EP0889446A2 - Appareil pour la reconnaissance de documents - Google Patents

Appareil pour la reconnaissance de documents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0889446A2
EP0889446A2 EP98304999A EP98304999A EP0889446A2 EP 0889446 A2 EP0889446 A2 EP 0889446A2 EP 98304999 A EP98304999 A EP 98304999A EP 98304999 A EP98304999 A EP 98304999A EP 0889446 A2 EP0889446 A2 EP 0889446A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
read
radiation
documents
document
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98304999A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0889446A3 (fr
Inventor
Gary A. Ross
Sheik Meeran
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NCR International Inc
Original Assignee
NCR International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NCR International Inc filed Critical NCR International Inc
Publication of EP0889446A2 publication Critical patent/EP0889446A2/fr
Publication of EP0889446A3 publication Critical patent/EP0889446A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
    • G07D7/0043—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using barcodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to document recognition apparatus. It is concerned with the automatic recognition of banknotes and like documents.
  • ATMs Automatic teller machines which dispense banknotes to bank customers after a customer validation procedure are in world-wide use. It is desirable that such machines not only dispense banknotes but are also adapted to be capable of receiving, recognising and validating banknotes and as a result become able to accept banknotes fed to them by bank customers and thus to recycle them.
  • apparatus for automatically recognising banknotes and like documents comprises document transport means for transporting such documents in succession past a reading station, radiation generator means for generating radiation and directing such generated radiation onto each successive document as it passes the reading station, and electronic read means for reading any information encoded on the document in machine readable form and which is responsive to such radiation.
  • the radiation generator means is positioned to transmit radiation through each document as it passes the reading station
  • the electronic read means is positioned to receive radiation emitted from such document
  • the transport means is arranged to pass documents between the radiation generator means and the electronic read means.
  • the electronic read means may be sensitive to light of a different predetermined wavelength to the generated radiation, which generated radiation may be in the ultra-violet region of the radiation spectrum.
  • the said predetermined wavelength may be the emission wavelength of fluorescent ink with which documents to be read have code markings printed thereon, the fluorescent ink being sensitive to the ultra-violet radiation.
  • Documents to be read are likely in practice to be rectangular and have a pair of longer edges and a pair of shorter edges and the transport means is preferably adapted to orientate the documents so that either one of a predetermined pair of edges is the leading edge.
  • a plurality of reading stations are preferably provided so positioned as to be able to read encoded information irrespective of which way up a document faces and irrespective of which of the edges of the predetermined pair is the leading edge.
  • a learning system which learns from the information encoded on the documents which can be read by the read means so as to identify banknotes and similar documents. This has the advantage of reducing the complexity of the algorithm required to undertake the task which reduces the recognition time.
  • Fig. 1 there is shown therein in diagrammatic form the front face 1 of a typical banknote as issued by a Scottish banknote issuing bank.
  • coded information is printed in invisible ink which is fluorescent under ultra-violet radiation. The wavelength of the fluorescence peaks at 530nm in the green region of visible light.
  • the coded information is printed in the form of a 13 element barcode with each bar 2mm by 26mm wide. The code is duplicated in two regions 2 and 3.
  • the two regions 2 and 3 are positioned relative to centre lines parallel to the shorter and longer edges of the notes respectively so that the codes can be equally well read whether the leading edge of a note is a shorter or a longer edge.
  • Each bar is either a "1" (fluorescent green) or a "0" (no fluorescence).
  • a reading station 4 for reading the encoded information printed on a banknote as shown in Fig. 1 is illustrated in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b.
  • Reading station 4 includes an ultra-violet tube 5 positioned to shine ultra-violet light onto a banknote 1 while it is being carried past the reading station by suitable transport means.
  • suitable transport means An example of suitable transport means will be described below and is shown in Figs 4a and 4b.
  • the transport means is arranged to move banknotes with a long edge leading and tube 5 is wide enough to ensure that ultra-violet light shines across the whole width of a banknote as it passes the reading station.
  • Any fluorescent ink markings on banknote 1 emit light, and as mentioned above with reference to Fig. 1, the barcode markings on Scottish banknotes emit green light at wavelengths which peak at around 530nm.
  • Read means 6 is provided at reading station 4.
  • Read means 6 is positioned on the opposite side of a note passing through reading station 4 to tube 5 and immediately above tube 5.
  • a magnified view of read means 6 is shown in Fig. 2c.
  • Read means 6 comprises a plate 7 in which there is a housing 8 containing a photodiode 9 selected to have a peak response at around 550nm, close to the peak frequency of the fluorescent emission from banknote 1.
  • Housing 8 includes a lmm wide slot 10 through which light from banknote 1 passes to reach photodiode 9.
  • an interference filter 13 shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3 is provided in front of the photodiode to reduce the level of infra-red and low blue signals reaching diode 9.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of two reading stations 4 and 4' positioned to read a barcode on a banknote 1 with a longer edge leading in all its possible orientations.
  • Reading station 4 is provided with an ultra-violet lamp 5 backed by a reflector 12. Facing lamp 5 there is provided a read means (read means 6 in Figs. 2a and 2b) including a photodiode 9 and a filter 13.
  • a further read means is positioned in line with read means 6 but will not be visible in Fig. 3. (The further read means is shown in Figs.
  • Reading station 4' is identical in all respects with reading station 4 but is positioned the opposite way up so as to be able to read bar codes on those banknotes that pass through the apparatus with their faces the opposite way. In this way it is possible to ensure that a barcode on a banknote is read irrespective of its orientation, provided that a longer edge leads. If a shorter edge leads then a further four orientations are possible and two further reading stations, each having two read means will be required.
  • Reading station 4 has been described and illustrated as having a light source positioned on one side of note 1 and read means positioned on the opposite side of note 1 so that note 1 passes between them. However it is also possible to have the light source and the read means both positioned on the same side of a note as it passes a reading station.
  • Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b show banknote transport means used to carry banknotes past a reading station.
  • the transport means has four tension-controlled drive belts 21, 22, 23 and 24.
  • Drive belts 21 and 22 are above the path of the notes and drive belts 23 and 24 are below.
  • Belt 24 is not visible in the figures.
  • Upper belt 21 passes over wheels 25, 26 and 27 located on shafts 28, 29 and 30 that extend across the unit.
  • Lower belt 23 passes over wheels 31, 32 and 33 located on shafts (not shown) which are underneath shafts 28, 29 and 30.
  • Upper belt 22 passes over wheels which are also located on respective shafts 28, 29 and 30 but spaced apart along their respective shafts from wheels 25, 26 and 27.
  • Lower belt 24 is positioned below upper belt 22 and is identical to lower belt 23 but is spaced laterally therefrom.
  • the various shafts are driven by gears which are connected through a drive train to a source of motive power (not shown).
  • Shafts 29 and 32 are spring loaded to maintain tension in the belts.
  • signals received from a photodiode at a reading station are divided serially into 13 equal segments corresponding to the 13 digit bar code printed on the banknotes and each segment is digitised by being applied to a threshold unit.
  • Signals above a threshold are digitised as '1's and signals below the threshold are digitised as '0's.
  • '1's For clean valid notes this is sufficient to provide a signal corresponding to one of the codes set out in Table 1 and thus to give an indication of their face value and issuing bank.
  • the apparatus is required to respond to old and dirty notes. In such cases the '1's may be obliterated by dirt or degradation of the fluorescence and be translated as '0's.
  • a neural network may be used to process the output signals from the read means.
  • a back error propagation architecture neural network is illustrated in Fig. 5. It comprises a number of nodes arranged in layers.
  • a three-layer neural network is used, comprising an input layer 51, a middle layer 52 and an output layer 53.
  • the number of nodes in the input layer corresponds to the number of inputs.
  • two nodes are provided in middle layer 52, but this number can be increases or decreased as required.
  • the output layer 53 the number of nodes corresponds to the number of different classes of output that are required.
  • output layer 53 has four nodes provided, but this is purely by way of illustration.
  • the number of input nodes in the above example was 13, with each input node receiving one segment of the thirteen segments into which the read signal is divided.
  • the inputs to the respective nodes will correspond, for a perfectly read signal from a valid £20 note, to one of the digits of the code set out in Table 1 for that kind of note.
  • a middle layer of four nodes was used and, as mentioned above, there were six output nodes.
  • the network was initially started with the nodes having random weightings and thresholds and with known kinds of £20 note fed in.
  • the weightings were adjusted by a back-propagation method in which firstly the output nodes and then the middle nodes were adjusted to reduce the error.
  • This back-propagation 'learning' method can be controlled by suitable software.
  • suitable software In practice it has been found that the barcodes of forged banknotes are sufficiently different from genuine notes to enable them to be distinguished therefrom by a suitably taught neural network.
  • additional sensors to detect parameters other than barcode fluorescence can be provided for forgery detection. Such sensors can be positioned either before or after the barcode reading stations.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
EP98304999A 1997-07-04 1998-06-25 Appareil pour la reconnaissance de documents Withdrawn EP0889446A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9714083.4A GB9714083D0 (en) 1997-07-04 1997-07-04 Document recognition apparatus
GB9714083 1997-07-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0889446A2 true EP0889446A2 (fr) 1999-01-07
EP0889446A3 EP0889446A3 (fr) 1999-01-13

Family

ID=10815341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98304999A Withdrawn EP0889446A3 (fr) 1997-07-04 1998-06-25 Appareil pour la reconnaissance de documents

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0889446A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH1186072A (fr)
GB (1) GB9714083D0 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA985827B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1151870A1 (fr) * 2000-05-03 2001-11-07 Banque Nationale De Belgique S.A. Dispositif antifraude pour document
WO2002041264A1 (fr) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-23 De La Rue International Limited Appareil de manipulation de documents
EP1434176A1 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-30 Mars, Incorporated Validateur de billet de banque
EP1434177A2 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-30 Mars Incorporated Dispositif de validation de billets de banque
EP3147873B1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2022-09-28 Glory Ltd. Dispositif de détection de fluorescence/phosphorescence

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000319A1 (fr) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Global Security Ab Procede, agencement et agent chimique permettant de marquer des billets de banque, des documents de valeur, etc. et equipement de detection d'un tel marquage
US5304813A (en) * 1991-10-14 1994-04-19 Landis & Gyr Betriebs Ag Apparatus for the optical recognition of documents
GB2282345A (en) * 1993-10-02 1995-04-05 Graham Athey Fibres and filaments with machine-readable signature and security papers prepared therefrom
GB2283455A (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-10 Willett Int Ltd Authenticating articles
GB2284293A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Mars Inc Currency validator
EP0675466A2 (fr) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-04 Österreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf Ges.m.b.H. Procédé et dispositif pour la reconnaissance ou le contrôle d'objets
US5522491A (en) * 1992-03-10 1996-06-04 Mars Incorporated Method for the classification of a pattern, for example on a banknote or a coin

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000319A1 (fr) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Global Security Ab Procede, agencement et agent chimique permettant de marquer des billets de banque, des documents de valeur, etc. et equipement de detection d'un tel marquage
US5304813A (en) * 1991-10-14 1994-04-19 Landis & Gyr Betriebs Ag Apparatus for the optical recognition of documents
US5522491A (en) * 1992-03-10 1996-06-04 Mars Incorporated Method for the classification of a pattern, for example on a banknote or a coin
GB2282345A (en) * 1993-10-02 1995-04-05 Graham Athey Fibres and filaments with machine-readable signature and security papers prepared therefrom
GB2283455A (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-10 Willett Int Ltd Authenticating articles
GB2284293A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-05-31 Mars Inc Currency validator
EP0675466A2 (fr) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-04 Österreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf Ges.m.b.H. Procédé et dispositif pour la reconnaissance ou le contrôle d'objets

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1151870A1 (fr) * 2000-05-03 2001-11-07 Banque Nationale De Belgique S.A. Dispositif antifraude pour document
WO2002041264A1 (fr) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-23 De La Rue International Limited Appareil de manipulation de documents
EP1434176A1 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-30 Mars, Incorporated Validateur de billet de banque
EP1434177A2 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-30 Mars Incorporated Dispositif de validation de billets de banque
EP1434177A3 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2004-08-04 Mars Incorporated Dispositif de validation de billets de banque
US7212948B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2007-05-01 Mei, Inc. Banknote validator
EP1918887A1 (fr) * 2002-12-27 2008-05-07 MEI, Inc. Validateur de billet de banque
EP3147873B1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2022-09-28 Glory Ltd. Dispositif de détection de fluorescence/phosphorescence

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH1186072A (ja) 1999-03-30
EP0889446A3 (fr) 1999-01-13
ZA985827B (en) 2000-01-10
GB9714083D0 (en) 1997-09-10

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