EP0892106A1 - Safety rope for mountaineering - Google Patents

Abstract

A safety rope for mountain climbing has a core which consists of several core ropes (2). The core encases ≥ 1 hollow space (3) which extends over the whole length of the rope (1) and is filled by means of an elastic filling the body or filling material. The covering (4) encasing the rope core features a protective layer (5) which cannot be penetrated by dirt particles and consists of, e.g. silicone elastomer or polyurethane. The covering (4) is made, in part at least, of cut-resistant material, e.g. Dyneema (RTM) or Kevlar (RTM).

Description

The invention relates to a safety mountain rope with a rope core consisting of several core ropes.

The most common rope breaks are found on sharp edges (in Mountain sports, for example on sharp-edged rocks) or but for wrapping with a small wrapping radius (for example with nodes) instead. On the one hand, this is The fact that the rope material is not is sufficiently cut-resistant or excessive punctual forces act at the interface, on the other hand by the fact that the part of the rope facing away from the edge or at the outer part of the rope is essential is stretched more than that on the edge the one lying on the inside or the one inside a knot Part of the rope. In the more stretched outer rope bow the elongation at break is exceeded earlier than in the inner part of the rope bow. There at the moment of the rope break is only a part of that in the rope Support elements (fibers, yarns, threads, braids) to is claimed for elongation at break, which is practical measured tensile strength in the previously known ropes much smaller than the theoretically possible. This the latter can be calculated as the sum of the tensile forces of the individual supporting elements, taking into account of their geometric arrangement.

The object of the present invention is to create of a safety mountain rope, which these mentioned Disadvantages of the previous ropes does not have, i.e. which is essential for the same proportion of material increased tear resistance is achieved.

This task is achieved by means of a mountain rope 1 solved.

Appropriate further developments of the inventive Mountain ropes are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 10.

In the rope according to the invention, one or released several cavities with a compressible Filling material or packing are filled, so that the rope is extremely flattened on edges and at knots and can adapt to the surface. This will on the one hand the pressure distribution between rope and edge even, i.e. Pressure peaks are reduced, on the other hand, the stretch in the outer bow of the rope reduced, so that the elongation at break of the outermost layers reached in the rope arch at a later point in time if there are other supporting elements of the rope can be subjected to strain at break.

The invention based on the drawing for example explained.

Fig. 1 in vergrössertem Massstab eine perspektivische Ansicht einer beispielsweisen Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Bergseiles mit, zur besseren Sichtbarkeit, aufgetrenntem Querschnitt;

Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch das in Figur 1 dargestellte Bergseil; und

Fig.3 eine Aussenansicht auf einen Abschnitt des in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Bergseiles.

It shows:

1 on an enlarged scale, a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a mountain rope according to the invention with a cross section cut for better visibility;

Figure 2 shows a cross section through the mountain rope shown in Figure 1; and

3 shows an external view of a section of the mountain rope shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As can be seen from the drawing, this shows Mountain rope 1 a consisting of several core ropes 2 Rope core on, the core ropes 2 out Synthetic fibers, e.g. made of twisted or braided polyamide fibers, consist.

This rope core encloses you over the whole Long of the rope 1 extending cavity 3 in the Kind of a hose.

This cavity 3 is in the illustrated embodiment filled with rubber elastic or supported.

The entire rope core is in a known manner from one e.g. jacket made of braided material 4 enclosed, the latter on the inside with e.g. made of polyurethane or silicone elastomer existing, impermeable to dirt particles Protective layer 5 is provided.

The compressibility of the cavity 3 or the therein arranged packing is dimensioned so that the desired Volume decrease of the same only at the time occurs in which the rope is already heavily used is. The hollow rope 1 also has a normal one Rope tear (neither edge nor knot tear) a higher one Strength than a conventional rope. On the one hand the supporting elements of the rope core immediately before the tear by radial forces emanating from the jacket 4, strongly pressed together. This will be mutual Displacement of the individual support elements and thus the desired load balancing severely hindered. By the compressible cavity of the hollow rope, which the pressure gives way or yields, but is within the coat 4 space created so that the individual support elements 2 of the rope (fibers, yarns, threads, braids) can move each other more easily. This will Elongation at break and breaking load increased. On the other hand, you can the support elements in the jacket 4 and core 2 of the rope 1, which in the idle state of the rope e.g. a 45 ° angle form to the longitudinal axis of the rope when the volume of the rope core decreases align better in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rope. This increases the tensile strength of the rope 1 to, and particularly strongly at that point who is about to tear the rope, i.e. the Rope 1 strengthens at an impending tear point self.

The increase in the energy consumption of the rope 1 compared conventional rope constructions correspond to the compression work of the compressible cavity 3.

It is known from practice that the aging of a Seiles is primarily dependent on the pollution. A new mountain rope, e.g. Record 8 falls in accordance with UIAA can last after a few days of intensive use in the mountains or in the climbing garden only 2 to 3 falls from norms.

Larger and smaller dirt particles through the (mostly braided) sheath 4 in the core of the rope have penetrated, have the consequence that the individual Supporting elements of the rope (fibers, yarns, threads, Braids) immediately before the rope breaks can move relative to each other to the load distribute evenly over the individual supporting elements. At the time of the rope break, this is the load only distributed over a part of the available support elements, which results in the actual breaking load of the rope is much smaller than that theoretically possible.

In order to delay the aging of a rope, this can be done according to the invention Rope to be constructed so that in or under the cable sheath 4 one for dirt particles impermeable layer 5 (for example made of polyurethane) is installed, which the inner support elements 2 protects the rope 1 from contamination.

To increase the edge tensile strength of a rope 1, can additionally in the sheath 4 of the rope according to the invention a cut-resistant fiber (such as Dyneeman® or Kevlar®), which are incorporated Cutting through the jacket makes it much more difficult. There the elongation at break of cut-resistant fibers because of the high Orientation of the molecules is much lower than that of the rest of the rope material, the cut-resistant Fiber, for example mixed with a soft Fiber like a polyamide fiber, in the form of a twisted Thread or used in textured form.

The rope is often used when climbing in the mountains "climbed out", i.e. used in full length. Around assess whether the next good level will be achieved can, the climber always asks the belayer again according to the rope length still available. If that Rope, for example, calibrated in double meters, i.e. is provided with appropriate markings, the available rope length specified with great accuracy become. Such a "length calibration" also results the advantage that the rope 1 based on this Markings at any time for a possible overextension can be checked.

In the rope 1 according to the invention, the length dimension of the Rope are color-coded by e.g. different colored and alternating successive Length ranges 6 and 7 (see Fig. 3) be provided, for example, 1 or 2m in length can.

As an addition, you can also, for example, at the beginning and end an avalanche search probe of the rope, e.g. after the preserved RECCO® system can be inserted into rope 1. There is always a person in these places.

So far, there is no rope whose condition is related to Exposure to dirt, overextension, exposure to light, exposure to heat etc. reliably read on a scale can be.

Corresponding indicators can be used in the rope according to the invention be installed, their optical changes show the condition of the rope.

Using a supplied scale, you can Changes are quantified. This enables Take the rope out of operation before the setpoints be undercut.

Claims (9)

1. Safety mountain rope with a core consisting of several core ropes (2), characterized in that the latter encloses at least one cavity (3) extending over the entire length of the rope (1), and the latter by means of at least one elastic filling material or -body is filled. 2. Mountain rope according to claim 1, characterized in that, seen in the radial direction of the rope (1), the elastic deformability of the filling material or body at a certain radial force is at least 30% greater than that of the core rope material. 3. Mountain rope according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavity (3) is filled by means of foam or at least one elastic tube extending in the longitudinal direction of the rope. 4. Mountain rope according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rope core is enclosed by a rope sheath (4) which on its inside or outside or inside it, for example made of polyurethane or silicone elastomer, impermeable to dirt particles, protective layer ( 5). 5. Mountain rope according to claim 4, characterized in that the rope sheath (4) is at least partially constructed of cut-resistant material, such as Dyneema® or Kevlar®, such that the elongation of the rope sheath (4) is at least as great as the elongation of the core ropes (2) is. 6. Mountain rope according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rope over its entire length at regular intervals on its outside, for example at 2 m intervals, with preferably along its outer circumference markings or marked areas (6,7) is provided. 7. Mountain rope according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is preferably provided at its beginning and end with incorporated avalanche search probes (8). 8. Mountain rope according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it with indicators for its aging factors such as a) dirt: coat yarn in a bright, brilliant color or white, b) Overstretching: superficial sheath coloration, which in the case of irreversible stretching gives rise to a non-colored sheath or core material, or profile fibers which change the light emission in the event of irreversible stretching, c) exposure: sheath yarn containing a dye with low light fastness, and d) overheating: sheath yarn dyed with a thermotropic dye, as used for example in thermal papers, is provided. 10. Mountain rope according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cavity cross-sectional area is 4 to 50%, preferably 20 to 35%, of the total rope cross-sectional area.

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