EP0915042A1 - Method and device for separating flexible flat objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The separating process involves lifting the objects from the stack and transporting them away to one side. These movements are carried out by a gripping device (26) which can be shifted relative to the objects. It is brought into contact with the stack edge running transversely to the transporting direction and taking in this direction over the stack. The gripping device used has at least one freely rotating suction roller (30), which can be braked, for contacting the object (14).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for separating flexible flat objects, especially of metal sheets, with the in The preamble of claims 1 and 20 features mentioned.

A method and an apparatus of the generic type Art are known from DE 43 23 905 A1. For Flat objects are usually further processed provided in the form of stacks, wherein by means of a device from the top of the Stack of the flat objects individually removed become. It is known to do this with one with one overhead object of the stack in contact bringable lifting device to lift the upper object and transfer it to a transport position. In such a from DE 43 23 905 A1 known device is disadvantageous that a lifting movement of the top object of the stack only alternating with a transport movement of the raised Object is feasible. Further is by only partially attacking the upper one Object on a front in the direction of transport lying stack edge, a fluttering of the objects, especially at their in the direction of transport seen rear edge, not excluded.

The invention has for its object a method and a device of the generic type specify by means of which a safe guidance of the objects to be separated with high separation speed is guaranteed.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a method with the features mentioned in claim 1 solved. The fact that the lifting movement and the transport movement the objects by at least one Adhesive device relocatable relative to the objects takes place, preferably in system contact with a transverse to the transport direction of the objects brought running stacking edge of the objects and then in the direction of transport over the objects is advantageous possible to cross the objects on the one hand to increase the width running in the direction of transport and starting from this partially raised Position of the objects by relocating the Adhesion device relative to the objects in Direction of transport of the objects over the entire area to transfer them to their raised position. Hereby can be a starting point from this raised position Acceleration of the objects to be separated in Direction of transport take place, which is preferred done by the detention facility itself. Hereby can the step of lifting the objects with the step of accelerating the objects are coupled very advantageously. In a particularly preferred embodiment provided that the acceleration of the objects independent in the direction of transport by the adhesive device from the lifting movement, so that accordingly the materials to be separated, in particular depending on their flexibility different given starting conditions with regard of lifting and accelerating the Objects can be influenced.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is intended that the acceleration of the objects in the direction of transport before completion of the lifting movement starts. This advantageously achieves that used during the lifting movement Period of time for the acceleration of the Objects used in the direction of transport, so that the separation of the objects at high speed can be done.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention provided that the objects during their lifting movement at least in some areas in the direction of transport be relocated. This will be advantageous achieved that by this partial shift in Transport direction seen in the transport direction rear stacking edge of the next item becomes free and this, even while lifting and Accelerating the top object, too can be separated. This will make a scale-like Separation of the objects possible at the by separating them partially overlapping Objects a further increase in speed the isolation is achieved, so very much many separation processes per unit of time implemented can be. Due to the total time parallel process steps of lifting as well as accelerating a first object with a lifting of a second object very high throughput when separating achieve.

The task continues through a device solved with the features mentioned in claim 20. The fact that at least one detention facility in Active contact, preferably with a cross to the direction of transport the stacking edge of the objects can be brought, and relative to the holding device and to the objects in their transport direction is shiftable, can be even achieve flutter-free lifting of the objects. By relocating the detention facility to The direction of transport of the objects becomes these - Starting from their rear in the direction of transport Stacking edge - continuously raised and thus isolated. By continuously lifting the flat objects do not suddenly become, but gradually into their raised position transferred, due to the flexibility of the Objects this one shaping while lifting subject to a smooth and safe Transfer to the raised position supported.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, that the detention facility at least one Suction roll includes, which comes into contact with the objects can be brought, the suction roller preferably is freely rotatable. The suction roll the detention center learns through their investment contact on the objects to be separated Rotary motion by the speed of motion the adhesive device in the transport direction of the objects and the speed of the individual Objects in the direction of transport is determined. This advantageously ensures that the suction roller continuously across the surface of the objects rolls off and thus this according to the Progress of movement of the adhesive device gently and safely lifts.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the suction roll is braked is, the braking preferably by a static and / or dynamic braking device can be introduced is. This advantageously achieves that depending on braking of the suction roll the acceleration of the objects to be separated can take place in the direction of transport. By slow and evenly braking the suction roll with one changed essentially constant braking torque the suction roller hers, at the point of contact with the separating objects, for the direction of transport opposite rotation of the objects, so that this, according to the relative movement of the Adhesion to the objects by friction, taken in the direction of transport and thus be accelerated. This makes it easier Way to hand over the objects to a transport and / or downstream of the singling station Reach the processing station.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention provided that the detention facility on a Movement path can be brought into its starting position is that of the during active operation of the The hard device deviates from the path of movement preferably at least two detention facilities are provided, which are successively along the trajectories are shiftable. This is advantageously possible, a parallel separation performing the objects, that is, while a first upper object is still in active contact with a first detention facility, can be lifted using a second adhesive device of a next item, by being in active contact with the in the direction of transport rear stacking edge of the second item brought. This allows, accordingly the number of detention facilities achieve scale-like separation of the objects, where - viewed in the direction of transport - On their mutually facing stack edges (Transverse edges) overlap each other without being in touch to get.

Further preferred configurations of the invention result from the rest, in the subclaims mentioned features.

Figuren 1 bis 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Vereinzeln flächiger Gegenstände in verschiedenen Vereinzelungsstufen;

Figuren 5 und 6

schematische Seitenansichten der Vereinzelungsvorrichtung in weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen;

Figuren 7 und 8

Detailansichten einer Hubeinrichtung;

Figuren 9 und 10

schematische Seitenansichten der Vereinzelungsvorrichtung in weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen;

Figuren 11 und 11a

schematische Seitenansichten einer Vereinzelungsvorrichtung nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figuren 12 bis 14

Detailansichten von Vereinzelungsvorrichtungen in verschiedenen Ausführungsvarianten;

Figuren 15a bis 15e

schematische Detailansichten von Hafteinrichtungen in verschiedenen Ausführungsvarianten;

Figur 16

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Vereinzelungsvorrichtung in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figuren 17 und 18

schematischen Perspektivansichten von Haftbändern der Vereinzelungsvorrichtung und

Figuren 19a und 19b

Ansichten einer Saugrolle.

The invention is explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the associated drawings. Show it:

Figures 1 to 4

is a schematic side view of a device for separating flat objects in different separation levels;

Figures 5 and 6

schematic side views of the separating device in further embodiments;

Figures 7 and 8

Detailed views of a lifting device;

Figures 9 and 10

schematic side views of the separating device in further embodiments;

Figures 11 and 11a

schematic side views of a separating device according to a further embodiment;

Figures 12 to 14

Detailed views of separating devices in different versions;

Figures 15a to 15e

schematic detailed views of detention facilities in different versions;

Figure 16

a schematic side view of a separating device in a further embodiment;

Figures 17 and 18

schematic perspective views of adhesive tapes of the separating device and

Figures 19a and 19b

Views of a suction roll.

In Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is a schematic Side view of a separating device 10, by means of which a stack 12 areal objects 14 are to be separated. The objects 14 are here with their Large areas lying on top of each other to form the stack 12 stacked a lifting table 16 only indicated here. The representation is purely schematic, whereby for reasons of clarity on the Representation of other components, such as Drive and control devices, mechanical Connecting and / or fastening elements, electrical and pneumatic control lines etc. was waived.

As to be separated with the separation device 10 Objects 12 come, for example, flat flexible, arcuate objects. For example, thin sheets of metal, Sheets of paper or cardboard, plastic sheets or something like that. Below is always talked about objects.

For a uniform definition of the description of the following exemplary embodiments is in a coordinate system a stroke direction with an arrow 18 and a transport direction marked with an arrow 20. In the description below without specifying this in detail in all figures, the stroke direction 18 as in the illustration upward movement and the direction of transport 20 as directed to the left in the illustrations Movement accepted. Of course are accordingly reversed respectively differently aligned arrangement of the still descriptive items of the separating devices the stroke direction 18 and the Transport direction 20 can also be selected differently.

The separating device comprises a holding device 22, at least one lifting device 24 and at least one adhesive device 26. The lifting device 24 has an adjustable height, the is called squeegee 28 displaceable in the stroke direction 18. The lifting device 24 is arranged so that its Squeegee 28 seen in a transport direction 20 rear stacking edge 29 of the objects to be separated 14 attacks. This can be done immediately at the stack edge or spaced apart from the stack edge - seen in transport direction 20 - attack. The separating device 10 comprises, for example two lifting devices 24, for example on both sides of the holding device 22 are arranged. This means the holding device 22 is slightly narrower than a distance between the two lifting devices 24 into which Looking into the image plane of FIGS. 1 to 4, to each other. According to further embodiments can also across the width of the objects 14 several lifting devices 24 may be provided. For this grasp the squeegee 28 either through recesses of the holding device 22, or this begins Seen in the direction of transport 20, only behind the lifting devices 24.

The adhesive device 26 comprises at least one suction roller 30 by means of a cross member 32 in the transport direction 20 is relocatable. Across the width the objects 14 can be seen on the traverse 32 a plurality of suction rollers 30 can also be arranged, the axes of rotation of which run parallel to one another and are preferably arranged in alignment.

In Figure 19a is an enlarged view of the possible Construction of a suction roller 30 shown. This is rotatably supported about an axis of rotation 34. As a schematic plan view in Figure 19b on the suction roll 30 shows, this consists, for example two flanges 36 through a cylindrical Middle part 38 are interconnected. The middle part 38 has a perforation indicated here 40, so that over a - not shown - with the interior of the cylindrical middle part 38 connected vacuum source a suction flow can be achieved is. The one shown in Figures 19a and 19b Suction roll 30 is only exemplary, so is everyone other suitable structure by means of which the following the function explained can be implemented, possible.

The holding device 22 consists of an adhesive belt section 42, the at least one adhesive strap 44 includes the indicated bearings 46 in Transport direction 20 extends. A possible more detailed Structure of the adhesive belt section 42 is with reference to Figures 17 and 18 explained in more detail.

The separating device shown in Figures 1 to 4 10 shows the following function:

First, the lifting devices 24 set with their Suction feet 28 on an upper object 14 and apply this to a suction force. Hereby become the end sections in the area of the stack edge 29 sucked in and by moving the suction feet 28 in Lifting direction 18 also raised. The suction feet 28 are moved so far in stroke direction 18 until the object 14 is in contact with the least a suction roll 30 or in system contact with the suction belt 42 or the holding device 22 (Suction roll 30 can also touch down later) arrives (Figure 2). This will make the top one Item 14 in the area of the stack edge 29 of the remaining stack 12 separated while one in Transport direction 20 front area of the object 14 rests on the stack 12. The object 14 experiences an approximately S-shaped Forming 46. This forming 46 is due to the flexibility of the objects 14 to be separated, without this over their elastic limit deformed and thus damaged.

The object 14 lies with its in the transport direction 20 seen rear area next to the Adhesive roller 30 on the holding device 22. The Holding device 22 can be used, for example, as a suction device act in that by the adhesive strap 44 through which the object 14 is subjected to a vacuum becomes. Made of a magnetizable material existing objects 14 can be the holding device 22 also act magnetically in which the Item 14 with a magnetic field, also through through the adhesive straps 44. In in any case, the holding device 22 Object 14, corresponding to Figure 2, first in its rear in the direction of transport 20, in held in a transport position.

After the rear area in the direction of transport 20 of the object 14 in contact with the suction roller 30 and the holding device 22 come is, the adhesive device 26 in the transport direction 20 moves. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the item 14 continuously in Transport direction 20 progressively raised and applied to the holding device 22. In the fields of of item 14 already by the detention facility 26 have been passed, the positioning of the raised object 14 from the Holding device 22 taken over. The detention facility 26 becomes relative to in the direction of transport 20 the article 14 until a section 48 - In the transport direction 20 of the objects 14 in front lying - is also lifted off the stack 12 and abuts the adhesive device 22. During the continuous Lift item 14 off the stack 12 the formation 46 moves according to the speed of movement the detent 26 in Transport direction 20 with until the entire object 14 essentially flat on the holding device 22 is present. As a result, there is a guided Lifting over the entire length of the object 14 so that it is safe without fluttering is isolated. The lifting of the object 14 takes place here via the one illustrated in FIG. 19 Design of the suction roller 30 by the Item 14 applied with a vacuum becomes. The level of the negative pressure depends on the properties, especially the weight and the Flexibility of the items to be separated 14.

During the relative movement of the adhesive device 26 the suction roller 30 rolls relative to the object 14 on the object 14 with a rotary movement 50, that of the transport direction 20, in the contact area between the object 14 and the adhesive roller 30 is (Figure 19a). Neglecting of friction losses when storing the Suction roller 30 is the speed of the difference in speed between the in the direction of transport 20 moving axis of rotation 34 of the suction roller 30 and the speed of the object 14 in the transport direction 20 and a diameter of the suction roller 30 determined. The transport speed of the Item 14 is launched from the stack during lifting 12 ideally initially assumed to be zero, so that the rotational movement 50 from the moving speed the axis of rotation 34 in the transport direction 20 is dependent. According to this adjustable Feed movement of the entire adhesive device 26 there is thus a rolling of the suction roller 30 on the Item surface 14.

Now has item 14 while lifting the item the suction roll 30 the front end 48 of the article 14 reached, the suction roller 30 with a Braking force applied. The braking force can, for example by a static braking device, for example a brake shoe or the like, or a dynamic braking device, for example electromotive, as an eddy current brake or the like respectively. As a result of the suction roll braking 30 and if the relative movement continues, the Adhesion device 26 and thus the axis of rotation 34 of the Suction roll 30 is corresponding to that on the suction roll 30 braking torque exerted a friction torque transferred to the object 14 so that this in Transport direction 20 is accelerated. Such The position of the object 14 is shown in FIG. 4, where the raised object 14 in the direction of transport 20 with its end 48 over the stack 12 was moved out. The amount of acceleration of the object 14 in the transport direction 20 can here by a control device, not shown be specified over which a height of Speed of movement of the axis of rotation 34 in the transport direction 20 and / or a height of the suction roller 30 attacking braking torque adjustable is. By applying a constant braking torque on the suction roll 30 is uniform Acceleration of the object 14 in the direction of transport 20 until a target speed is reached, which with the suction roller 30 at a standstill Direction of rotation 50 is reached. This will Object 14 in the effective range of one in the exemplary embodiments Transport and / or processing device for the object, no longer shown 14 transferred.

During the acceleration of the object 14 in Transport direction 20 is in the area of the stack edge 29 the one lying in the rear in the direction of transport 20 Area of under the previously raised and Object accelerated in the direction of transport 20 14 next object 14 lying in the stack 12 free. This is in turn with the suction feet 28 Lifting device 24 gripped and raised. Hereby the same is repeated with the help of the figures 1 to 4 described sequence, so that one after the other the objects 14 of the stack 12 isolated and be transported away. So the next item 14 already being raised while up the first raised object 14 is still in the area of the stack 12 is located. It thus finds a scale-like one Separating the objects 14 instead, that is, these partially overlap. Hereby is a parallel execution of the individual process steps possible. During a first object 14 still accelerated in the transport direction can already be a next item 14 are raised. This is a big one Separation speed by means of the separation device 10 possible.

For further optimization of the separation speed it can be provided that the object 14 is already accelerated in the transport direction 20, before this in the stroke direction 18 completely on the Holding device 22 abuts. This can be achieved be by the suction roller 30 already with a Brake torque is applied before this the end 48 of item 14 has reached. With others Words, the item 14 still partially its formation 46 and is already at this stage accelerated in the transport direction 20. The acceleration is chosen so that the object 14 still a lower speed in the direction of transport has as the adhesive device 26, so that a sure smooth fit on the holding device 22 remains guaranteed.

In Figure 5 the process is scaled Isolation clarifies. A first item 14 is already accelerated in the transport direction 20 and leaves the area of the stack 12 in the direction a transport device, not shown. Of the second object 14 is through the lifting device 24 with its rear end in the direction of transport 20 in system contact with the holding device 22 and arrest device 26 arrives. To the second item 14, the detention facility follows 26 in the transport direction 20 the rear end of the first object 14. A distance between the rear end of the first object 14 and the adhesive device 26 is selected so that a touch contact between successive objects 14 is prevented. To this successive to achieve scale-like separation, is according to the embodiment shown in Figure 5 the adhesive device 26 on a movement path 52 returned to their starting position. The movement path 52 differs from one Movement path 54, along which the adhesive device 26, in particular their suction roller 30, while the separation of the objects 14 out becomes. By setting appropriate cycle times both the lifting movement of the lifting device 24 and also the circulation of the adhesive device 26 on the Trajectories 54 or 52 can determine the separation speed can be set. The Trajectory 54, the non-force level of movement corresponds to the active elements (suction roller 30), runs below the holding device 22.

In order to increase the cycle times, as in FIG. 6 illustrates, be provided that the separating device 10 several, for example two Adhesive devices 26 and 26 '. these can then alternately touching the objects 14 take over to the holding device 22. By the Providing at least two detention devices 26 can be the cycle time of separating the objects 14 can be increased. For example, while one first adhesive device 26 along the path of movement 52 moves to its starting position, the second Adhesion device 26 'already lifting a next one Perform item 14. By voting the acceleration of the first object 14 in Transport direction 20 through the first adhesive device 26 and lifting the next item 14 by the lifting device 24 or the subsequent painting of the next item 14 to the holding device 22 can separate at very high speed, that is, with a high number of separation processes per unit of time, can be set.

For the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the lifting table 16 the stack 12 corresponding to the Separation progress gradually or continuously lifts so that an upper object 14th of the stack 12 always in the effective range of the lifting device 24 lies.

According to the exemplary embodiments explained in FIGS. 1 to 6 the lifting device 24 engages next item 14 if the one previously created Object 14 accelerated so far in the direction of transport 20 was that a 20 rear area of next item 14 for the lifting device 24 becomes accessible. That leaves the lifting device 24 in a rest position, until the article 14 through the adhesive device 26 applied to the holding device 22 and, as explained, was accelerated in the transport direction 20. In order to shorten this waiting time of the lifting device 24, and thus the separation speed it is intended to further increase the lifting device 24 movable in the transport direction 20. According to the embodiment shown in Figure 7 the lifting device 24 experiences parallel to it Stroke 18 at the same time a movement in Transport direction 20, so that due to the overlay a resulting movement 56 occurs. This resulting movement 56 of the lifting device 24 leads to the object 14 during the application to the holding device 22 and the adhesive device 26 seen with its 20 in the transport direction trailing edge from the stacking edge 29 in Transport direction 20 is moved away. This can the lifting device 24 after putting on the object 14 in their starting position opposite the Transport direction 20 can be retracted and immediately grab the next item 14 because of that the stack edge 29 adjacent area now free is. The alternating movement of the lifting device 24 in or against the transport direction 20 can be driven, for example Sledge done.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 8 the lifting device 24 is pivotable about an axis of rotation 58 arranged. During the lifting movement in Stroke direction 18 is pivoted about Axis of rotation 58 in the transport direction 20, so that the Squeegee 28 experiences the resulting movement 56.

Again, the area of the next item 14 free at its stacking edge 29, so that the Lift 24 already the next item 14 can grab before the previous item 14 is accelerated in the transport direction 20. Around smooth and even lifting of objects 14 to ensure by the lifting device 24 can the suction foot 28 articulated if necessary be trained so that despite the resulting Movement 56 an even vertical application of the object 14 to the holding device 22 he follows.

The view shown in FIG. 9 shows that a first object 14 by the adhesive device 26 still applied to the holding device 22 and - like the front end of the stack 12 illustrates - in the direction of transport 20 still is not accelerated. Already during this process the next object 14 becomes by the lifting device 24 raised in stroke direction 18. Here it can be provided that the object 14 first raised to an intermediate position 60 is so that an opening 62 is formed. With Reaching intermediate position 60 through the object 14 is via a nozzle arrangement 63, which at least includes a nozzle, blowing air into the opening 62 blown. This will detach the straight raised object 14 supported by the stack 12. In particular, it is avoided that the Lifting device 24 or subsequently by the adhesive device 26 in the stack 12 due to a Surface adhesion of objects stuck together 14 be raised. It becomes a safe separation supports the items 14. By the guided painting of the objects 14 over the Adhesive device 26 will cause the objects to flutter 14 excluded.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG shown with the same parts as in the previous ones Figures with the same reference numerals are, so that their structure and function are not repeated is explained. One difference is that the holding device 22 from in the transport direction 20 spaced-apart adhesive rollers 64 are formed is. These adhesive rollers 64 correspond in their basic structure and its basic Function of the suction roller 30, that is, this are able to vacuum the objects 14 able to hold the in the objects 14 transferred by the adhesive device 26 become.

Further exemplary embodiments of Separating devices 10 explained, however only on the differences to those already shown Embodiments is discussed. Components of the separating device, not explained 10 have the same structure and same function as explained. According to that in Figure 11 and Figure 11a illustrated embodiment the adhesive device 26 is a pair of suction rollers 30 formed. Here, the axes of rotation 34 are Suction rolls 30 arranged parallel to each other and on stored at least one holding arm 66. This is held in an articulation point 68, which has a Traverse, not shown, along the trajectory 54 is feasible. With such a configuration arresting device 26 is reached that for lifting the objects 14 from the stack edge 29 an additional lifting device 24 does not is needed. The front in the direction of movement 20 lying suction roll 30 is in contact with the Item 14 brought. According to the movement the adhesive device 26 in the transport direction 20 here the beginning (in the transport direction 20 rear End) of the object 14 raised and reached then in the effective range of the second Suction roller 30 of the adhesive device 26. After another Moving the adhesive device 26 in the transport direction 20 the rear end of the object 14 from the Holding device 22 taken over and in by this the top layer held. FIG. 11a shows as the object 14 is lifted out of the stack 12 is transferred to its upper position becomes. In addition to the elimination of the lifting device 24 achieved that the object 14 also in the area its formation 46 by the two spaced apart arranged suction rollers 30 is guided. Hereby the objects can be put on very cleanly 14 to the holding device 22. The subsequent acceleration in the direction of transport 20 can in turn by braking at least one of the suction rollers 30 of the adhesive device 26.

The adhesive device 26 experiences a movement here, where the lifting movement and the movement along the movement paths 52 and 54, respectively be driven through in succession. The lifting movement goes into trajectory 54 and then into Trajectory 52 over. From the trajectory 52 the detention facility is lowered on the basis 26 on the upper object of the stack 12 for Lifting the next item 14.

FIGS. 12 to 14 are detailed views of the Separating device 10, in particular the adhesive device 26 shown. Using the shown in Figure 12 View again shows that the formation of the adhesive device 26 spaced apart by two suction rollers 30 arranged in relation to one another an exact guidance of the objects 14 in the area the formation 46 takes place. According to the distance the suction rolls 30 has a straight 46 Center section 70 so that the increase in Forming 46 from the stack to the raised position Position on the holding device 22 made more uniform can be. Especially when separating thin-walled sheet metal becomes an exact guide the objects 14 reached without this by possibly kinking in the area of the formation 46 can be damaged.

FIG. 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which the suction rollers 30 additionally by one Suction belts 72 are spanned. Here is the Surface of the articles 14 on the suction belt 72 , whereby their guidance in the area of the formation 46 is improved.

Different embodiments are shown in FIGS. 15a to 15e the adhesive device 26 schematically shown. Variants are shown in FIGS. 15a and 15b, in which the adhesive device 26 is spaced two has suction rollers 30 arranged in relation to one another, while in Figures 15c to 15e variants are shown, in which additionally via the suction roller 30 a suction belt 72 is guided.

As shown in Figures 15a and 15b a guide plate 74 between the suction rollers 30 provided that either a flat course (Figure 15a) or a curved course (FIG. 15b) having. The curved course can, for example be convex and / or concave. Likewise guide plates 74 can also be used, in which planes with curved, that is, concave and / or alternate convexly curved sections. The guide plates 74 ensure that the Objects 14 in the area of their formation 46 a defined Experience leadership. This will, on the one hand supports the even leadership and on the other hand a lift from the stack 12 favors because the item 14, for example, initially a undergoes stronger shaping, so that a surface adhesion between superimposed objects 14 is overcome. After detaching the item 14 from the stack 12, the guidance becomes gentler, for example set so that the object 14 evenly be applied to the holding device 22 can.

In an analogous manner to the arrangement of the guide surface 74 with suction rollers 30 spaced apart from one another, according to the embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 15c and 15d, even with the arrangement of a suction belt 72 a guide plate 76 may be provided. This is on the object 14 facing away Arranged side of the suction belt 72 and has a certain selectable contour over which the suction belt 72 is performed. According to Figure 15c chosen a flat contour so that an exactly straight one Guide section in the formation 46 of the objects 14 is guaranteed. According to FIG. 15d, this can be done Guide plate 76 have a curved contour, against which the suction belt 72 rests. The curvature can again also concave and / or convex be so that a certain shape of the Forming 46 is adjustable.

15e, the suction belt 72 is a guide roller 78 assigned. This leadership role 78 can on the one hand for tensioning the suction belt 72 and thus for setting an even guidance the objects 14 serve. Furthermore, about the Guide roller 78 braking the suction belt 72 and thus the suction roller 30, so that the already acceleration of objects 14 explained can take place in the transport direction 20. Furthermore is a driving of the Suction belt 72 or the suction rollers 30 possible so that their speed of rotation in the direction of rotation 50 (Figure 19a) is variable.

In the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 15c to 15e can the suction rollers 30 for example be designed as guide rollers, while the Suction through the trained as suction boxes Guide plates 76 takes place.

Figure 16 shows a schematic side view a separating device 10, in which two Adhesive devices 26, 26 'are provided, for example 11, 12, 13 and 15 have the structure shown. By means of the first detention facility 26, a first object 14 is raised and applied to the holding device 22. The second adhesive device 26 'lifts a next object 14 from the stack 12 and also places it to the holding device 22. The detention facilities 26 and 26 'point - in the direction of transport 20 considered - a distance x from each other. Of the Distance x is measured in the articulation points 68, along the path of motion 54 (Figure 6) be performed. The one through the first detention facility 26 guided object 14 is during its creation to the holding device 22 with its - in Transport direction 20 seen - rear end in Transport direction 20 offset to the holding device 22 created. This offset is caused by the Formation 46 determines the distance from the uppermost object 14 of the stack 12 from the bottom the holding device 22 and the course the formation 46 determined. Correspondingly, for example concave and / or convex curved guide plates 74 or 76 (FIGS. 15a to 15e) the formation 46 can be influenced so that the rear end of the object 14 so far in the transport direction 20 advanced that the next Adhesive device 26 'the following object 14 can already attack or lift (also compare resulting movement 56, FIG. 7 and Figure 8). By choosing the distance x can be achieved be that the front suction roller 30 of second adhesive device 26 'under the in the transport direction 20 rear end of the previously raised Item 14 engages. Thus, a scale-like Separation can be optimized in the sense that at the same time at least two objects 14 with maximum approach can be lifted off without these touch.

During the lifting of the objects 14, it is possible the distance x between the detention facilities 26, 26 'to change, in particular to enlarge. This ensures that the first lifted off Item 14 its upper layer on the holding device 22 reached faster and therefore faster in Transport direction 20 can be accelerated. As a result, the suction roller 30 or the arrangement of the suction rollers 30 of the second Adhesion device 26 'under that by means of the first Adhesive device 26 applied to the holding device 22 Move item 14 and the second Raise item 14 without touching it between the objects 14 respectively the second adhesive device 26 'and the previously raised object 14 comes. It also says thereby an extended distance for acceleration the objects 14 in the transport direction 20 available because this acceleration route about the one raised between two in a row Existing transport gap is extended. The acceleration processes can thus in accordance with the explained braking of the Suction roll 30 or the arrangement of the Suction rolls 30 softer, more even and / or on the respective property of the objects 14 adapted become.

In Figure 14 is an example of an adhesive device 26 with only one articulated on a holding arm 66 Suction roll 30 a resilient arrangement of the Suction roller 30 illustrates. This example can of course on the other embodiments with two suction rollers 30 and / or at least a suction belt 72 are transmitted accordingly. Here, the holding arm 66 is around the stopping point 68 pivoted, being supported by a spring element 80 held in a predetermined position is. The spring element 80 is fixed to the frame on the one hand articulated and on the other hand with the holding arm 66 connected. The holding arm 66 is thus against the force of the spring element 80 both in and counter to the stroke direction 18 around the stop 68 pivotable. The spring element acts in the stroke direction 18 80 as compression spring and against the stroke direction 18 as tension spring. A deflection of the holding arm 66 against the stroke direction 18, may be a not shown Stop may be provided.

The arrangement of the spring element 80 ensures that that the object 14 one through the suction suction force applied via the holding device 22 the force of the spring element 80 opposed is. As a result, the object 14 pushed down to prevent it from closing is quickly sucked in by the holding device 22. Especially in the transition area of the formation 46 between the suction roller 30 and the holding device 22 is therefore a uniform leadership and thus smooth contact of the objects 14 on the holding device 22 supports. On the other hand, this will prevents a scaly Separating the objects 14, where these are overlap in the area of the stack 12, the lower one Item 14 due to excessive suction via the holding device 22 in touch contact arrives with the object 14 above.

Furthermore, lifting is effected by the spring element 80 supports the items 14. When approaching for the first time the suction roller 30 to the object to be lifted 14, the suction roller 30 due to the Suction power in the direction of the stack 12 object lying on the full surface. Here, the spring element 80 is biased as a tension spring. When subsequently lifting the object 14 is now the movement in the stroke direction 18th through the spring element 80, which returns to its rest position wants to get, supports. Overall works thus the spring element 80 as a compensating element both in and against the stroke direction 18. This will abrupt changes in direction Suction roll 30 both in and opposite the Stroke direction 18 avoided, so that a uniform Management of the items 14 is supported.

About the pivotally mounted bracket 66 can moreover at the same time a distance of the stack 12 to the holding device 22 can be detected. Exceeds the holding arm 66, for example, a predeterminable one Angle to which these are shifted must so that a suction roller 30 in system contact an upper object 14 can, via a control signal of the lifting table 16 generated thereby for a defined lifting of the entire stack 12 can be initiated.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show possible configurations the holding device 22 shown. Based on schematic perspective views it becomes clear that the adhesive belt section 42 from a variety individual sub-belt sections 82 exists. The overlapping ends of the partial adhesive belt sections 82 are preferably - according to FIG. 17 - each on common shafts 84 and / or axes stored. This arrangement ensures that the partial adhesive belt stretches 82 like a checkerboard Gap are arranged to each other. The partial belt straps 82 are here - not in FIG. 17 shown - which, for example, pneumatically or assigned magnetically acting adhesive devices. The axes of rotation 84 can be fixed, freely movable be stored or driven.

According to the embodiment shown in Figure 18 the partial adhesive belt sections 82 are each only a partial adhesive belt section 82 assigned axes of rotation 86 stored. As a result, the Degree of overlap of the partial adhesive belt sections 82 their adhesive surfaces assigned to the objects 14 enlarged and on the other one - still to be explained - Individually driven storage on the Axes of rotation 86 possible.

When explaining the embodiments previously assumed that the suction rolls 30 freely rotatable or braked are. According to further exemplary embodiments, provision can be made be that the suction roller 30 or the pair of suction rolls 30 and / or the additional one Suction belts 72 are drivably mounted. Hereby it becomes possible to rotate the suction rolls 50 30 compared to that caused by normal rolling to the object 14 resulting rotary movement 50 change. This can make the objects lift off 14 from the stack 12, especially the molding 46 can be influenced. For example, the suction roller 30 the object is additionally driven 14 faster off the stack 12 than by the resulting movement of the suction device Set 26 in transport direction 20 would. In addition to the better separation of the item 14 from the stack 12 can thereby the S-shaped formation 46 are influenced so that this is almost a bias in the direction of the holding device 22 receives (through the material properties the objects 14) so that an even application is supported on the holding device 22. In particular, it can be provided that the drive the suction roller 30 is adjustable. This is the Peripheral speed of rotation 50 during the lifting of the objects 14 from the stack 12 can be varied. For example, the different Progress in withdrawing items 14 Be influenced. The speed of rotation the suction roller 30 can, for example, with progressive Adhesive device movement 26 in Change transport direction 20, either enlarge or downsize. In addition to the path-dependent regulation the speed of rotation of the suction roller 30 can this Regulation also time-dependent according to the separation cycle the separating device 10. This can also be done according to the cycle the rotational speed during take off an object 14 changed, for example be increased or decreased. Overall, the different conditions can when lifting the objects 14 on the one hand at the beginning of the take-off and on the other hand at the transition in the acceleration phase in the direction of transport 20 are taken into account.

In addition to the possibility of driving the suction rollers 30 can at least one or all of the partial adhesive belt sections 82 can be driven. Corresponding one that can be coupled with the axes of rotation 84 or 86 The partial adhesive belt sections become the drive 82 in or opposite to the transport direction 20 set in motion. Hereby on the one hand, it becomes possible to use the holding device 22 adjacent objects in the direction of transport 20 to tighten. This is done, for example thereby, by only in the transport direction 20 at the front lying partial strap sections 82 or only in Transport direction 20 rear partial belt section 82 briefly against the direction of transport 20 driven or at least temporarily is acted upon by a drive torque. On the other hand, the driven partial adhesive belt sections 82 an advance of the objects 14 take place in the transport direction 20, so that for the Lifting device 24 the area near the stack edge 29 of the underlying object 14 becomes accessible. Furthermore, due to the drivability of the partial belt sections 82 the acceleration the applied to the holding device 22 Objects in the transport direction 20 supported or be taken over. This can, for example the adhesive device 26 faster in their Return to the next position Lifting object. According to a further variant can be provided both Suction rolls 30 as well as the partial adhesive belt sections 82 to drive independently. This can the speed of the suction rolls 30 as well Speed of the partial belt sections 82 during the lifting of an object 14 onto one another be coordinated. If applicable, are over a separate control unit certain dependencies the speed of the suction roll 30 as well of the partial strap sections 82 set so that these are in a certain relationship to each other to change. In addition to a rectified drive can also be an opposing drive be provided. For example, some of the Part-adhesive belt sections 82 against the transport direction 20 and other partial belt straps 82 are driven in the transport direction 20. All in all can be coordinated with the drives influence the guidance of the objects 14. In particular, their guided lifting and taut aligned contact with the holding device 22 can thus be favored.

At the desired speeds of the suction rolls 30 and / or the partial adhesive belt sections 82 exactly Being able to set the current speed the suction rollers 30 and / or the partial adhesive belt sections 82 (possibly individual or all of the partial belt sections 82) as the actual speed measured and at a target speed be compared. A possible deviation can be transmitted to a control unit as a controlled variable become.

In addition, according to another embodiment the pivoting movement of the holding arm Control 66 around the breakpoint 68. This is for example the holding arm 66 rotatably with a Breakpoint 68 arranged axis of rotation connected, the is drivable.

With such an arrangement, the holding arm 66 and thus the suction rollers arranged on the holding arm 66 30, if necessary additionally with the suction belt 72, can be pivoted in the stroke direction 18. This Swiveling of the holding arm 66 can on the one hand continuously during the lifting of the objects 14 take place so that the suction rollers 30 accordingly their progress in the direction of transport 20 closer to the trajectory 54 of the Adhesive device 26 approach so that after complete lifting of the objects 14 this straight be accelerated in the transport direction 20 can. Furthermore, through a continuous or gradually pivoting the holding arm 66 in stroke direction 18 during the lifting of the object 14 the course of the shaping 46 can be influenced, so that different material properties the items 14 can be received to a optimal lifting from the stack 12 and placing on the To ensure holding device 22. Of course can control the swivel movement of the holding arm 66 with the control of the rotational speed the suction rollers 30 and / or the controller the drive speed of the sub-belt sections 82 can be coordinated, so that overall a variety of influencing options the separation of the objects 14 result.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, provision can be made be the distance between the suction rollers 30 one Adhesion device 26, which together on a holding arm 66 are articulated during the movement of the adhesive device 26 to change in the transport direction 20, for example, to enlarge or reduce. This allows you to take off after taking off for the first time of the object 14 according to the selected distances the suction rollers 30 to each other on the guide, in particular on lifting off the stack 12 and the formation 46 can be influenced. The change the distance of the suction rollers 30 may preferably depending on the angle of attack of the Holding arms 66 take place in the stroke direction 18, so that the change in the inclination of the holding arm 66 with a change in distance of the suction rolls 30 superimposed becomes.

The possibilities described can in particular the objects 14 during their lifting specifically shaped (Forming 46) or pre-stressed be, so that there is an optimal separation sets. Prestressing the objects 14 is here, for example, between the suction roller 30 and the adhesive strap 42 and / or the suction lifter 28 and / or between a plurality of suction rollers 30 and / or the suction lifter 28 and / or the adhesive strap 42 possible.

Further control options for the separating device 10 result from a variable adjustable vacuum source, via which the adhesive device 26 and / or the holding device 22 with Suction air is supplied. By changing Suction air strength can vary on the one hand Material properties of different objects 14 and on the other hand to a different one Suction air requirement during the separation of the Items 14 can be influenced.

Finally, in a further embodiment be provided that the separating device 10 a central control is assigned in for example using a microprocessor matched to different items 14 Characteristic fields are stored, based on which one automatic control of the individual components the separating device 10 takes place. So can for example depending on different Starting materials, for example their thickness, their weight, size or other characteristics automatic adjustment of the movement sequences and individual parameters, such as regulation the suction air, regulation of the speed of rotation the suction rollers 30, control of the drive speed of sub-belt sections 82, regulation the angle of attack of the holding element 66, regulation the distance between two successive detention facilities 26, regulation of the distance between two suction rollers 30 an adhesive device 26 and so on. In this respect, separation is thus simple the objects 14 with high accuracy and greatest effectiveness and greatest possible separation speed possible.

Claims (61)

Method for separating flexible flat objects, in particular paper, cardboard, metal sheets or the like, the objects being separated from a stack upwards by lifting them individually and transporting them laterally above the stack, characterized in that the lifting movement and the transport movement of the Objects are carried out by at least one adhesive device which can be displaced relative to the objects, which is brought into contact with the objects and is then guided over the objects in the transport direction. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the objects are lifted starting from an area lying at the rear in the transport direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device is brought into contact with the objects on or in the vicinity of a stacking edge running transversely to the transport direction of the objects. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting movement and the transport movement are carried out independently of one another. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the transport movement starts after the lifting movement has been completed. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the transport movement starts during the lifting movement. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are subjected to shaping at least during the lifting movement. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are continuously lifted from the stack. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting movement and / or the transport movement is carried out at a variable speed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are lifted by the adhesive device and accelerated to be transported away. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are initially only partially lifted and the raised area is moved in the transport direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are first raised to an intermediate position. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are displaced at least in regions in the transport direction during their lifting movement. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two objects are lifted simultaneously at different times. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are pretensioned during the lifting. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of the objects is changed in the lifting direction and / or transport direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of the objects can be regulated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of the objects is set as a function of specific properties of the objects to be separated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the objects are accelerated in the transport direction by a holding device. Device for separating flexible flat objects, in particular paper, cardboard, metal sheets and the like, from the top of a stack, with at least one lifting device that can be brought into contact with an overhead object of the stack and a holding device arranged above the stack that detects the object in the raised position , characterized by at least one adhesive device (26) which can be brought into active contact with the objects (14) and can be displaced relative to the holding device (22) and to the objects (14). Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be brought into active contact with a stacking edge (29) running transversely to the transport direction (20) of the objects (14). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be displaced in the transport direction (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be displaced in the lifting direction (18). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) comprises at least one suction roller (30) which can be brought into contact with the object (14). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is freely rotatable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is braked. Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the suction roller (30) can be braked by means of a static braking device. Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the suction roller (30) can be braked by means of a dynamic braking device. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is drivably mounted. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be displaced in the transport direction (20) at a variable speed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) has a plurality of suction rollers (30) arranged parallel to the transport direction (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be displaced at least up to an edge of the stack (12) lying at the front in the transport direction (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be displaced beyond the front edge of the stack (12). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) can be brought into its starting position on a movement path (52) which deviates from a movement path (54) which is carried out during the active operation of the adhesion device (26). Apparatus according to claim 34 , characterized in that the movement path (54) lies below the holding device (22). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two adhesive devices (26) are provided which can be successively displaced along the movement paths (52, 54). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive devices (26) can be displaced independently of one another along the movement paths (52, 54). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance between the adhesive devices (26) can be changed during the separation of the objects (14). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between two successive adhesive devices (26) is less than a length - in the transport direction (20) - of the objects (14) to be separated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is pivoted in the lifting direction (18). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is resiliently suspended in the stroke direction (18) and / or counter to the stroke direction (18). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction roller (30) is arranged on a swivel arm (66) which can be moved in the lifting direction (18) against the force of a spring element (80). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) is simultaneously designed as a lifting device (24). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive device (26) comprises two suction rollers (30) arranged at a distance from one another, the axes of rotation (34) of which lie parallel to one another. Device according to claim 44, characterized in that a distance between the suction rollers (30) can be changed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction rollers (30) are articulated on a holding arm (66) which can be pivoted in the lifting direction (18) and displaceable in the transport direction (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an angle of inclination of the holding arm (66) can be changed while the objects (14) are being separated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a guide device is assigned to the suction rollers (30). Apparatus according to claim 48, characterized in that the guide device is a guide plate (74) which is arranged between the suction rollers (30) and extends in and transversely to the transport direction (20). Apparatus according to claim 49, characterized in that the guide plate (74) is flat and / or curved. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction rollers (30) are spanned by a suction belt (72). Device according to Claim 51, characterized in that the suction rollers (30) are designed as rollers for the suction belt (72). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (22) is formed by an adhesive belt section (42) with at least one adhesive belt (44). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one adhesive belt (44) can be driven. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive belt section (42) comprises a plurality of partial adhesive belt sections (82). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial adhesive belt sections (82) can be driven together or individually. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial adhesive belt sections (82) can be driven in and / or opposite to the transport direction (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating device (10) comprises a central control, by means of which the device (10) can be operated as a function of at least one control or regulation variable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control system can be given characteristic fields which allow the device (10) to be set as a function of properties of objects (14) to be separated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vacuum source which supplies the holding device (22) and / or the adhesive device (26) can be variably adjusted. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stack height of the stack (12) can be determined via the at least one adhesive device (26) and a control signal for actuating a lifting table (16) receiving the stack (12) can be generated.

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