EP0891237B1 - Stranggussverfahren von metallen und kokille zur durchführung dieses verfahrens - Google Patents

Stranggussverfahren von metallen und kokille zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0891237B1
EP0891237B1 EP97919470A EP97919470A EP0891237B1 EP 0891237 B1 EP0891237 B1 EP 0891237B1 EP 97919470 A EP97919470 A EP 97919470A EP 97919470 A EP97919470 A EP 97919470A EP 0891237 B1 EP0891237 B1 EP 0891237B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
metal
mould
heat flux
intensity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97919470A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0891237A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marc Jolivet
Eric Perrin
Cosimo Salaris
Jacques Spiquel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
Sollac SA
Ugitech SA
Sogepass
Ascometal France Holding SAS
Original Assignee
Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
Ascometal SA
Sollac SA
Ugine Savoie Imphy SA
Sogepass
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA, Ascometal SA, Sollac SA, Ugine Savoie Imphy SA, Sogepass, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Forges et Acieries de Dilling SA
Publication of EP0891237A1 publication Critical patent/EP0891237A1/de
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Publication of EP0891237B1 publication Critical patent/EP0891237B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/0401—Moulds provided with a feed head

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to continuous casting metals, especially steel.
  • the continuous casting operation consists schematically, as we know, to pour a metal into fusion in an ingot mold, essentially constituted a bottomless tubular element defining a passage for cast metal, but with copper walls (more generally made of copper alloy), are energetically cooled by circulation of water, and which we also continuously extract a product already externally solidified. Solidification progresses then towards the product axis and ends during the lowering of the latter downstream of the mold in the so-called "secondary cooling" zone under the effect of water sprinklers.
  • the product obtained (bloom, billet or slab) is then cut to length, then laminated before shipment to customers or processing on site, in bars, wires, profiles, plates, sheets, etc.
  • the molten metal spilled in an ingot mold, forms a solid film at its free surface as soon as it comes into contact with the walls cooled metal molds.
  • This film is dragged down during the extraction of the product by a jerky movement punctuated by oscillations vertical of the mold.
  • its thickness growing due to continued heat extraction produced by the walls of the mold.
  • this film is solidifying around the entire perimeter of the internal wall of the ingot mold and constituting a solid ring susceptible to contract due to the cooling undergone during its descent into the mold.
  • the thermal contraction of solid skin is all the more important as the heat extraction is strong and that the cast metal has a natural tendency to contract during cooling, for example by solid phase change at the end of solidification, as is particularly the case for steel grades with low or medium carbon or stainless steel.
  • This perimeter contraction tends to cause a separation of the solidified skin from the wall of the mold, and therefore a decrease in the exchange thermal because the contact of said skin with cold walls is degraded.
  • This separation is generally uneven depending on the perimeter of the skin solidified, which is a source of surface defects on the final product obtained.
  • an ingot mold called of continuous casting under load, comprising an extension thermal insulation intended to contain the cast metal maintained in the liquid state, and an insert located between the cooled wall of the mold and the so-called enhancer.
  • the insert is intended to inject, at the base of the enhancer, a lubricant and a gas intended to ensure that the solidified skin of the cast product is well formed precisely from the top edge of the wall cooled, and not in contact with the insert, which is by elsewhere cooled and may have an insulating coating to prevent the cast metal from solidifying at its contact.
  • the document EP 0 620 062 also shows a ingot mold with insulating extension, and comprising holes for the injection of gas intended for shearing any solidification crust formed on contact of the enhancement.
  • the object of the present invention is to resolve the problems indicated above and is particularly aimed at obtain a cast product having a very good quality of surface, ensuring effective reduction of flow thermal extract during the formation and the beginning of the growth of the solidified film, and avoiding in particular the harmful effect of fluctuations in the level of the free surface of the liquid metal in an ingot mold.
  • the invention relates to a process of the type described in FR-A-2,067,289, for continuous casting of molten metals, especially steel, in an ingot mold with walls energetically cooled metallic extending substantially vertically and defining a passage for the cast metal, and ensuring over their entire height heat flux extraction from the cast metal causing a cooling and a progressive solidification of the said metal, process by which the intensity of the flux is reduced thermal extracted near the level where the said metal begins to solidify on contact with said walls, characterized in that one places above said walls metallic elements thermally enhanced insulating and, during casting, the level of the free surface of the metal cast inside the said enhances, and in that we inject at the level of this heightening, and preferably at least at its end lower, a gas emerging in jets distributed over the inside circumference of the mold.
  • the free surface of the liquid metal bath (the meniscus) is located in the enhances.
  • the solidified metal film does not begins to form regularly only from the edge metal walls, thanks to the blowing the purging gas at the base of the riser which helps to separate this regular solidification desired on the cooled metal part of any parasitic local solidifications which can occur on the refractory part.
  • the solidification of the metal casting begins only a certain distance from the meniscus.
  • the area where this solidification begins is therefore almost perfectly flat, horizontal, and not subject to the fluctuations or disturbances which agitate inevitably the free surface of the bath.
  • the solid ring constituted by the skin of first solidification is therefore geometrically perfectly regular, and its continuous renewal is also almost perfectly regular, as well as the growth of this solidified skin, as the descent of the cast product.
  • the cast metal does not initiate its solidification in the enhancement, there is not at this level metal contraction.
  • the latter remains in contact with the wall of the riser and prevents infiltration of slag between the metal and the said wall.
  • the ferrostatic pressure of the metal liquid due to the height of this metal contained in the enhances, tends to oppose this spacing and therefore to maintain said skin pressed against the surface of metal walls, and this uniformly throughout the inner periphery of the mold, because the thickness and solidification of the skin is also uniform on this periphery.
  • the heat extraction carried out in the part upper metal walls can be realized also uniformly all around the product, avoiding localized detachments and resulting sub-thicknesses of solid skin, and the intensity of the heat flux extracted in the area of beginning of solidification perhaps ensured very uniformly around the entire perimeter of the passage defined by metal walls.
  • the intensity of the flow is reduced thermal extract over an area of predetermined height at from the lower edge of the said riser, without however, significantly change the amount of heat overall extracted by the ingot mold.
  • This limited height thus ensures a reduction in the heat flux extracted in the area where the solid metal skin forms, and avoids also the effect of removal and detachment of the skin from metal observed in the art casting process prior.
  • said zone has an increasing heat flux extraction capacity of the top to bottom.
  • reducing the flow thermal extract gradually decreases down the ingot mold, over an area of greater height. This allows a reduction of the extracted heat flux, in the area where this reduction is carried out, even more stronger than in the previous case, due to the height superior of this area but also to ensure a sort progressiveness in the variation of heat flux extract, between the enhancement where the said extracted flow is the as low as possible, and the metal part cooled of the mold where extraction is sought maximum heat flux.
  • the invention also relates to an ingot mold for continuous casting of the type described in FR-A-2,067,289, having metal walls extending substantially vertically and defining a passage for metal sunk and internal cooling means of said walls arranged to provide cooling energetic said walls over substantially their entire height, said walls being provided in their part superior means to reduce the intensity of the flow thermal caused by said cooling means and passing through their internal surface defining the said passage, characterized in that it comprises a extension in thermally insulating material placed at the above said metal walls and extending them upwards, and means for injecting a gas leading to the inner periphery of the mold, at level of the riser and preferably at the end lower than this one just above the metal walls.
  • the said ways to reduce the intensity of the heat flux are formed by a layer of a metal having a thermal conductivity lower than that of metal constituting the walls, the said metal layer being by example consisting of nickel, deposited by a process of electroplating, on copper or copper alloy constituting the walls of the mold.
  • said layer is located above the walls, and therefore between them and the refractory component of the riser, and its thickness can be for example of the order of a millimeter.
  • said layer extends in more on the inside of the metal walls cooled, to a height which can then be the order of a few centimeters.
  • the little metal layer conductor then forms a thermal barrier between the solidified skin of cast metal and very good metal thermal conductor of the mold walls.
  • the so-called ways to reduce the intensity of the heat flux are formed by grooves extending substantially vertically made on the internal surface of said walls.
  • the so-called grooves are filled at least partially with a material with thermal conductivity less than that of the metal constituting the walls.
  • the mold shown in Figure 1 has metallic walls 1 cooled, in a manner known in itself, by an internal circulation of water, which form a tubular body and define a vertical passage for cast steel 2.
  • the upper part of these walls metallic is preferably made up of a element independent of their lower part, by example in the form of an annular part 3, also in copper or copper alloy and has a circuit its own cooling, schematized by the water circulation channel 4.
  • Such an annular part 3 can be replaced more easily and cheaply than if the walls were formed in one piece over the whole the height.
  • a layer 6 of electrolytic nickel is produced, of a thickness for example 1.5 mm.
  • the height is for example 40 mm, is arranged a thermally insulating extension 7 comprising a part upper 8 in highly insulating refractory, with a height 200 mm for example, and a lower part 9 in one refractory material possibly less insulating but with better mechanical resistance, for example the material known under the designation SILLON, and having for example a thickness of 20 mm.
  • a thermally insulating extension 7 comprising a part upper 8 in highly insulating refractory, with a height 200 mm for example, and a lower part 9 in one refractory material possibly less insulating but with better mechanical resistance, for example the material known under the designation SILLON, and having for example a thickness of 20 mm.
  • the SILLON 9 is formed a space forming a slot 10 of low height, for example by a few 1/10 mm, this slot opening out the internal surface of the mold over all its perimeter, and also being connected to a source 110 inert gas under pressure, such as argon, schematically shown in the figure.
  • a source 110 inert gas under pressure such as argon
  • Liquid metal ingot mold feeding is produced by a nozzle 11, of known type, comprising lateral openings 12, located at the refractory riser 7, for example about halfway up of its upper part 8.
  • the level of the free surface 13 liquid steel is held between the top edge of the riser 7 and the gills 12, so that these gills are immersed in the liquid steel bath 2. So classic, the said free surface is covered by a slag layer 13.
  • the skin 21 solid steel begins to form at the edge upper layer of nickel 6 and, due to the cooling caused by the metal walls of the ingot mold, gradually thickens downward, being of course this skin actually moves continuously down with product extraction sunk, and is also continuously renewed by solidification of the liquid steel coming into contact with the nickel layer 6.
  • Feeding argon under pressure through the slot 10 creates gas jets, substantially perpendicular to the internal surface of the walls of the mold, which are used to break up any solidification primers that could occur on contact with the party lower 9 of the riser, so as to ensure that the said skin 21 begins to solidify all over perimeter in the same horizontal plane, located exactly at the level of the upper edge 14 of the layer of nickel 6.
  • FIG. 2 represents the variation of the extracted heat flow ⁇ , as a function of the vertical distance d from this edge 14.
  • the curve in solid line 22 represents the extracted flow in the case of the use of the ingot mold of the invention shown in Figure 1, while the dotted curve 23 represents for comparison the heat flux which would be extracted in the absence of the nickel layer 6, ie if the solid skin 21 began to form in direct contact with copper of the upper part 3.
  • the extracted flux is reduced, this reduction in flux possibly being able to continue over a few millimeters below said layer of nickel, but without appreciably influencing the overall flux extracted by the assembly of the annular part 3.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the mold, the same marks as those of the figure 1 being used to designate elements correspondents.
  • a layer 15 of additional nickel is deposited on the side surface 16 inside of the annular part 3, this part annular being machined before depositing nickel so that, after this layer 15 has been formed, the internal surface 17 thereof remains substantially coplanar and in the extension of the internal surface from the bottom of the mold.
  • the thickness of the nickel layer 15 gradually decreases from top to bottom on the height of the annular part 3.
  • Figure 5 shows schematically in perspective a portion of the top of a ingot mold wall according to another embodiment, in which vertical grooves 31 are made on the internal face 32 of the annular part 3, as is see, shown on an enlarged scale, in Figure 6.
  • the grooves 31 can have for example a depth and 0.2 mm wide and be spaced from each other 1.5 mm.
  • the invention is not limited to the different variants that have been described above only at as an example.
  • a non-conductive coating metal other than nickel it is preferable, to reduce the costs of maintenance, achieve reduction of heat flow extracted at the level of a superior room independent of lower parts constituting the walls of the ingot mold, the different embodiments described above could also be implemented directly on said metal walls only over a limited height from their edges superiors.
  • a resistance electric heater for example in the form of a graphite tape 71 (PAPYER type (registered trademark) or SIGRAFLER (registered trademark)), which can be folded, without risk of breaking it, in order to wrap it around the passage cast metal 2 (see Figure 9).
  • This heating tape 71 can be molded into the refractory of the riser or preferably placed in an annular groove 72 dug at this effect in the enhancement, which is then achieved by example in two parts 73, 74 superimposed. Therefore, if care is taken to choose a gas for sweeping gas inert, like argon, no oxidation problem the graphite heating resistance is not encountered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zum Stranggiessen von schmelzflüssigen Metallen, insbesondere von Stahl, in eine Kokille, welche heftig gekühlte metallische Wände (1) aufweist, die sich im wesentlichen in senkrechter Richtung erstrecken und einen Durchlass für das gegossene Metall bilden, wobei über ihre gesamte Höhe eine Abfuhr des Wärmeflusses des gegossenen Metalls gewährleistet ist, die eine Abkühlung und eine zunehmende Erstarrung des Metalls (2) hervorruft und wobei die Intensität des abgeführten Wärmeflusses in der Nähe der Höhe verringert wird, an der das Metall zu erstarren beginnt bei Berührung mit den Wänden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb der gekühlten metallischen Wände ein thermisch isolierender Aufsatz (7) angeordnet wird, wobei während des Giessens die Höhe der freien Oberfläche des gegossenen Metalls (2) im Inneren des Aufsatzes beibehalten wird und dass auf Höhe des Aufsatzes (7) und wenigstens auf Höhe seines unteren Randes ein Gas eingeblasen wird, das in der Kokille in Form von Gasstrahlen austritt, die entlang des gesamten Innenumfangs des Durchlasses verteilt sind.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Intensität des abgeführten Wärmeflusses über einen Bereich vorgegebener Höhe verringert wird, wobei dieser Bereich eine Abfuhrkapazität des Wärmeflusses aufweist, die im wesentlichen über seine gesamte Höhe konstant ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Intensität des abgeführten Wärmeflusses über einen Bereich vorgegebener Höhe verringert wird, wobei dieser Bereich eine Abfuhrkapazität des Wärmeflusses aufweist, die von oben nach unten zunimmt.
  4. Stranggusskokille mit metallischen Wänden (1, 3), die sich im wesentlichen in senkrechter Richtung erstrecken und einen Durchlaß für das gegossene Metall (2) bilden und mit einer inneren Kühlanordnung für die Wände, die derart angeordnet ist, dass eine heftige Kühlung der Wände über im wesentlichen ihre gesamte Höhe gewährleistet ist, wobei die Wände in ihrem oberen Abschnitt mit einer Anordnung (6, 15, 31) versehen sind zur Verringerung der Intensität des Wärmeflusses, der durch die Kühlanordnung hervorgerufen wird und die Seitenfläche der Wände durchsetzt, wobei die Kokille dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie einen Aufsatz (7) aus einem thermisch isolierenden Material aufweist, der oberhalb der metallischen Wände angeordnet ist und diese nach oben verlängert und dass sie eine Einblasanordnung (10) aufweist, um auf Höhe des Aufsatzes und wenigstens auf Höhe seines unteren Randes ein unter Druck stehendes Gas einzublasen, das in der Kokille in Form von Strahlen mündet, die über den gesamten Umfang des Durchlasses verteilt sind.
  5. Kokille nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung zur Verringerung der Intensität des Wärmeflusses aus einer Schicht (6, 15) eines Metalls mit einer thermischen Leitfähigkeit besteht, die kleiner als diejenige des Metalls ist, aus dem die Wände (1, 3) bestehen.
  6. Kokille nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht (6) oberhalb der Wände (3) angeordnet ist.
  7. Kokille nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht (15) sich über die Innenseite (16) der Wände (3) erstreckt.
  8. Kokille nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke der Schicht (15) von oben nach unten abnimmt.
  9. Kokille nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung zur Verringerung der Intensität des Wärmeflusses aus Rillen (31) besteht, die sich im wesentlichen in senkrechter Richtung erstrecken und auf der Innenfläche (32) der Wände (3) ausgebildet sind.
  10. Kokille nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rillen (31) wenigstens teilweise mit einem Material (33) gefüllt sind, das eine thermische Leitfähigkeit aufweist, die kleiner als diejenige des Metalls ist, aus dem die Wände bestehen.
  11. Kokille nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Heizanordnung durch einen elektrischen Widerstand (71) im Aufsatz (7) eingesetzt ist.
EP97919470A 1996-04-05 1997-04-03 Stranggussverfahren von metallen und kokille zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0891237B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9604302A FR2747059B1 (fr) 1996-04-05 1996-04-05 Procede de coulee continue des metaux et lingotiere pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR9604302 1996-04-05
PCT/FR1997/000595 WO1997037794A1 (fr) 1996-04-05 1997-04-03 Procede de coulee continue des metaux et lingotiere pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0891237A1 EP0891237A1 (de) 1999-01-20
EP0891237B1 true EP0891237B1 (de) 2000-12-27

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EP97919470A Expired - Lifetime EP0891237B1 (de) 1996-04-05 1997-04-03 Stranggussverfahren von metallen und kokille zur durchführung dieses verfahrens

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EP (1) EP0891237B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4058561B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100447466B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE198285T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2392997A (de)
BR (1) BR9708509A (de)
CA (1) CA2250786C (de)
DE (1) DE69703793T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0891237T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2154900T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2747059B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3035596T3 (de)
PT (1) PT891237E (de)
WO (1) WO1997037794A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106735000A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2017-05-31 东北大学 一种三层包覆铸锭的半连铸装置及方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1012626A3 (fr) * 1999-04-23 2001-01-09 Ct De Rech S Metallurg Asbl Ve Dispositif pour fabriquer des produits plats par la coulee continue en charge verticale d'un metal en fusion.
US7000676B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-02-21 Alcoa Inc. Controlled fluid flow mold and molten metal casting method for improved surface

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE758996A (fr) * 1969-11-14 1971-04-30 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Lingotiere de coulee continue pour la coulee d'un metal, en particulierde l'acier
JPS5937140B2 (ja) * 1980-03-26 1984-09-07 住友軽金属工業株式会社 ホツトトツプ鋳造装置
JPS6192756A (ja) * 1984-10-12 1986-05-10 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 鋳片表面割れ防止連続鋳造法および鋳型
DE3528649A1 (de) * 1985-08-09 1987-02-19 Schloemann Siemag Ag Vertikal- oder bogenstranggiessanlage fuer stahl
JPH01289542A (ja) * 1987-12-29 1989-11-21 Nkk Corp 鋼の連続鋳造用鋳型
FR2704786B3 (fr) * 1993-03-30 1995-03-10 Lorraine Laminage Procédé de coulée continue en charge des métaux, notamment de l'acier, et lingotière pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.
FR2703609B3 (fr) * 1993-03-30 1995-02-10 Lorraine Laminage Procédé de coulée continue en charge des métaux et lingotière pour sa mise en Óoeuvre.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106735000A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2017-05-31 东北大学 一种三层包覆铸锭的半连铸装置及方法
CN106735000B (zh) * 2016-11-14 2018-10-23 东北大学 一种三层包覆铸锭的半连铸装置及方法

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CA2250786C (fr) 2004-06-22
ATE198285T1 (de) 2001-01-15
FR2747059B1 (fr) 1998-06-12
DK0891237T3 (da) 2001-05-07
ES2154900T3 (es) 2001-04-16
BR9708509A (pt) 1999-08-03
PT891237E (pt) 2001-06-29
JP4058561B2 (ja) 2008-03-12
DE69703793D1 (de) 2001-02-01
CA2250786A1 (fr) 1997-10-16
WO1997037794A1 (fr) 1997-10-16
JP2000508243A (ja) 2000-07-04
EP0891237A1 (de) 1999-01-20
GR3035596T3 (en) 2001-06-29
DE69703793T2 (de) 2001-07-12
KR100447466B1 (ko) 2004-10-15
KR20000005257A (ko) 2000-01-25
AU2392997A (en) 1997-10-29
FR2747059A1 (fr) 1997-10-10

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