EP0923435B1 - Device for receiving formwork elements for concrete building elements when manufacturing said building elements - Google Patents

Device for receiving formwork elements for concrete building elements when manufacturing said building elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0923435B1
EP0923435B1 EP97940012A EP97940012A EP0923435B1 EP 0923435 B1 EP0923435 B1 EP 0923435B1 EP 97940012 A EP97940012 A EP 97940012A EP 97940012 A EP97940012 A EP 97940012A EP 0923435 B1 EP0923435 B1 EP 0923435B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
formwork
vibration
intermediate layer
formwork shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97940012A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0923435A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Sick
Edith Kramp
Johann Breitenbach
Alexander Mark
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Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Publication of EP0923435A1 publication Critical patent/EP0923435A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/087Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould
    • B28B1/0873Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould the mould being placed on vibrating or jolting supports, e.g. moulding tables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/081Vibration-absorbing means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0029Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
    • B28B7/0032Moulding tables or similar mainly horizontal moulding surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the formwork elements are used in the manufacture of precast concrete usually arranged on vibrating tables in the concrete plants, that of using the compression for the purpose of shaping of the formwork elements are poured concrete.
  • the vibrating table usually consists of a supporting structure Steel beams and a steel plate forming the table top. to Simplification of the formwork removal and lifting of the hardened Concrete parts are often tiltable with their table top set up.
  • the vibrating tables are usually equipped with an excitation device in the form of arranged over the table top Equipped with external vibrators, which the supporting structure from the Steel beams and the table top can vibrate.
  • the external vibrators have an electric motor, pneumatic or hydraulic driven unbalances and are appropriately in attached to the supporting structure of the vibrating table.
  • EP-A-0 251 150 shows a device for receiving formwork elements for the production of components made of concrete with a load-bearing structural structure and an associated one, for compacting the still plastic concrete Flat formwork skin that can be set in vibration by means of a vibrating device. There are cushioning between the formwork skin and the structural structure Spacers inserted. The vibrating device engages bypassing the Spacers on the formwork skin.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a device which on the one hand has a uniform input of vibration energy ensures the liquid concrete and with high power density the compression time is reduced to a minimum, but on the other hand during the compression the formation of structure-borne noise in the Scarf and support structure, especially in the static structure, avoided and as far as possible the transition from structure-borne sound to airborne sound reduced.
  • the excitation device intervenes bypassing this Lanyards directly or indirectly on the formwork skin so that any sound transmission between the formwork skin and the structural structure is significantly reduced.
  • connection means are preferably between the formwork skin and the static structure as an intermediate layer arranged between them from body ball and vibration isolating Executed material (claim 3), and engages the excitation device through this intermediate layer to the formwork skin (Fig. 6).
  • the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a static structure from steel beams 1a and one arranged on the beams, in Compacting operation horizontal plate 1b, which usually made of steel, but also of other high-quality materials Strength can be formed, and with through openings 1c is provided.
  • the static structure 1 can be one Act simple, undamped type vibrating table, in the table top 1b, the through openings 1c later have been cut into it.
  • the upper part of the static structure with the plate 1b can, as in Fig. 1 indicated, compared to a lower one firmly anchored to the ground Part 1d can be pivotally connected about a pivot axis 1e, handling the finished concrete component, in particular to facilitate its removal from the formwork.
  • An intermediate layer 2 is placed on the static structure 1 has through openings 2c, which are in the assembled Condition of the entire device with the openings 1c of the plate 1b of the static structure.
  • the intermediate layer has, as in Fig. 2 and 3 indicated, a honeycomb structure.
  • the properties of which are further below to be explained in more detail lies in the assembled state of the Device on a formwork skin 3, which is usually made of steel, but also from other materials with steel-like properties, e.g. made of glass fiber reinforced hard plastic can.
  • a formwork skin 3 which is usually made of steel, but also from other materials with steel-like properties, e.g. made of glass fiber reinforced hard plastic can.
  • On this formlining 3 are through the openings 1c Plate 1b and the openings 2c over the entire surface
  • the formwork 3 is distributed in the form of vibration exciters attached by external vibrators 4.
  • the intermediate layer 2 is a viscoelastic layer which Formwork skin 3 is supported from below without any other supporting structure and has a strength that withstands the mean surface pressure.
  • This viscoelastic layer significantly reduces the Transfer from the external vibrators 4 and the formlining 3 Structure-borne noise on the static structure below 1a, 1b, which is otherwise one of the main causes of noise emissions in the vicinity of the vibrating table or the receiving device is.
  • the intermediate layer favors the equalization and amplification of the vibration caused by the external vibrators 4 the formwork skin 3 above to stimulate the concrete compaction.
  • the viscoelastic intermediate layer 2 preferably consists of a gradient material that is in relative proximity to the formlining 3 is relatively soft and therefore mechanical properties which has the propagation of vibrations in it Favor formlining 3, and that on the of the static structure on the other hand, damping and plastic properties has the structure-borne noise transmission to the static structure 1a, 1b to be largely avoided.
  • These characteristics of Intermediate layer can be achieved in different ways e.g. in that different suitable raw materials together are connected or composite materials are used whose mechanical properties meet the requirements.
  • the desired properties of the intermediate layer can e.g. due to different additives in one another Height sections of an otherwise identical according to FIG. so monolithic base material existing intermediate layer become.
  • an intermediate layer with gradient properties 3 is to obtain the intermediate layer 2 to be built up from several layers one on top of the other. 3, three layers are provided. each of the three layers of the intermediate layer 2 lying one above the other depending on what the percentage of air spaces in it is how thick the layer is and what elastic properties the material used for them has different elastic and sound-absorbing properties, whereby here too the Formwork skin 3 facing top layer 2a relatively soft elastic in contrast, the middle layer has a larger modulus of elasticity and the bottom, the static structure 1a, 1b facing Layer mainly sound-absorbing and plastic properties which has primarily the structure-borne noise transmission prevent or at least significantly reduce the static structure.
  • the external vibrators 4 are preferably each located in them miniaturized frequency converters operated (not shown), which in connection with the external vibrators 4 a controlled system for the speed and thus for the force-excited vibration frequency exhibit. A remote control can then use it the frequency of the individual external vibrators is independent of each other can be adjusted, which makes the vibration profile even the formlining 3 is very accommodating.
  • the vibration transmission elements 5 are preferably designed in such a way that that this from them, the formwork skin 3 and the external vibrators 4 existing vibration system at the chosen, desired Excitation frequency comes into resonance, with which a strengthening of the Vibration excitation is achieved.
  • This strengthening of the Vibration excitation is achieved by optimizing the dimensions of the material and achieved the tuning of the frequencies so that the directly excited by the external vibrators 4, over the intermediate layer 3 formwork skin, e.g. a thickness of 5mm with a surface of several square meters, in resonance vibrations is offset, but by the special design the connection of the external vibrators to the formwork body 3 it is ensured via the vibration transmission elements 5 that structure-borne noise not or only very strongly damped on the existing structural structure 1a, 1b is transferred.
  • the invention is also particularly suitable for its application on existing vibrating tables that have no or only insufficient ones Have soundproofing, because with these vibrating tables besides the easy to dismantle the external vibrators from their previous positions only the existing table top with openings provided for performing the vibration transmission elements 5 must be to the existing vibrating table as a load-bearing structural structure to be able to use for the device according to the invention.

Abstract

A device for receiving formwork elements used to manufacture concrete elements has in a manner known per se a bearing static structure (1a, 1b) and a flat formwork (3) joined therewith which can be made to vibrate by means of an exciting device (4) in order to compact the still plastic concrete. According to the invention, sound-insulating joining means (2) are inserted between the formwork shell (3) and the static structure (1a, 1b). The exciting device (4) bypasses said joining means (2) and acts directly or indirectly on the formwork shell (3).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei der Herstellung von Betonfertigteilen werden die Schalungselemente in den Betonwerken üblicherweise auf Rütteltischen angeordnet, die der Verdichtung des zwecks Formgebung unter Verwendung der Schalungselemente vergossenen Betons dienen. Ein solcher Rütteltisch besteht üblicherweise aus einer Tragstruktur aus Stahlträgern und einer die Tischplatte bildenden Stahlplatte. Zur Vereinfachung der Entschalung und des Abhebens der durchgehärteten Betonteile sind Rütteltische oftmals mit ihrer Tischplatte kippbar eingerichtet. Die Rütteltische sind üblicherweise mit einer Erregereinrichtung in Form von über die Tischplatte verteilt angeordneten Außenrüttlern ausgestattet, die die Tragstruktur aus den Stahlträgern und der Tischplatte in Schwingung versetzen können. Die Außenrüttler weisen elektromotorisch, pneumatisch oder hydraulisch angetriebene Unwuchten auf und sind in geeigneter Weise in der Tragstruktur des Rütteltisches angebracht. Nach dem Aufbau der formgebenden Schalungselemente auf der Rütteltischplatte und dem Vergießen des Frischbetons in die Schalungselemente und die in diese häufig eingefügten Armierungen werden die Außenrüttler in Gang gesetzt, wodurch sich komplexe Schwingungsformen in der Tragstruktur und insbesondere in der Rütteltischplatte ausbilden, die in der Folge zu einer Verdichtung des Betons führen. Die dabei in den Beton eingebrachte Vibrationsenergie ist bei den bekannten Rütteltischen mehr oder weniger ungleich verteilt. Die die Rütteltischplatte unterstützende Tragstruktur wird durch die dort angebrachten Außenrüttler ebenso angeregt wie die Tischplatte, und es kommt in der Folge zu Prellschlägen zwischen Teilen der Tragstruktur und zu einer komplexen Schallübertragung und Schallausbreitung in die Luft, die zu einer erheblichen Beeinträchtigung der Arbeitsbedingungen für die Arbeitskräfte und zu einer ggf. gesundheitsgefährdenden Belästigung der Umwelt führt. Nicht selten werden Schalldruckwerte über 100 dba erreicht.The formwork elements are used in the manufacture of precast concrete usually arranged on vibrating tables in the concrete plants, that of using the compression for the purpose of shaping of the formwork elements are poured concrete. Such a The vibrating table usually consists of a supporting structure Steel beams and a steel plate forming the table top. to Simplification of the formwork removal and lifting of the hardened Concrete parts are often tiltable with their table top set up. The vibrating tables are usually equipped with an excitation device in the form of arranged over the table top Equipped with external vibrators, which the supporting structure from the Steel beams and the table top can vibrate. The external vibrators have an electric motor, pneumatic or hydraulic driven unbalances and are appropriately in attached to the supporting structure of the vibrating table. After building the shaping formwork elements on the vibrating table top and the Pour the fresh concrete in the formwork elements and in these frequently inserted reinforcements are used in the external vibrators Gear set, which creates complex waveforms in the support structure and in particular in the vibrating table top subsequently lead to compaction of the concrete. The doing in The vibration energy introduced into the concrete is known Vibration tables distributed more or less unevenly. The the vibrating table top supporting structure is provided by the attached External vibrators as well as the table top, and it This results in bumps between parts of the support structure and complex sound transmission and propagation in the air, which significantly affects working conditions for the workforce and possibly a health hazard Environmental nuisance. Not infrequently Sound pressure values over 100 dba reached.

Um den sehr lästigen hohen Schallpegel in Betonfertigteil-Werken bei Einsatz der mit Außenrüttllern betriebenen Rütteltische herabzusetzen, wurden bereits folgende Maßnahmen zur Anwendung gebracht:

  • a) Optimierung der Lage und der Frequenz der Außenrüttler, wobei insbesondere auch angestrebt wurde, Resonanzfrequenzen zu vermeiden,
  • b) Aussteifung der Tragstruktur der Rütteltische und Verbesserung der Verbindungen zwischen Tragelementen zur Vermeidung von Prellschlägen,
  • c) Einsatz von dämmendem Material, um den Übergang Körperschall-Luftschall positiv zu beeinflussen,
  • d) Einsatz von schwingungsabsorbierenden Werkstoffen zwischen den Elementen der Tragstruktur, um Körperschall-Übertragungen zu vermeiden, und
  • e) schwingungstechnische Abkopplung der Tragstruktur vom Boden und Kraft- oder Weg-Erregung in horizontaler Ebene mit niedrigen Frequenzen, um die Entstehung von hohen Frequenzen, die besonders lästig sind, zu vermeiden.
  • In order to reduce the very annoying high noise level in precast concrete plants when using the vibrating tables operated with external vibrators, the following measures have already been applied:
  • a) optimization of the position and frequency of the external vibrators, whereby efforts were also made to avoid resonance frequencies,
  • b) reinforcement of the supporting structure of the vibrating tables and improvement of the connections between supporting elements to avoid bumping,
  • c) use of insulating material to positively influence the transition from structure-borne noise to airborne noise
  • d) use of vibration-absorbing materials between the elements of the supporting structure to avoid structure-borne noise, and
  • e) decoupling of the support structure from the ground in terms of vibration and force or path excitation in the horizontal plane at low frequencies in order to avoid the occurrence of high frequencies which are particularly troublesome.
  • Die vorgenannten Maßnahmen sind einzeln oder in passender Kombination wirksam, um die Entstehung von Lärm in der Umgebung der Rütteltische zu reduzieren. Ihre nachträgliche Anwendung an bestehenden, ohne oder nur ungenügend mit Maßnahmen zur Schallreduzierung ausgerüsteten Rütteltischen erfordert eine aufwendige Nacharbeit und bedingt aufwendige Veränderungen des Systems. Außerdem sind die damit erzielbaren Verbesserungen sehr begrenzt, abgesehen von der Anwendung der horizontalen Rüttel- oder Gyrotechnik, die wiederum hinsichtlich der Brzielung einer ausreichenden Verdichtungsleistung problematisch und deswegen nicht anerkannt ist. The above measures are individual or in a suitable combination effective to prevent noise in the vicinity of the vibrating tables to reduce. Your subsequent application to existing, without or only insufficiently with measures for noise reduction Equipped vibrating tables require extensive rework and requires complex changes to the system. Also are the achievable improvements are very limited, apart from the application of horizontal vibrating or gyro technology, which in turn with regard to the achievement of a sufficient compaction performance problematic and therefore not recognized.

    Die EP-A-0 251 150 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zum Aufnehmen von Schalungselementen zur Fertigung von Bauteilen aus Beton, mit einer tragenden Statikstruktur und einer damit verbundenen, zum Verdichten des noch plastischen Betons mittels einer Rütteleinrichtung in Schwingung versetzbaren, flächigen Schalungshaut. Zwischen der Schalungshaut und der Statikstruktur sind dämpfende Abstandselemente eingefügt. Die Rütteleinrichtung greift unter Umgehung der Abstandselemente an der Schalungshaut an. EP-A-0 251 150 shows a device for receiving formwork elements for the production of components made of concrete with a load-bearing structural structure and an associated one, for compacting the still plastic concrete Flat formwork skin that can be set in vibration by means of a vibrating device. There are cushioning between the formwork skin and the structural structure Spacers inserted. The vibrating device engages bypassing the Spacers on the formwork skin.

    Angesichts des vorgenannten Standes der Technik besteht Bedarf nach einer Technologie zur Verminderung des Entstehens von Lärm in der Umgebung von Rütteltischen, die nachträglich ohne großen Aufwand bei bestehenden, nicht oder nur ungenügend gegen die Entwicklung von Lärm geschützten Rütteltischen anwendbar ist und auch generell als lärmoptimierter Lösungsvorschlag für die Herstellung von Beton-Fertigteilen in von Außenrüttlern beaufschlagten Schalungen dienen kann.In view of the aforementioned prior art, there is a need for a technology to reduce the generation of noise in the environment of vibrating tables, which can be retrofitted without much effort with existing, not or only insufficiently against the development of noise-protected vibrating tables is applicable and also generally as a noise-optimized solution for production of precast concrete parts in formwork loaded by external vibrators can serve.

    Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die zum einen einen gleichmäßigen Eintrag von Vibrationsenergie in den flüssigen Beton gewährleistet und bei hoher Leistungsdichte die Verdichtungszeit auf ein Minimum reduziert, zum anderen aber während der Verdichtung die Entstehnung von Körperschall in der Schal- und Tragstruktur, insbesondere in der Statikstruktur, vermeidet und damit den Übergang von Körperschall in Luftschall weitestgehend reduziert.The object of the invention is therefore to create a device which on the one hand has a uniform input of vibration energy ensures the liquid concrete and with high power density the compression time is reduced to a minimum, but on the other hand during the compression the formation of structure-borne noise in the Scarf and support structure, especially in the static structure, avoided and as far as possible the transition from structure-borne sound to airborne sound reduced.

    Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The above object is achieved by the features of the claim 1 solved.

    Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, bei der er sich hinsichtlich der tragenden Statikstruktur um einen Rütteltisch bekannter einfacher, ungedämpfter Bauart mit einer auf Trägern aufliegenden Tischplatte handeln kann, von der die Außenrüttler entfernt wurden, sind zwischen der die Schalungselemente tragenden Schalungshaut und der Statikstruktur schallisolierende Verbindungsmittel eingefügt, und die Erregereinrichtung greift unter Umgehung dieser Verbindungsmittel mittelbar oder unmittelbar an der Schalungshaut an, so daß jegliche Schallübertragung zwischen der Schalungshaut und der Statikstruktur erheblich reduziert wird.In the device according to the invention, in which he is regarding the load-bearing structural structure around a vibrating table simple, undamped design with one resting on beams Table top from which the external vibrators have been removed, are between the formwork skin carrying the formwork elements and the static structure sound-insulating connecting means inserted, and the excitation device intervenes bypassing this Lanyards directly or indirectly on the formwork skin so that any sound transmission between the formwork skin and the structural structure is significantly reduced.

    Vorzugsweise sind die Verbindungsmittel zwischen der Schalungshaut und der Statikstruktur als zwischen diesen angeordnete Zwischenschicht aus körperscballisolierendem und schwingungsisolierendem Material ausgeführt (Anspruch 3), und greift die Erregereinrichtung durch diese Zwischenschicht hindurch an der Schalungshaut an (Fig. 6).The connection means are preferably between the formwork skin and the static structure as an intermediate layer arranged between them from body ball and vibration isolating Executed material (claim 3), and engages the excitation device through this intermediate layer to the formwork skin (Fig. 6).

    Die Unteransprüche haben weitere bevorzugte Maßnahmen bei der Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 zum Gegenstand.The subclaims have further preferred measures in the Device according to claim 1 to the subject.

    Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel noch näher erläutert.The invention is described below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail.

    In der Zeichnung zeigt:

    Fig.1
    eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht in auseinandergezogenem Zustand, wobei die einzelnen Teile der Vorrichtung weggebrochen dargestellt sind,
    Fig.2
    den Querschnitt entlang der Schnittlinie II-II durch die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 im zusammengebauten Zustand.
    Fig.3
    den Querschnitt entlang der Schnittlinie II-II durch die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 mit gegenüber der Fig. 2 abgewandelter Zwischenschicht.
    The drawing shows:
    Fig.1
    2 shows a device according to the invention in a schematic perspective view in an exploded state, the individual parts of the device being shown broken away,
    Fig.2
    the cross section along the section line II-II through the device of FIG. 1 in the assembled state.
    Figure 3
    the cross section along the section line II-II through the device of FIG. 1 with the intermediate layer modified compared to FIG. 2.

    Die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 weist eine Statikstruktur aus Stahlträgern 1a und einer auf den Trägern angeordneten, im Verdichtungsbetrieb horizontalen Platte 1b auf, die in der Regel aus Stahl besteht, aber auch aus anderen Materialien von hoher Festigkeit gebildet sein kann, und mit durchgehenden Öffnungen 1c versehen ist. Bei der Statikstruktur 1 kann es sich um einen Rütteltisch üblicher einfacher, ungedämpfter Bauart handeln, in dessen Tischplatte 1b die durchgehenden Öffnungen 1c nachträglich hineingeschnitten worden sind.The device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a static structure from steel beams 1a and one arranged on the beams, in Compacting operation horizontal plate 1b, which usually made of steel, but also of other high-quality materials Strength can be formed, and with through openings 1c is provided. The static structure 1 can be one Act simple, undamped type vibrating table, in the table top 1b, the through openings 1c later have been cut into it.

    Der obere Teil der Statikstruktur mit der Platte 1b kann, wie in Fig. 1 angedeutet, gegenüber einem unteren fest am Boden verankerten Teil 1d um eine Schwenkachse 1e hochschwenkbar verbunden sein, um die Handhabung des fertiggestellten Beton-Bauteils, insbesondere dessen Herauslösen aus der Schalung, zu erleichtern.The upper part of the static structure with the plate 1b can, as in Fig. 1 indicated, compared to a lower one firmly anchored to the ground Part 1d can be pivotally connected about a pivot axis 1e, handling the finished concrete component, in particular to facilitate its removal from the formwork.

    Auf die Statikstruktur 1 ist eine Zwischenschicht 2 aufgelegt, die durchgehende Öffnungen 2c aufweist, die sich im zusammengebauten Zustand der gesamten Vorrichtung mit den Öffnungen 1c der Platte 1b der Statikstruktur decken. Die Zwischenschicht hat, wie in Fig. 2 und 3 angedeutet, eine wabenartige Struktur.An intermediate layer 2 is placed on the static structure 1 has through openings 2c, which are in the assembled Condition of the entire device with the openings 1c of the plate 1b of the static structure. The intermediate layer has, as in Fig. 2 and 3 indicated, a honeycomb structure.

    Auf der Zwischenschicht 2, deren Eigenschaften weiter unten noch näher erläutert werden, liegt im zusammengebauten Zustand der Vorrichtung eine Schalhaut 3 auf, die in der Regel aus Stahl besteht, aber auch aus anderen Materialien mit stahlähnlichen Eigenschaften, z.B. aus glasfaserverstärktem hartem Kunststoff, bestehen kann. An dieser Schalhaut 3 sind durch die Öffnungen 1c der Platte 1b und die Öffnungen 2c hindurch über die gesamte Fläche der Schalhaut 3 hinweg passend verteilt Schwingungserreger in Form von Außenrüttlern 4 befestigt.On the intermediate layer 2, the properties of which are further below to be explained in more detail lies in the assembled state of the Device on a formwork skin 3, which is usually made of steel, but also from other materials with steel-like properties, e.g. made of glass fiber reinforced hard plastic can. On this formlining 3 are through the openings 1c Plate 1b and the openings 2c over the entire surface The formwork 3 is distributed in the form of vibration exciters attached by external vibrators 4.

    Wie aus Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich, kann die Befestigung der einzelnen Außenrüttler 4 jeweils über ein durch die Öffnungen 1c, 2c hindurchgreifendes Schwingungsübertragungselement 5 mit endseitigen Befestigungsplatten 5a und 5b erfolgen, das mit seiner oberen Befestigungsplatte 5a starr an der Schalhaut 3 angebracht, z.B. angeschweißt, ist und an seinem aus den Öffnungen 1c, 2c herausragenden Ende den an seiner dortigen Befestigungsplatte 5b befestigten, z.B. angeschraubten, Außenrüttler 4 trägt.As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the attachment of the individual External vibrator 4 each through an opening 1c, 2c Vibration transmission element 5 reaching through with ends Fastening plates 5a and 5b are made with its upper one Fastening plate 5a rigidly attached to the formlining 3, e.g. is welded, and on its protruding from the openings 1c, 2c The end attached to its mounting plate 5b there, e.g. screwed, external vibrator 4 carries.

    Die Zwischenschicht 2 ist eine viskoelastische Schicht, die die Schalhaut 3 ohne jegliche sonstige Tragstruktur von unten abstützt und eine dem mittleren Flächendruck standhaltende Festigkeit aufweist. Diese viskoelastische Schicht reduziert wesentlich die Übertragung von von den Außenrüttlern 4 und der Schalhaut 3 ausgehendem Körperschall auf die darunter befindliche Statikstruktur 1a, 1b, die sonst eine der Hauptursachen für die Lärmabstrahlung in die Umgebung des Rütteltisches bzw. der Aufnahmevorrichtung ist. Des weiteren begünstigt die Zwichenschicht die Vergleichmäßigung und Verstärkung der von den Außenrüttlern 4 bewirkten Schwingung der darüber liegenden Schalhaut 3 zur Anregung der Betonverdichtung.The intermediate layer 2 is a viscoelastic layer which Formwork skin 3 is supported from below without any other supporting structure and has a strength that withstands the mean surface pressure. This viscoelastic layer significantly reduces the Transfer from the external vibrators 4 and the formlining 3 Structure-borne noise on the static structure below 1a, 1b, which is otherwise one of the main causes of noise emissions in the vicinity of the vibrating table or the receiving device is. Furthermore, the intermediate layer favors the equalization and amplification of the vibration caused by the external vibrators 4 the formwork skin 3 above to stimulate the concrete compaction.

    Vorzugsweise besteht die viskoelastiche Zwischenschicht 2 aus einem Gradientenwerkstoff, der in relativer Nähe zur Schalhaut 3 relativ weichelastisch ist und somit mechanische Eigenschaften aufweist, die die Ausbreitung von Schwingungen in der darauf liegenden Schalhaut 3 begünstigen, und der auf der der Statikstruktur zugewendeten Seite demgegenüber dämpfende und plastische Eigenschaften aufweist, um die Körperschall-Übertragung auf die Statikstruktur 1a, 1b weitgehend zu vermeiden. Diese Eigenschaften der Zwischenschicht können auf verschiedene Weise erreicht werden, z.B. dadurch, daß verschiedene geeignete Grundstoffe miteinander verbunden werden oder Kompositwerkstoffe zum Einsatz kommen, deren mechanische Eigenschaften den Forderungen entsprechen.The viscoelastic intermediate layer 2 preferably consists of a gradient material that is in relative proximity to the formlining 3 is relatively soft and therefore mechanical properties which has the propagation of vibrations in it Favor formlining 3, and that on the of the static structure on the other hand, damping and plastic properties has the structure-borne noise transmission to the static structure 1a, 1b to be largely avoided. These characteristics of Intermediate layer can be achieved in different ways e.g. in that different suitable raw materials together are connected or composite materials are used whose mechanical properties meet the requirements.

    Die gewünschten Eigenschaften der Zwischenschicht können z.B. durch unterschiedliche Zuschlagstoffe in übereinander befindlichen Höhenabschnitten einer gemäß Fig.2 aus einem ansonsten gleichen, also monolithischen Grundwerkstoff bestehenden Zwischenlage erbalten werden.The desired properties of the intermediate layer can e.g. due to different additives in one another Height sections of an otherwise identical according to FIG. so monolithic base material existing intermediate layer become.

    Eine andere Möglichkeit eine Zwischenschicht mit Gradienteneigenschaften zu erhalten besteht gemäß Fig. 3 darin, die Zwischenschicht 2 aus mehreren, übereinander gelegten Lagen aufzubauen. Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 3 sind drei Lagen vorgesehen. Jede der drei übereinander liegenden Lagen der Zwischenschicht 2 hat abhängig davon, wie groß der prozentuale Anteil an Lufträumen in ihr ist, wie dick die Lage ist, und welche Elastizitätseigenschaften der für sie verwendete Werkstoff hat, unterschiedliche elastische und schalldämpfende Eigenschaften, wobei auch hier die der Schalhaut 3 zugewendete oberste Lage 2a relativ weichelastisch ist, die mittlere Lage demgegenüber einen größeren Elastizitätsmodul aufweist und die unterste, der Statikstruktur 1a, 1b zugewendete Lage vornehmlich schalldämpfende und plastische Eigenschaften aufweist, die vorrangig die Körperschall-Übertragung auf die Statikstruktur verhindern oder zumindest erheblich reduzieren.Another possibility is an intermediate layer with gradient properties 3 is to obtain the intermediate layer 2 to be built up from several layers one on top of the other. 3, three layers are provided. each of the three layers of the intermediate layer 2 lying one above the other depending on what the percentage of air spaces in it is how thick the layer is and what elastic properties the material used for them has different elastic and sound-absorbing properties, whereby here too the Formwork skin 3 facing top layer 2a relatively soft elastic in contrast, the middle layer has a larger modulus of elasticity and the bottom, the static structure 1a, 1b facing Layer mainly sound-absorbing and plastic properties which has primarily the structure-borne noise transmission prevent or at least significantly reduce the static structure.

    Die Außenrüttler 4 werden vorzugsweise mit jeweils in ihnen befindlichen miniaturisierten Frequeazumrichtern betrieben (nicht dargestellt), die in Verbindung mit den Außenrüttlern 4 eine Regelstrecke für die Drehzahl und damit für die krafterregte Schwingungsfrequenz aufweisen. Durch eine Fernsteuerung kann dann damit die Frequenz der einzelnen Außenrüttler unabhängig voneinander eingestellt werden, was einer Vergleichmäßigung des Schwingungsprofiles der Schalhaut 3 sehr entgegenkommt.The external vibrators 4 are preferably each located in them miniaturized frequency converters operated (not shown), which in connection with the external vibrators 4 a controlled system for the speed and thus for the force-excited vibration frequency exhibit. A remote control can then use it the frequency of the individual external vibrators is independent of each other can be adjusted, which makes the vibration profile even the formlining 3 is very accommodating.

    Vorzugsweise werden die Schwingungsübertragungselemente 5 so gestaltet, daß das aus ihnen, der Schalungshäut 3 und den Außenrüttlern 4 bestehende Schwingungssystem bei der gewählten, gewünschten Erregerfrequenz in Resonanz gerät, womit eine Kraftverstärkung der Schwingungserregung erzielt wird. Diese Kraftverstärkung der Schwingungserregung wird über die Opitimiernng der Werktstoff-Dimensionen und die Abstimmung der Frequenzen dergestalt erreicht, daß die durch die Außenrüttler 4 direkt angeregte, über der Zwischenschicht 3 befindliche Schalungshaut, die z.B. eine Dicke von 5mm bei einer Oberfläche von mehreren qm haben kann, in Resonanzschwingungen versetzt wird, wobei jedoch durch die besondere Gestaltung der Anbindung der Außenrüttler an den Schalungskörper 3 über die Schwingungsübertragungselemente 5 sichergestellt ist, daß dabei Körperschall nicht oder nur sehr stark gedämpft auf die vorhandene Statikstruktur 1a, 1b übertragen wird.The vibration transmission elements 5 are preferably designed in such a way that that this from them, the formwork skin 3 and the external vibrators 4 existing vibration system at the chosen, desired Excitation frequency comes into resonance, with which a strengthening of the Vibration excitation is achieved. This strengthening of the Vibration excitation is achieved by optimizing the dimensions of the material and achieved the tuning of the frequencies so that the directly excited by the external vibrators 4, over the intermediate layer 3 formwork skin, e.g. a thickness of 5mm with a surface of several square meters, in resonance vibrations is offset, but by the special design the connection of the external vibrators to the formwork body 3 it is ensured via the vibration transmission elements 5 that structure-borne noise not or only very strongly damped on the existing structural structure 1a, 1b is transferred.

    Die Erfindung eignet sich auch besonders gut für ihre Anwendung auf bestehende Rütteltische, die keine oder nur eine ungenügende Schallisolierung aufweisen, da bei diesen Rütteltischen außer der einfach zu bewerkstelligenden Demontage der Außenrüttler von ihren bisherigen Positionen nur die vorhandene Tischplatte mit Öffnungen zum Durchführen der Schwingungsübertragungselemente 5 versehen werden muß, um den vorhandenen Rütteltisch als tragende Statikstruktur für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung heranziehen zu können.The invention is also particularly suitable for its application on existing vibrating tables that have no or only insufficient ones Have soundproofing, because with these vibrating tables besides the easy to dismantle the external vibrators from their previous positions only the existing table top with openings provided for performing the vibration transmission elements 5 must be to the existing vibrating table as a load-bearing structural structure to be able to use for the device according to the invention.

    Claims (9)

    1. Device for receiving formwork elements for fabricating concrete building elements, said device having a load-bearing static structure (1a, 1b) and a two-dimensional formwork shell (3) which is connected thereto and which can be vibrated by means of an exciter device (4) for compacting the still plastic concrete, wherein soundproof connection means (2) are inserted between the formwork shell (3) and the static structure (1a, 1b) and the exciter device (4) acts indirectly or directly onto the formwork shell (3) bypassing this connection means (2), characterised in that the connection means are realised as an elastic-viscous intermediate layer (2) which consists of a material which damps vibration and provides insulation against structure-borne noise and which is disposed between the static structure (1a, 1b) and the formwork shell (3).
    2. Device as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the exciter device (4) and the intermediate layer (2) are tailored to suit each other in such a way that the intermediate layer (2) supports the exciting vibration of the formwork shell (3) and is evenly distributed over this.
    3. Device as claimed in Claim I or 2, characterised in that the intermediate layer (2) extends substantially evenly over the formwork shell (3).
    4. Device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to3, characterised in that the intermediate layer (2) consists of a gradient material which only slightly damps the vibrations of the formwork shell (3) yet at the same time performs a function of providing insulation against structure-borne noise with respect to the static structure (1a, 1b).
    5. Device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised by the vibration-transmitting elements (5) which are inserted through the intermediate layer (2) and which are located between the exciter device (4) and the formwork shell (3).
    6. Device as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the vibration-transmitting elements (5) are formed in such a way that the vibration system, which consists of these elements, the formwork shell (3) and the exciter system (4), resonates with the chosen exciter frequency.
    7. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the static structure (1a, 1b) consists of the base (1a) and the table plate (1b) of a vibrating table in a conventional known structure, the table plate (1b) of which is provided with apertures for through-insertion of the vibration-transmitting elements (5).
    8. Device as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the table plate (1b) can be pivoted between a horizontal position and a vertical position and holding elements are provided in order to hold the table plate (1b), the intermediate layer (2) and the formwork shell (3) on this table plate when the table plate (1b) is in its inclined positions.
    9. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the exciter device consists of outside vibrators (4) which are disposed distributed over the formwork shell (3) possibly over vibration-transmitting elements (5) and which act thereupon.
    EP97940012A 1996-08-03 1997-07-22 Device for receiving formwork elements for concrete building elements when manufacturing said building elements Expired - Lifetime EP0923435B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19631516 1996-08-03
    DE19631516A DE19631516A1 (en) 1996-08-03 1996-08-03 Device for receiving formwork elements for components made of concrete in the manufacture of the components
    PCT/EP1997/003957 WO1998005482A1 (en) 1996-08-03 1997-07-22 Device for receiving formwork elements for concrete building elements when manufacturing said building elements

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0923435A1 EP0923435A1 (en) 1999-06-23
    EP0923435B1 true EP0923435B1 (en) 2003-04-02

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    EP97940012A Expired - Lifetime EP0923435B1 (en) 1996-08-03 1997-07-22 Device for receiving formwork elements for concrete building elements when manufacturing said building elements

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    US (1) US6152722A (en)
    EP (1) EP0923435B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4090507B2 (en)
    DE (2) DE19631516A1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998005482A1 (en)

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    DE102004005922A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-09-15 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Device for compacting concrete in the manufacture of concrete parts
    US7682578B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Device for catalytically reducing exhaust
    US7682577B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic exhaust device for simplified installation or replacement
    US7722828B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2010-05-25 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic fibrous exhaust system and method for catalyzing an exhaust gas
    CN108582452A (en) * 2018-07-27 2018-09-28 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 A kind of small-sized prefabricated member stripper
    CN113977745A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-28 阜阳晶宫绿建节能建筑有限责任公司 Fixed die table is used in precast concrete component production

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    US3528144A (en) * 1966-07-12 1970-09-15 Edward L Haponski Concrete casting table
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0923435A1 (en) 1999-06-23
    WO1998005482A1 (en) 1998-02-12
    US6152722A (en) 2000-11-28
    JP4090507B2 (en) 2008-05-28
    JP2000515443A (en) 2000-11-21
    DE19631516A1 (en) 1998-02-05
    DE59709714D1 (en) 2003-05-08

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