EP0925835A1 - Multiknife mincer for the food industry - Google Patents
Multiknife mincer for the food industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0925835A1 EP0925835A1 EP98450021A EP98450021A EP0925835A1 EP 0925835 A1 EP0925835 A1 EP 0925835A1 EP 98450021 A EP98450021 A EP 98450021A EP 98450021 A EP98450021 A EP 98450021A EP 0925835 A1 EP0925835 A1 EP 0925835A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knife
- grid
- edge
- mill according
- counter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
- B02C18/36—Knives or perforated discs
- B02C18/365—Perforated discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
- B02C18/36—Knives or perforated discs
- B02C18/362—Knives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-knife mill for the food industry.
- Grinders used in the food industry are generally placed in production lines for reconstituted products. They allow in particular to grind different products which will be introduced later in agri-food preparations.
- They generally consist of a feed hopper, a sheath in which turns a coaxial worm.
- the downstream end of the sheath is obstructed by a grid, the diameter of the through holes of which determines the fine grinding, and the end of the worm is equipped with a knife which allows you to cut the product before it passes through the grid.
- This knife made in one piece generally includes several radially arranged branches which are machined to form blades sharp.
- one solution consists in having a pair of knives for each grinder. So as soon as the knife in place does cut more, it is replaced by the second. But this solution, even if it limits downtime, does not slow down the wear of knives which will have to be changed inevitably. This rapid wear of knives that have a relatively high cost price, greatly increases maintenance costs grinders.
- the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a crusher which includes a counter-grid whose shapes facilitate the action of grinding, and knives, removably or permanently arranged on a knife holder, the geometric shapes and arrangements of which allow to slow down their wear.
- This shredder reduces maintenance costs and increase the throughput of crushed products, in particular by improving the resistance of the thread over time.
- the present invention relates to a multi-knife mill, especially used in the food industry, provided with means material supply, comprising in the direction of flow of material, a counter-grid provided with at least one orifice, a knife holder provided at least one knife, and a grid, characterized in that the knife includes at least one edge of wavy shape.
- each knife comprises two cutting edges, one first adjacent to the grid and a second adjacent to the counter grid, which have a wavy shape whose radius at a considered point of the edge is proportional to the distance separating the point considered from the axis of rotation of the knife holder.
- the knife comprises a cutting face which has a rectilinear shape in the transverse direction.
- the knife comprises a face of cup provided with fragmentation means produced by a double shape curved in the transverse direction, the first being attached to the first edge and the second to the second edge.
- the assembly constituted by the counter-grid and the knife holder includes means for shifting the cutting attack of each knife.
- each knife has an alternating toothing profile from one knife to another.
- the knives are removably attached to the knife holder.
- the peripheral surface of the orifices of the counter-grid comprises at least one substantially projecting edge perpendicular to the surface of the counter grid.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a cross section of a grinder 10 which comprises in a known manner a feed hopper 12, a sheath 14, and a worm 16 driven by a motor 18 at its first end and provided with a shaft 20 at its second end.
- the downstream end of the sleeve 14 is obstructed by a grid 22 which includes through holes 24, the diameter determines the fineness of the grinding, and a bore 26 coaxial with the axis 27 scabbard.
- a counter-grid 28 which includes a bore 32 coaxial and of diameter slightly greater than the shaft 20, takes support against a shoulder 34 of the bore of said sleeve 14. It is immobilized in rotation, like the grid 22, by stop means 36 in rotation, for example a notch 37 on its periphery (visible in Figure 2) in which is housed a lug secured to the sheath 14.
- the knife holder 30 is rotated by the worm 16 thanks to drive means 38, and includes guide means, produced by a bearing 40 which is housed in the bore 26 of the grid, and by a bore 42 coaxial and of diameter slightly greater than the shaft 20 of the screw unending.
- These training means 38 are made thanks to the forms conjugates of the end of the worm 16 which comprises two flats, and of the bore 42 of the knife holder 30 visible in FIG. 2.
- a nut 43, screwed to the end of the sleeve 14, makes it possible to immobilize in translation from upstream to downstream, the counter-grid 28, the knife holder 30 and grid 22.
- the counter-grid 28, cylindrical in shape includes an even number of orifices, arranged symmetrically on its surface, for example six holes referenced by 44 to 49, uniformly distributed, with scalloped edges with protruding shapes pre-cut products.
- the peripheral edge of the orifices 44 to 49 includes edges 50 in protruding over the entire thickness, substantially parallel to the axis 27 of the sleeve, which facilitate pre-cutting.
- the counter-grid 28 is made of hardened steel, and undergoes surface treatment, for example nitriding, in order to give it high mechanical characteristics.
- It includes five branches 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 which are arranged radially, on which knives 52, 54 are removably attached, 56, 58, 60.
- the knife holder 30 and the knives 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 can be made in one piece, said knives having the same features as removable knives.
- These knives 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 have profiles 66 of suitable teeth different types of products, which allow better grinding with a high flow and slow wear.
- the whole constituted by the counter-grid 28 and the knife holder 30, comprises means 67 for shifting the cutting edge of the knives, and the profile 66 is shifted from one branch to another.
- the offset means 67 can be made by taking a number of branches from the knife holder 30 different from the number of orifices of the counter-grid 28, and / or having an angular difference formed between two consecutive knives and / or two consecutive orifices of the different counter grid.
- profiles 66 which have a substantially wavy shape which reduces cutting forces, varies depending in particular on the hardness of the product to be ground.
- Each knife of substantially parallelepiped shape, comprises a bearing face 68 pressed against the branch, a cutting face 70, a first cutting edge 72 adjacent to the grid 22 and a second edge cutting edge 74 adjacent to the counter-grid 28. These edges are associated respectively to a first face 76 of main draft oriented towards the grid 22, with a second face 78 of main draft oriented towards the grid 28 and to a side 80 of secondary draft oriented towards the outside, common to both edges.
- Each cutting edge has an undulating shape whose radius of curvature at a point considered is proportional to the distance separating said point from the axis 27 of rotation of the knife holder (shown in phantom).
- the radius of curvature R 2 is less than R 1 , R 2 being closer to the axis 27 of rotation than R 1 .
- the first and second edges have the same shape wavy.
- the plane Pr is the plane parallel to the support face 68 passing through A
- the plane Ps is the plane perpendicular to Pr passing through point A
- the plane Pf is the plane perpendicular to Pr and Ps in this case.
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the reference plane Pr and the cutting face 70
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the cutting face 70 and the first face 76 of main draft
- the main draft angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the first face 76 of main draft and the edge plane Ps
- the angle of inclination of edge ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the mean direction of the edge 72 and the plane Pr
- the secondary draft angle ⁇ ' 1 is the angle separating the face 80 of secondary draft and a plane parallel to the working plane Pf.
- the angles are defined in the same way, the index 1 of the angles being replaced by the index 2, with ⁇ 2 equal to ⁇ 1 , and ⁇ ' 2 equal to ⁇ ' 1 .
- the cutting face 70 is generated by the assembly straight lines located in a plane Pf, which connect the first edge 72 and the second edge 74.
- the main draft angle ⁇ 1 is between 1 ° and 8 ° and is preferably 3 °
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is between 0 ° and 35 °
- l ' edge tilt angle ⁇ 1 is approximately 2 °
- the secondary draft angle ⁇ ' 1 is approximately 5 °.
- angles ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ ' 2 have values which are substantially identical to ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 , and ⁇ ' 1 .
- FIG. 4A Another knife profile, used for soft materials, is shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
- the cutting face 70 is not generated by straight lines as before. It is generated by a first set of curves 84 which pass through a point A located on the first edge 72 and by a point C describing a curve, similar and parallel to the first edge 72, located approximately in the middle of the cutting face 70 , and by a second set of curves 86 which pass through a point B located on the second edge 74 and through point C. Curves 84 and 86 are characterized by their radius of curvature and by the distance e separating point C from the right (AB).
- This curved shape of the cutting face 70 constitutes means 88 of fragmentation, and allows in the case of soft materials to fragment to reduce friction and therefore wear.
- the distance e is inversely proportional to the hardness of the ground material, its value increasing for soft materials.
- the other characteristic angles of this knife profile have values identical to the characteristic angles of the knife profile illustrated by Figures 3A and 3B.
- these knives are made of hardened steel, and undergo a surface treatment, for example nitriding, in order to give them high mechanical properties.
- the grinder of the invention is obviously not limited to the modes of realization represented and described above but covers all variants in particular with regard to the number and the shapes of the orifices 44 of the counter-grid 26, the number of branches and the shapes of the knife holder 28, as well as the shapes of the knives, the counter-grid 26 and the knife holder 28 can be adapted to all grinder sizes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un broyeur multi-couteaux pour l'industrie alimentaire.The present invention relates to a multi-knife mill for the food industry.
Les broyeurs utilisés dans l'industrie alimentaire sont placés en général dans des chaínes de fabrication de produits reconstitués. Ils permettent notamment de broyer différents produits qui seront introduits ultérieurement dans des préparations agro-alimentaires.Grinders used in the food industry are generally placed in production lines for reconstituted products. They allow in particular to grind different products which will be introduced later in agri-food preparations.
Ils sont constitués en général d'une trémie d'alimentation, d'un fourreau dans lequel tourne une vis sans fin coaxiale. L'extrémité aval du fourreau est obstruée par une grille, dont le diamètre des trous de passage détermine la finesse du broyage, et l' extrémité de la vis sans fin est équipée d'un couteau qui permet de découper le produit avant son passage à travers la grille.They generally consist of a feed hopper, a sheath in which turns a coaxial worm. The downstream end of the sheath is obstructed by a grid, the diameter of the through holes of which determines the fine grinding, and the end of the worm is equipped with a knife which allows you to cut the product before it passes through the grid.
Ce couteau fabriqué d'un seul tenant comprend en général plusieurs branches disposées radialement qui sont usinées afin de former des lames tranchantes.This knife made in one piece generally includes several radially arranged branches which are machined to form blades sharp.
Le fil de ces lames s'use très rapidement si bien qu'il est nécessaire d'arrêter le broyeur régulièrement pour démonter le couteau afin d'affûter les lames. Cet affûtage, qui nécessite un certain temps, ne peut être effectué qu'un nombre de fois limité sur un même couteau car à chaque opération on retire de la matière.The thread of these blades wears very quickly so that it is necessary stop the shredder regularly to disassemble the knife in order to sharpen the blades. This sharpening, which requires a certain time, cannot be carried out only a limited number of times on the same knife because at each operation we removes material.
Pour limiter l'arrêt de la machine, une solution consiste à disposer d'une paire de couteaux pour chaque broyeur. Ainsi, dès que le couteau en place ne coupe plus, il est remplacé par le second. Mais cette solution, même si elle limite le temps d'arrêt, ne permet pas de ralentir l'usure des couteaux qui devront être changés inéluctablement. Cette usure rapide des couteaux qui ont un prix de revient relativement élevé, alourdit fortement les coûts d'entretien des broyeurs.To limit the stopping of the machine, one solution consists in having a pair of knives for each grinder. So as soon as the knife in place does cut more, it is replaced by the second. But this solution, even if it limits downtime, does not slow down the wear of knives which will have to be changed inevitably. This rapid wear of knives that have a relatively high cost price, greatly increases maintenance costs grinders.
Par ailleurs, l'usure rapide des couteaux affecte également le débit du broyeur, car un phénomène de refoulement à tendance à apparaítre lorsque les lames sont mal affûtées.In addition, the rapid wear of the knives also affects the flow of the grinder, because a repression phenomenon tends to appear when the blades are poorly sharpened.
La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients en proposant un broyeur qui comprend une contre-grille dont les formes facilitent l'action de broyage, et des couteaux, disposés de façon amovible ou permanente sur un porte-couteaux, dont les formes géométriques et leurs dispositions permettent de ralentir leur usure. Ce broyeur permet de diminuer les coûts d'entretien et d'augmenter le débit de produits broyés, notamment par l'amélioration de la tenue du fil dans le temps.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a crusher which includes a counter-grid whose shapes facilitate the action of grinding, and knives, removably or permanently arranged on a knife holder, the geometric shapes and arrangements of which allow to slow down their wear. This shredder reduces maintenance costs and increase the throughput of crushed products, in particular by improving the resistance of the thread over time.
A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un broyeur multi-couteaux, notamment utilisé dans l'industrie alimentaire, muni de moyens d'alimentation en matière, comprenant dans le sens de l'écoulement de matière, une contre-grille munie d'au moins un orifice, un porte-couteaux muni d'au moins un couteau, et une grille, caractérisé en ce que le couteau comprend au moins une arête de forme ondulée.To this end, the present invention relates to a multi-knife mill, especially used in the food industry, provided with means material supply, comprising in the direction of flow of material, a counter-grid provided with at least one orifice, a knife holder provided at least one knife, and a grid, characterized in that the knife includes at least one edge of wavy shape.
De préférence, chaque couteau comprend deux arêtes tranchantes, une première adjacente à la grille et une seconde adjacente à la contre-grille, qui ont une forme ondulée dont le rayon en un point considéré de l'arête est proportionnel à la distance séparant le point considéré de l'axe de rotation du porte-couteaux.Preferably, each knife comprises two cutting edges, one first adjacent to the grid and a second adjacent to the counter grid, which have a wavy shape whose radius at a considered point of the edge is proportional to the distance separating the point considered from the axis of rotation of the knife holder.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le couteau comprend une face de coupe qui a une forme rectiligne dans le sens transversal.According to one embodiment, the knife comprises a cutting face which has a rectilinear shape in the transverse direction.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le couteau comprend une face de coupe munie de moyens de fragmentation réalisés par une double forme incurvée dans le sens transversal, la première étant rattachée à la première arête et la seconde à la seconde arête. According to another embodiment, the knife comprises a face of cup provided with fragmentation means produced by a double shape curved in the transverse direction, the first being attached to the first edge and the second to the second edge.
Avantageusement, l'ensemble constitué par la contre-grille et le porte-couteau comprend des moyens de décalage de l'attaque de coupe de chaque couteau.Advantageously, the assembly constituted by the counter-grid and the knife holder includes means for shifting the cutting attack of each knife.
De préférence, chaque couteau a un profil de denture qui est alterné d'un couteau à l'autre.Preferably, each knife has an alternating toothing profile from one knife to another.
De façon préférentielle, les couteaux sont fixés de façon amovible sur le porte-couteaux.Preferably, the knives are removably attached to the knife holder.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la surface périphérique des orifices de la contre-grille comprend au moins une arête en saillie sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface de la contre-grille.According to another characteristic, the peripheral surface of the orifices of the counter-grid comprises at least one substantially projecting edge perpendicular to the surface of the counter grid.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description qui va suivre du dispositif selon un mode de réalisation préféré, description donnée à titre d'exemple uniquement, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:
- Figure 1 est une coupe transversale d'un broyeur,
- Figure 2 est une vue en élévation du porte-couteaux et de la contre-grille,
- Figure 3A est une vue en perspective d'un premier exemple de profil de couteau,
- Figure 3B est une section transversale du couteau illustré par la figure 3A,
- Figure 4A est une vue en perspective d'un second exemple de profil de couteau, et
- Figure 4B est une section transversale du couteau illustré par la figure 4A.
- Figure 1 is a cross section of a grinder,
- FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the knife holder and the counter-grid,
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a first example of a knife profile,
- FIG. 3B is a cross section of the knife illustrated in FIG. 3A,
- FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a second example of a knife profile, and
- Figure 4B is a cross section of the knife illustrated in Figure 4A.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une coupe transversale d'un broyeur 10
qui comprend de façon connue une trémie 12 d'alimentation, un fourreau 14,
et une vis sans fin 16 entraínée par un moteur 18 à sa première extrémité et
munie d'un arbre 20 à sa seconde extrémité. L'extrémité aval du fourreau 14
est obstruée par une grille 22 qui comprend des trous 24 de passage dont le
diamètre détermine la finesse du broyage, et un alésage 26 coaxial à l'axe 27
du fourreau. In Figure 1, there is shown a cross section of a
Selon l'invention, entre la vis sans fin 16 et la grille 22, on a placé de
l'amont vers l'aval, une contre-grille 28 dont le contour est similaire à celui de
la grille 22, et un porte-couteaux 30. Cette contre-grille 28 qui comprend un
alésage 32 coaxial et de diamètre légèrement supérieur à l'arbre 20, prend
appui contre un épaulement 34 de l'alésage dudit fourreau 14. Elle est
immobilisée en rotation, comme la grille 22, par des moyens 36 d'arrêt en
rotation, par exemple une encoche 37 sur son pourtour (visible sur la figure 2)
dans laquelle vient se loger un ergot solidaire du fourreau 14.According to the invention, between the
Le porte-couteaux 30 est entraíné en rotation par la vis sans fin 16
grâce à des moyens d'entraínement 38, et comprend des moyens de guidage,
réalisés par une portée 40 qui se loge dans l'alésage 26 de la grille, et par un
alésage 42 coaxial et de diamètre légèrement supérieur à l'arbre 20 de la vis
sans fin.The
Ces moyens 38 d'entraínement sont réalisés grâce aux formes
conjuguées de l' extrémité de la vis sans fin 16 qui comprend deux méplats, et
de l'alésage 42 du porte-couteaux 30 visible sur la figure 2.These training means 38 are made thanks to the forms
conjugates of the end of the
Un écrou 43, vissé à l'extrémité du fourreau 14, permet d'immobiliser
en translation de l'amont vers l'aval, la contre-grille 28, le porte-couteaux 30
et la grille 22.A
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, illustré par la figure 2, la contre-grille
28, de forme cylindrique, comprend un nombre pair d'orifices, disposés
de façon symétrique sur sa surface, par exemple six orifices référencés de 44
à 49, répartis uniformément, dont les bords festonnés à formes saillantes
prédécoupent les produits.According to a preferred embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 2, the
Le bord périphérique des orifices 44 à 49 comprend des arêtes 50 en
saillie sur toute l'épaisseur, sensiblement parallèles à l'axe 27 du fourreau, qui
facilitent la prédécoupe.The peripheral edge of the
De préférence, la contre-grille 28 est réalisée en acier trempé, et subit
un traitement de surface, par exemple une nitruration, afin de lui conférer des
caractéristiques mécaniques élevées.Preferably, the
Sur la figure 2, on a également représenté un mode de réalisation
préféré du porte-couteaux 30 selon l'invention. In Figure 2, there is also shown an embodiment
preferred
Il comprend cinq branches 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 qui sont disposées
radialement, sur lesquelles sont fixés de façon amovible des couteaux 52, 54,
56, 58, 60.It includes five
Ces couteaux amovibles sont fixés, sur une des faces des branches,
perpendiculairement au plan de rotation du porte-couteaux, grâce à des
moyens 62 de fixation, par exemple deux vis noyées dans des logements 64
de chaque branche ainsi qu'illustré sur la branche 51.These removable knives are fixed, on one of the faces of the branches,
perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the knife holder, thanks to
Selon un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, le porte-couteaux 30
et les couteaux 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 peuvent être réalisés d'un seul tenant,
lesdits couteaux ayant les mêmes particularités que les couteaux amovibles.According to another embodiment not shown, the
Ces couteaux 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 ont des profils 66 de denture adaptés
aux différents types de produits, qui permettent un meilleur broyage avec un
débit élevé et une usure ralentie.These
Afin d'améliorer le broyage et de limiter les vibrations, l'ensemble
constitué par la contre-grille 28 et le porte-couteaux 30, comprend des
moyens 67 de décalage de l'attaque de coupe des couteaux, et le profil 66 est
décalé d'une branche à l'autre. Les moyens 67 de décalage peuvent être
réalisés en prenant un nombre de branches du porte-couteau 30 différent du
nombre d'orifices de la contre-grille 28, et/ou en ayant un écart angulaire
ménagé entre deux couteaux consécutifs et/ou deux orifices consécutifs de la
contre-grille différent. Ainsi, avec un tel agencement, l'attaque de coupe de
chaque couteau est décalée et les efforts de coupe sont mieux répartis.In order to improve grinding and limit vibrations, the whole
constituted by the
Par ailleurs, ces profils 66, qui ont une forme sensiblement ondulée qui
réduit les efforts de coupe, varient en fonction notamment de la dureté du
produit à broyer.Furthermore, these
Un premier exemple de profil 66, prévu pour des matériaux
extrêmement durs, par exemple des produits surgelés, est illustré par les
figures 3A et 3B.A first example of
Chaque couteau, de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique, comprend
une face d'appui 68 plaquée contre la branche, une face de coupe 70, une
première arête tranchante 72 adjacente à la grille 22 et une seconde arête
tranchante 74 adjacente à la contre-grille 28. Ces arêtes sont associées
respectivement à une première face 76 de dépouille principale orientée vers la
grille 22, à une seconde face 78 de dépouille principale orientée vers la contre-grille
28 et à une face 80 de dépouille secondaire orientée vers l'extérieur,
commune aux deux arêtes.Each knife, of substantially parallelepiped shape, comprises
a
Chaque arête tranchante a une forme ondulée dont le rayon de courbure
en un point considéré est proportionnel à la distance séparant ledit point de
l'axe 27 de rotation du porte-couteaux (représenté en trait mixte). Ainsi, sur la
figure 3A, le rayon de courbure R2 est inférieur à R1, R2 étant plus proche de
l'axe 27 de rotation que R1.Each cutting edge has an undulating shape whose radius of curvature at a point considered is proportional to the distance separating said point from the
De préférence, la première et la deuxième arêtes ont la même forme ondulée.Preferably, the first and second edges have the same shape wavy.
Afin de définir les angles caractéristiques du couteau, il convient préalablement de déterminer le plan de référence Pr, le plan d'arête Ps, et le plan de travail Pf.In order to define the characteristic angles of the knife, it is advisable beforehand to determine the reference plane Pr, the edge plane Ps, and the Pf work plan.
En un point considéré A de la première arête 72, le plan Pr est le plan
parallèle à la face d'appui 68 passant par A, le plan Ps est le plan
perpendiculaire à Pr passant par le point A, et le plan Pf est le plan
perpendiculaire à Pr et Ps dans ce cas.At a point considered A of the
Ainsi, pour la première arête 72, l'angle de coupe γ 1 est l'angle séparant
le plan de référence Pr et la face de coupe 70, l'angle taillant β1 est l'angle
séparant la face de coupe 70 et la première face 76 de dépouille principale,
l'angle de dépouille principal α1 est l'angle séparant la première face 76 de
dépouille principale et le plan d'arête Ps, l'angle d'inclinaison d'arête λ1 est
l'angle séparant la direction moyenne de l'arête 72 et le plan Pr, et l'angle de
dépouille secondaire α'1 est l'angle séparant la face 80 de dépouille secondaire
et un plan parallèle au plan de travail Pf.Thus, for the
Pour la seconde arête 74, les angles sont définis de la même manière,
l'indice 1 des angles étant remplacé par l'indice 2, avec λ2 égal à λ1, et α'2
égal à α'1.For the
Pour les matériaux durs, la face de coupe 70 est générée par l'ensemble
des droites situées dans un plan Pf, qui relient la première arête 72 et la
seconde arête 74. For hard materials, the cutting
De préférence, pour la première arête 72, l'angle de dépouille principal
α1 est compris entre 1° et 8° et vaut de préférence 3°, l'angle de coupe γ1
est compris entre 0° et 35°, l'angle d'inclinaison d'arête λ1 vaut
approximativement 2° et l'angle de dépouille secondaire α'1 vaut
approximativement 5°.Preferably, for the
Pour la seconde arête 74, les angles α2, β2, γ2, λ2 et α'2 ont des valeurs
sensiblement identiques à α1, β1, γ1, λ1, et α'1.For the
Un autre profil de couteau, utilisé pour les matériaux tendres, est représenté sur les figures 4A et 4B.Another knife profile, used for soft materials, is shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
Dans ce cas, la face de coupe 70 n'est pas générée par des droites
comme précédemment. Elle est générée par un premier ensemble de
courbes 84 qui passent par un point A situé sur la première arête 72 et par un
point C décrivant une courbe, similaire et parallèle à la première arête 72,
située approximativement au milieu de la face de coupe 70, et par un second
ensemble de courbes 86 qui passent par un point B situé sur la seconde
arête 74 et par le point C. Les courbes 84 et 86 sont caractérisées par leur
rayon de courbure et par la distance e séparant le point C de la droite (AB).In this case, the cutting
Cette forme incurvée de la face de coupe 70 constitue des moyens 88
de fragmentation, et permet dans le cas de matériaux tendres de les
fragmenter afin de diminuer les frottements et donc l'usure.This curved shape of the cutting
Ainsi, la distance e est inversement proportionnelle à la dureté du matériau broyé, sa valeur augmentant pour les matériaux mous.Thus, the distance e is inversely proportional to the hardness of the ground material, its value increasing for soft materials.
Dans un cas extrême, pour les matériaux durs du type surgelés, la distance e est nulle, les rayons de courbure sont infinis, et on retrouve alors la forme de couteau illustrée par les figures 3A et 3B.In an extreme case, for hard materials of the frozen type, the distance e is zero, the radii of curvature are infinite, and we then find the shape of knife illustrated by FIGS. 3A and 3B.
Les autres angles caractéristiques de ce profil de couteau ont des valeurs identiques aux angles caractéristiques du profil de couteau illustré par les figures 3A et 3B.The other characteristic angles of this knife profile have values identical to the characteristic angles of the knife profile illustrated by Figures 3A and 3B.
Dans tous les cas, comme pour la contre-grille 26, ces couteaux sont réalisés en acier trempé, et subissent un traitement de surface, par exemple une nitruration, afin de leur conférer des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées. In all cases, as for the counter-grid 26, these knives are made of hardened steel, and undergo a surface treatment, for example nitriding, in order to give them high mechanical properties.
Le broyeur de l'invention n'est évidemment pas limité aux modes de
réalisation représentés et décrits ci-dessus mais en couvre toutes les variantes
notamment en ce qui concerne le nombre et les formes des orifices 44 de la
contre-grille 26, le nombre de branches et les formes du porte-couteaux 28,
ainsi que les formes des couteaux, la contre-grille 26 et le porte-couteaux 28
pouvant être adaptés à toutes les tailles de broyeur.The grinder of the invention is obviously not limited to the modes of
realization represented and described above but covers all variants
in particular with regard to the number and the shapes of the
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9716642A FR2772643B1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1997-12-23 | MULTI-KNIFE GRINDER FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRY |
FR9716642 | 1997-12-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0925835A1 true EP0925835A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
EP0925835B1 EP0925835B1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
Family
ID=9515247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980450021 Expired - Lifetime EP0925835B1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1998-12-23 | Multiknife mincer for the food industry |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0925835B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69813745T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0925835T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2198038T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2772643B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103447133A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-18 | 浙江中科兴环能设备有限公司 | Crushing knife of crusher |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202009017439U1 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-03-18 | Haack, Eberhard, Dr.-Ing. | Vorschneider- and Lochscheibensystem for crushing machines, in particular meat mincers or the like. |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1906609A (en) * | 1928-09-04 | 1933-05-02 | Eugen Esslen | Meat chopper |
DE582310C (en) * | 1933-08-12 | Otto Straeten | meat grinder | |
GB406734A (en) * | 1932-09-02 | 1934-03-02 | William Henry Vickers | Improvements in or relating to rotary cutting devices, such as those of mincing machines |
US2183114A (en) * | 1938-10-29 | 1939-12-12 | Bonapace Pietro | Meat chopper |
GB1134910A (en) * | 1966-10-29 | 1968-11-27 | Wilhelm Kraut | Cutting apparatus for a meat mincing machine |
DE2451389A1 (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-05-06 | Muntana Eudaldo Molist | Meat mincing machine with spiral feed transport device - has movable cutting blades which form the carrier for the feed spiral |
-
1997
- 1997-12-23 FR FR9716642A patent/FR2772643B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-23 EP EP19980450021 patent/EP0925835B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 ES ES98450021T patent/ES2198038T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 DE DE69813745T patent/DE69813745T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 DK DK98450021T patent/DK0925835T3/en active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE582310C (en) * | 1933-08-12 | Otto Straeten | meat grinder | |
US1906609A (en) * | 1928-09-04 | 1933-05-02 | Eugen Esslen | Meat chopper |
GB406734A (en) * | 1932-09-02 | 1934-03-02 | William Henry Vickers | Improvements in or relating to rotary cutting devices, such as those of mincing machines |
US2183114A (en) * | 1938-10-29 | 1939-12-12 | Bonapace Pietro | Meat chopper |
GB1134910A (en) * | 1966-10-29 | 1968-11-27 | Wilhelm Kraut | Cutting apparatus for a meat mincing machine |
DE2451389A1 (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-05-06 | Muntana Eudaldo Molist | Meat mincing machine with spiral feed transport device - has movable cutting blades which form the carrier for the feed spiral |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103447133A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-18 | 浙江中科兴环能设备有限公司 | Crushing knife of crusher |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2772643B1 (en) | 2000-02-25 |
DE69813745D1 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
ES2198038T3 (en) | 2004-01-16 |
FR2772643A1 (en) | 1999-06-25 |
DE69813745T2 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
EP0925835B1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
DK0925835T3 (en) | 2003-08-11 |
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