EP0914380A2 - Elements d'amenagement interieur pour vehicules sur rails - Google Patents

Elements d'amenagement interieur pour vehicules sur rails

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Publication number
EP0914380A2
EP0914380A2 EP97940024A EP97940024A EP0914380A2 EP 0914380 A2 EP0914380 A2 EP 0914380A2 EP 97940024 A EP97940024 A EP 97940024A EP 97940024 A EP97940024 A EP 97940024A EP 0914380 A2 EP0914380 A2 EP 0914380A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
weight
graft
interior
use according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97940024A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Naarmann
Graham Edmund Mckee
Alfred Pirker
Hans-Josef Sterzel
Franz Brandstetter
Bernd-Steffen Von Bernstorff
Bernhard Rosenau
Ulrich Endemann
Burkhard Straube
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0914380A2 publication Critical patent/EP0914380A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/18—Internal lining, e.g. insulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
    • C08F265/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F283/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/003—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to interior fittings for rail vehicles.
  • the invention relates to interior fittings which have a hard, scratch-resistant surface with high color stability, show good chemical resistance, are stable and meet the safety requirements required in this area of application.
  • thermosetting materials such as UP (unsaturated polyester) resin molding compounds and SMC molding compounds (sheet molding compounds) are used. These materials are suitable for flat parts that can be manufactured by pressing. The production of more complex moldings is restricted.
  • Thermoplastics based on polyamides with or without fire protection equipment are also used.
  • Polyamides show high processing shrinkage. In addition, they show a high water absorption under change in strain.
  • PC / ABS polycarbonate / acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene
  • PC / ABS polycarbonate / acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene
  • polypropylene compounds are also used for injection molding or as semi-finished GMT products with fire protection equipment based on intumescent mixtures such as aluminum hydroxide. However, these materials show an inadequate surface quality, such as a greasy grip and low scratch resistance.
  • the thermoplastic polypropylenes also have a relatively low toughness and rigidity.
  • An object of the invention is to provide interior components for rail vehicles which have a high scratch resistance combined with good chemical resistance, as well as good dimensional stability, good heat resistance and very good yellowing resistance.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide interior fittings for rail vehicles that avoid the disadvantages of the materials previously used.
  • thermoplastic molding composition different from ABS comprising, based on the sum of the amounts of components A, B, C and D, which gives a total of 100% by weight
  • component B 1 to 58% by weight of at least one amorphous or partially crystalline polymer as component B,
  • c 40 to 97% by weight of polycarbonates, as component C.
  • d 1 to 30% by weight of at least one phosphoric acid ester of mono- or polyhydric phenols as component D.
  • component F 0 to 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof as component F.
  • the interior fittings described for rail vehicles are scratch-resistant, stable and resistant to chemicals and have a very good dimensional stability. They also meet the high safety requirements that are set in this area, particularly with regard to behavior in the event of a fire, for example reproduced in the UTAC specification ST 18-502 / 1 or DIN 5510.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention are known per se.
  • DE-A-12 60 135, DE-C-19 11 882, DE-A-28 26 925, DE-A-31 49 358, DE-A-32 27 555 and DE-A-40 11 162 Molding compositions which can be used according to the invention are described.
  • the molding compositions other than ABS used to manufacture the interior fittings according to the invention contain the components A, B, C and D and, if appropriate, E and / or F, as defined below. They contain, based on the sum of the amounts of components A, B, C and D, which gives a total of 100% by weight, a: 1 to 58% by weight, preferably 1 to 29% by weight, in particular 2 to 18% by weight, of a particulate emulsion polymer having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. and an average particle size of 50 to 1000 nm, preferably 50 to 500 nm, as component A
  • b 1 to 58% by weight, preferably 1 to 29% by weight, in particular 2 to 18% by weight, of at least one amorphous or partially crystalline polymer as component B,
  • c 40 to 97% by weight, preferably 70 to 94% by weight, polycarbonates as component C.
  • d 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 4 to 20% by weight, in particular 7 to 15% by weight. %, at least one phosphoric acid ester of mono- or polyhydric phenols, as component D.
  • component F 0 to 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof as component F.
  • Component A is a particulate emulsion polymer with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C and an average particle size of 50-1000 nm.
  • Component A is preferably a graft copolymer
  • a2 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45% by weight, in particular 35-45% by weight, of a graft A2 composed of the monomers, based on A2,
  • a22 up to 60% by weight, preferably 15-35% by weight, of units of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular acrylonitrile as a component
  • the graft pad A2 consists of at least one graft shell, the graft copolymer A overall having an average particle size of 50-1000 nm.
  • component AI consists of the monomers
  • al2 0.01-20% by weight, preferably 0.1-5.0% by weight, of at least one polyfunctional crosslinking monomer, preferably diallyl phthalate and / or DCPA as component A12.
  • the average particle size of component A is 50-800 nm, preferably 50-600 nm.
  • the particle size distribution of component A is bimodal, 60-90% by weight having an average particle size of 50-200 nm and 10-40% by weight having an average particle size of 50-400 nm, based on the Total weight of component A.
  • the sizes determined from the integral mass distribution are given as the average particle size or particle size distribution.
  • the mean particle sizes according to the invention are in all cases the weight average of the particle sizes, as determined by means of an analytical ultracentrifuge according to the method of W. Scholtan and H. Lange, Kolloid-Z. and Z.-Polymer 5Q (1972), pages 782-796.
  • the ultracentrifuge measurement provides the integral mass distribution of the particle diameter of a sample. From this it can be seen what percentage by weight of the particles have a diameter equal to or smaller than a certain size.
  • the average particle diameter, which is also called d 50 value of the integral mass distribution is defined as the particle diameter at which 50% by weight of the particles have a smaller diameter than the diameter which corresponds to the d5 0 value.
  • the particles then have a larger diameter than the d 50 value.
  • the d 10 and d Q values resulting from the integral mass distribution are used to characterize the width of the particle size distribution of the rubber particles.
  • the d I0 or d ⁇ value of the integral mass distribution is defined in accordance with the d 50 value with the difference that they are based on 10 or 90% by weight of the particles. The quotient
  • Emulsion polymers A which can be used according to the invention as component A preferably have Q values less than 0.5, in particular less than 0.35.
  • the glass transition temperature of the emulsion polymer A and also of the other components used according to the invention is determined by means of DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) according to ASTM 3418 (mid point temperature).
  • emulsion polymer A such as epichlorohydrin rubbers, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubbers, polyethylene chlorosulfone rubbers, silicone rubbers, polyether rubbers, hydrogenated diene rubbers, ethylene rubbers, ethylene rubbers, polyalkenate rubbers, polyalkename rubbers, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Acrylate rubber, ethylene-propylene (EP) rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber, in particular acrylate rubber, are preferably used.
  • the diene basic building block content in the emulsion polymer A is kept so low that as few unreacted double bonds remain in the polymer. According to one embodiment, there are no basic diene building blocks in the emulsion polymer A.
  • the acrylic rubbers are preferably alkyl acrylate rubbers made from one or more C 1-6 alkyl acrylates, preferably C 4 . 8 -alkyl acrylates, preferably at least partially butyl, hexyl, octyl or 2-eulylhexyl acrylate, in particular n-butyl and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
  • These alkyl acrylate rubbers can contain up to 30% by weight polymer monomers which form hard polymers, such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate or vinyl ether.
  • the acrylate rubbers further contain 0.01-20% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight, of cross-linking polyfunctional monomers (crosslinking monomers).
  • crosslinking monomers are monomers which contain 2 or more double bonds which are capable of copolymerization and which are preferably not conjugated in the 1,3 positions.
  • Suitable crosslinking monomers are, for example, divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, tricyclodecenyl acrylate, dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate, triallyl phosphate, allyl acrylate.
  • Dicyclopentadienyl acrylate (DCPA) has proven to be a particularly favorable crosslinking monomer (cf. DE-C-12 60 135).
  • Suitable silicone rubbers can be, for example, crosslinked silicone rubbers composed of units of the general formulas R 2 SiO, RSiO 3 2 , R 3 SiO 1/2 and SiO 2 4 , the radical R representing a monovalent radical.
  • the amount of the individual siloxane units is such that 0 to 10 mol units of the formula RSiO 3/2 , 0 to 1.5 mol units R 3 SiO 1/2 and 0 to 3 per 100 units of the formula R 2 SiO Mol units of SiO 2/4 are present.
  • R can be either a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the phenyl radical or the alkoxy radical or a radical which is easily attackable by free radicals, such as the vinyl or mercaptopropyl radical. It is preferred that at least 80% of all R groups are methyl groups; combinations of methyl and ethyl or phenyl radicals are particularly preferred.
  • Preferred silicone rubbers contain built-in units of groups which can be attacked by free radicals, in particular vinyl, allyl, halogen, mercapto groups, preferably in amounts of 2-10 mol%, based on all radicals R. They can be prepared, for example, as in EP-A -0 260 558.
  • an emulsion polymer A made from uncrosslinked polymer All of the monomers mentioned above can be used as monomers for the production of these polymers.
  • Preferred uncrosslinked emulsion polymers A are e.g. B. Homo- and copolymers of acrylic acid esters, especially n-butyl and ethyl hexyl acrylate, as well as homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, and also poly (organosiloxanes), all with the proviso that they may be linear or branched.
  • the emulsion polymer A can also be a multi-stage polymer (so-called “core / shell structure", “core-shell morphology”).
  • core / shell structure a multi-stage polymer
  • core-shell morphology a rubber-elastic core (T. ⁇ 0 ° C) can be encased by a “hard” shell (polymers with T g > 0 ° C) or vice versa.
  • component A is a graft copolymer.
  • the graft copolymers A of the molding compositions according to the invention have an average particle size d 50 of 50-1000 nm, preferably 50-600 nm and particularly preferably 50-400 nm. These particle sizes can be achieved if, as the graft base AI of this component A, particle sizes of 50-350 nm, preferably from 50-300 nm and particularly preferably from 50-250 nm.
  • the graft copolymer A is generally one or more stages, i.e. a polymer composed of a core and one or more shells.
  • the polymer consists of a basic stage (graft core) Al and one or - preferably - several stages A2 grafted thereon, the so-called graft stages or graft shells.
  • One or more graft shells can be applied to the rubber particles by simple grafting or multiple step-wise grafting, each graft sheath having a different composition.
  • polyfunctional crosslinking or reactive group-containing monomers can also be grafted onto the grafting monomers (see, for example, EP-A-0 230 282, DE-A-36 01 419, EP-A-0 269 861).
  • component A consists of a multi-stage graft copolymer, the graft stages being generally made from resin-forming monomers and having a glass transition temperature T g above 30 ° C., preferably above 50 ° C.
  • the multi-stage structure serves, among other things, to achieve (partial) compatibility of the rubber particles A with the thermoplastic B.
  • Graft copolymers A are prepared, for example, by grafting at least one of the monomers A2 listed below onto at least one of the graft bases or graft core materials Al listed above. All polymers described above under emulsion polymers A are suitable as graft bases AI of the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the graft base AI is composed of 15-99% by weight of acrylate rubber, 0.1-5% by weight of crosslinking agent and 0-49.9% by weight of one of the further monomers or rubbers indicated.
  • Suitable monomers for forming the graft A2 can be selected, for example, from the monomers listed below and their mixtures:
  • Vinylaromatic monomers such as styrene and its substituted derivatives, such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, 3,4-dimethylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, o- and p-divinylbenzene and p-methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene or C j - Cg-Al- alkyl (meth) acrylic such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, s-butyl acrylate; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene, and eulylenically unsaturated monomers, such as acrylic and methacrylic compounds, such as acrylonitrile, methacrylon
  • styrene vinyl, acrylic or methacrylic compounds (for example styrene, optionally substituted with C ⁇ - alkyl radicals, halogen atoms, halogenmethylene radicals; vinylnaphthalene, vinylcarbazole; vinyl ether with C ⁇ - ether radicals; vinylimidazole , 3- (4-) vinyl pyridine, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, p-dimethylaminostyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate, ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as well as fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid or their anhydrides, amides, nitriles or esters 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably alcohols containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms) can be used.
  • styrene vinyl, acrylic or methacrylic
  • component A comprises 50-90% by weight of the above-described graft base AI and 10-50% by weight of the above-described graft base A2, based on the total weight of component A.
  • crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers with a glass transition temperature serve as the graft base A1 below 0 ° C.
  • the crosslinked acrylic ester polymers should preferably have a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C., in particular below -30 ° C.
  • the graft A2 consists of at least one graft shell and the outermost graft shell thereof has a glass transition temperature of more than 30 ° C, a polymer formed from the monomers of the graft A2 would have a glass transition temperature of more than 80 ° C.
  • the graft copolymers A can also be prepared by grafting pre-formed polymers onto suitable graft homopolymers. Examples of this are the reaction products of copolymers containing maleic anhydride or acid groups with base-containing rubbers.
  • Suitable preparation processes for graft copolymers A are emulsion, solution, bulk or suspension polymerization.
  • the graft copolymers A are preferably prepared by radical emulsion polymerization, in particular in the presence of latices of component AI at temperatures from 20 ° C. to 90 ° C. using water-soluble or oil-soluble initiators such as peroxodisulfate or benzyl peroxide, or with the aid of redox initiators. Redox initiators are also suitable for polymerization below 20 ° C.
  • Suitable emulsion polymerization processes are described in DE-A-28 26 925, 31 49 358 and in DE-C-12 60 135.
  • the graft casings are preferably constructed in the emulsion polymerization process, as described in DE-A-32 27 555, 31 49 357, 31 49 358, 34 14 118.
  • the defined particle sizes of 50-1000 nm according to the invention are preferably carried out after the processes that are described in DE-C-12 60 135 and DE-A-28 26 925, or Applied Polymer Science, Volume 9 (1965), page 2929.
  • the use of polymers with different particle sizes is known, for example, from DE-A-28 26 925 and US 5,196,480.
  • the graft base A1 is first prepared by adding the acrylic acid ester or esters used according to one embodiment of the invention and the polyfunctional monomers which bring about crosslinking, if appropriate together with the other comonomers, in an aqueous emulsion in a conventional manner at temperatures between 20 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 80 ° C, polymerized.
  • the usual emulsifiers such as alkali salts of alkyl or alkylarylsulfonic acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol sulfonates, salts of higher fatty acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms or resin soaps can be used.
  • the sodium salts of alkyl sulfonates or fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms are preferably used.
  • the emulsifiers are used in amounts of 0.5-5% by weight, in particular 1-2% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the graft base AI.
  • the weight ratio of water to monomers is from 2: 1 to 0.7: 1.
  • the usual persulfates, such as potassium persulfate, are used in particular as polymerization initiators. However, redox systems can also be used.
  • the initiators are generally used in amounts of 0.1-1% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the graft base AI.
  • buffer substances can be used as further polymerization auxiliaries which pH values of preferably 6-9 are set, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium pyrophosphate, and 0-3% by weight of a molecular weight regulator, such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene, are used in the polymerization.
  • a molecular weight regulator such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene
  • the exact polymerization conditions in particular the type, dosage and amount of the emulsifier, are determined in detail within the ranges given above such that the latex of the crosslinked acrylic ester polymer obtained ad 50 value in the range from about 50-1000 nm, preferably 50-150 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 80-100 nm.
  • the particle size distribution of the latex should preferably be narrow. The quotient
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile is then polymerized in a next step in the presence of the latex of the crosslinked acrylic ester polymer thus obtained, the weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile in the monomer mixture according to one embodiment of the invention in the range from 100: 0 to 40:60, preferably in the range from 65: 35 to 85: 15. It is advantageous to carry out this graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on the crosslinked polyacrylic ester polymer used as the graft base again in an aqueous emulsion under the customary conditions described above.
  • the graft copolymerization can expediently take place in the same system as the emulsion polymerization for the preparation of the graft base AI, wherein, if necessary, further emulsifier and initiator can be added.
  • the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile to be grafted on according to one embodiment of the invention can be added to the reaction mixture all at once, batchwise in several stages or preferably continuously during the polymerization.
  • the graft copolymerization of the mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of the crosslinking acrylic ester polymer is carried out in such a way that a degree of grafting of 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45% by weight, in particular 35-45% by weight, based on the Total weight of component A, resulting in graft copolymer A. Since the graft yield in the graft copolymerization is not 100%, a somewhat larger amount of the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile must be used in the graft copolymerization than corresponds to the desired degree of grafting.
  • the control of the graft yield in the graft copolymerization and thus the degree of grafting of the finished graft copolymer A is known to the person skilled in the art and can be carried out, for example, by the metering rate of the monomers or by adding a regulator (Chauvel, Daniel, ACS Polymer Preprints 15 (1974), page 329 ff .).
  • the emulsion graft copolymerization generally gives rise to about 5 to 15% by weight, based on the graft copolymer, of free, non-grafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer.
  • the proportion of the graft copolymer A in the polymerization product obtained in the graft copolymerization is determined by the method given above.
  • graft copolymers A In the preparation of the graft copolymers A by the emulsion process, in addition to the process-related advantages which are given, reproducible changes in particle size are also possible, for example by at least partially agglomerating the particles into larger particles. This means that polymers with different particle sizes can also be present in the graft copolymers A.
  • Component A in particular, consisting of the graft base and graft shell (s) can be optimally adapted for the particular application, in particular with regard to the particle size.
  • the graft copolymers A generally contain 1-99% by weight, preferably 55-80 and particularly preferably 55-65% by weight of graft base AI and 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45, particularly preferably 35-45% by weight .-% of the graft A2, each based on the entire graft copolymer.
  • Component B is an amorphous or partially crystalline polymer.
  • Component B is preferably a copolymer of
  • bl 40-100% by weight, preferably 60-70% by weight, of units of a vinyl aromatic monomer, preferably styrene, a substituted styrene or a (meth) acrylic acid ester or mixtures thereof, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -Methylstyrene, as component Bl
  • b2 up to 60% by weight, preferably 30-40% by weight, of units of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably of acrylonitrile or
  • Methacrylonitrile in particular acrylonitrile as component B2.
  • the viscosity number of component B is 50-90, preferably 60-80.
  • the amorphous or partially crystalline polymers of component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention are preferably composed of at least one polymer from partially crystalline polyamides, partially aromatic copolyamides, polyolefins, ionomers, polyesters, polyether ketones, polyoxyalkylenes, polyarylene sulfides and polymers from vinyl aromatic monomers and / or selected ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Polymer mixtures can also be used.
  • Part B crystalline, preferably linear polyamides such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polyamide 4,6, polyamide 6,12 and partially crystalline copolyamides based on these components are suitable as component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for the production of the interior fittings according to the invention.
  • Partly crystalline polyamides can also be used, the acid component of which consists wholly or partly of adipic acid and / or terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid and / or suberic acid and / or sebacic acid and / or azelaic acid and / or dodecanedicarboxylic acid and / or a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and whose diamine component wholly or partly consists in particular of m- and / or p-xylylenediamine and / or hexamethylenediamine and / or 2,2,4- and / or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine and / or isophoronediamine, and their compositions are known in principle from the prior art (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymers, Vol. 11, p. 315 ff.).
  • polymers further suitable as component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the interior fittings according to the invention are partially crystalline polyolefins, preferably homo- and copolymers of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, heptene-1, 3 -Methylbutene-1, 4-methylbutene-1, 4-methylpentene-1 and octene-1.
  • Suitable polyolefins are polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 or Poiy-4-methylpentene-l. In general, a distinction is made between polyethylene (PE) and high-density PE (HDPE), low-density PE (LDPE) and linear-low-density PE (LLDPE).
  • component B is an ionomer.
  • These are generally polyolefins as described above, in particular polyethylene, which contain monomers co-condensed with acid groups, e.g. B. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and optionally other copolymerizable monomers.
  • the acid groups are generally converted with the aid of metal ions such as Na + , Ca 2 + , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ into ionic, possibly ionically cross-linked polyolefins, which can however still be processed thermoplastically (see, for example, US 3,264,272; 3,404,134; 3,355,319; 4,321,337).
  • polyolefins containing acid groups by means of metal ions.
  • polyolefins containing free acid groups which then generally have a rubber-like character and in some cases also contain further copolymerizable monomers, e.g. B. (meth) acrylates are suitable as component B according to the invention.
  • component B can also be polyester, preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyester preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyalkylene terephthalates e.g. B. based on ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-bis-hydroxymethyl-cyclohexane, and polyalkylene naphthalates.
  • Aromatic polyether ketones such as those used for. B. are described in GB 1 078 234, US 4,010,147, EP-A-0 135 938, EP-A-0 292 211, EP-A-0 275 035, EA-0 270 998, EP-A-0 165 406, and in the publication by CK Sham et. al., Polymer 29 6: 1016-1020 (1988).
  • component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the interior fittings according to the invention polyoxyalkylenes, for. B. polyoxymethylene, and oxymethylene polymers can be used.
  • suitable components B are the polyarylene sulfides, in particular the polyphenylene sulfide.
  • it is composed of 50-99% by weight of vinyl aromatic monomers and 1-50% by weight of at least one of the other specified monomers.
  • Component B is preferably an amorphous polymer, as described above as graft A2.
  • a copolymer of styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with acrylonitrile is used as component B.
  • the acrylonitrile content in these copolymers of component B is 0-60% by weight, preferably 30-40% by weight, based on the total weight of component B.
  • Component B also includes those used in the graft copolymerization to prepare the component A free, non-grafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymers formed.
  • component B has already been formed in the graft copolymerization. In general, however, it will be necessary to mix the products obtained in the graft copolymerization with additional, separately prepared component B.
  • This additional, separately produced component B can preferably be a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer, an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer or an ⁇ -methylstyrene / styrene / acrylonitrile terpolymer. act merisat.
  • These copolymers can be used individually or as a mixture for component B, so that the additional, separately prepared component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention is, for example, a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -methylstyrene / Acrylonitrile copolymer can act.
  • component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention consists of a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer
  • the acrylonitrile content of the two copolymers should preferably be by more than 10% by weight. %, preferably not more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer, differ from one another.
  • Component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention can, however, also consist of only a single styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer if, in the graft copolymerizations for the production of component A and also in the production of the additional, separately produced component B, the same monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile is assumed.
  • the additional, separately manufactured component B can be obtained by the conventional methods.
  • the copolymerization of the styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with the acrylonitrile can be carried out in bulk, solution, suspension or aqueous emulsion.
  • Component B preferably has a viscosity number of 40 to 100, preferably 50 to 90, in particular 60 to 80. The viscosity number is determined in accordance with DIN 53 726, 0.5 g of material being dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide.
  • Suitable polycarbonates C are known per se. They preferably have a molecular weight (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation Chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) in the range from 10,000 to 60,000 g / mol. They can be obtained, for example, in accordance with the processes of DE-B-1 300 266 by interfacial polycondensation or in accordance with the process of DE-A-1 495 730 by reacting diphenyl carbonate with bisphenols.
  • Preferred bisphenol is 2,2-di (4-hydroxypheny propane), generally - as also hereinafter - referred to as bisphenol A.
  • aromatic dihydroxy compounds can also be used, in particular 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsu-fan, 4,4'-hydroxydiphenyl ether , 4,4'-Dilydroxydiphenylsulfit, 4,4'-Di - ydroxydiphenylmethan, l, l-Di- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4-Dihydroxydiphenyl or Dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, preferably Dihydroxydiphenylcyclohexane or Dihydroxylcyclopentane, in particular l, l -Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and mixtures of the aforementioned dihydroxy compounds.
  • 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene
  • Particularly preferred polycarbonates are those based on bisphenol A or bisphenol A together with up to 80 mol% of the aromatic dihydroxy compounds mentioned above.
  • Copolycarbonates according to US Pat. No. 3,737,409 can also be used; Of particular interest are copolycarbonates based on bisphenol A and di (3,5-dimemyl-dihydroxyphenyl) sulfone, which are characterized by a high heat resistance. It is also possible to use mixtures of different polycarbonates.
  • the average molecular weights (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) of the polycarbonates C are in the range from 10,000 to 64,000 g / mol. They are preferably in the range from 15,000 to 63,000, in particular in the range from 15,000 to 60,000 g / mol. This means that the polycarbonates C have relative solution viscosities in the range from 1.1 to 1.3, measured in 0.5% strength by weight solution in dichloromethane at 25 ° C., preferably from 1.15 to 1.33, to have.
  • the relative solution viscosities of the polycarbonates used preferably differ by no more than 0.05, in particular no more than 0.04.
  • the polycarbonates C can be used both as regrind and in granular form. They are present as component C in amounts of 40-98% by weight, preferably 70-94% by weight, in each case based on the total molding composition.
  • polycarbonates leads, inter alia, to higher thermal stability and improved crack resistance of the molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the flat wall elements according to the invention.
  • Components A, B, C, D and optionally E, F can be mixed in any desired manner by all known methods. If components A and B have been prepared, for example, by emulsion polymerization, it is possible to mix the polymer dispersions obtained with one another, to precipitate the polymers together thereupon and to work up the polymer mixture. However, components A, B and C are preferably mixed by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution or aqueous dispersion obtained in the polymerization. The products of the graft copolymerization (component A) obtained in aqueous dispersion can also only be partially dewatered and as a moist crumb with component B. are mixed, the complete drying of the graft copolymers then taking place during the mixing.
  • the preferred thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention contain 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 4 to 20% by weight, in particular 7 to 15% by weight, of at least one phosphoric acid ester of mono- or polyhydric phenols.
  • Triphenyl phosphate (TPPA) or trisnonylphenyl phosphite (TNPP) is preferably used.
  • Resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate) (RDP) is also preferably used.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention contain, in addition to components A, B, C and D, the additional components E and F and, if appropriate, further additives, as described below.
  • the preferred thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention contain 0-5% by weight, preferably 0.1-3% by weight, in particular 0.2-1% by weight, of at least one fluoropolymer.
  • Suitable compounds are olefinic polymers in which 50 to 100%, preferably about 100%, of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine atoms.
  • the preferred compound is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is used in particular in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the preferred thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention contain 0 to 50% by weight, preferably 0 to 40% by weight, in particular 0 to 30% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof based on the total molding compound. These are preferably commercially available products.
  • Reinforcing agents such as carbon fibers and glass fibers are usually used in amounts of 5-50% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
  • the glass fibers used can be made of E, A or C glass and are preferably equipped with a size and an adhesion promoter. Their diameter is generally between 6 and 20 ⁇ m. Both continuous fibers (rovings) and chopped glass fibers (staples) with a length of 1-10 ⁇ m, preferably 3-6 ⁇ m, can be used.
  • fillers or reinforcing materials such as glass balls, mineral fibers, whiskers, aluminum oxide fibers, mica, quartz powder and wool astonite can be added.
  • metal flakes e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal powder e.g. aluminum powder, metal fibers, metal-coated fillers, for. B. nickel-coated glass fibers and other additives that shield electromagnetic waves
  • metal flakes e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal powder e.g. aluminum powder, metal fibers, metal-coated fillers, for. B. nickel-coated glass fibers and other additives that shield electromagnetic waves
  • metal flakes e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal powder e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal fibers e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal-coated fillers for. B. nickel-coated glass fibers and other additives that shield electromagnetic waves
  • EMI purposes electro-magnetic interference
  • the masses can also sen with additional carbon fibers, carbon black, in particular conductivity carbon black, or nickel-coated carbon fibers.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the interior fittings according to the invention may also contain further additives which are typical and customary for polycarbonates, SAN polymers and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • additives are: dyes, pigments, colorants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, stabilizers for improving the thermostability, for increasing the light stability, for increasing the hydrolysis resistance and the chemical resistance, agents against heat decomposition and in particular the lubricants / Lubricants that are useful for the production of moldings or moldings.
  • These additional additives can be metered in at any stage of the production process, but preferably at an early point in time, in order to take advantage of the stabilizing effects (or other special effects) of the additive at an early stage.
  • Heat stabilizers or oxidation retardants are usually metal halides (chlorides, bromides, iodides) which are derived from metals of group I of the periodic table of the elements (such as Li, Na, K, Cu).
  • Suitable stabilizers are the usual hindered phenols, but also vitamin E or compounds with an analog structure.
  • HALS stabilizers Hindeud Amine Light Stabilizers
  • benzophenones benzophenones
  • resorcinols salicylates
  • benzotriazoles are also suitable (for example, Irangox * .
  • Tinuvin * Such as Tinuvin * 770 (HALS absorber, bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebazate) or Tinuvin * P (UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol), topanol *). These are usually used in amounts of up to 2% by weight (based on the total mixture).
  • Suitable lubricants and mold release agents are stearic acids, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid esters or generally higher fatty acids, their derivatives and corresponding fatty acid mixtures with 12-30 carbon atoms.
  • the amounts of these additives are in the range of 0.05-1% by weight.
  • Silicone oils, oligomeric isobutylene or similar substances are also suitable as additives, the usual amounts being 0.05-5% by weight.
  • Pigments, dyes, color brighteners such as ultramarine blue, phthalocyanines, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfides, derivatives of perylene tetracarboxylic acid can also be used.
  • Processing aids and stabilizers such as UV stabilizers, lubricants and antistatic agents are usually used in amounts of 0.01-5% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the interior fittings according to the invention can be produced by methods known per se by mixing the components. It can be advantageous to premix individual components. Mixing the components in solution and removing the solvents is also possible.
  • Suitable organic solvents are, for example, chlorobenzene, mixtures of chlorobenzene and methylene chloride or mixtures of chlorobenzene or aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. B. toluene.
  • the solvent mixtures can be evaporated, for example, in evaporation extruders.
  • Mixing the z. B. dry components can be done by all known methods. However, the mixing is preferably carried out by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, preferably at temperatures of 180-400 ° C., the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution obtained in the polymerization or from the aqueous dispersion.
  • the components can be metered in together or separately one after the other.
  • the interior fittings and fastening parts according to the invention can be produced from the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the known methods of thermoplastic processing.
  • the production can be carried out by thermoforming, extrusion, injection molding, calendering, blow molding, pressing, press sintering, deep drawing or sintering.
  • the interior components for rail vehicles are used for the interior or interior of rail vehicles for passenger transportation.
  • rail vehicles can be any rail vehicles that run on one, two or more rail tracks.
  • rail vehicles for passenger transportation are, for example, railways for local and long-distance traffic, subways, S-Bahn trains, light rail vehicles, trams.
  • the interior fittings according to the invention can also be used, for example, for cable cars to which similar requirements, in particular fire protection requirements apply.
  • the interior fittings are interior linings. These are, for example, wall and ceiling cladding, as well as floor cladding and panels with which the interior of the rail vehicles is lined.
  • the interior fittings are seat shells, armrests or other structural elements of seats or benches.
  • the molding compositions according to the invention can also be used for tables, shelves, wardrobes, shelves, luggage racks.
  • the interior fittings are partitions or doors, room dividers, privacy screens, or other elements for structuring the interior.
  • the interior fittings are smaller structural elements such as handles, handrails, railings, locks and fastening parts for the interior fittings.
  • the interior fittings are luggage compartments or lockers that are provided in the rail vehicles.
  • the interior fittings are stairs, steps or shoulders which consist of or are covered with the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the interior fittings are sanitary facilities, such as toilets, showers, wash basins and parts thereof.
  • Sanitary equipment pieces, taps, shower taps etc. can also be formed from the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention are made from the thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the interior fittings are those for bistro and dining cars.
  • Corresponding supply devices consist of the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the interior fittings according to the invention can be connected on one side to a macroscopic fill, preferably a foamed polymer, the surfaces being at least partially covered with a thermoplastic molding composition.
  • a macroscopic fill preferably a foamed polymer
  • a sandwich construction is also possible, in which a macroscopic filler, preferably made of foamed polymer, lies between two layers of thermoplastic molding compounds.
  • the interior fittings according to the invention which can be produced from the thermoplastic molding compositions described are scratch-resistant, stable and resistant to chemicals and have very good dimensional stability. They also have a low density and therefore a low weight.
  • the interior fittings are very heat-resistant and resistant to lasting heat. By adding the polycarbonate as component C, the heat resistance and impact resistance of the interior fittings are very good. These flat wall elements also have a balanced ratio of toughness and rigidity and good dimensional stability as well as excellent resistance to heat aging and high resistance to yellowing under thermal stress and exposure to UV radiation, due to the fact that they are equipped with one or more phosphoric acid esters, and preferably at least one fluoropolymer.
  • the interior fittings according to the invention have very good fire protection equipment. They meet the UTAC specification ST 18-502 / 1 and DIN 5510.
  • the molding compositions according to the invention can thus be used very advantageously for the production of interior fittings for rail vehicles.
  • the interior fittings made of the molding compounds described have excellent surface properties, which can also be obtained without further surface treatment.
  • the appearance of the finished surfaces of the interior components can be modified by suitable modification of the rubber morphology, for example in order to achieve glossy or matt surface designs.
  • the interior fittings show very little graying or yellowing effect when exposed to weather and UV radiation, so that the surface properties are retained.
  • Further advantageous properties of the interior fittings are the high weather stability, good thermal resistance, high yellowing resistance under UV radiation and thermal stress, good stress crack resistance, especially when exposed to chemicals, and good anti-electrostatic behavior. In addition, they have high color stability, for example due to their excellent resistance to yellowing and embrittlement.
  • the interior fittings according to the invention made of the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention show no significant loss of toughness or impact strength, even at low temperatures or after prolonged exposure to heat, which loss is retained even when exposed to UV rays.
  • the tensile strength is also retained. They also show a balanced relationship between rigidity and toughness.
  • thermoplastic moldings which have already been used to produce the interior fittings according to the invention. recycle mass. Because of the high color stability, weather resistance and aging resistance, the molding compositions used according to the invention are very suitable for reuse. The proportion of reused (recycled) molding compound can be high. When using, for example, 30% by weight of molding compound already used, which was mixed in the ground form with the molding compounds used according to the invention, the relevant material properties such as flowability, Vicat softening temperature and impact strength of the molding compounds and the interior fittings according to the invention produced therefrom did not change significantly. Similar results were obtained when the weather resistance was examined.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copoly obtained merisat had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 80 ml / g.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 60 ml / g.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 19% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 70 ml / g.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • a polymer blend based on a polybutadiene rubber which was grafted with a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer was used as the comparative polymer.
  • the rubber was in a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer matrix.
  • the polycarbonate content was 60% by weight.
  • the following molding compositions I and II or comparative molding composition I were produced from components A to F.
  • the compositions are shown in Table 1 below.
  • Loxiol ® G70 S is a lubricant.
  • the MVR 260/5 (Melt Volume Rate) was determined in accordance with ISO 1133, as was the VST / B / 50 value in accordance with ISO 306 as the heat resistance.
  • the modulus of elasticity in accordance with ISO 527 and the Charpy impact strength were determined according to ISO 179 / leA.
  • the fire behavior was also classified according to DIN 5510.
  • the molding compounds show relatively similar values for these classifications, if determined.
  • the yellowing was determined by measuring the difference in the yellowness index in accordance with DIN 6167 using an Ultra Scan from the manufacturer Hunter LAB. The exposure was carried out according to DIN 53387, method 2.
  • Table 2 shows that the yellowing for the molding compositions according to the invention is substantially less than for the comparative molding composition.
  • the yellowing was determined by measuring the difference in the yellowness index in accordance with DIN 6167 after heat storage at 90 ° C. The results are summarized in Table 3.
  • the molding compositions according to the invention can thus advantageously be used for the production of interior fittings for rail vehicles.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une matière moulable thermoplastique pour produire des éléments d'aménagement intérieur pour véhicules sur rails. Cette matière, différente de l'ABS, contient, toujours par rapport à la somme des quantités des composants A, B, C et D totalisant 100 %, (a) comme composant A, 1 à 58 % en poids, de préférence 1 à 29 % en poids, notamment 2 à 18 % en poids d'un polymère obtenu par émulsion, se présentant sous forme de particules et ayant une température de transition vitreuse inférieure à 0 °C et une taille moyenne de particules comprise entre 50 et 1000 nm, de préférence entre 50 et 500 nm, (b) comme composant B, 1 à 58 % en poids, de préférence 1 à 29 % en poids, notamment 2 à 18 % en poids d'au moins un polymère amorphe ou semi-cristallin, (c) comme composant C, 40 à 97 % en poids, de préférence, entre 70 et 94 % en poids de polycarbonates (d) comme composant D, 1 à 30 % en poids, de préférence, 4 à 20 % en poids, notamment 7 à 15 % en poids d'au moins un ester phosphorique de phénols monovalents ou polyvalents, (e) comme composant E, 0 à 5 % en poids, de préférence, 0,1 à 3 % en poids, notamment 0,2 à 1 % en poids, d'au moins un polymère fluoré, (f) comme composant F, 0 à 50 % en poids de charges sous forme de fibres ou de particules, ou de leur mélange.
EP97940024A 1996-07-25 1997-07-24 Elements d'amenagement interieur pour vehicules sur rails Withdrawn EP0914380A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19630063A DE19630063A1 (de) 1996-07-25 1996-07-25 Innenausbauteile für Schienenfahrzeuge
DE19630063 1996-07-25
PCT/EP1997/004036 WO1998004628A2 (fr) 1996-07-25 1997-07-24 Elements d'amenagement interieur pour vehicules sur rails

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DE19846202A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Formkörper für den Bausektor im Innenbereich
DE19846246A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Karosserieteile für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE19846199A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Formkörper für den Möbelsektor
DE19846201A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Massagegeräte und Gehäuse dafür
US6133360A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-10-17 General Electric Company Polycarbonate resin blends containing titanium dioxide
WO2006048168A1 (fr) * 2004-11-04 2006-05-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour produire des compositions polymeres contenant de l'huile minerale et une charge
JP2024528186A (ja) 2021-08-02 2024-07-26 レーム・ゲーエムベーハー 発泡性耐火コーティング用の改良された樹脂系

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DE3301161A1 (de) * 1983-01-15 1984-07-19 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Thermoplastische formmassen
DE3742768A1 (de) * 1987-12-17 1989-06-29 Basf Ag Halogenfreie flammfeste formmassen, verfahren zur herstellung und ihre verwendung
DE4342048A1 (de) * 1993-12-09 1995-06-14 Basf Ag Dreistufige Pfropfcopolymerisate und solche enthaltende thermoplastische Formmassen mit hoher Zähigkeit
DE69504118T2 (de) * 1994-04-04 1998-12-24 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc., Tokio/Tokyo Thermoplastische Harzzusammensetzung für Profilextrusion

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