Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
  • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
  • C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/223—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin oxidised

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of polycarboxy polysaccharides in detergent compositions.
• Detergent compositions contain a builder to neutralise the effect of water hardness, dissolution of soil and the like.
• phosphate is an effective builder, its use is undesired for environmental reasons.
• Zeolites have largely replaced phosphates as builder.
• they require the presence of a cobuilder which prevents the redeposition of soil and the precipitation of calcium carbonate, and improves whiteness of the washed laundry.
• Synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylates have found extensive use as cobuilders, but they are poorly biodegradable. Thus there is need for biodegradable and yet effective cobuilder materials for use in textile washing compositions, dish-washing compositions and the like.
• EP-A-755944 discloses a method for the production of oxidising maltodextrins having a DE (dextrose equivalent) between 2 and 20, especially a DE of 11-14, using oxygen or hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions in the absence of a catalyst followed by bleaching. This oxidation results in conversion of the reducing end groups in arabinonic acid groups.
• the product can be used as a cobuilder in detergent compositions wherein it improves whiteness and reduces inorganic incrustation, or as a binder or thickening agent.
• dicarboxylic polysaccharides such as dicarboxy starch and dicarboxy amylodextrins as a calcium sequestering agent has been described in various documents, e.g. Kohn and Tihlárik, Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun . 49 (1984) 2116, EP-A-427349 and NL-A-8802907.
• the polysaccharides to be oxidised according to the invention are primarily starch and starch derivatives such as hydrolysed starch and carboxymethyl starch.
• Other glucans such as cellulose derivatives, and 1,3-glucans or 1,6-glucans can also be used.
• Another class of suitable polysaccharides are fructans (e.g. inulin), which can be used with molecular weights from about 240 upwards, especially 500-12,000, most preferably 1600-5000, and pentosans, such as xylans (hemicellulose), e.g. from waste carbohydrates.
• the degree of oxidation is preferably from 0.12 to 0.6, preferably from 0.2 to 0.55.
• the oxidised polysaccharides are preferably obtained by treatment of the polysaccharide (e.g. starch) with a hypochlorite solution at pH 7.5-10, especially at pH 8-9, the hypochlorite being added gradually in order to be able to maintain the pH more or less constant by addition of a base.
• the reaction temperature can be e.g. between 0 and 40 °C, especially at ambient temperature.
• the oxidised product can be isolated by known techniques, including ethanol precipitation and freeze-drying. Such precipitation has the advantage of removing products that have excessive degrees of oxidation.
• C2-C3 oxidation of glucans or C3-C4 oxidation in fructans
• oxidation with periodate cf. WO 95/12619 or Nieuwenhuizen et al, Starch/Stärke , 37 (1985) 192-200
• chlorite oxidation e.g. oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of acetylated polysaccharides, or oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of copper and magnesium or other oxidation catalysts.
• Combinations of oxidation processes may also be used.
• a hydrolysis step (acid or enzymatic) may precede or follow the oxidation step.
• the invention also pertains to detergent compositions containing a polycarboxy polysaccharide as described above as a cobuilder, anti-redeposition agent and/or soil dispersant.
• the composition contains 0.5-5 wt.% of the cobuilder prepared according to the invention, and further a detergent (12-25, especially 16-20 wt.%), a zeolite or silicate builder (15-30, especially 20-28 wt.%), a carboxylate such as sodium citrate (3-5 wt.%), a bleaching agent such as sodium perborate (10-20 wt.%), a catalyst such as TAED (3-4 wt.%), and optional further components such as enzymes (about 1-2 %: amylases, proteases), foaming or defoaming agents, odorants and the like.
• Starch was oxidised generally according to Floor, "Oxidation of maltodextrins and starch with alkaline sodium hypochlorite", Thesis, Chapter 6, Delft (NL), 198.., as follows: 75 g of starch was suspended in 250 ml water. The pH was adjusted to 8.5. The appropriate amount of sodium hypochlorite solution (4% or 16% active chlorine) was added at a rate of 10 ml/min for the first half hour and 20 ml/min afterwards for 4 % Cl 2 (2.5 and 5 ml/min, respectively, for 15% Cl 2 ) at ambient temperature. The pH was maintained at 8.5 by the addition of 5 M NaOH.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (4)

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Citations (8)

• 1997
  • 1997-07-15 EP EP97202196A patent/EP0892041A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-07-15 WO PCT/NL1998/000409 patent/WO1999003961A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-07-15 AU AU84659/98A patent/AU8465998A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-07-15 EP EP98935395A patent/EP1002036A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-07-15 JP JP2000503169A patent/JP2001510232A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-07-15 CA CA002295481A patent/CA2295481A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

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