EP0916895B1 - Method for controlling an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially for water heaters - Google Patents

Method for controlling an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially for water heaters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0916895B1
EP0916895B1 EP98119119A EP98119119A EP0916895B1 EP 0916895 B1 EP0916895 B1 EP 0916895B1 EP 98119119 A EP98119119 A EP 98119119A EP 98119119 A EP98119119 A EP 98119119A EP 0916895 B1 EP0916895 B1 EP 0916895B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
gas
heaters
gas burner
controlling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98119119A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0916895A2 (en
EP0916895A3 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Gralka
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0916895A3 publication Critical patent/EP0916895A3/en
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Publication of EP0916895B1 publication Critical patent/EP0916895B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/74—Preventing flame lift-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a control method an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially water heaters, according to the genus of Main claim.
  • an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially water heaters, according to the genus of Main claim.
  • WO 97/36135 one atmospheric gas burner proposed to Stabilization of the flame position of the primary air intake and thus to change the air ratio ⁇ by using a mechanical device the position of the gas nozzles relative to change the injector opening. This device is complex and requires additional components.
  • the inventive method with the features of The main claim has the advantage that the control or Modulation range of the gas burner without additional components to the different operating conditions (Gas type change, cold start of the burner, high chimney draft etc.) adapted while maintaining a stable combustion becomes.
  • This adjustment allows the control range of the Gas burner can be designed larger, for example Disruptions in gas quality can be corrected.
  • the one limited by the increase in burner output Modulation range is expanded again by adding a predetermined time the increase in burner output again is withdrawn.
  • the position of the flames is advantageous monitored by means of an ionization current signal.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the atmospheric gas burner and Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner plate of the gas burner.
  • Figure 1 shows a gas burner 10 for a heater, with a gas supply device 14 having nozzles 12 which compared to a horizontally aligned injector arrangement 16 of the gas burner 10 so spaced in the flow direction is that the nozzles 12 each at a distance cylindrical flow channel 18 is opposite.
  • a yourself in the flow direction of the fuel gas-air mixture to the Injector arrangement 16 adjoining 90 ° deflection area 22 goes into a funnel-shaped widened to one side Mixer distributor 24 over, at the outlet one opposite burner plate 26 sealed to mixture distributor 24 is arranged.
  • the with fasteners 28 against the Mixer distributor 24 fixed burner plate 26 is with Slats or ribs 30 built up by a Cooling coil 32 are interconnected and between channels or column 34 for the passage of the fuel gas-air mixture limit that on the the combustion chamber facing side of the burner plate 26 by a with a High voltage source connected and made of two electrodes existing igniter 36 is flammable. Still is a monitoring electrode 38 is provided, with the help of which the presence of a flame can be detected by the ionization current of the flame between the igniter 36 and monitoring electrode 38 is measured.
  • the gas burner 10 operates in the following way:
  • Fuel gas is introduced into the flow channels 18 via the gas nozzles 12 injected the injector assembly 16, wherein by the Combustion gas flow ambient air is entrained. That in the fuel gas-air mixture forming the flow channels 18 over the deflection area 22 and the funnel-shaped itself expanding mixture distributor 24 to burner plate 26 guided.
  • the entire burner system nozzle pressure, injectors, Deflection area, burner plate etc.
  • ⁇ > 1 Combustion air already completely with the Primary air intake is provided (so-called Vormischbrennerkal).
  • the gas burner 10 is in accordance with the heat requirement adjustable between 45% and 100% of its nominal output. at however, there is a partial load operation of the gas burner Risk of burning becoming unstable by the flames lift off the burner surface. In this case it is Outflow velocity of the fuel gas-air mixture is higher than the speed at which the combustion takes place. This ratio of outflow speed and Flame speed changes, for example, when there is a change of gas type when the gas burner is switched off the cold state is started or if the Pressure conditions in the combustion chamber or in the Change the flue gas discharge (keyword: chimney draft) of the heater. This is where the control method according to the invention finds its Application:
  • a change in the position of the flames is by means of Ionization monitoring recorded.
  • the ionization current drops below a predetermined value (e.g. 1 ⁇ A) the current set burner output to 65% of the nominal output of the Gas burner 10 increased.
  • a predetermined value e.g. 1 ⁇ A
  • the Burner output decreases the air ratio ⁇ , which increases the Flame speed disproportionately to Outflow speed of the fuel gas-air mixture increased. This balances outflow velocity and Flame speed restored and thus one Counteracting the flames counteracted. Because these are unstable Combustion states only appear temporarily, after 30s the burner output will return to the original Value adjusted again. Should about Ionization monitoring device continues to be an unstable one Combustion state are signaled, the Burner output increased again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Steuerung eines atmosphärischen Gasbrenners für Heizgeräte, insbesondere Wassererhitzer, nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. In der WO 97/36135 wird bei einem atmosphärisch betriebenen Gasbrenner vorgeschlagen, zur Stabilisierung der Flammenposition die Primärluftansaugung und damit die Luftzahl λ zu verändern, indem über eine mechanische Vorrichtung die Position der Gasdüsen relativ zur Injektoröffnung verändert wird. Diese Vorrichtung ist aufwendig und erfordert zusätzliche Bauteile.The invention is based on a control method an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially water heaters, according to the genus of Main claim. In WO 97/36135 one atmospheric gas burner proposed to Stabilization of the flame position of the primary air intake and thus to change the air ratio λ by using a mechanical device the position of the gas nozzles relative to change the injector opening. This device is complex and requires additional components.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat den Vorteil, daß der Regel- bzw. Modulationsbereich des Gasbrenners ohne zusätzliche Bauteile an die unterschiedlichen Betriebsbedingungen (Gasartenwechsel, Kaltstart des Brenners, hoher Kaminzug etc.) unter Beibehaltung einer stabilen Verbrennung angepaßt wird. Durch diese Anpassung kann der Regelbereich des Gasbrenners größer ausgelegt werden, da beispielsweise Störungen in der Gasqualität ausgeregelt werden.The inventive method with the features of The main claim has the advantage that the control or Modulation range of the gas burner without additional components to the different operating conditions (Gas type change, cold start of the burner, high chimney draft etc.) adapted while maintaining a stable combustion becomes. This adjustment allows the control range of the Gas burner can be designed larger, for example Disruptions in gas quality can be corrected.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens nach dem Hauptanspruch möglich.By the features listed in the subclaims advantageous embodiments of the method according to Main claim possible.

Wenn sich die Position der Flammen über bestimmte Grenzen hinaus verändert, sogenanntes Abheben der Flammen, wird in vorteilhafter Weise die momentan eingestellte Brennerleistung auf 65% der Nennleistung des Gasbrenners angehoben.If the position of the flames over certain limits changed, so-called lifting of the flames, is in advantageously the currently set Burner output to 65% of the nominal output of the gas burner raised.

Der mit der Anhebung der Brennerleistung eingeschränkte Modulationsbereich wird wieder erweitert, indem nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit die Erhöhung der Brennerleistung wieder zurückgenommen wird.The one limited by the increase in burner output Modulation range is expanded again by adding a predetermined time the increase in burner output again is withdrawn.

Die Lageposition der Flammen wird in vorteilhafter Weise mittels eines Ionisationsstromsignals überwacht.The position of the flames is advantageous monitored by means of an ionization current signal.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der folgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch den atmosphärischen Gasbrenner und Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Brennerplatte des Gasbrenners.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and in the following description explained. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the atmospheric gas burner and Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner plate of the gas burner.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Figur 1 zeigt einen Gasbrenner 10 für ein Heizgerät, mit einer Düsen 12 aufweisenden Gaszufuhreinrichtung 14, die gegenüber einer horizontal ausgerichteten Injektoranordnung 16 des Gasbrenners 10 in Strömungsrichtung so beabstandet ist, daß den Düsen 12 jeweils mit Abstand ein zylinderförmiger Strömungskanal 18 gegenüberliegt. Ein sich in Strömungsrichtung des Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches an die Injektoranordnung 16 anschließender 90°-Umlenkbereich 22 geht in einen nach einer Seite trichterförmig erweiterten Gemischverteiler 24 über, an dessen Auslaß eine gegenüber dem Gemischverteiler 24 abgedichtete Brennerplatte 26 angeordnet ist.Figure 1 shows a gas burner 10 for a heater, with a gas supply device 14 having nozzles 12 which compared to a horizontally aligned injector arrangement 16 of the gas burner 10 so spaced in the flow direction is that the nozzles 12 each at a distance cylindrical flow channel 18 is opposite. A yourself in the flow direction of the fuel gas-air mixture to the Injector arrangement 16 adjoining 90 ° deflection area 22 goes into a funnel-shaped widened to one side Mixer distributor 24 over, at the outlet one opposite burner plate 26 sealed to mixture distributor 24 is arranged.

Die mit Befestigungsmitteln 28 gegenüber dem Gemischverteiler 24 fixierte Brennerplatte 26 ist mit Lamellen bzw. Rippen 30 aufgebaut, welche durch eine Kühlrohrschlange 32 miteinander verbunden sind und zwischen sich Kanäle bzw. Spalte 34 für den Durchtritt des Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches begrenzen, das auf der dem Brennraum zugewandten Seite der Brennerplatte 26 durch eine mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbundenen und aus zwei Elektroden bestehenden Zündvorrichtung 36 entzündbar ist. Weiterhin ist eine Überwachungselektrode 38 vorgesehen, mit deren Hilfe das Vorhandensein einer Flamme detektiert werden kann, indem der Ionisationsstrom der Flamme zwischen der Zündvorrichtung 36 und Überwachungselektrode 38 gemessen wird.The with fasteners 28 against the Mixer distributor 24 fixed burner plate 26 is with Slats or ribs 30 built up by a Cooling coil 32 are interconnected and between channels or column 34 for the passage of the fuel gas-air mixture limit that on the the combustion chamber facing side of the burner plate 26 by a with a High voltage source connected and made of two electrodes existing igniter 36 is flammable. Still is a monitoring electrode 38 is provided, with the help of which the presence of a flame can be detected by the ionization current of the flame between the igniter 36 and monitoring electrode 38 is measured.

Der Gasbrenner 10 arbeitet auf folgende Art und Weise:The gas burner 10 operates in the following way:

Über die Gasdüsen 12 wird Brenngas in die Strömungskanäle 18 der Injektoranordnung 16 eingedüst, wobei durch den Brenngasstrom Umgebungsluft mitgerissen wird. Das sich in den Strömungskanälen 18 bildende Brenngas-Luft-Gemisch wird über den Umlenkbereich 22 und den trichterförmig sich erweiternden Gemischverteiler 24 zur Brennerplatte 26 geführt. Das gesamte Brennersystem (Düsendruck, Injektoren, Umlenkbereich, Brennerplatte etc.) ist so ausgelegt, daß die für eine Verbrennung mit Luftüberschuß (λ > 1) notwendige Verbrennungsluft bereits vollständig mit der Primärluftansaugung zur Verfügung gestellt wird (sogenanntes Vormischbrennerprinzip).Fuel gas is introduced into the flow channels 18 via the gas nozzles 12 injected the injector assembly 16, wherein by the Combustion gas flow ambient air is entrained. That in the fuel gas-air mixture forming the flow channels 18 over the deflection area 22 and the funnel-shaped itself expanding mixture distributor 24 to burner plate 26 guided. The entire burner system (nozzle pressure, injectors, Deflection area, burner plate etc.) is designed so that the necessary for combustion with excess air (λ> 1) Combustion air already completely with the Primary air intake is provided (so-called Vormischbrennerprinzip).

Entsprechend der Wärmeanforderung ist der Gasbrenner 10 zwischen 45% und 100% seiner Nennleistung regelbar. Bei einem Teillastbetrieb des Gasbrenners besteht jedoch die Gefahr, daß die Verbrennung instabil wird, indem die Flammen von der Brenneroberfläche abheben. In diesem Fall ist die Ausströmgeschwindigkeit des Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches höher als die Geschwindigkeit mit der die Verbrennung erfolgt. Dieses Verhältnis von Ausströmgeschwindigkeit und Flammengeschwindigkeit ändert sich beispielsweise dann, wenn es zu einem Gasartenwechsel kommt, wenn der Gasbrenner aus dem kalten Zustand heraus gestartet wird oder wenn sich die Druckverhältnisse in der Brennkammer bzw. in der Abgasabführung (Stichwort: Kaminzug) des Heizgeräts ändern. Hier findet das erfindungsgemäße Regelverfahren seine Anwendung:The gas burner 10 is in accordance with the heat requirement adjustable between 45% and 100% of its nominal output. at however, there is a partial load operation of the gas burner Risk of burning becoming unstable by the flames lift off the burner surface. In this case it is Outflow velocity of the fuel gas-air mixture is higher than the speed at which the combustion takes place. This ratio of outflow speed and Flame speed changes, for example, when there is a change of gas type when the gas burner is switched off the cold state is started or if the Pressure conditions in the combustion chamber or in the Change the flue gas discharge (keyword: chimney draft) of the heater. This is where the control method according to the invention finds its Application:

Eine Lageänderung der Flammen wird mittels der Ionisationsüberwachung erfaßt. Sinkt der Ionisationsstrom unter einen vorgegebenen Wert (z.B. 1 µA) wird die momentan eingestellte Brennerleistung auf 65% der Nennleistung des Gasbrenners 10 erhöht. Durch die Anhebung der Brennerleistung nimmt die Luftzahl λ ab, wodurch sich die Flammengeschwindigkeit überproportional zur Ausströmgeschwindigkeit des Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches erhöht. Damit wird das Gleichgewicht von Ausströmgeschwindigkeit und Flammengeschwindigkeit wiederhergestellt und somit einem Abheben der Flammen entgegengewirkt. Da diese instabilen Verbrennungszustände nur zeitweise in Erscheinung treten, wird nach 30s die Brennerleistung auf den ursprünglichen Wert wieder zurückgeregelt. Sollte über die Ionisationsüberwachungseinrichtung weiterhin ein instabiler Verbrennungszustand signalisiert werden, wird die Brennerleistung erneut angehoben.A change in the position of the flames is by means of Ionization monitoring recorded. The ionization current drops below a predetermined value (e.g. 1 µA) the current set burner output to 65% of the nominal output of the Gas burner 10 increased. By raising the Burner output decreases the air ratio λ, which increases the Flame speed disproportionately to Outflow speed of the fuel gas-air mixture increased. This balances outflow velocity and Flame speed restored and thus one Counteracting the flames counteracted. Because these are unstable Combustion states only appear temporarily, after 30s the burner output will return to the original Value adjusted again. Should about Ionization monitoring device continues to be an unstable one Combustion state are signaled, the Burner output increased again.

Claims (4)

  1. Method for controlling an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, in particular water heaters, having a gas-supply device and an injector arrangement for the fuel gas/air mixture, and having a monitoring device for recording the flame position, characterized in that, in the event of a defined distance between the flames and the burner surface being exceeded, the burner power is increased.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the instantaneously set burner power is increased to 65% of the rated power of the gas burner.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the increase in the burner power is eliminated again within a predetermined time.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the position of the flames is monitored by means of an ionization current signal.
EP98119119A 1997-11-17 1998-10-09 Method for controlling an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially for water heaters Expired - Lifetime EP0916895B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19750870A DE19750870C2 (en) 1997-11-17 1997-11-17 Method for monitoring the flame position on a controllable atmospheric gas burner for heating devices, in particular water heaters
DE19750870 1997-11-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0916895A2 EP0916895A2 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0916895A3 EP0916895A3 (en) 1999-09-22
EP0916895B1 true EP0916895B1 (en) 2002-04-17

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EP98119119A Expired - Lifetime EP0916895B1 (en) 1997-11-17 1998-10-09 Method for controlling an atmospheric gas burner for heaters, especially for water heaters

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DE (2) DE19750870C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2175587T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10100728A1 (en) * 2001-01-10 2002-07-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Process for operating a gas boiler

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59131826A (en) * 1983-01-19 1984-07-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Petroleum hot air blower
EP0770824B1 (en) * 1995-10-25 2000-01-26 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Method and circuit for controlling a gas burner
IT1283699B1 (en) * 1996-03-25 1998-04-30 Enrico Sebastiani ADJUSTMENT OF THE SPEED OF THE OUTLET OF THE AIR-GAS MIXTURE FROM THE FLAME OUTLETS OF GAS BURNERS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0916895A2 (en) 1999-05-19
DE59803832D1 (en) 2002-05-23
DE19750870C2 (en) 2001-04-26
EP0916895A3 (en) 1999-09-22
ES2175587T3 (en) 2002-11-16
DE19750870A1 (en) 1999-05-27

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