EP0886625A1 - Composition floculante et procede de traitement aqueux faisant appel a cette composition - Google Patents

Composition floculante et procede de traitement aqueux faisant appel a cette composition

Info

Publication number
EP0886625A1
EP0886625A1 EP97911492A EP97911492A EP0886625A1 EP 0886625 A1 EP0886625 A1 EP 0886625A1 EP 97911492 A EP97911492 A EP 97911492A EP 97911492 A EP97911492 A EP 97911492A EP 0886625 A1 EP0886625 A1 EP 0886625A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
titanium
chloride
salt
sulfate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97911492A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nobuo Iwane
Teruo Aoe
Takuma Miyazawa
Shigemi Aruga
Minoru Tanaka
Yoshitaro Tanaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tayca Corp
Hinomaru Kogyo Corp
Taimei Chemicals Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tayca Corp
Hinomaru Kogyo Corp
Taimei Chemicals Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tayca Corp, Hinomaru Kogyo Corp, Taimei Chemicals Co Ltd filed Critical Tayca Corp
Publication of EP0886625A1 publication Critical patent/EP0886625A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a new flocculant composition for use in the purification of raw water. It also relates to a method of water treatment for removing impurities dissolved or suspended in raw water.
  • a variety of flocculants are used in the water treatment for municipal and industrial water as well as a variety waste water including sewage and waste water originating from chemical, metallurgical, dyeing, starch and other industries.
  • inorganic flocculants such as ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, chlorinated copperas (Fe ( S0 4 • FeCl 2 ), ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, alums, polymeric aluminum chloride and the like.
  • Auxiliary flocculants are also used including slaked lime, activated silica, sodium silicate and bentonite.
  • JP-B-35012733 discloses the use of titanium chlorid in the rapid clarification of waste water such as cellulose pulp-waste liquor and coal dressing-waste water.
  • JP-A- 49007178 discloses a flocculant composition containing aluminum sulfate and titanium sulfate.
  • JP-A-56126483 discloses that dissolved phosphates in effluent are removed as precipitates by adding an aqueous composition containing ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate and titanyl sulfate.
  • JP-A-59049811 discloses a water processing method using titanium chloride, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride either alone or in combination.
  • JP-A- 03213194 discloses that the flock-making efficiency of dyeing waste water is enhanced by combining an inorganic flocculant with an alkaline earth metal salt.
  • JP-A-07108105 discloses water-blooming Microcystis and Anabaena cells growing in closed inland water are aggregated by treating the water with one or more inorganic salts selected from the group consisting of polymeric iron sulfate, polymeric iron chloride, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate and aluminum chloride.
  • Mizushori Gijitsu Water treatment Technology 5(12) :15, 1964 reports the use of titanium chloride-base flocculant in the reduction of Fe contents in river water. It also reports that the iron- removing efficiency of titanium chloride is maximum in an acidic pH range between 3.5 and 5.5 but a soluble titanium compound remains in the supernatant.
  • Aluminum- and iron-based inorganic flocculants generally have an optimal flock-making pH range, namely neutral range for aluminum salts and acidic to neutral range for iron salts.
  • titanium salts have two optimal flock-making pH ranges, one in acidic side and the other in alkaline side separated by neutral range within which the titanium salt exhibits no or little flock-making function but is hydrolyzed into colloidal products. Accordingly, when attempting to clarify raw water including suspended clay particles with a titanium salt in the neutral pH range between 6 and 8, the titanium salt will hardly make coarse flocks of suspending matter but will remain in water mainly as a colloidal hydrolyzate which increases load to settling and filtering facilities. It is mainly for this reason that have precluded to date the use of titanium salts for producing municipal water in which water processing in the neutral pH range is essential.
  • titanium salts may function as a flocculant in the neutral pH region when an amount of a water-soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal salt is added together with the titanium salt.
  • the present invention provides a flocculant composition
  • a flocculant composition comprising an aqueous solution of a mixture of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride with a water-soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt at a titanium to alkali or alkaline earth metal salt ratio calculated as Ti0 2 of from 0.25:1 to 0.0002:1, preferably from 0.25:1 to 0.01:1 by weight .
  • said alkali or alkaline earth metal salt is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate.
  • the present invention provides a flocculant composition
  • a flocculant composition comprising an aqueous solution of a mixture of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride, a water-soluble iron salt and a water- soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt at a titanium to iron ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Fe 2 0 3 of from 1:1 to 40:1 by weight and a titanium to alkali or alkaline earth metal salt ratio calculated as Ti0 2 as defined above.
  • said water-soluble iron salt is ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride or polymeric ferric chloride.
  • the present invention provides a flocculant composition
  • a flocculant composition comprising an aqueous solution of a mixture of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride, a water-soluble zirconium salt and a water- soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt at a titanium to zirconium ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Zr0 2 of from 1:1 to 40:1 by weight and at a titanium to alkali or alkaline earth metal salt ratio calculated as Ti0 2 as defined above.
  • said water-soluble zirconium salt is zirconium dichloride oxide of the formula: ZrOCl 2 , zirconium chloride hydroxide oxide of the formula: ZrO(OH)Cl, or zirconium sulfate.
  • the present invention provides a flocculant composition
  • a flocculant composition comprising an aqueous solution of a mixture of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride, a water-soluble aluminum salt and a water- soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt at a titanium to aluminum ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Al 2 0 3 of from 1:1 to 40:1 by weight and at a titanium to alkali or alkaline earth metal salt ratio calculated as Ti0 2 as defined above.
  • said water-soluble aluminum salt is aluminum chloride, polymeric aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate.
  • the present invention provides a water clarifying method comprising the steps of : (a) adding into raw water with stirring an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride and a water-soluble neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt at a titanium to alkali or alkaline earth metal salt ratio calculated as Ti0 2 from 0.25:1 to 0.0002:1 by weight, preferably from 0.25:1 to 0.01:1 by weight; (b) allowing suspended matter in the raw water to aggregate into flocks at a pH from 5.6 to 8.7 ; (c) allowing the flocks to settle; and (d) separating the supernatant from the flocks.
  • the water-soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate.
  • a water-soluble iron salt such as ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride or polymeric ferric chloride is added to the raw water in step (a) at a titanium to iron ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Fe 2 0 3 of from 1:1 to 4:1 by weight.
  • a water-soluble zirconium salt such as zirconium dichloride oxide of the formula: ZrOCl 2 , zirconium chloride hydroxide oxide of the formula: Zr0(0H)Cl or zirconium sulfate is added to the raw water in step (a) at a titanium to zirconium ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Zr0 2 of from 1:1 to 40:1 by weight.
  • a water-soluble aluminum salt such as aluminum chloride, polymeric aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate is added to the raw water in step (a) at a titanium to aluminum ratio calculated as Ti0 2 and Al 2 0 3 of from 1:1 to 40:1 by weight.
  • the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is added to the raw water is step (a) to a titanium concentration calculated as Ti0 2 from 1 to 200 mg/L.
  • Titanyl sulfate has the chemical formula: TiOSO* • 2H 0 and occurs as white crystals.
  • Commercially available titanyl sulfate generally has the following analysis: Ti0 2 25-30 wt.%
  • Unbound H 2 0 about 10 wt.%
  • Titanium tetrachloride is easily hydrolyzed in water and, therefore, its aqueous solution contains orthotitanic acid and hydrogen chloride.
  • aqueous solution of titanium tetrachloride refers to an aqueous solution containing such hydrolyzates of titanium tetrachloride.
  • Commercial products having a titanium content from 5 to 20 wt.% are available in the market and may be used in the present invention to advantage.
  • titanyl sulfate and titanium tetrachloride produce insoluble colloidal particles of Ti0 2 in water in the neutral pH region. This precludes titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride from using in the production of municipal water in particular wherein it is imperative for both raw water and product water to have a pH between about 6.0 and about 8.0.
  • the titanium salt may function as a flocculant in the neutral pH region when used in combination with a certain amount of a water-soluble, neutral alkali or alkaline earth metal salt such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate.
  • the amount of the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt is such that the ratio of titanium calculated as Ti0 2 to the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt is between 0.25:1 and 0.0002: 1, preferably between 0.25:1 to 0.01:1 by weight. This enables the titanium salt having no known physiological toxicity to be used in the treatment of raw water particularly for municipal water in place of or in addition to conventional aluminum-based or iron-based flocculants without increasing production cost significantly.
  • the above combination may further comprise a water soluble iron salt, a water soluble zirconium slat or a water soluble aluminum salts.
  • a water soluble iron salt a water soluble zirconium slat or a water soluble aluminum salts.
  • examples thereof include ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, polymeric ferric chloride, zirconium dichloride oxide of the formula: Zr0Cl 2 , zirconium chloride hydroxide oxide of the formula: Zr0(0H)Cl, zirconium sulfate, alminum chloride, polymeric aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate.
  • the amount of the iron, zirconium or aluminum salt relative to the titanium salt is such that the ratio of titanium calculated as Ti0 2 to Fe, Zr or Al as Fe 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 or Al 2 0 3 is between 1:1 and 40:1 by weight.
  • the ratio of titanium as Ti0 2 to the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt is the same as before.
  • stock solutions of respective chemicals are prepared. Although these stock solutions may be added to raw water separately or concurrently, it is convenient to formulate a premix of the stock solutions having known concentrations and known ratios of respective chemicals. Then the stock solutions or the premix are added to raw water with stirring. If necessary, a conventional organic flocculant may also be added. At least a substantial portion of suspended matter in the raw water will aggregate into flocks when the pH of water lies within the range between 5.6 and 8.7 after the addition of the chemicals. After allowing the flocks to settle below a supernatant layer, product water may be recovered by separating the supernatant from the flocks.
  • the exact amounts of respective chemicals will vary depending upon the nature and quantity of suspended matter in raw water and also the quality of raw water and/or product water including the alkalinity of raw water or the desired pH range of proudct water. It is preferred in general that the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate or titanium tetrachloride be added to raw water to a concentration calculated as Ti0 2 from 1 to 200 mg/L. This concentration will vary, as stated above, depending upon the alkalinity of raw water and the desired pH range of the product water. In case of raw water having an acceptable alkalinity for municipal water a titanium concentration calculated as Ti0 2 from 1 to 10 mg/L will be sufficient to aggregate suspended matter within a pH range between 6.0 and 8.0. In case of treating various waste water, higher titanium concentrations up to 200 mg or more as Ti0 2 /L will be required depending upon the desired pH range of treated water .
  • Example 1 In case of raw water having an acceptable alkalinity for municipal water a titanium concentration calculated as Ti0 2 from 1 to 10
  • a jar tester Model JMD-8 available from Miyamoto Riken Kogyo equipped with a 500 ml glass beaker, a stirrer with a pair of flat blade paddles each having a size of 68 mm length x 17 mm width vertically disposed along the rotating axis and an Eppendolf micropipette .
  • An artificial water having a turbidity of 20 and a pH of 7.0 prepared by suspending elutriated kaolin particles (Kanto Kagaku) in a mixture of municipal water and pure water having an alkalinity of 25-30 ppm.
  • TiOS0 4 TM Crystals from Tayca Corporation 150 as Ti0 2 TiCl 4 , aqueous solution, from Toho Titanium 150 as Ti0 2 Al 2 (S0 4 ) 3 , Taimei Chemical 100 and 10 as Al 2 0
  • Polymeric aluminum chloride 100 and 10 as Al 2 0 3
  • FeCl 3 Reagent grade from Kanto Chemical 74 and 15 as Fe 2 0 3
  • Fe 2 (SO* ) 3 Reagent grade from Kanto Chemical 60 as Fe 2 0 3 Zr0Cl 2 , Daiichi Rare Elements 104 and 15 as Zr0 2
  • Example 1 The sample was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter and then the above method was followed to determine dissolved Ti and Al in the sample.
  • Example 1 The sample was filtered through a 0.5 ⁇ m PTFE filter and then the above method was followed to determine dissolved Ti and Al in the sample.
  • Table 1 and Table 2 show that when the relative proportion of titanium and aluminum salts calculated as Ti0 2 /Al 2 0 3 is 5, the best results are achieved in terms of turbidity, pH and dissolved Ti and Al in the supernatant.
  • Example 1 was followed except that TiOS0 was replaced with TiCl . Similar results were obtained as shown in Table 3 below. Table 3 Turbidity (degree)
  • Examples 1 and 2 were followed except that polymeric aluminum chloride was replaced with FeCl 3 at a constant Ti0 2 /Fe 2 0 3 ratio of 5. Similar results were obtained by the replacement of aluminum salt with iron salts as shown in Table 4 below.
  • Example 1 was followed except that polymeric aluminum chloride was replaced with ZrOCl. at a Ti0 2 /Zr0 2 ratio of 5. The results show that the zirconium salt is also effective as an auxiliary flocculant in combination with a titanium salt as shown in Table 5 below.
  • Amount of addition Binary system (mg/L as Ti0 2 ) Ti0 2 /Al 2 0 3 Ti0 2 /Fe 2 0 3 Ti0 2 /Zr0 2 at 5 at 5 at 5
  • Example 5 was followed except that all of the three chemicals were added as a premix of their respective stock solutions instead of adding separately but concurrently as in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 12 and Table 13. As shown in the Tables, co-addition of chemicals as a premix was more effective than the separate addition of individual chemicals.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was followed using TiCl , TiOS0 , Al 2 (S0 4 ) 3 , PAC, FeCl 3 or ZrOCl 2 alone at varying concentrations. The results are shown in Table 15 below. The titanium salts themselves were not effective as a flocculant at practical concentrations. Table 15 Amount of addition Supernatant turbidity
  • the flock-making property of TiCl 4 -MgCl 2 binary system was studied at varying Ti0 2 /MgCl 2 ratios and at varying pH levels of supernatant.
  • the amount of TiCl was kept at a constant level of 4 mg/L as Ti0 2 .
  • the results are shown in Tab l e 22 .
  • Turbidity 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.9
  • Turbidity 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.0
  • Example 10 was followed with respect to TiOS0 4 -MgCl 2 binary system. The results are shown in Table 23. As shown in Table 23, similar results were obtained.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une composition floculante comprenant une solution aqueuse. Cette solution se compose d'un mélange comprenant, d'une part, un sulfate de titanyle ou du tétrachlorure de titane et, d'autre part, un sel d'alcali neutre ou de métal alcalino-terreux soluble dans l'eau. Le rapport entre le titane et le sel d'alcali ou de métal alcalino-terreux, tel que calculé en utilisant du TiO2, varie de 0,25:1 à 0,0002:1 en poids. Cette composition floculante peut en outre contenir un sel de fer soluble dans l'eau, ceci selon un rapport entre le titane et le fer, tel que calculé en utilisant du TiO2 et du Fe2O3, qui varie de 1:1 à 40:1 en poids. Dans une autre variante, la composition floculante peut en outre contenir un sel de zirconium soluble dans l'eau, ceci selon un rapport entre le titane et le zirconium, tel que calculé en utilisant du TiO2 et du ZrO2, qui varie de 1:1 à 40:1 en poids. Dans une autre variante encore, la composition floculante peut en outre contenir un sel d'aluminium soluble dans l'eau, ceci selon un rapport entre le titane et l'aluminium, tel que calculé en utilisant du TiO2 et du Al2O3, qui varie de 1:1 à 40:1 en poids. Le procédé de clarification de l'eau décrit dans cette invention consiste à ajouter la solution aqueuse de sulfate de titanyle ou de tétrachlorure de titane à de l'eau brute, ceci tout en combinant l'alcali neutre ou le métal alcalino-terreux soluble dans l'eau. Ce procédé de clarification peut se faire avec ou sans l'addition d'un sel de fer, de zirconium ou d'aluminium soluble dans l'eau.
EP97911492A 1996-11-08 1997-11-07 Composition floculante et procede de traitement aqueux faisant appel a cette composition Withdrawn EP0886625A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8313072A JP2987694B2 (ja) 1996-11-08 1996-11-08 水処理凝集剤および水処理方法
JP313072/96 1996-11-08
PCT/JP1997/004073 WO1998021148A1 (fr) 1996-11-08 1997-11-07 Composition floculante et procede de traitement aqueux faisant appel a cette composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0886625A1 true EP0886625A1 (fr) 1998-12-30

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ID=18036865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97911492A Withdrawn EP0886625A1 (fr) 1996-11-08 1997-11-07 Composition floculante et procede de traitement aqueux faisant appel a cette composition

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6123854A (fr)
EP (1) EP0886625A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2987694B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR19990077084A (fr)
CA (1) CA2242331C (fr)
NO (1) NO983136L (fr)
TW (1) TW492948B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998021148A1 (fr)

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KR100353242B1 (ko) * 2000-02-28 2002-09-18 극동화학 주식회사 실리카겔을 지지체로 하는 신규한 형태의 광촉매 및 그제조방법
RU2179954C1 (ru) 2000-06-22 2002-02-27 Стремилова Нина Николаевна Композиция для очистки природных и сточных вод и способ получения композиции для очистки природных и сточных вод (варианты)
AU2002322559A1 (en) * 2001-07-20 2003-03-03 Microbar, Inc. Reverse osmosis pretreatment using low pressure filtration
CN1300009C (zh) * 2003-01-27 2007-02-14 费兴祖 一种不投加凝聚剂的物化法处理印染废水的方法及所用辅料的制备方法
US7389543B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2008-06-24 Nike, Inc. Optically decentered face shield
US20060003891A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 Tao Zhang Spent FCC catalyst based coagulating and flocculating agent and method for making it
CN102531145B (zh) 2005-10-14 2014-06-04 英孚拉玛特公司 含纳米材料的水处理组合物
US8697019B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2014-04-15 Inframat Corporation Nanostructured compositions having reduced dissolution of manganese and methods of making and using the same
KR100715093B1 (ko) * 2005-12-30 2007-05-07 (주) 빛과환경 오염수의 처리와 동반하여, 응집제로서 첨가된 가수분해성금속화합물로부터 유·무기원소-도핑 금속산화물을 회수하는방법
KR101016392B1 (ko) * 2010-09-06 2011-02-18 주식회사 수엔텍 지르코늄을 이용한 수처리용 응집제 조성물 및 이를 이용한 수처리 방법
US9368989B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2016-06-14 Argopower, Llc Battery charger and fuel cell
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CN102976462B (zh) * 2012-12-20 2013-09-25 山东大学 一种聚合四氯化钛无机高分子絮凝剂的制备方法
CN103466771B (zh) * 2013-09-27 2017-01-18 中国环境科学研究院 一种氧化型聚硅酸铝铁混凝剂的制备方法
US10968126B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2021-04-06 Katz Water Tech, Llc Pretreatment of produced water to facilitate improved metal extraction
CN110304703B (zh) * 2019-07-12 2022-04-29 云南中泰嘉华环保科技有限责任公司 一种用铝灰生产聚氯化铝净水剂的制备方法
CN110526382A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2019-12-03 上海电力大学 一种水处理药剂及其制备
CN111908610B (zh) * 2020-07-14 2022-03-22 河北美卡诺生物科技有限公司 一种用于污水脱氮的碳源
CN112158925A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2021-01-01 中国科学院海洋研究所 一种提高改性粘土絮凝效率和沉降速率的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2242331C (fr) 2001-12-11
CA2242331A1 (fr) 1998-05-22
JP2987694B2 (ja) 1999-12-06
WO1998021148A1 (fr) 1998-05-22
TW492948B (en) 2002-07-01
NO983136L (no) 1998-07-07
KR19990077084A (ko) 1999-10-25
US6123854A (en) 2000-09-26
JPH10137508A (ja) 1998-05-26

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