Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
  • D06M13/463—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from monoamines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
  • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
  • D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for making paper or a corresponding fiber product, which process comprises rendering hydrophobic the paper or corresponding fiber product.
• the invention also relates to a cationic chemical which can be used as a hydrophobification chemical, for example as a stock size or a surface size or a fixative or a dispersing agent.
• hydrophobic sizing of paper the paper is rendered water repellent, i.e. hydrophobic, and thereby the penetration of aqueous liquids into the paper is prevented or decelerated.
• the hydrophobification can be carried out by hydrophobic stock sizing, in which a hydrophobification chemical is added to the water-containing fiber pulp suspension before web forming, or by hydrophobic surface sizing, in which a hydrophobification chemical is added to a preformed web.
• auxiliary chemicals which include a chemical providing wet strength, i.e. a wet strength size, such as formaldehyde urea adduct and dimethylol melamine, and a fixative, such as polyaluminum chloride (PAC), which lowers the anionic quality of the pulp suspension by attaching to anionic surfaces.
• a chemical providing wet strength i.e. a wet strength size, such as formaldehyde urea adduct and dimethylol melamine
• PAC polyaluminum chloride
• the object of the present invention is generally to provide a cationic chemical by the use of which as a hydrophobification chemical the drawbacks stated above are avoided and which can also be used, for example, as a surface size, a fixative or a dispersing agent. It is also an object of the invention to provide a process for rendering a fiber product hydrophobic by the use of such a cationic chemical.
• the invention relates to a process for making paper or a corresponding fiber product, the process being characterized in that a cationic chemical is added to paper or a corresponding fiber product in order to render hydrophobic the paper or the corresponding fiber product, the cationic chemical having the formula where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and are each a saturated or unsaturated acyclic, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon containing 1-41 carbon atoms, R 4 is a saturated or unsaturated acyclic, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon containing 1-41 carbon atoms and at least one oxygen atom, and X - is an anion.
• the invention relates to a cationic chemical for rendering paper or a corresponding fiber product hydrophobic, the chemical being characterized in that it contains a component derived from a compound having an OH group and a quaternary ammonium salt component, and that it has the formula I presented above, and that it has an ability to attach to anionic surfaces.
• hydrocarbon groups R 1 -R 4 When the hydrocarbon groups R 1 -R 4 are unsaturated, they may contain one or more double bonds.
• the hydrocarbon groups R 1 -R 4 may be derived from fatty acids. Examples of such suitable fatty acids include stearic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, montanic acid, pinoleic acid, and tallow fatty acid.
• the hydrocarbon groups R 1 -R 4 may also be derived from resin acid or disproportionated resin, which contain fused ring structures.
• the oxygen atom in group R 4 may, for example, be part of a chain (e.g. an ether or ester) or part of a cyclic structure (e.g. a cyclic ether) or it may be a hydroxyl substituent.
• One advantageous compound group is made up of compounds according to Formula I, where R 4 is a glycidyl group.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and X - stand for the same as in Formula I
• A is a hydrocarbon which contains 1-6 carbon atoms and may contain one or more oxygen atoms
• B is a saturated or unsaturated acyclic, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon which contains 1-41 carbon atoms.
• B may be derived from an alcohol, such as polyol (such as Penta E or starch).
• a third advantageous group of compounds is made up of compounds having the formula where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , X - and A stand for the same as in Formulae I and II, and R is a saturated or unsaturated acyclic, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon which contains 1-41 carbon atoms. R may be derived from carboxylic acid.
• X - is preferably a halogen, but it may also be some other anionic component.
• R 1 -R 3 are hydrocarbon groups containing 7-20 carbon atoms and the third is an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, R 4 is propylene oxide, and X - is a halogen.
• one of groups R 1 -R 3 is a hydrocarbon group containing 7-20 carbon atoms and the other two groups are alkyl groups containing 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl groups, R 4 is propylene oxide, and X - is a halogen.
• groups R 3 and B are hydrocarbon groups containing 7-41 carbon atoms
• groups R 1 and R 2 are alkyl groups containing 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl groups
• A is hydroxypropyl
• X - is a halogen.
• groups R 3 and R are hydrocarbon groups containing 7-41 carbon atoms
• groups R 1 and R 1 are alkyl groups containing 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl groups
• A is hydroxypropyl
• X - is a halogen.
• the said cationic chemicals are added as a stock size to an aqueous fiber pulp suspension which possibly contains a filler, in which case possibly a retention agent is also added to the fiber pulp suspension.
• the filler may be, for example, calcium carbonate.
• the said cationic chemicals may also be used as a surface size, in which case they are applied to the web by means of a size press.
• the stock size used may be a known stock size, such as ASA or AKD.
• the process according to the invention may additionally comprise a maturation treatment at an elevated temperature, the maturation temperature being preferably approx. 110-140 °C and the maturation period being preferably approx. 1-120 min.
• the said cationic chemicals are added typically approx. 0.01-2 % by weight, preferably approx. 0.3-0.6 % by weight, calculated from the dry matter of the fiber.
• auxiliary chemicals which chemically bond the chemical to the fiber.
• auxiliary chemicals include wet strength sizes, such as formaldehyde urea adduct and dimethylol melamine, and other chemicals generally known to persons skilled in the art.
• the process according to the invention is suitable for rendering hydrophobic not only paper but also other corresponding fiber products, such as board.
• R 4 is a glycidyl group
• R 4 is a glycidyl group
• R 4 is a glycidyl group
• This reaction can be carried out in NTP conditions.
• the compound according Formula I may also be prepared by any other method commonly known by persons skilled in the art.
• the compounds according to Formula II can be prepared by reacting an alcohol having the formula B-OH where B stands for the same as above, with a 2,3-epoxypropyl ammonium halide having the formula where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and X - stand for the same as above.
• the compounds according to Formula III may be prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid having the formula where R stands for the same as above, with a 2,3-epoxypropyl ammonium halide according to Formula V.
• the compound according to Formula V used as the initial substance, may be prepared by reacting a glycidyl halide with an amine R 2 R 3 NR 1 , whereupon the desired product is obtained with a high yield. This reaction can be carried out in NTP conditions.
• the compound according to Formula V may also be prepared by any other method commonly known by persons skilled in the art.
• the Cobb number i.e. the water absorbency of paper
• the Cobb method is described in greater detail in standard SCAN-P12:64.
• a cationization reagent which contains one long hydrocarbon chain is prepared.
• the initial substances used are epibromohydrin and dodecyldimethylamine.
• the reaction is carried out, for example, according to the method stated in BE patent 671 687.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 90 %.
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 1 by using dimethyl tallow amine as the amine.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 80 %.
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 2 by using epichlorohydrin as the source of epoxide.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 80 %.
• a cationization reagent which contains two long hydrocarbon chains is prepared.
• the initial substances used are epibromohydrin and di-tallow fat methylamine.
• the reaction is carried out, for example, according to the method stated in BE patent 671 687.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 80 %.
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 4 by using epichlorohydrin as the source of epoxide.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 80 %.
• 50 g is weighed of a mixture of stearic acid and palmitic acid, which is a commercial product (palmitic acid approx. 60 % and stearic acid approx. 40 %).
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 6 by using as the acid a fatty acid which is typically made up of oleic acid, linoleic acid, pinoleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out by using, for example, FT-IR, which yielded 1695.0/1720.6 as the numeric value of the acid/ester signal peaks.
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 6 by using as the acid a resin acid or a disproportionated resin, which is typically made up of abietic acid, levopimaric acid, palustric acid, dehydroabietic acid, dihydroabietic acid, tetrahydroabietic acid, pimaric acid and isopimaric acid.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out by using, for example, FT-IR, which yielded 1707.3/1738.3 as the numeric value of the acid/ester signal peaks.
• a cationization reagent which contains one long hydrocarbon chain is prepared.
• the initial substances used are epibromohydrin and dodecyldimethylamine.
• the reaction is carried out, for example, according to the method stated in BE patent 671 687.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is approx. 90 %.
• a water-soluble chemical which contains two long hydrocarbon chains is prepared in accordance with Example 6.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out by using, for example, FT-IR, which yielded 1708.9/1736.6 as the numeric value of the acid/ester signal peaks.
• the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 6, by using montan wax as the acid.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out by using, for example, FT-IR, which yielded 1708.9/1737.3 as the numeric value of the acid/ester signal peaks.
• the first step of the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 9, by using dimethyl tallow amine as the amine.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is ⁇ 80 %.
• the second step of the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 6.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out by using, for example, FT-IR, which yielded 1708.9/1736.6 as the numeric value of the acid/ester signal peaks.
• the first step of the reaction is carried out in accordance with Example 7 by using di-tallow fat methylamine as the amine.
• the epoxide content obtained for the product is ⁇ 80 %.
• the second step is carried out, for example, in accordance with the method stated in US patent 2 516 633, by using barley starch as the starch.
• the analysis of the reaction product was carried out, for example, by a total nitrogen determination, which yielded 0.1 as the DS (degree of substitution) value.
• a 2.5 per cent aqueous solution of the product according to Example 4 was tested as a surface size in paper which contained pine pulp 30 % and birch pulp 70 % and to which there had been added PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) 20 %. Both ASA and AKD were used as stock size.
• Example 12 A 2.5 per cent aqueous dispersion of the product according to Example 12 was tested as a surface size in paper which had been made from 100 % chemical pine pulp.
• the reference used was a commercial SMA (styreic maleic anhydride) surface size. The results are shown in Table 2. Chemical used Maturation period (min) Maturation temperature (°C) Cobb 60 number SMA 2.5 115 22 Chemical of Example 12 2.5 115 22
• the chemicals according to the invention shown in the following Table 5, were prepared in a manner corresponding to that in Example 6, by using stearic acid, abietic acid, oleic acid and resin acid.
• Cobb 60 s, g/m 2 means, before and after maturation (1 h, 125-128 °C), when a chemical according to the invention is used alone or together with a known wet strength size, or when a known wet strength size is used alone as a reference chemical.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Citations (3)

• 1997
  • 1997-11-19 FI FI974281A patent/FI103353B1/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1998
  • 1998-10-20 EP EP98660107A patent/EP0918104A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-11-18 JP JP10328501A patent/JPH11217791A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-11-19 ID IDP981514A patent/ID21292A/id unknown
• 1999
  • 1999-03-16 CA CA002265432A patent/CA2265432A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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