EP0913651B1 - High efficiency heat exchanger element for building a heating element in a sectional boiler - Google Patents
High efficiency heat exchanger element for building a heating element in a sectional boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0913651B1 EP0913651B1 EP98440235A EP98440235A EP0913651B1 EP 0913651 B1 EP0913651 B1 EP 0913651B1 EP 98440235 A EP98440235 A EP 98440235A EP 98440235 A EP98440235 A EP 98440235A EP 0913651 B1 EP0913651 B1 EP 0913651B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- baffle plate
- wall
- chicane
- exchange element
- internal chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001508691 Martes zibellina Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940012982 picot Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/38—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/001—Guiding means
- F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
Definitions
- Underfloor heating and certain elements water circulation heaters for rooms and premises allow to use water for heating so-called low temperature lying in the range 20 ° C-35 ° C.
- the ideal in terms of yield is to directly use the water coming out of the boiler brought to these temperatures considered low in the field of heating.
- Boilers serving water at such low temperature condense in the downstream part of the path combustion gases causing the disadvantages that we know: corrosion by acid condensates causing deterioration of the exchanger elements, difficulties in collecting and disposing of condensates.
- the structures overlap each other to achieve a suitable deceleration of gases and fumes from burning that get rid of their calories as they progress along the elements exchangers.
- exchanger elements are produced usually foundry cast iron causing the making fairly complex foundry molds with use of sand cores for the formation of hollow body.
- the two deflectors do not constitute actually a chicane. They just orient slightly the flow in order to decrease the areas dormant. They do not lengthen the course enormously of fluid, a large majority of the flow can even go directly from the inlet to the go out without being diverted. The improvement of heat exchange is therefore very low.
- the object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages by making an element by foundry heat exchanger with baffle at low risk of manufacturing and free of sand residue after its evacuation phase, exchanger element which presents plus a high heat exchange efficiency.
- the new core of sand ensures low-risk industrial manufacturing fault (s) resulting from deterioration or rupture of the sand core.
- the invention relates to a high efficiency exchanger element for boiler sectionable with an internal structure of baffle bounded by two transverse structures each consisting of an oblique transverse plane and an inclined deflector distant from each other to form a deflector means and a secondary baffle.
- the invention allows after molding to completely evacuate through the orifices existing nucleus residues lodged in re-entrant angles at the ends of the deflectors near the element body exchanger.
- the yield is further increased general of the exchanger element by lengthening the path of water inside the room and removing the sleeping areas at the baffle walls.
- the exchanger element according to the invention is intended for sectional boilers in particular condensing type. However, any application to another type of boiler not under any effort additional inventive comes under the present invention.
- the exchanger element is in the form of a hollow body 1 of general shape approximately rectangular with two lateral faces exchange 2 and 3 provided with pins such as 4 in shape prismatic with rounded 5 end and cross section diamond 6.
- pins constitute protruding points of each exchange side face 2 and 3 arranged in successive transverse rows such as 7 as represented. These rows are offset from those on the exchange side face opposite the adjacent exchanger element and protrude sufficiently of the junction plane between two exchanger elements neighbors 8 and 9 (figure 8) to nest in the free spaces between pimples such as 10 and constitute a flat volume 11 for the passage of combustion gases occupied mainly by spikes. Free spaces 10 form as many passages 12 in chicane for the slowing the evacuation of combustion gases.
- pins 4 There are a majority of pins 4 of identical shape and size, a top line 13 smaller spikes and two columns end 14 and 15 formed by specific pins 16 of general shape in rectangular section arranged in alternating succession with symmetrical presentation.
- junction 17 and 18 The area of pins on each exchange face 2 and 3 is delimited laterally by two edges of junction 17 and 18 projecting including the edges define the junction plane and serve as support for homologous songs from the neighboring exchanger element with interposition of a gasket 19 during assembly-juxtaposition of the heating body (figure 8).
- the flat passage volume 11 formed by the junction of two neighboring exchanger elements 8 and 9 serves as a downdraft chimney for combustion gases.
- the opposite side face is of conformation identical as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
- the exchanger element includes a chamber interior 20 representing a flat interior volume crossed by the heat transfer fluid between an orifice lower inlet 21 and an upper outlet port 22.
- the body of the exchanger element has a upper end 23 shaped as a recess 24.
- This cavity 24 occupying practically the entire width of the exchanger element between an extension of the side wall and the top port block of outlet 22 is intended, with the exchanger elements neighbors 8, 9 and others forming the heating body of the boiler, to constitute a closed hearth at its upper end by the gas burner (not represented).
- the body of the exchanger element is open to its lower end at the side faces exchange 2,3 and put in communication with a condensate collection receptacle (not shown).
- This arrangement is typical of a boiler gas condensing. It conveniently avoids dripping condensate on the burner.
- the interior volume of room 20 has a chicane structure materialized by two large walls slightly oblique one lower 25 and the other upper 26 not joining the wall of the adjacent lateral edge of junction 17 and 18 respectively of the element body exchanger.
- the proximal end of each large wall 25 or 26 is offset from the adjacent wall of the inner chamber 20 of a constituent interval a restricted passage 27 and 28 respectively.
- the large lower oblique walls 25 and upper 26 are slightly inclined rising in the direction of movement of the heat transfer fluid so to favor the passage of the fluid as for a divergent opening (figure 2). This is the case of the large lower wall 25 which delimits a compartment diverge from the lower inlet of the fluid, but also of the large upper wall 26 which does not cut the current, but forces it to a path elongated meander 29.
- the great interest of the invention lies in being able to manufacture the exchanger element by a foundry technique with a core of sand mechanically strong ensuring repetitive quality in industrial manufacturing while improving advantages of the baffle structure interior.
- the nucleus is produced in the form of a compact block 34 without large transverse notch (s).
- edges protruding cross sections such as 43 and 44 along joining edges. These transverse edges at number of at least two on each side edge of junction share length in intervals approximately the same length. They aim to play the role of a picot in order to occupy the space between two pins of an end column.
- the enamel layer provides protection against corrosion and smoothness on surfaces system improving the passage of combustion gases and avoiding the majority of incrustations and deposits.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Le chauffage par le sol et certains éléments
chauffants par circulation d'eau pour pièces et locaux
permettent d'utiliser pour se chauffer de l'eau à
température dite basse se situant jusque dans la gamme
20°C-35°C.Underfloor heating and certain elements
water circulation heaters for rooms and premises
allow to use water for heating
so-called low temperature lying in the
L'idéal en terme de rendement consiste à utiliser directement l'eau sortant de la chaudière portée à ces températures considérées comme faibles dans le domaine du chauffage.The ideal in terms of yield is to directly use the water coming out of the boiler brought to these temperatures considered low in the field of heating.
Les chaudières servant de l'eau à si basse température condensent dans la partie aval du trajet des gaz de combustion entraínant les inconvénients que l'on connaít : corrosion par les condensats acides provoquant la détérioration des éléments échangeurs, difficultés liées à la collecte et à l'évacuation des condensats.Boilers serving water at such low temperature condense in the downstream part of the path combustion gases causing the disadvantages that we know: corrosion by acid condensates causing deterioration of the exchanger elements, difficulties in collecting and disposing of condensates.
Pour augmenter le rendement des éléments échangeurs des chaudières sectionnables, on utilise des picots qui hérissent les surfaces planes en regard de deux éléments échangeurs successifs et dont les structures s'imbriquent les unes dans les autres pour réaliser un ralentissement adapté des gaz et fumées de combustion qui se débarrassent de leurs calories pendant leur progression le long des éléments échangeurs.To increase the efficiency of the elements sectional boiler exchangers, spikes protruding from flat surfaces opposite two successive exchanger elements, the structures overlap each other to achieve a suitable deceleration of gases and fumes from burning that get rid of their calories as they progress along the elements exchangers.
Une autre caractéristique connue pour augmenter le rendement de ces éléments échangeurs concerne la présence d'une chicane intérieure matérialisée par deux parois transversales décalées qui font corps chacune avec la paroi adjacente de l'élément échangeur.Another feature known for increase the efficiency of these exchanger elements concerns the presence of an interior chicane materialized by two offset transverse walls which are each integral with the adjacent wall of the element exchanger.
Ces éléments échangeurs sont réalisés habituellement en fonte de fonderie entraínant la confection de moules de fonderie assez complexes avec utilisation de noyaux en sable pour la formation des corps creux.These exchanger elements are produced usually foundry cast iron causing the making fairly complex foundry molds with use of sand cores for the formation of hollow body.
Ces parois intérieures compliquent la réalisation du noyau de sable de fonderie et constituent des zones transversales creuses qui le fragilisent. Ainsi, le risque de rupture, de détérioration ou simplement de déformation des noyaux se montre important. Ce risque entraíne l'augmentation du nombre de pièces défectueuses qu'il faut jeter ou ferrailler. De plus, la présence de ces parois formant une chicane contrarie l'évacuation du sable après constitution de la pièce. En effet, le sable se déverse mal vers les seules sorties existantes de la chambre intérieure qui sont les orifices prévus pour l'entrée et la sortie du fluide caloporteur. Encore plus problématique, l'angle de jonction entre chaque paroi transversale formant la chicane et la paroi de l'élément échangeur est rentrant, formant un véritable piège de rétention pour le sable qui s'avère difficile à déloger de ces endroits.These interior walls complicate the realization of the foundry sand core and constitute hollow transverse zones which weaken. So the risk of rupture, of deterioration or simply deformation of the nuclei is important. This risk leads to the increase the number of defective parts to be discarded or scrap. In addition, the presence of these walls forming a baffle obstructs the evacuation of the sand after constitution of the part. Indeed, the sand pours out wrong to the only existing exits from the room interior which are the holes provided for the entrance and the outlet of the heat transfer fluid. Even more problematic, the junction angle between each wall transverse forming the baffle and the wall of the exchanger element is re-entrant, forming a true difficult sand retention trap to dislodge from these places.
On a remédié à cet inconvénient en réalisant des ouvertures d'évacuation du sable au droit des compartiments délimités par les parois transversales de la chicane. Le sable s'évacue à peu près totalement par ces orifices et cette solution s'avère satisfaisante sur ce point. Par contre, les orifices doivent être rebouchés pour permettre l'utilisation technique de l'élément échangeur. On est donc amené à réaliser des travaux mécaniques supplémentaires de rebouchage. On réalise ce rebouchage fréquemment en taraudant les parois des orifices puis en les obturant par des bouchons filetés. On comprend que ces travaux supplémentaires renchérissent notablement le prix de l'élément échangeur et augmentent sa durée de fabrication tout en le compliquant techniquement et en le fragilisant mécaniquement. This has been remedied by realizing sand discharge openings to the right of compartments delimited by the transverse walls of chicanery. The sand is evacuated almost completely by these holes and this solution is satisfactory on this point. However, the orifices must be filled to allow the technical use of the exchanger element. We are therefore led to carry out additional mechanical filling work. We performs this recapping frequently by tapping the walls of the orifices then closing them with threaded plugs. We understand that these works significantly increase the price of the exchanger element and increase its duration by manufacturing while complicating it technically and mechanically weakening it.
On connaít également un échangeur, décrit dans la demande de brevet DE 3622 266 au nom de VAILLANT, qui comporte dans sa chambre intérieure des déflecteurs de petites dimensions qui ne sont pas en contact avec les parois latérales de l'échangeur.We also know an exchanger, described in patent application DE 3622 266 in the name of VAILLANT, which has in its interior room deflectors of small dimensions which are not contact with the side walls of the exchanger.
Il s'agit d'un échangeur classique à picots extérieurs qui présente deux déflecteurs inclinés ouverts légèrement en éventail. En raison de leur emplacement et de leur faible longueur, ils procurent simplement un effet hydrodynamique d'ensemble en orientant préférentiellement le flux vers le haut et vers la paroi en regard.It is a classic spike exchanger exterior with two inclined deflectors slightly fan-shaped. Because of their location and their short length they provide simply an overall hydrodynamic effect in preferably directing the flow upwards and towards the opposite wall.
Les deux déflecteurs ne constituent pas réellement une chicane. Ils ne font qu'orienter légèrement le flux afin de diminuer les zones dormantes. Ils n'allongent pas énormément le parcours du fluide, une grande majorité du flux pouvant même passer directement de l'orifice d'entrée à l'orifice de sortir sans avoir été déviée. L'amélioration de l'échange thermique est donc très faible. The two deflectors do not constitute actually a chicane. They just orient slightly the flow in order to decrease the areas dormant. They do not lengthen the course enormously of fluid, a large majority of the flow can even go directly from the inlet to the go out without being diverted. The improvement of heat exchange is therefore very low.
L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en réalisant par fonderie un élément échangeur avec chicane à faible risque de défaut de fabrication et exempt de résidus de sable après sa phase d'évacuation, élément échangeur qui présente en plus un haut rendement d'échange thermique.The object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages by making an element by foundry heat exchanger with baffle at low risk of manufacturing and free of sand residue after its evacuation phase, exchanger element which presents plus a high heat exchange efficiency.
Comme déjà indiqué le nouveau noyau de sable assure une fabrication industrielle à faible risque de défaut(s) consécutif(s) à une dégradation ou à une rupture du noyau de sable.As already indicated the new core of sand ensures low-risk industrial manufacturing fault (s) resulting from deterioration or rupture of the sand core.
A cet effet l'invention se rapporte à un élément échangeur à haut rendement pour chaudière sectionnable présentant une structure intérieure de chicane délimitée par deux structures transversales constituée chacune d'un plan transversal oblique et d'un déflecteur incliné distants l'un de l'autre pour former un moyen déflecteur et une chicane secondaire.To this end, the invention relates to a high efficiency exchanger element for boiler sectionable with an internal structure of baffle bounded by two transverse structures each consisting of an oblique transverse plane and an inclined deflector distant from each other to form a deflector means and a secondary baffle.
Grâce à cette structure, l'invention permet après moulage d'évacuer totalement par les orifices existants les résidus de noyau se logeant dans les angles rentrants au niveau des extrémités des déflecteurs à proximité du corps de l'élément échangeur.Thanks to this structure, the invention allows after molding to completely evacuate through the orifices existing nucleus residues lodged in re-entrant angles at the ends of the deflectors near the element body exchanger.
Par ailleurs, on augmente encore le rendement général de l'élément échangeur en allongeant le trajet de l'eau à l'intérieur de la chambre et en supprimant les zones dormantes au niveau des parois de chicane.In addition, the yield is further increased general of the exchanger element by lengthening the path of water inside the room and removing the sleeping areas at the baffle walls.
Comme déjà indiqué, la suppression des parois transversales de chicane de grande longueur et jointives avec le corps de l'échangeur procure au noyau une résistance mécanique suffisante pour garantir une fabrication industrielle sans défaut(s) intérieur(s).As already indicated, the removal of the walls long baffle crosses and joined with the exchanger body provides the core sufficient mechanical strength to guarantee industrial manufacturing without interior defect (s).
Le noyau renforcé par des attaches qui améliorent sa cohésion résiste systématiquement aux différentes contraintes du moulage.The core reinforced by fasteners which improve its cohesion systematically resists different constraints of molding.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention sont consignés dans la description qui suit effectuée à titre non-limitatif, en référence aux dessins accompagnants sur lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale le long de la chambre intérieure d'un élément échangeur selon l'art antérieur ;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale le long de la chambre intérieure d'un élément échangeur selon l'invention ;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale le long de la chambre intérieure d'un élément échangeur selon l'invention montrant le trajet des courants d'eau entre l'orifice inférieur d'entrée et l'orifice supérieur de sortie ;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique approximative et générale en perspective du noyau en sable de fonderie correspondant au corps creux de l'élément échangeur selon l'invention ;
- la figure 5 est une vue en plan d'un élément échangeur conforme à l'invention
- la figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale verticale selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5 ;
- la figure 7 est une vue en coupe transversale horizontale de la partie basse de l'élément échangeur selon l'invention selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 5 ;
- la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale horizontale selon un plan passant par les orifices de deux éléments échangeurs latéralement juxtaposés.
- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view along the inner chamber of an exchanger element according to the prior art;
- Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view along the inner chamber of an exchanger element according to the invention;
- FIG. 3 is a view in vertical section along the interior chamber of an exchanger element according to the invention showing the path of the water currents between the lower inlet orifice and the upper outlet orifice;
- Figure 4 is an approximate and general schematic perspective view of the foundry sand core corresponding to the hollow body of the exchanger element according to the invention;
- Figure 5 is a plan view of an exchanger element according to the invention
- Figure 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 5;
- Figure 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the lower part of the exchanger element according to the invention along line VII-VII of Figure 5;
- Figure 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along a plane passing through the orifices of two laterally juxtaposed exchanger elements.
L'élément échangeur selon l'invention est destiné à des chaudières sectionnables en particulier du type à condensation. Cependant, toute application à un autre type de chaudière ne relevant d'aucun effort inventif supplémentaire entre dans le cadre de la présente invention.The exchanger element according to the invention is intended for sectional boilers in particular condensing type. However, any application to another type of boiler not under any effort additional inventive comes under the present invention.
On décrira ci-après à titre d'exemple non limitatif un élément échangeur prévu pour une chaudière sectionnable à condensation et à brûleur à gaz. An example will not be described below. limiting an exchanger element provided for a boiler sectionable with condensation and gas burner.
L'élément échangeur se présente sous la forme
d'un corps creux 1 de forme générale approximativement
parallélépipédique présentant deux faces latérales
d'échange 2 et 3 pourvues de picots tels que 4 de forme
prismatique à extrémité 5 arrondie et à section en
losange 6.The exchanger element is in the form
of a
Ces picots constituent des pointes saillantes
de chaque face latérale d'échange 2 et 3 disposées en
rangées transversales successives telles que 7 comme
représenté. Ces rangées sont décalées par rapport à
celles de la face latérale d'échange en regard de
l'élément échangeur adjacent et dépassent suffisamment
du plan de jonction entre deux éléments échangeurs
voisins 8 et 9 (figure 8) pour s'imbriquer dans les
espaces libres inter picots tels que 10 et constituer
un volume plat 11 de passage des gaz de combustion
occupé en majorité par les picots. Les espaces libres
10 forment autant de passages 12 en chicane pour le
ralentissement de l'évacuation des gaz de combustion.These pins constitute protruding points
of each
On distingue une majorité de picots 4 de
forme et de dimension identique, une ligne supérieure
13 de picots de plus faible dimension et deux colonnes
d'extrémité 14 et 15 formées de picots particuliers 16
de forme générale en section rectangulaire disposés en
succession alternée avec présentation symétrique.There are a majority of
La zone de picots de chaque face d'échange 2
et 3 est délimitée latéralement par deux bords de
jonction 17 et 18 en saillie dont les chants
définissent le plan de jonction et servent d'appui aux
chants homologues de l'élément échangeur voisin avec
interposition d'un joint 19 lors de l'assemblage-juxtaposition
du corps de chauffe (figure 8).The area of pins on each
Le volume plat de passage 11 formé par la
jonction de deux éléments échangeurs voisins 8 et 9
sert de cheminée descendante aux gaz de combustion.The
La face latérale opposée est de conformation identique ainsi que le montrent les figures 7 et 8. The opposite side face is of conformation identical as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
L'élément échangeur comporte une chambre
intérieure 20 représentant un volume intérieur plat
traversé par le fluide caloporteur entre un orifice
inférieur d'entrée 21 et un orifice supérieur de sortie
22.The exchanger element includes a
Dans le cadre de l'application utilisée comme
exemple, le corps de l'élément échangeur présente une
extrémité supérieure 23 conformée en évidement 24.
Cette cavité 24 occupant pratiquement toute la largeur
de l'élément échangeur entre une prolongation de la
paroi latérale et le bloc de l'orifice supérieur de
sortie 22 est destinée, avec les éléments échangeurs
voisins 8, 9 et autres formant le corps de chauffe de
la chaudière, à constituer un foyer obturé à son
extrémité supérieure par le brûleur à gaz (non
représenté).As part of the application used as
example, the body of the exchanger element has a
Le corps de l'élément échangeur est ouvert à
son extrémité inférieure au niveau des faces latérales
d'échange 2,3 et mis en communication avec un
réceptacle de collecte des condensats (non représenté).The body of the exchanger element is open to
its lower end at the side faces
Cette disposition est typique d'une chaudière à condensation à gaz. Elle permet d'éviter commodément le ruissellement des condensats sur le brûleur.This arrangement is typical of a boiler gas condensing. It conveniently avoids dripping condensate on the burner.
Pour ralentir et répartir le flux d'eau à
réchauffer provenant de l'orifice inférieur d'entrée 21
situé à l'extrémité inférieure, le volume intérieur de
la chambre 20 présente une structure en chicane
matérialisée par deux grandes parois légèrement
obliques l'une inférieure 25 et l'autre supérieure 26
ne rejoignant pas la paroi du bord latéral adjacent de
jonction respectivement 17 et 18 du corps de l'élément
échangeur. L'extrémité proximale de chaque grande paroi
25 ou 26 est décalée par rapport à la paroi adjacente
de la chambre intérieure 20 d'un intervalle constituant
un passage restreint respectivement 27 et 28.To slow down and distribute the water flow to
reheat from the
Ces intervalles permettent comme indiqué ci-dessus de rendre le noyau de fonderie plus solide en évitant qu'il ne soit fendu transversalement sur une trop grande longueur comme c'est le cas dans la technique antérieure ( figure 1 ).These intervals allow as indicated above to make the foundry core more solid by preventing it from being split transversely on a too long as is the case in the prior art (Figure 1).
Les grandes parois obliques inférieure 25 et
supérieure 26 sont faiblement inclinées montantes dans
le sens de déplacement du fluide caloporteur de manière
à favoriser le passage du fluide comme pour une
ouverture divergente (figure 2). C'est le cas de la
grande paroi inférieure 25 qui délimite un compartiment
divergent à partir de l'orifice inférieur d'entrée du
fluide, mais aussi de la grande paroi supérieure 26 qui
ne rabat pas le courant, mais le contraint à un trajet
en méandre allongé 29.The large
Pour éviter une fuite trop importante du
courant par les passages restreints 27 et 28, on
prévoit devant chacun de ceux-ci un déflecteur incliné
montant respectivement inférieur 30 et supérieur 31.
Ces déflecteurs sont de petite taille et sont réalisés
d'une seule pièce avec la paroi latérale adjacente de
la chambre intérieure 20. Ils permettent de dévier
localement le courant d'eau pour éviter son entrée dans
les passages restreints 27 et 28.To avoid excessive leakage from the
running through restricted
On a formé ainsi à chaque fois une chicane
secondaire inférieure 32 et supérieure 33 dont le seul
but est d'éviter ou tout au moins de limiter l'entrée
du courant d'eau dans l'intervalle technique existant
entre l'extrémité proximale de chaque grande paroi et
la paroi adjacente de la chambre intérieure 20.Each time we formed a chicane
lower secondary 32 and upper 33 of which the only
goal is to avoid or at least limit entry
of the water current in the existing technical interval
between the proximal end of each large wall and
the adjacent wall of the
On remarque que l'inclinaison du déflecteur
supérieur 31 est plus forte. Celle-ci est conditionnée
par la forme du courant d'eau à cet endroit venant de
la partie inférieure de la chambre et qu'il faut
rabattre pour qu'il longe la grande paroi 26.Note that the inclination of the deflector
higher 31 is stronger. This is conditioned
by the shape of the water current at this place coming from
the lower part of the room and that it takes
fold down so that it runs along the
On réalise ainsi un ralentissement et une augmentation du trajet du fluide bénéfiques au rendement de l'échange thermique pendant son cheminement le long de la chambre intérieure au cours duquel il se réchauffe comme le montre la figure 3 matérialisant le courant d'eau.We thus achieve a slowdown and a increased fluid path beneficial to heat exchange efficiency during path along the interior chamber during from which it heats up as shown in Figure 3 materializing the stream of water.
Le grand intérêt de l'invention réside dans le fait de pouvoir fabriquer l'élément échangeur par une technique de fonderie avec un noyau de sable mécaniquement solide assurant une qualité répétitive dans la fabrication industrielle tout en améliorant les avantages procurés par la structure de chicane intérieure.The great interest of the invention lies in being able to manufacture the exchanger element by a foundry technique with a core of sand mechanically strong ensuring repetitive quality in industrial manufacturing while improving advantages of the baffle structure interior.
Ainsi, comme le montre la figure 4, le noyau
est réalisé sous la forme d'un bloc compact 34 sans
entaille(s) transversale(s) importante(s).Thus, as shown in Figure 4, the nucleus
is produced in the form of a
On distingue une entaille limitée et inclinée
inférieure 35 et supérieure 36 correspondant aux parois
25 et 26 et deux petites entailles obliques 37 et 38
décalées correspondant aux déflecteurs 30 et 31 des
chicanes secondaires 32 et 33 délimitant des liaisons
de matière ou attaches 39 et 40.There is a limited and inclined notch
lower 35 and upper 36 corresponding to the
Ces liaisons de matière ou attaches 39 et 40
au niveau de ces chicanes secondaires apportent la
solidité mécanique supplémentaire qui manquait au noyau
dans les formes antérieures de réalisation des éléments
échangeurs avec chicane en raison des parois 41 et 42
de chicane réalisées transversales et d'une seule pièce
avec la paroi latérale adjacente de la chambre
intérieure (figure 1).These material bonds or
On remarque sur la figure 5 des arêtes transversales saillantes telles que 43 et 44 le long des bords de jonction. Ces arêtes transversales au nombre d'au moins deux sur chaque bord latéral de jonction partagent la longueur en intervalles approximativement de même longueur. Elles ont pour but de jouer le rôle d'un picot afin d'occuper l'espace entre deux picots d'une colonne d'extrémité.We notice in Figure 5 edges protruding cross sections such as 43 and 44 along joining edges. These transverse edges at number of at least two on each side edge of junction share length in intervals approximately the same length. They aim to play the role of a picot in order to occupy the space between two pins of an end column.
Il est à noter que l'arête supérieure 43 au
niveau de la chicane secondaire supérieure 33 est
placée dans l'espace situé entre les deux déflecteurs. Note that the
Pour améliorer la circulation des gaz de combustion et donc l'échange et pour augmenter la durée de vie des éléments échangeurs et faciliter le nettoyage, on prévoit d'émailler les surfaces d'échange des faces latérales de l'élément échangeur.To improve the circulation of combustion and therefore the exchange and to increase the duration life of the exchanger elements and facilitate cleaning, we plan to enamel the exchange surfaces side faces of the exchanger element.
La couche d'émail apporte une protection contre la corrosion et un caractère lisse aux surfaces d'échange améliorant le passage des gaz de combustion et évitant la majorité des incrustations et dépôts.The enamel layer provides protection against corrosion and smoothness on surfaces system improving the passage of combustion gases and avoiding the majority of incrustations and deposits.
Claims (6)
- High-efficiency heat exchange element for sectionable boilers, in particular condensing boilers, having, on the one hand, raised portions (4) on lateral exchange faces (2, 3) thereof, which are each delimited by junction edges (17, 18), and, on the other hand, an internal chamber (20) in the form of a chicane, through which chamber (20) flows the liquid coolant, characterised in that the chicane comprises an upper structure (26, 31) and a lower structure (25, 30) serving as baffles, which are each formed by a first baffle plate (25, 26) and a second baffle plate (30, 31), the first baffle plate (25, 26) being separated from the adjacent lateral wall of the internal chamber (20) by a free interval which extends between the proximal end of the first baffle plate (25, 26) and the wall in order to form in each case a restricted passage (27, 28) and the second baffle plate (30, 31) being offset from the first baffle plate (25, 26) relative to the inlet of the liquid coolant in order to form in each case with the proximal end of the first baffle plate (25, 26) a lower (32) and upper (33) secondary chicane allowing connections (39, 40) of aggregated sand to be constituted in the core of the foundry mould, giving it additional mechanical strength and allowing simple, ready and complete removal of the moulding sand after moulding.
- Exchange element according to claim 1, characterised in that the first baffle plates (25, 26) are inclined upwards in the direction of advance of the liquid coolant.
- Exchange element according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the upper secondary chicane (33) is constituted by the proximal end of an upper wall (26) of the main chicane and by an oblique baffle plate (31) which is inclined upwards from the exchange element, which is of short length, which is located below the upper wall and which forms an integral part of the adjacent lateral wall of the internal chamber (20) in order to delimit with the proximal end of the upper wall (26) a bent lateral passage (28) close to the lateral wall of the chamber.
- Exchange element according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the oblique baffle plate (31) is acutely inclined upwards.
- Exchange element according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the lower secondary chicane (32) is constituted by the proximal end of a lower wall (25) of the main chicane and by a rising oblique baffle plate (30), which is of short length, which is located below the lower wall (25) and which forms an integral part of the wall of the internal chamber (20) in order to delimit a bent lateral passage (27) close to the wall of the internal chamber (20).
- Exchange element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is produced from a foundry mould with a sand core whose transverse notches (35, 36) and the adjacent small oblique notches (37, 38), which are intended to constitute the chicane structures (25, 26, 30, 31) of the internal chamber (20), delimit in each case a material connection (39, 40) between the central portion of the core and the lateral edges of the core with a view to improving the mechanical strength thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9713881 | 1997-10-31 | ||
FR9713881A FR2770625B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 1997-10-31 | HIGH EFFICIENCY HEAT EXCHANGER ELEMENT FOR CONSTITUTING THE HEATING BODY OF A SECTIONABLE BOILER |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0913651A1 EP0913651A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
EP0913651B1 true EP0913651B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=9513040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98440235A Expired - Lifetime EP0913651B1 (en) | 1997-10-31 | 1998-10-23 | High efficiency heat exchanger element for building a heating element in a sectional boiler |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0913651B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE205589T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69801631T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2770625B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU3947999A (en) | 1998-06-12 | 2000-01-05 | Chart Heat Exchangers Limited | Heat exchanger |
FR2791128A1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-22 | Dietrich Thermique | HEAT EXCHANGER ELEMENT WITH TAPS FOR A SECTIONABLE BOILER |
CN104165460A (en) * | 2013-05-19 | 2014-11-26 | 天津山姆燃气设备有限公司 | Shunt and water replenishing boiler plate |
EP3425301A1 (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-09 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Heat exchanger element |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3622266A1 (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-02-12 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Method for producing a heat exchanger from aluminium and use of the heat exchanger as a cast boiler member |
ATA206886A (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1990-08-15 | Vaillant Gmbh | BOILER SECTION |
ATA291A (en) * | 1991-01-02 | 1994-09-15 | Vaillant Gmbh | ATMOSPHERIC BOILER |
-
1997
- 1997-10-31 FR FR9713881A patent/FR2770625B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-10-23 DE DE69801631T patent/DE69801631T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-23 EP EP98440235A patent/EP0913651B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-23 AT AT98440235T patent/ATE205589T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69801631T2 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
FR2770625A1 (en) | 1999-05-07 |
FR2770625B1 (en) | 1999-12-17 |
ATE205589T1 (en) | 2001-09-15 |
DE69801631D1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
EP0913651A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
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