect of the compression device. When using a screw conveyor the compression thrust is constantly against the surface of the material plug in the final compression space so that unbalance is reduced. The material is compressed again in the final compression space and retains the level achieved in this way Shape better at.

Preferably, the cross section of the final compression space can be in the direction from Taper the delivery end towards the collection area. This will cause the material to go through of the final compression chamber compressed again.

According to a special embodiment, the walls of the compression space with anti-rotation guiding devices extending in the conveying direction be provided. The guide device brakes the rotational components of the compressed material so that it is easier to absorb at the end. If a rotating screw conveyor is used, this increases the friction effect of the screw conveyor the material so that it heats up and softens something. The rubbing of the screw conveyor against the compacted material, for example with the spatula section mentioned above, material temperatures up to 120 ° C can be softened if the material is dry and has a large amount of plastic.

It is proposed that the collection container can be moved in via two support points the guide is mounted, with a first support point closer to the filling opening of the Collection container and a second support point closer to the closed end of the Collection container is provided. The two support points form the sliding or roll-movable ones Places with which the collection container is slidably mounted in the guide is.

In a special way, one of the support points can have a pivot bearing for the collecting container. The collecting container can be rotated in the pivot bearing when the other support point performs the corresponding angular movement.
In the end position, one support point can preferably be pivoted out of the guide, the other support point forming the pivot bearing for the collecting container. When the one guide point is pivoted out, it can perform an angular movement around the other guide point, so that the collecting container can be pivoted into the desired position.

As a variant of the invention, a in the collecting container and / or the cleaning device cleaning the compression space may be provided. With the Cleaning device can residues of the material to be compressed in the Collection container or the compression space can be eliminated. The cleaning device can also be used for disinfecting, in the appropriate detergent Additions can be added.

Possibly the compression device designed as a screw conveyor have at least one feed channel of the cleaning device, the outlet nozzles is provided for flushing the compression chamber. Via the feed channel Detergent fed to the outlet nozzles. By arranging the screw conveyor directly in the compression room, the detergent is central from the middle of the Compression chamber supplied so that it is sprayed out well. By turning the screw conveyor For example, the nozzles can rotate accordingly, so that the compression space is sprayed all around.

The feed channel can conceivably extend axially in the axis of rotation of the screw conveyor. This ensures that the cleaning agent is fed centrally into the compression chamber.

It is proposed that a flange on which the opening edge of the collecting container is in the filling position, is designed as a feed means of the cleaning device and is provided with spray nozzles opening into the collecting container. Over the spray nozzles the collecting container can be cleaned. The feed takes place via the flange of the cleaning agent that is fed directly into the collection container with the spray nozzles becomes. The cleaning process is thus protected within the collection container.

The flange can advantageously be provided with a detergent outlet point be. Through the detergent outlet, this can be in the collection container or detergent injected into the compression chamber together with the dissolved ones Residues are exported and collected.

In a special way, a deflection device extending transversely in a feed opening a flat, roof-like over one extending across the feed opening Deflection fingers have the cover part provided. Through the deflector finger in particular before the screw reaches the compressor area initiated a relative movement between material and screw conveyor, so that Material can be transported and compacted in the direction of transport. The material is thus prevented from rotating uniformly with the screw conveyor, so that the compressor action occurs. The deflecting finger preferably extends transversely to the feed opening and essentially opposite to the transport direction of the screw conveyor. The roof surface part arranged above prevents that Material hooked onto the deflector finger. This ensures continuous operation the system, since no pieces of waste get caught on the finger.

The cover surface part can preferably correspond to the radius of curvature of the screw conveyor container be adjusted. This favors the continuous material removal and - compaction by the screw conveyor.

The cover surface part can preferably be provided in a corner of the feed opening be. This corner is preferably close to the compression space in the direction of transport Screw conveyor is provided so that the material is before entering the compression chamber accordingly must move relative to the screw conveyor and the compaction effect entry.

In a special way, the cover surface part can be on one side on the edge of the screw conveyor and on an adjacent side on the feed opening bordering hopper.

To prevent the feed opening to the screw conveyor during operation for safety reasons is open, the feed opening can be pivoted by at least one stored flap device can be closed.

In order to be able to use the flap device for safe filling at the same time, this can be between a closed / fill position and an open / dump position be pivoted. In the closed position, the flap device the feed opening is closed and at the same time waste material can enter the outside Flap device can be filled into the screw conveyor without risk of interference. In the open position, the flap device clears the feed opening and automatically tilts the product filled into it via the feed opening in the direction of the screw conveyor out.

In this context, it is considered favorable if the flap device rocking on bearing arms protruding upwards from a swivel plate is pivotally mounted. The bearing plate serves both to close the feed opening as well as a receiving area for filled waste material. When swiveling the swivel plate around the bearing arms becomes the feed opening at the same time Closing a filling opening and the filled goods automatically by the swivel plate is emptied in the direction of the screw conveyor.

To automatically close the flap device, for example, when a user is close to bring a corresponding position, the flap device can automatically and Sensor-controlled between closed / fill position and open / dump position be. That means, as a rule, the flap device is in its opening / tipping position, in the event of an accidental external intervention in the screw conveyor surrounding housing is prevented. If a user approaches now, the flap device pivoted sensor-controlled into their closed / filling position, so that a It is possible to fill the swivel plate from the outside. Then the user moves away from the vicinity of the material compression device is also sensor-controlled swiveling the flap device back into its opening / tipping position, in which the feed opening to the screw conveyor is open and on the Goods placed on the swivel plate are fed to the screw conveyor.

For safety reasons, an electric motor can be used to actuate the flap device have a friction clutch and an additional safety sensor can be provided to pivot the flap device into the open / dump position to interrupt if a user or other object is still there is arranged in the region of the pivoting path of the flap device.

To fill the material compression device on both sides simultaneously and independently to allow each other, two from opposite sides Fillable flap devices through an essentially vertical partition be separated from each other.

To prevent the waste container from being filled with compressed waste, that this emerges again, the container on the inside can be a particular have two-part retaining ring. This is, for example, on the inside welded on and provided separately for the upper and lower shell. During the Compacting the waste material pushes the screw conveyor material into the collection container or the collection container, this material both in Direction of the already filled material as well as towards the inner walls of the collecting container is pressed. If the waste material reaches a stand where it Fills the collecting container up to the retaining ring, this acts like a narrowed bottle neck, to keep the compressed material inside the collection container. If the collection container is then pivoted, for example, the retaining ring holds it compacted material and minimizes an increase in volume due to the remaining Shape memory of the filled materials. Subsequently, for example the collection container is closed and tied. Then he can Collection container opened and the collection container removed.

In order to securely hold the upper and lower shell together while filling the collecting container to connect, they can be locked together in their closed position be. This can be done, for example, by a pivotally mounted one on the upper shell take hook-shaped holder, with its hook end in the closed position of the upper and lower shells reaches behind a retaining pin that protrudes from the lower shell.

In order to open the upper and lower shell when opening the collecting container To define, a restraint for determining a maximum opening angle.

A simple exemplary embodiment for such a restraint device is included therein see if this one stick protruding from one shell and one on the other Shell has pivotably mounted pin guide. When opening the collection container, the pin slides along the slide guide up to a stop in the pin guide, this stop determines the maximum opening angle. The attack can be adjustable.

To twist the collection container relative to the collection container during the Can prevent filling of the compacted material from the screw conveyor anti-rotation projections are arranged at the bottom of the collecting container. An example for such an arrangement of anti-rotation protrusions is an anti-turnstile.

In order to facilitate the handling of the collection container and in particular this in swiveling a removal position for the collecting container can be done by the collecting container a handle which in particular forms part of a locking device stand out. The locking device in this context includes those mentioned above hook-shaped holder and corresponding holding pins.

At least partially around an opening edge of the collecting container after it has been filled to pivot in the direction of the filling opening of the collecting container can Collection holder at an upper end portion of the collection container toward it Filling opening can be pivoted. The opening edge is around this collecting holder of the collecting container and when swiveling the collecting holder in In the direction of the filling opening, this opening edge also becomes in the direction of the filling opening pivoted and can be detected more easily and, if necessary, locked.

Figur 1

einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung;

Figur 2

eine Vorderansicht der Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht auf die Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1;

Figur 4

eine Vorderansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung analog zu Figur 1;

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht auf das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4;

Figur 6

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Sammelbehälter mit teilweise verschwenkter Unterschale;

Figur 7

einen Sammelbehälter nach Figur 6 mit in einer Endschwenkposition angeordneter Unterschale;

Figur 8

eine Seitenansicht auf eine Förderschnecke der Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1;

Figur 9

eine Vorderansicht auf das Abgabeende der Förderschnecke nach Figur 8;

Figur 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf die Seite und das Abgabeende der Förderschnecke der Figuren 8 und 9;

Figur 11

einen ausschnittsweisen Axialschnitt durch das Endgehäuse mit Verdichtungseinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Figur 12

eine Frontansicht auf das Abgabeende der Verdichtungseinrichtung nach Figur 11;

Figuren 13-19

Seitenansichten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Sammelbehälter in verschiedenen sukzessiven Sammelbehälterpositionen;

Figur 20

eine prinzipielle Darstellung eines Hydraulikschaltkreises zur Verstellung eines Sammelbehälters von erfindungsgemäßen Materialverdichtungsvorrichtungen;

Figur 21

eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung mit Reinigungsvorrichtung gemäß eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 22

eine Draufsicht auf einen Abschnitt der Materialverdichtungsvorrichtung gemäß dem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Figur 23

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit XIII in Figur 22;

Figur 24

eine Seitenansicht eines noch weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Materialverdichtugnsvorrichtung;

Figur 25

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie XXV-XXV;

Figur 26

eine Vorderansicht eines Sammelbehälters gemäß eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 27

eine Draufsicht auf den Sammelbehälter nach Figur 26, und

Figuren 28-33

verschieden sukzessive Positionen des Sammelbehälters gemäß eines noch weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels.

In the following, advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained and described in more detail with reference to the figures enclosed in the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1

a longitudinal section through a material compression device according to the invention;

Figure 2

a front view of the material compression device according to Figure 1;

Figure 3

a plan view of the material compression device according to Figure 1;

Figure 4

a front view of a second embodiment of a material compression device analogous to Figure 1;

Figure 5

a plan view of the second embodiment of Figure 4;

Figure 6

a second embodiment of a collecting container with a partially pivoted lower shell;

Figure 7

a collecting container according to Figure 6 with the lower shell arranged in an end pivot position;

Figure 8

a side view of a screw conveyor of the material compression device according to Figure 1;

Figure 9

a front view of the discharge end of the screw conveyor according to Figure 8;

Figure 10

a perspective view of the side and the discharge end of the screw conveyor of Figures 8 and 9;

Figure 11

a partial axial section through the end housing with compression device of a material compression device according to the invention according to a further embodiment;

Figure 12

a front view of the discharge end of the compression device of Figure 11;

Figures 13-19

Side views of the device according to the invention with a further exemplary embodiment for a collecting container in different successive collecting container positions;

Figure 20

a schematic representation of a hydraulic circuit for adjusting a collecting container of material compression devices according to the invention;

Figure 21

a side view of a material compression device according to the invention with cleaning device according to a further embodiment;

Figure 22

a plan view of a portion of the material compression device according to the further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 23

an enlarged view of detail XIII in Figure 22;

Figure 24

a side view of yet another embodiment of the material compression device according to the invention;

Figure 25

a section along the line XXV-XXV;

Figure 26

a front view of a collecting container according to a further embodiment;

Figure 27

a plan view of the collection container of Figure 26, and

Figures 28-33

different successive positions of the collecting container according to yet another embodiment.

In Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the material compression device according to the invention 1 shown. This has a housing 2, in which a screw conveyor 4 one end 8 is rotatably supported. The housing 2 comprises a collecting funnel 21, which has a feed opening 5 at the upper end 20. At its lower end 32 the feed hopper 21 extends tangentially to and in the longitudinal direction, respectively Transport direction 6 of the screw conveyor 4.

The end 8 of the screw conveyor 4 supported in the housing 2 is of a drive shaft 9 formed, which projects outside of the housing 2. A gear is on the drive shaft 9 11 held, with a shaft end 52 of the drive shaft 9 via the gear 11 protrudes outwards. The transmission 11 has a motor as the drive device 3 connected, whereby the screw conveyor 4 via the drive shaft 9 and the transmission 11 is motionally connected to the drive device 3. Adjacent to a shaft opening 10 in the housing 2 for the drive shaft 8 is a bearing 12 for rotatable mounting the screw conveyor 4 is arranged. The bearing 12 is also a lever bearing for the screw conveyor 4. The lever arm is through the drive shaft 9 projecting outward from the lever bearing 12 and the other lever arm formed by the remaining screw conveyor 4 arranged in the housing 2. The the drive shaft 9 opposite end of the screw conveyor 4 is freely protruding, or projecting into the housing 2.

The screw conveyor 4 has a first, the lower end 32 of the feed hopper 21 assigned area 19 and another adjoining it in the transport direction 6 Area 18, wherein the first area is a feed area 19 and the second area is a compressor area 18. The compressor area 18 differs from Feed area 19 by a larger slope and / or a closer distance Helix.

In the transport direction 6, the feed hopper 21 is followed by a conveyor screw 4 surrounding it Collection annulus 53, a collection container 37 surrounding this and a guide 54 for adjusting the collecting container 37 in the transport direction 6, these elements are also part of the housing 2.

Between a discharge end 36 of the screw conveyor 4 and the collecting container 37 a collecting space 7 is formed. A sack-like collecting container 38 is arranged in this, partially pushed onto the outside of the collecting annulus 53 as housing part 39 is.

On an inside of the housing part 39 or the collecting annulus 53 deflector strips 33 are detachably fastened as part of a deflector device. At least one the deflector strips 33 extend into the feed funnel 21 at its lower end 32 to form a deflecting finger 26 are deflecting fingers 26 and deflecting strips 33 in loose contact or a short distance from the screw conveyor 4.

The screw conveyor 4 is arranged in Figure 1 in a central position 14 in which it is rotates and from which it is pivotable about lever bearing 12.

In the transition from the feed area 19 to the compressor area 18 there is a screw helix 4, a material thickening is formed as a spiral reinforcement 48.

In one embodiment of the invention are in a base plate 23, the screw conveyor 4 surrounds opposite the feed hopper 21, bottom openings 51 arranged. This can be a fluid for cleaning, disinfection or the like as well as residues in the material to be compressed which is fed to the interior 24 of the feed hopper 21 Material are discharged in the direction of a collecting funnel 22. This Collection funnel 22 may be connected to collection annulus 53.

It can also be seen in the figure that the screw conveyor 4 is in the direction of rotation 27 moves what seen from the shaft opening 10 towards the collecting space 7 one Clockwise rotation corresponds.

FIG. 2 shows a front view of the material compression device according to FIG. 1. At the projecting shaft end 52 of the drive shaft 9 is the gear 11 and an arm 16 protruding radially outward from the drive shaft 9. On the gearbox 11, a motor is attached as a drive device 3.

A free end of the arm 16 is assigned a deflection detection device 13. This includes a microswitch as sensor 17 and a spring element 15. This is attached to both the free end of the arm 16 and at a fixed point 49. Opposite the sensor 17 is arranged relative to the spring 15 relative to the arm end. Laterally and essentially parallel to the drive shaft 9 are as reset elements two piston-cylinder units mounted on the housing 2.

FIG. 3 shows a top view of the material compression device according to FIG. 1. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals and are only partially mentioned.

The piston-cylinder units extend between the housing flanges and with the holding flanges connected to the collecting container 37. By changing the length of the piston-cylinder units is the collecting container 37 along the guide 54 adjustable in transport direction 6.

Furthermore, the deflecting finger 26 can be seen in FIG. 3, which is parallel to the screw conveyor 4 at the lower end 32, see Figure 1, of the feed hopper 21 is arranged. The finger 26 has a length 29 with which it extends over the lateral boundaries of the feed hopper 21 protrudes into the opening of the funnel formed at the lower end 32.

In Figure 4 is a second embodiment of a material compression device shown in Figure 1. This differs in particular from the previous one described material compression device by another embodiment of the Deflection detection device 13. In the exemplary embodiment shown is a Spring element 15 is arranged between the drive device 3 and a fixed point 49. The spring element 15 is located opposite the drive device 3 corresponding microswitch or contact sensor 17 is arranged.

In this way, a separate arm, see FIG. 2, is radial from the drive shaft 9 stands out, not necessary.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 there are 24 inside the feed hopper 21 dispensing devices 25 for cleaning, disinfection, preparation or other fluid arranged. Corresponding delivery devices 25 can also be arranged in the embodiment according to the preceding figures.

FIG. 5 shows a top view of the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 analogously to FIG. 3. The same parts are again provided with the same reference numerals and reference is made to the preceding description.
In particular, a separating device 28 and an end position sensor 55 are also shown in FIG. 5. The end position sensor 55 serves to measure the position of the collecting container 37 and in particular to determine an end position of this container 37 along the guide 54, which position corresponds to a filled collecting container 38, see FIG. 1. In this position, the collecting container can be separated by the separating device 28 from the remaining collecting container pushed onto the housing part 39, and at the same time the opening that is created can be sealed. The separating device can, for example, use heat to separate the filled collecting container from the rest of the collecting container and at the same time weld the opening closed, the opening of the subsequent collecting container also being welded.

Furthermore, a hydraulic control 30 is shown in principle in FIG. 5, which is more precise is explained in connection with Figure 20.

6 and 7, the collecting container 37 is in two positions according to a second Embodiment shown, in which a lower shell 45 compared to an upper shell 44 is pivoted downwards. One is through the piston-cylinder units executed additional stroke 34 of FIG. 7 larger than that of FIG. 6, the Collection container 37 and in particular lower shell 45 in FIG. 7 in an end position Removal of a filled collecting container 38 are arranged.

For simplification, not shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a displacement of the screw conveyor 4 in the transport direction 6 through the additional stroke 34 and also not shown, tensioned flexible connections is caused. By this shift the screw conveyor 4 is the discharge end 36, see for example Fig. 1, further Slidable towards the bottom of the container.

6, the lower shell 45 is at an angle 50 with respect to the upper shell 44 their closed end 23 pivoted down. The swiveling storage the lower shell 45 on the upper shell 44 takes place in this context via the Swivel bearing 51. Guide elements 56 of the lower shell 45 are to reach the 6 by interruptions 57 of the lower guide surface 58 after emerged below and along the projecting downward from the guides 48, 54 Unrolled guide portions 54a. The upper shell 44 is by means of the upper one Guide surfaces upstanding slide shoes 105 and arranged at their front end Support devices 106 arranged horizontally.

The sack-like collecting container 38 is so far from the end housing 39 or whose end 46 is withdrawn so that it is with its fill opening in the region of the discharge end 36 of the screw conveyor 4 is arranged. The closing strap 43 is still hook-like Fixed point 107 hooked in and forms an abutting end housing 39 Loop.

In FIG. 7, by increasing the additional stroke 34, the collecting container 38 completely withdrawn from the end housing 39 and by further tensioning the closing strap 43, the filling opening 41 is closed with the opening edge 42. In this end position 35 of the lower shell 45, the closed collecting container 38 can be easily removed.

A new collection container is then pushed onto the end housing 39 and by means of the piston-cylinder units of the collecting container 37 into the position Fig. 1 moved back.

In Figures 8 to 10 is separately a screw conveyor serving as a compacting device 4 shown, which is used in exemplary embodiments of the aforementioned figures can be. It has an axis of rotation 60 around which a helix 61 is wound is. An arrow 6 indicates the direction of transport. An arrow 62 indicates the direction of rotation. At the discharge end 36 of the screw conveyor is approximately vertical pressure spatula section 63 arranged to the transport direction 6 is attached. He borders directly to the end of the helix 61 and is connected to the axis of rotation 60. He has a sector angle of 90 °.

The spatula section serves to reinforce the crushing effect that the screw conveyor 4 exerts on the surface of the material by means of its discharge end. This occurs above all when the material compresses again after leaving the screw conveyor or the material surge, for example due to the tapering of the tubular delivery chamber is braked. The spatula section 63 strips this material with circular Movements and causes an increase in the material temperature. Thereby the material is softened and is easier to compress. An old form becomes abandoned by softening the material.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a further embodiment of the invention Material compression device 1 shown. For the sake of simplicity, only the area is around the discharge end 36 of the screw conveyor 4. Otherwise, the illustrated Transfer construction of Figures 11 and 12 to the first embodiment be so that in this regard to the description of the figures of the first embodiment is referred.

The end housing is in the transport direction 6 over the discharge end 36 of the screw conveyor 4 extended. With the elongated walls 64 is a final compression space formed in which a material plug 66 is indicated. The walls are 64 approximately circular. Are distributed over the cross-section at a distance of 90 ° Guides 67 attached. The guide devices 67 are approximately wedge-shaped, so that the clear cross section of the final compression space 65 from the discharge end 36 tapers in the direction of transport 6. The clear cross section of the final compression chamber 65 is thus smaller than the corresponding cross section of the delivery chamber, in which the screw conveyor 4 is provided.

At the end of the screw is the pressure spatula section shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 63 attached.

When the compressed material from the screw conveyor 4 into the final compression space 65 is advanced, so the material through the tapered cross-section compressed again in it. The final compression space forms a kind of storage space, in which the material is accumulated and compacted without losing volume can expand laterally. The compacted material therefore takes on a tubular shape Shape that it maintains when it is fed from the collection container. The pressure spatula section 63 constantly rubs against the material plug 66, which in combination with the pressure increases the temperature of the material, preferably up to 120 ° C with dry material and a large proportion of plastic. Thereby the material takes on the tubular shape more easily and maintains it.

With the help of the baffles, the rotation of the material is inhibited. It pushes itself through it lighter together in the direction of transport. It also becomes a homogeneous plug of material 66 formed, which is a certain support for that supplied by the screw conveyor Material forms. This also increases the compression thrust from the screw conveyor more even and unbalance are reduced.

FIGS. 13 to 19 show a third embodiment of an inventive one Material compacting device 1 shown, the collection container 37 in different Positions is shown. Same reference numerals of the third embodiment correspond to the same parts as in the first embodiment, so in this regard reference is made to the previous description of the figures. Basically you can the same constructions as in the first embodiment also in the second embodiment can be used unless the following description another construction.

The collecting container 37 is approximately bucket-shaped and has a support frame 68 Slidably mounted in a guide 40. The guide 40 consists of two to each other parallel guide rails, which have approximately C-shaped cross section, accordingly the first embodiment. The support frame 68 has a first support point 70, which is arranged closer to the filling opening 41 of the collecting container 37, and one second support point 71, which is closer to the closed end 46 of the collecting container 37 is arranged.

Each support point has pairs of support rollers, with one support roller in each of the guide rails is slidably mounted. The roles of the first support point 70 are with a separate one Rotary bearing 72 connected, with the aid of which the collecting container 37 can be pivoted can.

In Figure 13, the collecting container 37 is shown in a filling position in which it is so far pushed as possible against the direction of transport 6 onto the end housing, until it abuts a flange 74 provided with a seal 73. In Figure 14 there is one Shown sliding position, in which the collecting container 37 with the end housing A piston-cylinder unit 59 is pushed down. In Figure 15 is an end position shown, in which only the roles of the first support point 70 in the guide rails 69 are arranged and the roles of the second support point 71 on the lower Guide surface 108 is pushed out and pivoted downward. The collection container 37 was pivoted about the pivot bearing 72 and is approximately vertical to the transport direction 6.

The mode of operation of the third embodiment can be seen from FIGS.

In Figure 16, the collecting container 37 is in a filling position in which it with its opening edge 109 is pressed against the flange 74. There is a in the collection container sack-like collecting container 38 is inserted, which is approximately collar-like over the opening edge 109 of the collecting container 37 extends. 16 is in the filling position the collecting container 38 is pressed by the opening edge 109 against the flange 74, or against the seal 73 of the flange 74, not shown here. In this filling position, the material compression device can operate via the compression device Record 4.

A sliding position is shown in FIG. 17, in which the collecting container 37 is somewhat of the flange 74 is spaced apart. This is done by pushing out compacted Material into the collecting container 38. The piston-cylinder unit works 59 as a biasing device as described in the first embodiment. Both support points 70, 71 are still on the lower guide surface 108.

FIG. 18 shows an end position in which the first support point 70 is still on the lower guide surface 108 rests. The second support point 71 has no support more through the lower guide surface 108; the collection container 37 is not yet panned.

In Figure 19, the collecting container 37 is pivoted through 90 ° into the vertical, so that now an operator simply collects the container 38 with the compressed therein Can empty material.

The rotating movement of the collecting container can optionally also be done automatically by the Device itself driven and controlled.

FIG. 20 shows a basic illustration of a hydraulic circuit 75 for the piston-cylinder units 59 regarding the aforementioned embodiments of the invention shown.

Of the material compression device 1 according to the invention, only the piston-cylinder units are 59 shown for the collecting container 37. The pistons 110 are on one Side connected via connections 76 with a pressure relief valve 77 and on the other Side connected to a changeover valve 79 via further connections 78. The Pressure relief valve 77 is loaded with an adjustable spring force, so that it is at a corresponding Exhausts fluid from the circuit into a reservoir 80. Corresponding the pressure to be overcome determines the application of force to the collecting container 37.

The switching valve 79 is an electromagnetic valve that is in a first position the connections 78 with the reservoir 80 and in a further position with a hydraulic pump 81 connects. Furthermore, a connection between a connecting line 82 and the hydraulic pump 81, or the Reservoir 80 made. The connecting line 82 runs from the changeover valve 79 in Direction of connections 76, a check valve 83 being arranged in this line is.

Another line branches between the hydraulic pump 81 and the changeover valve 79 to a reservoir 80, a further pressure relief valve 84 being arranged in this line is.

The hydraulic circuit works as follows.

When the collecting container 37 is filled with compressed material, the pistons 110 pushed out of the cylinders 111. The oil in the piston chamber is over the Connections 76 pushed out against the pressure relief valve 77, causing the application of force arises. The space in the cylinders connected to the ports 78 111 fills to the same extent with hydraulic fluid that it has via the changeover valve 79 receives from the reservoir 80.

The feed pump can be used to adjust the collecting container 37 to the end position 81 are actuated and the switching valve 79 are switched so that the with Connections 78 connected chambers are filled. By switching the changeover valve 79, the collection container can be correspondingly returned via the pistons 110 the filling position can be retrieved.

FIG. 21 shows a section of the collecting container 37 and the compression device 4 a cleaning device 85 shown. This arrangement can in the previously described third embodiment can be used. Identify the same reference numerals same parts as in the third embodiment described above, so that reference is made to the relevant description.

In Figure 21, the collecting container 37 is shown in the filling position, in which it with its Opening edge 109 abuts the seal 73 of the flange 74. The collection container 37 is pressed against the seal 73 by the piston-cylinder unit 59 so that it is essentially liquid-tight. The gasket is a conventional rubber gasket, which engages around the flange 74 in an approximately U-shape. On the flange is a feed means 86 an annular channel formed, the manner not shown with a detergent supply connected is. The ring channel 86 extends in a circle around the end housing 39 Spray nozzles 87 are connected to it, which in the annular cavity 112 between End housing 39 and collection container 37 are directed. The spray nozzles 87 are specific Distances evenly distributed annularly around the end housing 39. A connection 94 opens axially into the annular channel 86.

The screw conveyor 4 has a hollow axis of rotation 60 which serves as a feed channel for Detergent. It is in the area of its end of the bearing with a not shown Supply of detergent connected. A feed channel 88 extends axially through the axis of rotation 60. From the feed channel 88 branch off radially outlet nozzles 89, which in the compression space 90 open, which is formed within the end housing 39.

The approximately tubular end housing 39 has one in its lower region Collecting opening 91, the radially outside of the end housing with a gutter 92nd connected is. The gutter extends axially along and through the end housing the flange 74 through.

An outlet pipe 93 also extends through the flange, approximately in the lower region of the flange and is connected to the annular cavity 112.

FIG. 24 shows a side view of the material compacting device.

The material compacting device is arranged on a chassis 95. At the bottom The area of the chassis is a waste water tank 96 and a water tank and a detergent container 97 is arranged. The detergent tank is 97 connected to a pump 98 via a line. The pump 98 is branched Line connected to the connector 94 and a rotary coupling 99. The Rotary coupling 99 is attached to the outside of the drive device 3 such that through them cleaning agent from the end of the bearing into the feed channel 88 of the screw conveyor 4 can be directed.

The waste water tank 96 is connected to the outlet pipe 93 via a line. The waste water container 96 can optionally be connected to the discharge channel 92.

The cleaning device 85 works as follows.

After the compression process, the collection container 37 with the help of the piston-cylinder unit 59 pressed against the seal 73 of the flange 74, so that a liquid-tight Connection arises. The pump 98 conveys detergent, preferably Fresh water provided with cleaning solution from the tank 97 to the rotary coupling 99 and the connection 94. The cleaning agent is on the ring channel 86 of the Flange 74 passed to the spray nozzles and sprayed from there into the annular cavity 112. The cleaning agent flowing through the rotary coupling 99 passes through the Feed channel 88 in the direction of arrow 100 to the outlet nozzles 89 and sprayed approximately radially from the inside the compression space 90, in particular it splashes against the inner walls of the end housing 39.

A part of the supplied cleaning agent 97 collects in the lower area of the Collection tank 37 and flows through the outlet pipe 93 to the waste water tank 96. Part of the detergent in the end housing 39 flows through the collecting opening 91 along the discharge channel 92 and into the container 96. Rotates during spraying the screw conveyor 4 so that the end housing 39 over the entire circumference is sprayed out.

22 and 23 is a plan view of a section of an inventive Material compression device 1 according to the third embodiment shown. For reasons of clarity, some parts of the device 1 have been omitted but are designed in this device exactly as in the previous figures. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that in this respect to the previous description is referred.

In FIG. 22 there is a deflector 101 in the feed opening 5 of the feed funnel 21 intended. It has a transverse to the feed opening 5 and opposite to Deflection finger 102 extending in the direction of transport 6. It can be analogous to that be designed and arranged in the first embodiment.

On the side facing away from the screw conveyor 4, the deflecting finger is completely from covered a roof surface part 103. The top surface part 103 is in one Corner of the approximately rectangular feed opening 5 is arranged. It's on one side with the Edge of the screw conveyor 104 and on an adjacent side to the the feed opening 5 bordering feed hopper 21 attached. It covers the deflector finger roof-like in the direction of the feed hopper 21.

The deflecting finger 102 can have a butt surface at its free end, for example can pass into a cutting edge (not shown).

The rejection device 101 functions as follows.

When filling material to be compressed into the feed hopper 21, there is a risk of that the material sits in the spiral of the screw conveyor 4 and with the Screw conveyor rotates accordingly. About the compression and the translational movement preferably without ensuring the rotational proportion of the material, prevents Deflecting fingers 102 the pure rotational movement and causes a compacting promotion of the material through the screw conveyor in the direction of transport 6.

So that no large pieces of waste can get caught on the deflecting finger 102, protects the cover surface part 103 of the deflecting finger 102 over a large area, so that the material is deflected accordingly by the deflecting finger 102, but does not hook onto it can.

Figure 25 shows a section along the line XXV-XXV of Figure 4, through another Embodiment of the material compression device 1 according to the invention.

Above the feed hopper 22 are both the screw conveyor 4 and the feed hopper 22 surrounding housing with cover 121 two side filling openings 122 arranged. In the area between feed hopper 22 and cover 121, two flap devices 62 are pivotable about pivot axes 118 stored. The flap devices 62, see also FIG. 24, comprise a flap 115 with a part-circular cross section and from this in the direction of the pivot axis 118 protruding bracket 114. On the left side in FIG. 24 is the flap device 122 in its open / dump position 66 and on the right side in FIG Closed / fill position arranged. The filling opening is in the position on the left 122 closed to the outside, so that accidental intervention in the material compacting device not possible. At the same time, waste material is filled in 120 tipped out of the flap 115 in the direction of the screw conveyor 4.

The filling opening 122 is open on the right-hand side and is opened, for example, by one Tray 119 can dump waste material onto flap 115. At the same time an intervention in the direction of the screw conveyor 4 by the closed position of the flap 115 prevented.

An intermediate wall 117 is arranged between the two flap devices 115, which is a simultaneous and independent and undisturbed filling over both lateral filling openings 122 allows.

The pivoting of the flap devices 115 is controlled by sensors 116, the bringing an arm, a tray or the like in the direction of the filling opening 122 capture and accordingly the flap device 115 from its open / dump position in the closed / filling position, i.e. from the position on the left position shown in the position shown on the right side of Figure 25 swivel. After removal of the tablet 119 from the detection area, for example of the sensor 116, the flap device 115 is pivoted again and Corresponding to the illustration on the left, the waste material in the direction of the screw conveyor 4 emptied.

Another safety sensor 136 can be arranged above the screw conveyor 4 be a pivoting of the flap device from position 113 to the position 66 prevents if a user is still in the pivoting range of the flap device engages his arm or the like.

FIG. 26 is a front view of a collecting container 37, see also FIG. 27 and 28, shown, with a locking bracket 124 and to the collecting container opposite a bracket 126 are pivotally mounted. Both brackets 124, 126 have a substantially U-shaped cross section, the ends of the U-legs are pivotally mounted laterally on the collecting container 37.

On the locking bracket 124 is also a handle 125 for pivoting the collection container 37, see for example FIG. 32.

The collecting container 37 is guided via rollers 123 in the lateral guides 40.

In FIG. 27, the collecting container 37 from FIG. 26 is in a vertical position, see also Figure 32. The same reference symbols denote this and the following Figures same parts and are only partially mentioned.

The rear rollers 127 have already been removed from the guides 40, so that the collecting container 37 is pivotable into the vertical position. It can also be seen that the locking bracket 124 with hook-shaped ends 131, see also Figure 28, locking pins 128 engages behind, which protrude radially outward from the collecting container 27.

The opening edge 109 is arranged at the upper open end of the collecting container 37. A ring 129 is offset from this on an inner side of the collecting container 37 arranged.

At the bottom of the collecting container there is a generally cruciform anti-rotation device 130 arranged, the rotation of the collecting container 38, see for example figure 28, prevented within the collection container 37.

In FIGS. 28 to 33 there are various successive positions of the collecting container represented by the screw conveyor 4 during the filling process.

In FIG. 28, the collecting container 37 is on the screw conveyor 4 as far as possible postponed, taking it almost completely. Upper and lower shell 44, 45, see also FIGS. 32 and 33, are by means of the locking bracket 124 as a locking device connected to one another by forming 124 at the lower end of the locking bracket Hook ends 131 a locking pin 128 projecting laterally from the collecting container reach behind.

A collecting container 38 is inserted in the collecting container. With the swivel axis of the locking bracket 124, a slide guide 132 is pivotally connected, in the guide opening a slide pin 133 engages.

With the lower shell 45, the bracket 126 is pivotally connected, the side is pivoted to the collecting tank 37 and an edge section over the free end thereof 135 of the collecting container 38 has been turned over.

With the gradual filling of the collecting container 38, the collecting container 37 through the material filled under pressure, or through the piston-cylinder units 59, see the previous figures, gradually from the screw conveyor 4 pushed down, see in particular Figures 29 to 31. pivoted during this movement a cam arranged in the transport direction next to the collecting container 37 134 the bracket 126 in the position shown in Figure 31. In the position of the collecting container 37 according to FIG. 31, this can be done by means of the handle 125 or automatically the vertical position according to FIG. 32 in the guide 40 by means of the front rollers 123 be pivoted. By pivoting the bracket 126 is the edge portion 135 of the collecting container 38 inwards in the direction of the filling opening of the collecting container 37 pivoted, see Figure 32. There, the collection container 38 can by means of of the closing band 43, see FIG. 33, are closed.

In Figures 32 and 33 can also be seen that the ring 129 within the Collection container 38 serves as a retaining device in the manner of a bottle neck and prevents the compacted material due to its shape memory or the like increases in volume so that the degree of compaction of the material is maintained becomes.

To remove the closed collecting container 38, the locking bracket 124 in Swiveled in the direction of the arrow according to FIG. 32. This will engage the hook ends 131 and locking pin 128 released so that the upper shell 44 opposite the Lower shell 45 around a swivel bearing arranged on the bottom of the collecting container 37 is pivoted. The maximum opening position of the upper and lower shell 44, 45 is determined by the sliding pin 133 resting against one end of the sliding guide 132. In the position of Figure 33, the bracket 126 can facilitate removal of the closed collecting container 38 back into the position, for example, according to the figure 28 can be pivoted manually.

After removing the collection container, a new collection container is placed in the container 37 inserted and this again by means of the locking bracket 124 and the locking pin 128 closed. Then the collection container is in its horizontal arrangement pivoted and pushed into the position of Figure 28 on the screw conveyor 4.

Claims (55)

1. Material compression device (1), in particular for recyclable waste material, with at least one screw conveyor (4) rotatably mounted in a housing (2) and with a drive device (3) connected to the drive, the housing (2) being a feed opening (5) for material to be compacted Material and one of these in the transport direction (6) of the screw conveyor (4) downstream collecting space (7) for receiving the compressed material,
characterized by
that the screw conveyor (4) is freely rotatably supported in the direction of the collecting space (7) at its drive end (8) opposite it on the housing (2) and is drive-connected to the drive device (3) at this drive end. 2. Material compression device according to claim 1,
characterized by
that a drive shaft (9) designed as a drive end (8) protrudes outwards through a shaft opening (10) in the housing (2) and is motionally connected to the drive device (3), in particular via a gear (11). 3. Material compression device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by
that the drive device (3) is held by the drive shaft (9). 4. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the screw conveyor (4) is designed as a two-armed lever with the shaft opening (10) and in particular one of these associated rotary bearings as a lever bearing (12). 5. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a deflection detection device (13) is assigned to the drive device (3) and / or the drive shaft (9) for detecting a deflection movement of the screw conveyor (4) from its central position (14). 6. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the deflection detection device (13) has a spring element (15) connected between the drive device (3) and / or drive shaft (9) and a fixed point (49). 7. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the spring element (15) is connected to the drive shaft (9) via an arm (16) projecting therefrom. 8. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the deflection detection device (13) has a sensor (17) essentially opposite the spring element (5) relative to the fixed point, in particular a microswitch. 9. material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the screw conveyor (4) has at least two regions with different gradients arranged one behind the other in the transport direction (6), the gradient being greater in the compressor region (18) closer to the collecting chamber (7) than in the supply region (19) associated in particular with the supply opening (5) is. 10. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed opening (5) is designed as the upper end (20) of a feed hopper (21) which is open towards the feed region (19).
characterized by
that a dispensing device (25) for a cleaning and / or disinfecting and / or processing agent is arranged at least in the interior (24) of the feed hopper (21). 12. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a deflector (26) extending transversely to the feed opening (5) and opposite to the transport direction (6) of the screw conveyor (4) is arranged on the housing (2). 13. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the deflector has at least one deflector finger (26). 14. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the deflecting finger (26) protrudes from the lower end (32) of the feed funnel (21). 15. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the deflector (26) has at least one deflector bar (33) running essentially in the transport direction (6) between the housing (2) and the screw conveyor (4). 16. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting space (7) is formed between a discharge end (36) of the screw conveyor (4) and a, in particular cylindrical, collecting container (37) which is adjustable in the transport direction (6) of the screw conveyor (4). 17. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a sack-like collecting container (38) accommodating the compressed material is arranged in the collecting container (37). 18. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (38) is separable from a tubular plastic material. 19. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the collecting container (38) can be automatically partitioned when it reaches a predetermined length and / or can be removed and / or closed from the collecting container (37). 20. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a helical reinforcement (48) is formed in the transition area between the feed area (19) and the compressor area (18) of the screw conveyor (4). 21. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) is pivoted relative to its filling position in an end position in which compressed material can be removed from the collecting container (37). 22. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) is mounted so as to be adjustable in the transport direction (6) along at least one guide (40). 23. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) can be pushed onto at least one housing part (39) and can be removed from it by gradually filling it with compressed material. 24. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) can be displaced in a controlled manner according to the degree of filling of the collecting container (38) along the guide (40) until the collecting container is removed. 25. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) is constructed in two parts from the upper and lower shell (44, 45) which are connected to one another at one end (46) of the collecting container (37) so as to be pivotable relative to one another. 26. Material compacting device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the upper and lower shells (44, 45) are pivotally connected to one another at the closed end (46) of the collecting container (37) and the lower shell (45) can be pivoted away from the upper shell to remove the collecting container (38). 27. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that guides (17) and / or support devices (37) and / or sliding shoes (35) and / or guide elements (38) on both sides to the upper or lower shell (30, 31 ) are arranged. 28. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the screw conveyor (4) has at its end section facing the discharge end an approximately perpendicular to the transport direction (6) arranged spatula section (63). 29. Material compression device according to claim 28,
characterized by
that the spatula section (63) is approximately circular sector-shaped, preferably with approximately 90 ° sector angle. 30. Material compression device according to claim 28 or 29,
characterized by
that the spatula section (63) adjoins the end of the helix (61) of the screw conveyor (4) and is connected to the axis of rotation (60) of the screw conveyor (4). 31. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that between the collecting space (7) and the discharge end of the compression device (4) there is a material-compressing final compression space (65) into which the compression device (4) conveys. 32. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the walls (64) of the compression chamber are provided with anti-rotation guiding devices (67) extending in the conveying direction (6). 33. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) is slidably mounted in the guide (40) via two supporting points (70, 71), a first supporting point (70) closer to the filling opening (41) of the collecting container (37) and a second supporting point (71) closer a closed end (47) of the collecting container is provided. 34. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that one of the support points (70) has a rotary bearing (72) for the collecting container (37). 35. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that in one end position one support point (71) is pivoted out of the guide (40), the other support point (70) forming the pivot bearing (72) for the collecting container (37). 36. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a cleaning device (85) which cleans the collecting container (37) and / or the compression space is provided on the housing (2). 37. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the compression device designed as a screw conveyor (4) has at least one feed channel (88) of the cleaning device, which is provided with outlet nozzles (89) for flushing the compression space. 38. Material compression device according to claim 37,
characterized by
that the feed channel (88) extends axially in the axis of rotation (60) of the screw conveyor (4). 39. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a flange (74) on which the opening edge (26) of the collecting container (8) lies in the filling position is designed as a feed means (86) for the cleaning device (85) and is provided with spray nozzles (87) opening into the collecting container (8) . 40. material compression device according to claim 43,
characterized by
that the flange (74) is provided with a cleaning agent outlet (93). 41. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a deflecting device (101) extending transversely in a feed opening (5) has a cover surface part (103), which is flat, extends transversely to the feed opening (5) and is roof-like above a deflecting finger (102). 42. Material compression device according to claim 41,
characterized by
that the top surface part (103) is adapted to the radius of curvature of the screw conveyor container (104). 43. Material compression device according to claim 41 or 42,
characterized by
that the top surface part (103) is provided in a corner of the feed opening (5). 44. Material compression device according to one of claims 41 to 43,
characterized by
that the cover surface part (103) is fixed on one side to the edge of the screw conveyor container (104) and on an adjacent side to the feed hopper (21) adjacent to the feed opening (5). 45. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the feed opening (5) can be closed by at least one pivotably mounted flap device (62). 46. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the flap device (62) is pivotally mounted between a closed / filling position (113) and an opening / dumping position. 47. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the flap device (62) is mounted in a swing-like manner on bearing arms (114) projecting upward from a swivel plate. 48. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the flap device (62) is mounted automatically and / or sensor-controlled between the closed / filling position (113) and the opening / dumping position (66). 49. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that two flap devices (62) which can be filled from opposite sides are separated from one another by an essentially vertical intermediate wall (117). 50. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the collecting container (37) has an in particular two-part retaining ring (129) on its inside. 51. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the upper and lower shells (44, 45) of the collecting container can be locked together in their closed position. 52. material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that a retaining device (132, 133) is arranged between the upper and lower shell (44, 45) for determining a maximum opening angle. 53. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the retaining device (132, 133) has a pin (133) protruding from one shell and a pin guide (132) pivotably mounted on the other shell. 54. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that anti-rotation projections (130) are arranged on the bottom of the collecting container (37). 55. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a handle (125), which forms part of a locking device (124, 128, 101), protrudes from the collecting container (37). 56. Material compression device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a collecting bracket (126) is pivotally mounted on an upper end portion of the collecting container (37) in the direction of its filling opening (41).

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