EP0904488B1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant et procede de production d'un pointeau d'une telle soupape - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant et procede de production d'un pointeau d'une telle soupape Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0904488B1
EP0904488B1 EP97951114A EP97951114A EP0904488B1 EP 0904488 B1 EP0904488 B1 EP 0904488B1 EP 97951114 A EP97951114 A EP 97951114A EP 97951114 A EP97951114 A EP 97951114A EP 0904488 B1 EP0904488 B1 EP 0904488B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
closing
closing body
fuel injection
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97951114A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0904488A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0904488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0904488A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0904488B1 publication Critical patent/EP0904488B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0667Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature acting as a valve or having a short valve body attached thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F02M61/163Means being injection-valves with helically or spirally shaped grooves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/90Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector having ball and seat type valve

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing a valve needle of a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • an electromagnetically actuated fuel injector from DE-OS 33 18 486, which has an axially movable valve needle as a closing body support for a spherical valve closing body. With a lower end area, the closing body support partially engages around the valve closing body only in such a way that the enclosed area of the valve closing body only extends up to its largest diameter.
  • the opening width of the recess receiving the valve closing body in the end region of the closing body carrier perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the valve is therefore at least as large as the largest diameter of the valve closing body.
  • an integral joining method such as welding, soldering or gluing, must be used. Are the recess and the valve closing body with dimensions one Press fit provided, the valve closing body can also be held by pressing on the closing body carrier.
  • an electromagnetically actuated injection valve which has a valve needle, the closing body carrier serving as a connecting part is formed from plastic.
  • the spherical valve closing body and the closing body carrier are firmly connected to one another by a snap connection, the closing body carrier having spring-elastic holding jaws which engage around the valve closing body.
  • a fuel injection device which has a valve needle with outer spiral grooves.
  • the grooves delimited in the valve body form spiral fuel channels, which not only give the fuel a swirl, but also control the fuel flow rate.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 and the method according to claim 8 has the advantage that it is inexpensive and reliable to manufacture in a particularly simple manner. It is particularly advantageous that an extremely simple and inexpensive, yet very secure connection between a closing body carrier and a spherical valve closing body can be achieved.
  • the closing body carrier is formed with a recess in an end region for securely gripping around the valve closing body in such a way that the valve closing body, seen in the axial direction, dips into the recess over its equator, that is to say the region of the greatest radial extent.
  • the valve closing body is attached in that the end region forming an annular holding jaw is plastically deformed at least partially radially inwards by a flanging tool in such a way that the opening width of the recess at its downstream end is less than the diameter of the valve closing body.
  • the closing body support can advantageously be designed as a cold impact part. Through openings can already be formed in a simple manner.
  • grooves as fuel flow paths in a spiral on the circumference of the valve needle. They allow the fuel to be swirled to improve its atomization.
  • FIG. 1 shows it Fuel injector according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of a valve needle that can be produced according to the invention.
  • the electromagnetically actuated valve according to the invention in the form of an injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines, shown by way of example and partly in simplified form in FIG. 1, has a one-piece part, surrounded by a magnet coil 1, serving as an inner pole and as a fuel inlet or flow as well as a valve seat support largely tubular metal base body 2.
  • the base body 2 is stepped several times and, in particular, is designed stepped upstream of the magnetic coil 1 in the radial direction, so that the base body 2 with an upper cover section 3 partially surrounds the magnetic coil 1 and a particularly compact structure of the injection valve in the area of Magnetic coil 1 enables.
  • the magnetic coil 1 is from an outer sleeve-shaped, for. B.
  • the base body 2 downstream of the magnet coil 1 is also designed in a stepped manner, so that a guide section 8 is formed which axially delimits the magnet coil 1 similarly to the cover section 3 and thereby delimits the magnet coil region 1 downwards or in the downstream direction represents.
  • the base body 2 together with the valve jacket 5, the base body 2, through its two sections 3 and 8, forms an annular space which receives the magnet coil 1.
  • the base body 2 has one Inner longitudinal opening 11, concentric to a longitudinal valve axis 10, which serves as a fuel flow channel in an upstream region 11a and additionally at least partially as a guide opening for a valve needle 12 axially movable along the longitudinal valve axis 10 in a downstream region 11b.
  • the area 11b has a larger diameter than the area 11a, since a step shoulder 13 is provided in the longitudinal opening 11 in the axial extension area of the magnet coil 1.
  • the base body 2 Immediately downstream of the step 13, the base body 2 has a thin-walled magnetic throttle point 16.
  • the base body 2 Downstream of the leic section 8, the base body 2 functions as a valve seat carrier, since a valve seat body 14 having a fixed valve seat surface 15 as a valve seat is introduced at the downstream end of the region 11b of the longitudinal opening 11.
  • the valve seat body 14 is fixedly connected to the base body 2 by means of a weld seam produced, for example, by means of a laser. Otherwise, the lower region 11b of the longitudinal opening 11 serves to receive the valve needle 12, which is formed by an armature 17 and a spherical valve closing body 18.
  • the armature 17 serving as the closing body carrier is fixedly connected at its downstream end facing the spraying orifice plate 20 to the spherical valve closing body 18 by flanging.
  • the injection valve is actuated electromagnetically in a known manner.
  • the electromagnetic circuit with the magnet coil 1, the inner base body 2, the outer valve jacket 5 and the armature 17 is used.
  • the armature 17 is aligned accordingly with the base body 2 ,
  • the return spring 25 extends in the longitudinal opening 11, for example, both downstream and upstream of the stepped shoulder 13, that is to say in both regions 11a and 11b.
  • the spherical valve closing body 18 interacts with the valve seat surface 15 of the valve seat body 14 which tapers in the shape of a truncated cone and is formed in the axial direction downstream of a guide opening in the valve seat body 14.
  • the spray hole disk 20 has at least one, for example four, spray openings 27 formed by eroding or stamping.
  • the insertion depth of the valve seat body 14 in the injection valve is, among other things, decisive for the stroke of the valve needle 12.
  • the one end position of the valve needle 12 when the solenoid coil 1 is not energized is determined by the valve closing body 18 bearing against the valve seat surface 15 of the valve seat body 14, while the other is fixed End position of the valve needle 12 when the magnet coil 1 is excited by the contact of the armature 17 on the step shoulder 13 of the base body 2.
  • the stroke is adjusted by axially displacing the valve seat body 14, which is subsequently connected to the base body 2 in accordance with the desired position.
  • an adjusting sleeve 29 is inserted into the upper region 11a of the longitudinal opening 11.
  • the adjusting sleeve 29 is used to adjust the spring preload the restoring spring 25 resting on the adjusting sleeve 29, which is supported with its opposite side on a bottom region 30 of an inner recess 31 in the closing body carrier 17, the dynamic spray quantity also being adjusted with the adjusting sleeve 29.
  • the anchor 17 has e.g. In the axial extent of the magnetic throttle point 16 on the outer circumference on an annular upper guide surface 32, which serves to guide the axially movable valve needle 12 in the longitudinal opening 11.
  • the closing body support 17, which is designed, for example, as a cold impact part, has an upper stop surface 33 which faces the step shoulder 13 and is provided with a wear protection layer, e.g. is chrome-plated.
  • a wear protection layer e.g. is chrome-plated.
  • At least one through opening 35 is formed in the closing body carrier 17, for example two or four through openings 35 are formed, which extend obliquely to the valve axis 10 to the outside.
  • the closing body carrier 17 tapers in the downstream direction, the outer contour being frustoconical.
  • This design of the closing body support 17 enables the fuel to be supplied to the valve seat surface 15 to flow unhindered first through the recess 31 inside and after exiting the through openings 35 outside the closing body support 17.
  • the through openings 35 can be designed freely (e.g. with circular, elliptical or polygonal cross sections) and can run axially, radially or at an angle.
  • the closing body carrier 17 Downstream of the through openings 35, the closing body carrier 17 is designed as a solid needle shaft 36. To a downstream end area 37 the needle shaft 36 has a largely constant outer diameter, but which is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the upstream region of the closing body carrier 17 with the inner recess 31.
  • the lower end region 37 of the closing body carrier 17 in turn has a larger outer diameter than the needle shaft 36, the Transition is frustoconical.
  • the end region 37 has the function of receiving the spherical valve closing body 18 in an inner, blind hole-like recess 38, which is introduced from the lower side facing the valve closing body 18.
  • the recess 38 is formed, for example, with two axially consecutive sections 39a and 39b, the upper section 39a facing the solenoid coil 1 being conical and the lower section 39b facing the injection orifice plate 20 being largely cylindrical.
  • the valve closing body 18 lies against the wall of the conical section 39a at least in the form of a line contact.
  • FIG. 2 shows the end region 37 of the closing body carrier 17 on a changed scale.
  • An injection valve in the construction described above is characterized by its particularly compact structure, so that a very small, handy injection valve is formed, the valve jacket 5 of which has an outer diameter of only about 12 mm, for example.
  • the components described so far form a preassembled independent assembly, which can be referred to as functional part 40.
  • the fully set and assembled functional part 40 has z. B. an upper end face 42, here the cover portion 3, on which, for example, two contact pins 43 protrude. The electrical contacting of the magnetic coil 1 and thus its excitation takes place via the electrical contact pins 43, which serve as electrical connecting elements.
  • connection part (not shown) can be connected, which is distinguished above all by the fact that it comprises the electrical and the hydraulic connection of the entire injection valve.
  • a hydraulic connection of the connection part, not shown, and the functional part 40 is achieved in the fully assembled injection valve in that flow bores of both assemblies are brought together so that an unimpeded flow of fuel is ensured. It is then z. B. the end face 42 of the functional part 40 directly on a lower end face of the connecting part and is firmly connected to this.
  • connection area for secure sealing z. B. is provided a sealing ring 46 which rests on the end face 42 of the cover portion 3 surrounding the base body 45.
  • the contact pins 43 serving as electrical connecting elements enter into a secure electrical connection in the fully assembled valve with corresponding electrical connecting elements of the connecting part.
  • FIG. 2 shows the area of the valve needle 12 again, in which the closing body carrier 17 and the valve closing body 18 are connected to one another.
  • two, three or a plurality of spiral grooves 48 for the fuel flow which extend from the end of the needle shaft 36 to the lower boundary 49 of the end region 37, are introduced on the outer circumference of the end region 37.
  • the grooves 48 With the help of the grooves 48, the fuel flowing through them is mixed with a swirl component pressurized so that, among other things, improved atomization is achieved.
  • control of the fuel flow rate is possible.
  • the outer circumference of the end region 37 outside the grooves 48 can serve as the lower guide surface 50 of the valve needle 12 in the valve seat body 14 in addition to the upper guide surface 32.
  • the recess 38 has an opening width which is smaller than the diameter of the valve closing body 18.
  • the lower section 39b of the recess 38 is, for example, completely cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the section 39b approximately corresponds to the diameter of the valve closing body 18, so that it can be inserted without problems into the recess 38 up to the stop on the section 39a.
  • the valve closing body 18 is brought so far into the recess 38 that its equator 52, that is to say the region of the greatest radial extent, lies within the recess 38 and the lower boundary 49 of the end region 37 only follows further downstream.
  • valve closing body 18 is fastened in that the end region 37 forming an annular holding jaw in the region of the recess 38 is at least partially plastically deformed radially inward by a flanging tool, not shown, with an effective direction according to the arrows 54. Since the deformed region is only the immediate end of the end region 37, the recess 38 becomes, above all, downstream of the equator 52 of the valve closing body 18 is reduced in its opening width. The material of the end region 37 is displaced such that it engages around the spherical valve closing body 18 immediately below the equator 52.
  • the opening width of the recess 38 is subsequently smaller in the plane of the boundary 49 than the diameter of the valve closing body 18, as a result of which the valve closing body 18 does not slip out of the recess 38.
  • the end region 37 After engaging the flanging tool, the end region 37 has, for example, a lower conical boundary surface 55 which can be interrupted by the grooves 48.
  • valve needle 12 is e.g. only machined (ground) on their guide surfaces 32 and 50 and stop surfaces 33 after they have been flanged in order to ensure the desired shape and position tolerances with high accuracy. Small tolerance fluctuations advantageously enable stable functional data in the large-scale production of injection valves.

Claims (10)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour une installation d'injection de carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne comportant un axe longitudinal (10), un circuit électromagnétique (1, 2, 17), une aiguille (12) mobile axialement, ayant au moins un support métallique (17) pour l'organe d'obturation ainsi qu'un organe d'obturation (18) en forme de bille,
    le support (17) comportant une cavité (38) dans laquelle pénètre le corps de l'organe d'obturation (18) pour réaliser une liaison solidaire avec le support (17) et
    le support (17) de l'organe d'obturation ayant une zone d'extrémité (37) en aval qui s'étend dans la direction vers l'aval avec sa cavité (38) au-delà du plan équatorial (52) de l'organe d'obturation de soupape (18), alors que l'organe d'obturation (18) coopère avec un siège de soupape (15), fixe,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la liaison solidaire entre l'organe d'obturation de soupape (18) et le support (17) est réalisée par sertissage de la matière de la zone d'extrémité (37), refoulée directement en dessous du plan équatorial (52) vers l'organe d'obturation (18).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la cavité (38) est une ouverture en forme de perçage borgne dirigée suivant l'axe longitudinal (10) de l'injecteur, et qui possède un segment inférieur (39b) tourné vers le siège de soupape (15) et un segment supérieur (39a) à l'opposé du siège de soupape (15).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le segment supérieur (39a) est de forme conique et le segment inférieur (39b) de forme très largement cylindrique.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le segment supérieur (39a) constitue une butée pour l'organe d'obturation de soupape (18).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le degré d'ouverture de la cavité (38), au niveau de sa limite inférieure (49) de la zone d'extrémité (37), est inférieur au diamètre de l'organe d'obturation de soupape (18).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le support (17) est réalisé sous la forme d'une pièce forgée à froid.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    à la périphérie de la zone d'extrémité (37) du support (17) de l'organe d'obturation, on a des rainures en spirale (48) pour le passage du carburant.
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'une aiguille d'injecteur (12) notamment d'un injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au cours d'une première étape on réalise un support d'organe d'obturation (17) métallique muni d'une cavité (38) et un organe d'obturation (18) en forme de bille, puis on place l'organe d'obturation (18) dans la cavité (38) pour que la zone d'extrémité aval (37) du support (18) dépasse du plan équatorial (52) de l'organe d'obturation (18), et dans une étape suivante du procédé on déforme plastiquement le support de l'organe d'obturation (17) par un outil de sertissage (54), directement en dessous du plan équatorial (52) pour que par refoulement de matière, on ait une déformation plastique reliant l'organe d'obturation (18) solidairement au support (17) dans la cavité (38).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le support de l'organe d'obturation (17), métallique, est une pièce forgée à froid (pièce formée à froid).
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on effectue un usinage fin des surfaces de guidage (32, 50) et des surfaces de butée (33) de l'aiguille (12) de l'injecteur après le sertissage.
EP97951114A 1997-03-26 1997-12-11 Soupape d'injection de carburant et procede de production d'un pointeau d'une telle soupape Expired - Lifetime EP0904488B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712589A DE19712589C1 (de) 1997-03-26 1997-03-26 Brennstoffeinspritzventil und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Ventilnadel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils
DE19712589 1997-03-26
PCT/DE1997/002879 WO1998042975A1 (fr) 1997-03-26 1997-12-11 Soupape d'injection de carburant et procede de production d'un pointeau d'une telle soupape

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0904488A1 EP0904488A1 (fr) 1999-03-31
EP0904488B1 true EP0904488B1 (fr) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=7824610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97951114A Expired - Lifetime EP0904488B1 (fr) 1997-03-26 1997-12-11 Soupape d'injection de carburant et procede de production d'un pointeau d'une telle soupape

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6079642A (fr)
EP (1) EP0904488B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000511615A (fr)
DE (2) DE19712589C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998042975A1 (fr)

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DE19712589C1 (de) 1998-06-04
WO1998042975A1 (fr) 1998-10-01
DE59709237D1 (de) 2003-03-06
JP2000511615A (ja) 2000-09-05
US6079642A (en) 2000-06-27
EP0904488A1 (fr) 1999-03-31

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