EP0882585A1 - Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support - Google Patents

Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0882585A1
EP0882585A1 EP97108936A EP97108936A EP0882585A1 EP 0882585 A1 EP0882585 A1 EP 0882585A1 EP 97108936 A EP97108936 A EP 97108936A EP 97108936 A EP97108936 A EP 97108936A EP 0882585 A1 EP0882585 A1 EP 0882585A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spray head
base
nozzle
nozzles
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP97108936A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hannes Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schablonentechnik Kufstein GmbH
Original Assignee
Schablonentechnik Kufstein GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schablonentechnik Kufstein GmbH filed Critical Schablonentechnik Kufstein GmbH
Priority to EP97108936A priority Critical patent/EP0882585A1/fr
Priority to CN98100418A priority patent/CN1200983A/zh
Publication of EP0882585A1 publication Critical patent/EP0882585A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/14—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing
    • B41C1/147—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing by imagewise deposition of a liquid, e.g. from an ink jet; Chemical perforation by the hardening or solubilizing of the ink impervious coating or sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a pattern on a Document according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device to form a pattern on a base according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • EP 0 590 164 B1 discloses a method of this type or such Device already known.
  • means of a spray head having at least one nozzle a liquid pattern-based applied to a base, for which purpose the the spray head having at least one nozzle and the base Are moved relative to each other with the aid of drive means.
  • the liquid can be e.g. B. act to liquefied wax, the dries after spraying onto the surface and thus the latter due to the pattern covers.
  • the invention has for its object the method mentioned in the introduction Art in such a way that larger patterns are also error-free can be made if using nozzles with very small outlet opening can be created. Furthermore, a corresponding Device are created.
  • the method according to the invention for forming a pattern on a support in the case of a spray head having at least one nozzle a liquid is applied to the base according to the pattern, is characterized in that in the course of sampling the document additionally an automatic cleaning process for keeping the Nozzle or nozzles is executed. This will clog the Nozzles avoided, resulting in higher quality patterns on the pad leads.
  • the cleaning process runs as part of the sampling process automatically from, so that it is not required by manual activity interrupt the entire machining process need what the risk of further errors in the pattern reduced and also shortened the manufacturing time for the pattern.
  • the automatic Cleanliness process during the entire sampling run continuously creating a uniform pattern quality is guaranteed.
  • the automatic cleaning process but also carried out at intervals if the time interval between the cleaning intervals is selected so that no blockage of the nozzles is feared got to.
  • the automatic clean-up process e.g. be carried out to the side of the base, if, for. B. at a cylindrical base of the spray head once in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical Document has been passed over this.
  • the cleaning process can be carried out accordingly, after the spray head over one or opposite edges of the pad was led outside.
  • the automatic cleaning process can but also in the area of the underlay itself, for this purpose the sampling is interrupted.
  • the last Sampling position is buffered and the sampling process will be there after performing the clean-up process resumed.
  • the cleaning process is carried out in the area of the sample itself, this can be done with continuous as well as with periodic cleanliness the nozzles air from an existing between the pad and nozzle Gap are sucked off. In this way the educating Liquid mist is led out of the gap area and cannot lead more to a sticky layer on the spray head plate, so that dust particles can no longer attach themselves to it Clogging the nozzle openings would cause.
  • This procedure has has proven itself in practice and leads to high quality Inspect.
  • the air can preferably be extracted in one area be in the direction of movement of the nozzle relative to the base or in the direction of movement of the pad relative to the nozzle in front of the gap lies. Dust particles can therefore not even get into the gap, which means the operating time of the spray head can be extended significantly.
  • the nozzle in the area of the base keep clean that particles in the gap between nozzle and pad be suctioned off electrostatically.
  • the one from the spray head sprayed liquid droplets carry a predetermined for this purpose Charge or can be provided with such, so that also the liquid mist forming in the gap area correspondingly is charged. This can then be achieved through a corresponding potential e.g. B. suction on a screen grid so that it is not on the spray head plate of the spray head. This also leads to prolonged Operating times of the spray head itself.
  • Another way of cleaning the nozzle is to use the nozzle itself Rinse liquid, the rinsing liquid being the same Liquid can act, which is also used to apply the pattern becomes.
  • This cleaning process can be carried out at intervals be, e.g. B. before and / or after the pad or in the area of the pad if the pattern is interrupted, if the base is vertical stands.
  • the wiping element can be carried along with the spray head or be on the side next to the base, so that the spray head plate of the spray head can run onto this wiping element.
  • the underlay can be a flat underlay or be a cylindrical base. This can be particularly are such documents that are used to produce printing stencils or print templates can be used.
  • Sieves made of plastic or metal either directly by spraying be patterned by liquid, with certain areas of the Siebes can be closed depending on the pattern, or they can be closed from the outset are sealed with a layer of lacquer, depending on the liquid is sprayed on as a mask during the subsequent exposure of the photosensitive Paint layer to act, which is then removed.
  • the Documents can also be documents that are used for the production of flexographic printing stencils suitable or for the production of metal sieves on galvanic Paths, even with these documents on their surface corresponding patterns can be applied by the spraying technique mentioned.
  • a device for forming a pattern on a base with a spray head having at least one nozzle for pattern-based Spraying a liquid on the surface and with propellants to generate a relative movement between the base and the spray head According to the invention, a device is provided for automatic Keeping the at least one or more nozzles clean. in the In the case of several nozzles, these can e.g. B. along at least one line in equidistant from each other.
  • the cleaning device has at least one flow channel, the one in the area between the spray head and the base Spalt opens and connected to a vacuum generation system is.
  • the flow channel preferably opens into an area in the direction of movement of the nozzle relative to the base or in the direction of movement the pad lies in front of the gap relative to the nozzle, so that it also prevents dust particles from getting into the gap.
  • a cleaning device which has at least one flow channel which is in the region of a the gap between the spray head and the base opens and joins in Overpressure generation system is connected. This allows the Blow out liquid mist from the gap area so that it can no longer deposit on the spray head plate. Also in this Trap the flow channel can preferably open into an area in the direction of movement of the nozzle relative to the base or in the direction of movement the pad in front of or behind the gap relative to the nozzle lies. Flow channels of the same type for the inflow of air or the suction of air can also on both sides of the Gap may be provided.
  • the flow channels can be through vacuum or pressure lines be formed, which are guided laterally around the spray head. However, it is also possible to integrate these flow channels in the pointed head. In the case of several nozzles along a row of nozzles, the flow channels can be designed in the form of a longitudinal slot, which is at a distance runs parallel to the nozzle line. This will cover the entire A uniform removal of the liquid mist in the nozzle line Gap area guaranteed.
  • the cleaning device it can be made from one There are screen grilles on the side of the Spray head is arranged, a desired one on the screen grid electrical potential can be applied to electrostatically charged liquid mist to be able to suction.
  • the one that is reflected on the screen grid Liquid no longer reaches the spray head plate, causing the risk of nozzle clogging is reduced. Rather, the drip liquid that collects on the screen grid into a tub, which is located below the screen grid or spray head and with this is also moved, e.g. B. on a housing receiving the spray head is arranged.
  • the nozzles can also be equipped with a Rinse tank holding the rinsing liquid are connected which a piston is movable, a receiving the spray head Housing has a trough for liquid rinsed out of the nozzles.
  • a wiping device movable with the spray head is present be a wiping element for wiping one of the nozzles contained Has spray head plate.
  • This wiping element can be used as a wiper strip be formed, which is parallel to the surface of the spray head plate can be moved, in the case of one or more nozzle lines in parallel or perpendicular to the nozzle cell. But this is also possible Purpose to use a wiping element that is perpendicular to the Surface of the spray head plate standing axis is pivotable and is carried by an appropriate wiper arm.
  • Such a wiping element is used for the interval Cleaning of the spray head either in the lateral outside area the underlay or above the underlay if the pattern formation process is interrupted.
  • the spray head plate of the spray head should be cleaned outside the surface , one or more wiping pads on the edges of the Underlay or be arranged next to this, runs onto the spray head plate, to be wiped and cleaned.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sampling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This sampling device is used to sample a cylindrical base, which is the reference symbol 1 wears. It can be z.
  • B. a hollow cylindrical and act evenly perforated metal sieve, the sieve openings through a light-sensitive lacquer layer is closed.
  • On this photosensitive Paint layer is supposed to be by spraying liquid Patterns are generated, which is then used as a mask when exposing the Photosensitive lacquer layer is used, which is then in a subsequent Development step is removed. In this way, the sieve openings uncovered again.
  • the cylindrical base 1 it can but also any other documents for the production of various Act stencils, the surface of which with liquid depends on the pattern to be covered.
  • the cylindrical base 1 is rotatably supported about its cylinder axis 2, between storage facilities, not shown, on a machine bed, also not shown, are arranged. It deals a lathe-like mounting of the cylindrical base 1 on the machine bed, the cylindrical base 1 over one of the Storage facilities can be driven.
  • a corresponding device for rotatable mounting of cylindrical supports is from the already mentioned EP 0 590 164 B1 is known.
  • a bearing rail 3 is mounted on the machine bed, along which a slide 4 is slidable.
  • a housing 5 is mounted on the slide 4, in which there is a spray head 6 for spraying liquid.
  • spray head 6 it can be z.
  • B. a piezoelectrically driven Act the spray head, pointing towards the cylindrical base 1
  • Spray head plate 7 arranged a plurality of nozzle outlet openings 18 are evenly spaced on a straight line, which runs parallel to the cylinder or axis of rotation 2.
  • On the control devices to control the respective nozzles in the spray head 6 should here not be discussed further. They are well known.
  • this sampling device shown in Figure 1 can a desired pattern on the surface of the cylindrical base 1 apply by using the nozzles in the spray head 6 Liquid in some areas or pattern-dependent on the surface of the cylindrical Pad 1 is sprayed on.
  • the cylindrical turns Base 1 around its cylinder axis 2 z. B. clockwise in figure 1, while the slide 4 and with it the spray head 6 in Longitudinal direction of the bearing rail 3 moves.
  • the control of the nozzles in the Spray head 6 is carried out in accordance with a program in one electronic memory, not shown, is stored.
  • the liquid to be sprayed out of the nozzles of the spray head 6 can e.g. B. consist of a wax with a melting point of about 60 ° C. This wax is heated to 120 ° in the spray head 6 and is therefore very good thin. It can also be provided with an admixture and / or with be diluted with a suitable liquid.
  • the distance between the spray head plate 7 (nozzle plate) and the surface of the cylindrical Underlay 1 is approximately 1 to 2 mm.
  • a flow channel 8 is therefore in the housing 5 above the spray head 6 provided at one end with a vacuum generating device is connected to suck air in the direction of the arrow 9 shown.
  • the other end of the flow channel 8 opens into a straight one Longitudinal slot 10 which is parallel to the cylinder axis 2 or parallel and at a distance runs to the row of nozzles 18 of the spray head 6. It stretches the longitudinal slot 10 over the entire length of those located in the spray head 6 Row of nozzles 18, so that the wax mist mentioned above is reliable aspirated from the gap area between spray head 6 and base 1 can be.
  • the longitudinal slot 10 comes in the direction of rotation the cylindrical base 1 seen lying in front of the spray head 6, so that also entrained by the rotation of the cylindrical base 1 Dust particles can be sucked off through the longitudinal slot 10 before they enter the gap between the spray head 6 and the base 1 can.
  • the spray head plate 7 is reliable against contamination protected by wax mist and dust.
  • FIG. 2 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 2. The same parts as in Figure 1 are provided with the same reference numerals and will not be described again.
  • the housing 5 takes a flow channel 11 on the one end with a not shown Positive pressure generating device is connected to air in the direction of the arrow To be able to blow 12 into the flow channel 11.
  • a nozzle 13 At the other At the end of the flow channel 11 there is a nozzle 13 through which the air flows in blown the gap between the spray head 6 and the cylindrical base 1 can be.
  • the flow channel 11 or the nozzle 13 comes above of the spray head 6 to lie, the nozzle 13 partly from the Pad 1 facing the front of the housing 5 protrudes.
  • nozzle outlet openings 18 in the pointed head 6 can also be designed as a slot nozzle, the longitudinal direction runs parallel to the cylinder axis 2 or to the row of nozzles.
  • slot nozzle 13 would extend over the entire width of the row of nozzles.
  • a corresponding channel 11a can be provided To arrange slot nozzle 13a below the spray head 6 in Figure 2, wherein then the slot nozzle 13 air from below into the gap area between Blows spray head 6 and cylindrical base 1.
  • FIG. 3 A third exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3 shown. This differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 only in this way from that 6 air at the same time above and below the spray head Area between spray head 6 and pad 1 is blown.
  • the alignment of the nozzles 13, 13a is chosen so that a large part of the escaping air not even in the gap area between spray head 6 and pad 1 occurs. In this case, a kind of air curtain is opposed receive outer dust while at the same time the wax mist from the Gap area flows out.
  • FIG. 4 A fourth embodiment of the sampling device according to the FIG. 4 shows the present invention.
  • the same parts as in FIG. 1 are again with the same reference numerals and are not described again.
  • the housing 5 on the nozzle exit side of the spray head 6 a larger housing opening 15.
  • This housing opening 15 is covered by a screen grid 16 located inside the housing 5, which is electrically insulated from the housing 5.
  • This screen grid 16 comes to lie immediately in front of the spray head plate 7 and is so arranged that through the nozzles of the spray head 6 sprayed wax pass through the screen grid 16 and onto the outer surface the cylindrical base 1 can strike. A distraction of the ejected Wax droplets through the screen 16 do not occur.
  • the screen grid 16 is at a suitable electrical potential in order the wax mist that forms in the gap between the spray head 6 and suction pad 1. This wax mist is usually always to a certain extent electrostatically charged and stored therefore on the screen grid 16. He can finally after tapping the Screen grids 16 are collected in a tub 17, which is located at the bottom End of the housing 5 is located.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention is in the figure 5 shown. Again, the same parts as in Figure 1 are the same Reference numerals and are not described again.
  • the row of nozzles located in the spray head plate 7 carries this Reference number 18.
  • the respective nozzles of the nozzle row 18 are above a common line 19 with a tank 20 for rinsing liquid in connection.
  • a piston 21 is slidably mounted with the the rinsing liquid from the tank 20 via line 19 and from the Can push out nozzles of the nozzle row 18 to rinse the nozzles can.
  • the flushing liquid pressed out of the nozzles here liquid Wax then flows into the aforementioned tank 17 at the bottom of the Housing 5.
  • This rinsing process can be automatic as part of the sampling process be carried out, for example if the spray head on the edge stands outside the document 1 or with an interrupted pattern formation process located opposite the document 1.
  • the cleaning process thus runs programmatically without manual intervention would be necessary.
  • Figures 6a, 6b and 6c each show a sixth, seventh and eighth Embodiment according to the present invention.
  • the further equipment corresponds to that in FIG. 1 6a to 6c, the spray head plate 7 and the nozzle row 18 already mentioned, that is to say the plurality on a straight line arranged nozzles, which is parallel to the cylinder axis 2.
  • a wiper blade 22 arranged, the longitudinal direction of which is perpendicular to the row of nozzles 18.
  • This wiper blade 22 is attached to an arm 23 which by means of a Drive device, not shown, can be moved along the arrows 24, 25 and takes the wiper blade 22 with it. That way cleaned by the wiper blade 22, the surface of the spray head plate 7, to avoid clogging of the nozzles of the nozzle row 18.
  • FIG. 6b differs from that 6a in that a wiper blade 26 is provided, the Longitudinal direction is parallel to the row of nozzles 18.
  • This wiper blade 26 is displaceable perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the row of nozzles 18, wherein it can be stored on the edge by suitable storage facilities.
  • This Bearing devices can be drivable around the wiper blade 26 to move over the surface of the die head plate.
  • the nozzles are cleaned more quickly, since the displacement of the wiper blade 26 is less than in the embodiment 6a, since there the wiper blade 22 in the longitudinal direction the row of nozzles 18 is to be moved.
  • this is on the Surface of the spray head plate 7 lying wiper blade 27 on one arm 28 which is rotatable about an axis 29 which is perpendicular to the surface of the Spray head plate 7 runs.
  • This arm 29 can e.g. B. on the axis of a Motors 30 sit on the nozzle head 6 or on the receiving the nozzle head 6 Housing 5 is attached.
  • the engine 30 is turned on the axis 29 in Figure 6c rotated clockwise so that the wiper blade 27 is moved from left to right on the spray head plate 7 and so that the nozzle row 18 cleans.
  • the wiper blades 22, 26 and 27 can be designed so flat that they still during operation of the pointed head 6 between this and the cylindrical Document 1 can lie. The same applies to levels Documents.
  • FIG. 7 A ninth embodiment of a cleaning device according to the Invention is shown in Figure 7.
  • the cylindrical base 1 is here designed as a hollow cylinder and is on the end face via cone sensor 31, 32 held.
  • These cone sensors 31, 32 are on axes 33, 34 rotatably mounted on bearing devices 35, 36, one of the axes (z. B. 33) driven by a drive device, not shown is.
  • a wiping pad 37, 38 In the area between the cone sensors 31, 32 and the respective Bearing devices 35, 36 is on the bearing devices 35, 36, respectively a wiping pad 37, 38 fixed.
  • These wiping pads 37, 38 are on angular holding elements 39, 40 mounted and lie on the same Height or straight line along which the spray head 6 is parallel to the cylinder axis 2 is moved.
  • the spray head 6 runs on Painting over the cylindrical base 1 on one of the spray pads 37, 38 on, so that the surface of the spray head plate 7 by the respective Mop pad 37, 38 can be cleaned, in the area of the nozzle row 18 to avoid clogging of the nozzles.
  • the tenth embodiment according to FIG. 8 is a Sampling device for patterning a flat base 40.
  • This flat base 40 is rectangular in the present case, wherein the spray head 6 is meandered over the base 40 to spray them with liquid depending on the pattern.
  • the spray head 6 after reaching the upper or lower edge of the Pad 41 moved a little beyond this edge by which the Base 41 facing side of the spray head plate 7 with a wiping pad 42, 43 in contact, which is parallel to the upper one and lower edge of the flat base 41 extends.
  • the spray head plate 7 is replaced by one of the wiping pads 42, 43 cleaned, after which the spray head 6 along an adjacent vertical path is moved over the pad 41, then the opposite To reach the wiping pad so that it can be cleaned again can.
  • the wiping pads 42, 43 are attached to a carrier 44 on which the flat base 41 is also positioned.
  • the device for movement the spray head 6 along a meandering path above 8 is omitted for the sake of clarity and also generally known.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
EP97108936A 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support Ceased EP0882585A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97108936A EP0882585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support
CN98100418A CN1200983A (zh) 1997-06-03 1998-02-13 在一基体上形成图案的方法和装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97108936A EP0882585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0882585A1 true EP0882585A1 (fr) 1998-12-09

Family

ID=8226870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97108936A Ceased EP0882585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procédé et dispostif pour la production d'un motif sur un support

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0882585A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1200983A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013014345A1 (fr) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Aptar France Sas Tete de distribution de produit fluide

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4171007B2 (ja) * 2005-07-06 2008-10-22 本田技研工業株式会社 塗布ガンの洗浄方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2117008A (en) * 1982-03-17 1983-10-05 Identequip Limited Apparatus for marking a metal surface with indicia by spraying molten metal

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2117008A (en) * 1982-03-17 1983-10-05 Identequip Limited Apparatus for marking a metal surface with indicia by spraying molten metal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013014345A1 (fr) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Aptar France Sas Tete de distribution de produit fluide
FR2978364A1 (fr) * 2011-07-25 2013-02-01 Valois Sas Tete de distribution de produit fluide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1200983A (zh) 1998-12-09

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