EP0906964A2 - Thermal barrier coating and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Thermal barrier coating and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0906964A2 EP0906964A2 EP98118456A EP98118456A EP0906964A2 EP 0906964 A2 EP0906964 A2 EP 0906964A2 EP 98118456 A EP98118456 A EP 98118456A EP 98118456 A EP98118456 A EP 98118456A EP 0906964 A2 EP0906964 A2 EP 0906964A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- barrier coating
- thermal barrier
- thermal
- ceramic
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermal barrier coating by thermal spraying is applied to a metallic component, is ceramic and one porous structure, as well as a process for their preparation.
- Thermal insulation layers are the cheapest and most effective by thermal spray processes, such as Plasma spraying, apply to the metallic components.
- the ceramic so produced Thermal insulation layers have a porous, micro-cracks Structure that has a lower modulus of elasticity. Consequently can the thermal barrier coating in operation due to thermomechanical Loads of deformations that always occur are harmless to a limited extent withstand.
- the thermal insulation layers in the high temperature range > 900 ° C
- the ceramic changes. Sintering effects occur that result in an increasing modulus of elasticity.
- the thermal insulation layer is therefore less stretch tolerant, so that the thermomechanical loads lead to so-called segmentation cracks through which the thermal insulation layer segmented into individual clods.
- DE 40 41 103 A1 describes a method for the surface treatment of Components known by shot peening, in which initially a metallic MCrAlY layer as an oxidation and hot gas corrosion layer on the component surface applied and then the layer is shot peened to to achieve a smoothing of the rough layer surface and to compact the layer.
- a metallic layer is homogeneous and differs fundamentally of a ceramic thermal barrier coating, the grains and Has grain boundaries.
- US 5,277,936 discloses a method for coating a component a Ni or Co-based alloy, in which a metal powder and oxides for production a metallic oxidation protection and adhesive layer for a thermal insulation layer can be applied by plasma spraying.
- the oxidation protection and adhesive layer is blasted for compaction.
- the ceramic Thermal insulation layer just not be blasted.
- the invention has for its object a thermal barrier coating of the beginning to improve the genus described so that it also in the high temperature range is thermomechanically as stable as possible.
- a procedure is also intended for the production of a thermal insulation layer that is as stable as possible be created.
- the solution to the problem relating to the method is thereby according to the invention characterized in that the thermal barrier coating during and / or after the application process (thermal spraying) is blasted.
- the thermal barrier coating is spherical Blasted particles, which preferably consist of metal, ceramic or glass can.
- the solution relating to the thermal barrier coating is thereby characterized in that the thermal barrier coating formed by radiation, near the surface Shows cracks.
- the advantage is that the occurrence of unfavorable clod sizes is avoided is by the thermal barrier coating by blasting with particles is defined pre-damaged. Due to the high kinetic energy of the particles numerous small cracks near the surface occur in the thermal insulation layer on impact. In addition, so-called. Micro contact surfaces that the Accelerate sintering process, broken up. This way, at thermomechanical Stress both reduced the sintering effects, as well as the Formation of subcritical, small clods in the segmentation as a result of promoted many crack starters.
- thermal insulation layers Do not damage ceramics. The latter applies to those produced by vapor deposition Thermal insulation layers continue.
- the surprising effect according to the present The invention occurs particularly when manufactured by thermal spraying Thermal insulation layers, which have numerous microcracks. By the blasting according to the invention does not compact such a layer, but rather loosened overall to avoid the problem of sintering.
- a thermally highly stressed, metallic engine component like one Turbine blade, is provided with a ceramic thermal barrier coating.
- the thermal barrier coating is applied by plasma spraying onto the metallic component applied and has a porous, micro-cracked Structure on.
- the occurrence of unfavorable clod sizes with sintering effects Avoid the ceramic during operation in the high temperature range Thermal barrier layer during or immediately after the manufacturing process by means of plasma spraying, i.e. the application of the ceramic thermal barrier coating on the metallic component, defined by metal shot peening pre-damaged. Due to the high kinetic energy of the metal balls When impacting the thermal insulation layer, many small near-surface Cracks. The layer is loosened overall.
- so-called micro contact surfaces that accelerate the sintering process, broken up. The Blasting can start while the thermal barrier coating is being applied and continue afterwards or only immediately after application kick off.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmedämmschicht, die durch thermisches Spritzen auf eine metallische Komponente aufgebracht ist, keramisch ist und eine poröse Struktur aufweist, sowie ein Verfahren zu Ihrer Herstellung.The invention relates to a thermal barrier coating by thermal spraying is applied to a metallic component, is ceramic and one porous structure, as well as a process for their preparation.
Im Motoren- und Turbinenbau werden hochbelastete metallische Komponenten zum Schutz vor hohen Temperaturen mit keramischen Wärmedämmschichten versehen. Die Wärmedämmschichten lassen sich am kostengünstigsten und effektivsten durch thermische Spritzverfahren, wie z.B. Plasmaspritzen, auf die metallischen Komponenten aufbringen. Die so hergestellten keramischen Wärmedämmschichten besitzen eine poröse, von Mikrorissen durchzogene Struktur, die einen niedrigeren Elastizitätsmodul aufweist. Infolgedessen kann die Wärmedämmschicht die im Betrieb infolge thermomechanischer Belastung stets auftretenden Verformungen in bergrenztem Umfang schadlos aushalten. Beim Einsatz der Wärmedämmschichten im Hochtemperaturbereich (>900 °C) verändert sich jedoch die Keramik. Es treten Sintereffekte auf, die ein ansteigendes Elastizitätsmodul zur Folge haben. Die Wärmedämmschicht ist mithin weniger dehnungstolerant, so daß die thermomechanischen Belastungen zu sog. Segmentierungsrissen führen, durch welche die Wärmedämmschicht zu einzelnen Schollen segmentiert.Heavy duty metal components are used in engine and turbine construction for protection against high temperatures with ceramic thermal insulation layers Mistake. The thermal insulation layers are the cheapest and most effective by thermal spray processes, such as Plasma spraying, apply to the metallic components. The ceramic so produced Thermal insulation layers have a porous, micro-cracks Structure that has a lower modulus of elasticity. Consequently can the thermal barrier coating in operation due to thermomechanical Loads of deformations that always occur are harmless to a limited extent withstand. When using the thermal insulation layers in the high temperature range (> 900 ° C), however, the ceramic changes. Sintering effects occur that result in an increasing modulus of elasticity. The thermal insulation layer is therefore less stretch tolerant, so that the thermomechanical loads lead to so-called segmentation cracks through which the thermal insulation layer segmented into individual clods.
Simulationsrechnungen und Versuche haben gezeigt, daß bei den so segmentierten, keramischen Wärmedämmschichten bei weiterer thermomechanischer Belastung ein Rißfortschritt an der Grenzfläche zur metallischen Komponente (Metallsubstrat) auftritt. Dieser Rißfortschritt führt zum Abplatzen und damit zum völligen Versagen der Wärmedämmschicht.Simulation calculations and tests have shown that in the segmented, ceramic thermal insulation layers for further thermomechanical Load a crack progress at the interface to the metallic component (Metal substrate) occurs. This crack progress leads to chipping and thus for complete failure of the thermal barrier coating.
Aus der DE 40 41 103 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Bauteilen mittels Kugelstrahlen bekannt, bei dem zunächst eine metallische MCrAlY-Schicht als Oxidations- und Heißgaskorrosionsschicht auf die Bauteiloberfläche aufgebracht und anschließend die Schicht kugelgestrahlt wird, um eine Glättung der rauhen Schichtoberfläche zu erzielen und die Schicht zu verdichten. Eine solche metallische Schicht ist homogen und unterscheidet sich grundlegend von einer keramischen Wärmedämmschicht, die Körner und Korngrenzen aufweist.DE 40 41 103 A1 describes a method for the surface treatment of Components known by shot peening, in which initially a metallic MCrAlY layer as an oxidation and hot gas corrosion layer on the component surface applied and then the layer is shot peened to to achieve a smoothing of the rough layer surface and to compact the layer. Such a metallic layer is homogeneous and differs fundamentally of a ceramic thermal barrier coating, the grains and Has grain boundaries.
Die US 5,277,936 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Bauteils aus einer Ni- oder Co-Basislegierung, bei dem ein Metallpulver und Oxide zur Herstellung einer metallischen Oxidationsschutz- und Haftschicht für eine Wärmedämmschicht durch Plasmaspritzen aufgebracht werden. Die Oxidationsschutz- und Haftschicht wird zur Verdichtung gestrahlt. Dabei soll die keramische Wärmedämmschicht gerade nicht gestrahlt werden.US 5,277,936 discloses a method for coating a component a Ni or Co-based alloy, in which a metal powder and oxides for production a metallic oxidation protection and adhesive layer for a thermal insulation layer can be applied by plasma spraying. The oxidation protection and adhesive layer is blasted for compaction. The ceramic Thermal insulation layer just not be blasted.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Wärmedämmschicht der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung so zu verbessern, daß sie auch im Hochtemperaturbereich thermomechanisch möglichst beständig ist. Ferner soll ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer thermomechanisch möglichst beständigen Wärmedämmschicht geschaffen werden.The invention has for its object a thermal barrier coating of the beginning to improve the genus described so that it also in the high temperature range is thermomechanically as stable as possible. A procedure is also intended for the production of a thermal insulation layer that is as stable as possible be created.
Die das Verfahren betreffende Lösung der Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmedämmschicht während und/oder nach dem Aufbringvorgang (thermisches Spritzen) gestrahlt wird.The solution to the problem relating to the method is thereby according to the invention characterized in that the thermal barrier coating during and / or after the application process (thermal spraying) is blasted.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung wird die Wärmedämmschicht mit kugelförmigen Partikeln gestrahlt, die bevorzugt aus Metall, Keramik oder Glas bestehen können.In a preferred embodiment, the thermal barrier coating is spherical Blasted particles, which preferably consist of metal, ceramic or glass can.
Die die Wäremdämmschicht betreffende Lösung ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmedämmschicht durch Strahlen gebildete, oberflächennahe Risse aufweist. According to the invention, the solution relating to the thermal barrier coating is thereby characterized in that the thermal barrier coating formed by radiation, near the surface Shows cracks.
Der Vorteil besteht darin, daß das Auftreten ungünstiger Schollengrößen vermieden wird, indem die Wärmedämmschicht durch das Strahlen mit Partikeln definiert vorgeschädigt wird. Durch die hohe kinetische Energie der Partikel entstehen beim Aufprall zahlreiche kleine oberflächennahe Risse in der Wärmedämmschicht. Darüberhinaus werden sog. Mikrokontaktflächen, die den Sinterprozeß beschleunigen, aufgebrochen. Auf diese Weise werden bei thermomechanischer Belastung sowohl die Sintereffekte reduziert, als auch die Bildung unterkritischer, kleiner Schollen bei der Segmentierung infolge der vielen Rißstarter gefördert.The advantage is that the occurrence of unfavorable clod sizes is avoided is by the thermal barrier coating by blasting with particles is defined pre-damaged. Due to the high kinetic energy of the particles numerous small cracks near the surface occur in the thermal insulation layer on impact. In addition, so-called. Micro contact surfaces that the Accelerate sintering process, broken up. This way, at thermomechanical Stress both reduced the sintering effects, as well as the Formation of subcritical, small clods in the segmentation as a result of promoted many crack starters.
Anders als bei den metallischen Schichten, die durch Strahlen verdichtet werden, wurde das Strahlen bei Wärmedämmschichten stets vermieden, um die Keramik nicht zu beschädigen. Letzteres gilt für durch Aufdampfen hergestellter Wärmedämmschichten weiter. Der überraschende Effekt gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung tritt insbesondere bei durch thermisches Spritzen hergestellten Wärmedämmschichten auf, welche zahlreiche Mikrorisse aufweisen. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Strahlen wird eine solche Schicht nicht verdichtet, sondern zur Vermeidung der Sinterproblematik insgesamt aufgelockert.Unlike the metallic layers that are compressed by radiation, blasting has always been avoided in the case of thermal insulation layers Do not damage ceramics. The latter applies to those produced by vapor deposition Thermal insulation layers continue. The surprising effect according to the present The invention occurs particularly when manufactured by thermal spraying Thermal insulation layers, which have numerous microcracks. By the blasting according to the invention does not compact such a layer, but rather loosened overall to avoid the problem of sintering.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, bei dem die Wärmedämmschicht auf eine metallische Triebwerkskomponente aufgebracht wird.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment, in which the thermal barrier coating on a metallic engine component is applied.
Eine thermisch hochbelastete, metallische Triebwerkskomponente, wie eine Turbinenschaufel, wird mit einer keramischen Wärmedämmschicht versehen. Die Wärmedämmschicht wird durch Plasmaspritzen auf die metallische Komponente aufgebracht und weist eine poröse, von Mikrorissen durchzogene Struktur auf. Um das Auftreten ungünstiger Schollengrößen bei Sintereffekten während des Betriebs im Hochtemperaturbereich zu vermeiden, wird die keramische Wärmedämmschicht während oder unmittelbar nach dem Herstellprozeß mittels Plasmaspritzen, d.h. dem Aufbringen der keramischen Wärmedämmschicht auf die metallische Komponente, durch Metallkugelstrahlen definiert vorgeschädigt. Durch die hohe kinetische Energie der Metallkugeln entstehen beim Aufprall auf die Wärmedämmschicht viele kleine oberflächennahe Risse. Die Schicht wird insgesamt aufgelockert. Außerdem werden sog. Mikrokontaktflächen, die den Sinterprozeß beschleunigen, aufgebrochen. Das Strahlen kann während des Aufbringens der Wärmedämmschicht beginnen und sich danach fortsetzen oder auch erst unmittelbar nach dem Aufbringen beginnen.A thermally highly stressed, metallic engine component, like one Turbine blade, is provided with a ceramic thermal barrier coating. The thermal barrier coating is applied by plasma spraying onto the metallic component applied and has a porous, micro-cracked Structure on. The occurrence of unfavorable clod sizes with sintering effects Avoid the ceramic during operation in the high temperature range Thermal barrier layer during or immediately after the manufacturing process by means of plasma spraying, i.e. the application of the ceramic thermal barrier coating on the metallic component, defined by metal shot peening pre-damaged. Due to the high kinetic energy of the metal balls When impacting the thermal insulation layer, many small near-surface Cracks. The layer is loosened overall. In addition, so-called micro contact surfaces, that accelerate the sintering process, broken up. The Blasting can start while the thermal barrier coating is being applied and continue afterwards or only immediately after application kick off.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19743579A DE19743579C2 (en) | 1997-10-02 | 1997-10-02 | Thermal barrier coating and process for its manufacture |
DE19743579 | 1997-10-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0906964A2 true EP0906964A2 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
EP0906964A3 EP0906964A3 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
EP0906964B1 EP0906964B1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
Family
ID=7844397
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98118456A Expired - Lifetime EP0906964B1 (en) | 1997-10-02 | 1998-09-30 | Thermal barrier coating and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6214475B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0906964B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4603105B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19743579C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2297872T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2483528C (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2015-07-21 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Rotating member and method for coating the same |
DE10335425B3 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2004-08-26 | Öko-Insel Energietechnik GmbH | Heat storage unit, for storing heat, comprises base body made from ceramic materials for storing heat and having heat-conducting insert surrounded by protective layer |
DE102004050474A1 (en) * | 2004-10-16 | 2006-04-20 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Process for producing a component coated with a wear protection coating |
DE102005030266A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-18 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Blade of a turbomachine with a blade tip armor |
DE102005037448A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Thermal barrier coating system |
DE102005050873B4 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2020-08-06 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Process for producing a segmented coating and component produced by the process |
DE102014222684A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Segmented thermal barrier coating made of fully stabilized zirconium oxide |
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US4280975A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-07-28 | General Electric Company | Method for constructing a turbine shroud |
JPS62274062A (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1987-11-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of ceramic coated member |
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EP0897019A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-17 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | Method and device for forming porous ceramic coatings, in particular thermal barrier coatings, on metal substrates |
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JPS6021237B2 (en) * | 1977-01-05 | 1985-05-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | damping material |
JPS5887273A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1983-05-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Parts having ceramic coated layer and their production |
CN1007847B (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1990-05-02 | 住友特殊金属株式会社 | Process for producing magnets having improved corrosion resistance |
JPS62112769A (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-23 | Tadahiro Shimazu | Formation of thermally sprayed film having superior wear and corrosion resistance and durability |
JPS6338565A (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1988-02-19 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Method for reinforcing ceramic film |
US5277936A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1994-01-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxide containing MCrAlY-type overlay coatings |
JPH0250947A (en) * | 1988-08-11 | 1990-02-20 | Yamada Kinzoku Boshoku Kk | Sealing treatment for sprayed deposit |
JPH02254144A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1990-10-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of coated cutting tool having excellent wear resistance and chipping resistance |
US5073433B1 (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1995-10-31 | Praxair Technology Inc | Thermal barrier coating for substrates and process for producing it |
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JP3087504B2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 2000-09-11 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of surface-coated tungsten carbide based cemented carbide cutting tools with excellent wear and fracture resistance |
JPH07243018A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-09-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Surface modification method for heat insulating film |
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1997
- 1997-10-02 DE DE19743579A patent/DE19743579C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-09-30 EP EP98118456A patent/EP0906964B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-30 ES ES98118456T patent/ES2297872T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-01 JP JP27984698A patent/JP4603105B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-02 US US09/165,721 patent/US6214475B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US4280975A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-07-28 | General Electric Company | Method for constructing a turbine shroud |
JPS62274062A (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1987-11-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of ceramic coated member |
EP0455996A1 (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 1991-11-13 | Sulzer Metco (US) Inc. | Composite thermal spray powder of metal and non-metal |
EP0897019A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-17 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | Method and device for forming porous ceramic coatings, in particular thermal barrier coatings, on metal substrates |
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Title |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2297872T3 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
EP0906964A3 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
EP0906964B1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
JPH11158599A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
DE19743579A1 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
US6214475B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
JP4603105B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
DE19743579C2 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
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