EP0881952B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steigerung der trennschärfe von wirbelstromscheidern - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steigerung der trennschärfe von wirbelstromscheidern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0881952B1 EP0881952B1 EP97951936A EP97951936A EP0881952B1 EP 0881952 B1 EP0881952 B1 EP 0881952B1 EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 0881952 B1 EP0881952 B1 EP 0881952B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- product stream
- magnetic field
- gap
- downfall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
- B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
- B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for increasing the selectivity of Eddy current separators, with the isolated particles of different electrical Conductivity can be separated from a Gutsstrom in a moving magnetic field, the generated under the crop flow and moved in the horizontal direction.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a device Process.
- a time-varying magnetic field induces a voltage in a conductor.
- the way generated current flow, called eddy current in turn creates a magnetic field that the generating magnetic field is opposite.
- the generating magnetic field moves in suitably or have the field lines of the generating field a suitable shape, so a force is exerted on the conductor, which is referred to below as induction force.
- the prior art includes eddy current separators that operate on this principle However, they have only been used for the past few years, as it is only in this period that they are sufficiently strong permanent magnetic materials are available. Today is the Eddy current separation is an important process in addition to magnetic separation Recycling technology.
- a variation of this design is to make the magnet rotor eccentric in the headband roll and movable to arrange, as shown in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing. This allows the rotor position to be optimized specifically for the feed material. A similar effect other manufacturers achieve by not using the conveyor belt and thus the estate task design horizontally.
- a horizontally displaceable roller enables the variation of the Band angle in a range between about 5 ° and 15 °, as shown in Figure 4 of the attached Drawing can be seen.
- the different trajectory of the particles enables the particles to be separated.
- the weight force F G , the induction force F I and the resistance force F ⁇ act on the particle. Weight and induction are of primary importance.
- the shape of the particles and the material properties, such as conductivity ⁇ and density ⁇ , determine the ratio of induction force to weight.
- the separation criterion when separating the particles from a particle stream is therefore the ratio ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the weight acts on the particle at all times in the direction of fall.
- the induction force always acts in the direction of movement of the magnetic field, ie when using a magnetic rotor tangential to the direction of rotation.
- the angle which the two forces enclose in the course of the particle trajectory varies by almost 180 °.
- the induction force acts almost opposite to the weight force. If the particle is above the magnetic rotor, the force acts horizontally in the direction of the conveyor belt movement, thus accelerating the particle out of the material flow in the x direction. If the particle is on the other side of the magnetic rotor, it is even accelerated in the direction of the weight.
- the induction force decreases exponentially with the distance to the magnetic pole surface. If the magnetic rotor is operated in opposite directions, which is particularly necessary with small particles, the direction of the induction force u. However, the effect of the direction of the induction force, which changes as a function of time, remains the same.
- FR-A-2 668 719 describes a method for increasing the selectivity of Eddy current separators according to the preamble of claim 1 known. This The method is carried out with a device that has the characteristics of the Preamble of claim 4.
- the object of the invention is now the method and apparatus of the to further develop the latter type in order to achieve optimal separation or Ensure separation of the different particles during eddy current separation.
- the influence of the factors previously encountered in the prior art can be characterized by the following three phenomena, namely the change in Direction of the induction force on the trajectory of the particle, the change in the Drop point depending on the form of the separation factor and the exponential decrease in the magnetic flux density in the radial direction of the magnetic drum, completely eliminated.
- the induction force should act horizontally according to the invention. This is especially true in the area of the Scheider, in which the particles are deflected from their gravity movement. That area is at the same time the area of greatest force.
- the combination of these procedural characteristics are met if the to be separated or fractional Gutsstrom not horizontally but vertically, and the magnetic field moves horizontally under the estate stream. In this case the Induction force always perpendicular to the weight, especially at the beginning of the Deflection or deflection of the particle from the stream of material.
- the feed material must be fed to the separator individually, to largely prevent the mutual interference of the particles.
- the Gutsstrom is therefore driven by a vibrating trough 1 for separation Conveyor belt 2 abandoned, which runs over the pulleys 8, 9.
- a vibrating trough 1 for separation Conveyor belt 2 abandoned which runs over the pulleys 8, 9.
- the Particle 7 existing Gutsstrom a vertical movement.
- This is through reached a drum 3 rotating in opposite directions at the conveyor belt speed, which with Distance behind the pulley 8 is arranged.
- the Gutsstrom must in this case sufficiently large gap between conveyor belt 2 or deflection roller 8 and drum 3 happen and is in free fall.
- the drum 3 can for mentioned
- For this purpose also use vertical plates that delimit the gap.
- the gap width becomes the adjusted maximum particle size.
- the particle size is approximately between 3 mm and 40 mm.
- the magnetic field moves in the horizontal direction. This will be the case with the illustrated embodiment by a located in the fall line of the particle, Rotating magnetic drum 4 arranged vertically below the gap is reached.
- the Conveyor belt 5 serves to attract the magnetizable particles attracted by the magnetic field, which are made of iron or at least contain iron, to be transported out of the field because they otherwise would stick to the magnetic rotor.
- the inside of the head drum of the Conveyor belt 5 arranged magnetic drum 4 rotates with much higher Speed than the head drum. Particles with higher conductivity ⁇ become stronger in accelerated in the horizontal direction.
- the moving magnetic field should be arranged as close as possible below the conveyor belt 2, to keep the vertical velocity of the particles low and the deflection by the To increase induction power.
- Both the magnetic drum 4 with its conveyor belt 5 as well the dividers 6 are horizontally and vertically adjustable so that the distances to the have the respective optimal conditions adjusted.
- the device described above has an effect over the conventional designs significant increase in selectivity since the sorting according to the material properties is not is overlaid by the disruptive influencing factors described.
Description
- DE 34 16 504 A1
- Andreas, U.: "Trennung von Nichteisenmetallschrott (Abschnitt 3.1)", Aufbereitungstechnik 35 (1994) Nr. 2, S.73
- Tiltmann, K. O.: "Recycling betrieblicher Abfälle", Teil 5/2.2.1, S. 1 bis 6, WEKA Fachverlag für technische Führungskräfte GmbH, Augsburg, Oktober 1993
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zur Steigerung der Trennschärfe von Wirbelstromscheidern, mit dem vereinzelte Teile oder Teilchen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit aus einem Gutsstrom in einem bewegten Magnetfeld abgeschieden werden, das unter dem Gusstrom erzeugt wird, wobei dem Gutsstrom eine vertikale Bewegung aufgeprägt wird, so daß sich der Gutsstrom im freien Fall bewegt, wobei die Teile oder Teilchen mit höherer elektrischer Leitfähigkeit κ unter dem Einfluß des Magnetfeldes stärker in horizontaler Richtung und die Teile oder Teilchen mit geringerer Dichte ρ langsamer in vertikaler Richtung beschleunigt werden, so daß die Teile oder Teilchen mit dem größten Trennfaktor κ/ρ als erste und am stärksten aus der Fallinie in horizontaler Richtung ausgelenkt werden und der Gutsstrom dadurch fraktioniert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Magnetfeld unter dem Gutsstrom in horizontaler Richtung bewegt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der horizontalen Beschleunigung der Teilchen auf Grund des auf sie einwirkenden Magnetfeldes eine Fraktionierung der Teilchen nach ihrer Größe, Form und Masse vorgenommen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtdicke des aus den vereinzelten Teilchen bestehenden Gutsstromes an die maximale Teilchengröße angepaßt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, mit einer den zu behandelnden Gutsstrom aufnehmenden und die Teilchen dieses Gutsstromes vereinzelnden Förderstrecke, an deren Ende eine einen Förderspalt bildende Vorrichtung angeordnet ist, durch die die vereinzelten Teilchen im freien Fall vertikal oder nahezu vertikal hindurchfallen, sowie mit einer einen elektrischen Wirbelstrom erzeugenden Einrichtung unterhalb des Spaltes, die auf die leitfähigen Teilchen eine Kraft ausübt und sie aus dem Magnetfeld transportiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spaltweite der den Spalt bildenden Vorrichtung (3, 8) an die Größe der Teilchen (7) anpaßbar ist und daß die Magnettrommel (4) in bezug auf die den Spalt bildende Vorrichtung horizontal und vertikal verstellbar angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fraktioniereinrichtung, die zwischen der das auf die leitfähigen Teilchen (7) einwirkende Magnetfeld erzeugenden Vorrichtung und der Spaltbildungsvorrichtung (3, 8) angeordnet ist, sich seitlich neben der Fallinie der Teilchen (7) befindet und in bezug aufeinander einen Abstand aufweisende Trennbleche (6) besitzt, die die durch das Magnetfeld in Abhängigkeit vom Trennfaktor κ/ρ aus dem freien Fall abgelenkten Teilchen (7) aufnehmen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennbleche (6) horizontal und vertikal verstellbar sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1996149154 DE19649154C1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Trennschärfe von Wirbelstromscheidern |
DE19649154 | 1996-11-27 | ||
PCT/EP1997/006510 WO1998023378A2 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-11-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steigerung der trennschärfe von wirbelstromscheidern |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0881952A2 EP0881952A2 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
EP0881952B1 true EP0881952B1 (de) | 2002-04-24 |
Family
ID=7812935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951936A Expired - Lifetime EP0881952B1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-11-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steigerung der trennschärfe von wirbelstromscheidern |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0881952B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19649154C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998023378A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6693443B2 (en) | 1999-04-02 | 2004-02-17 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Systems for detecting and measuring inclusions |
DE19932480C1 (de) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-06-07 | Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau | Trennanlage und Verfahren zur Auftrennung einer NE-Metalle enthaltenden Fraktion aus einer Elektrikschrottaufbereitung |
CN100553785C (zh) * | 2005-04-28 | 2009-10-28 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 磁力分离净化装置及磁力分离净化方法 |
NL2001431C2 (nl) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-05 | Univ Delft Tech | Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een afvalstroom. |
EP2412452B1 (de) | 2010-07-28 | 2013-06-05 | Inashco R&D B.V. | Trennvorrichtung |
NL2006306C2 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | Inashco R & D B V | Eddy current seperation apparatus, separation module, separation method and method for adjusting an eddy current separation apparatus. |
NL2013128B1 (nl) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-09-09 | Goudsmit Magnetic Systems B V | Omleidrol voor een non-ferro afvalscheider, alsmede non-ferro afvalscheider voorzien van de omleidrol. |
CN106670103A (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-17 | 华侨大学 | 用于分离颗粒状物料和片状物料的分选装置及分选方法 |
CN112024119B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-05-05 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | 一种用于智慧建筑的垃圾处理系统 |
CN113186034B (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-12-09 | 西南大学 | 柑橘皮渣中芳香组分的提取方法和设备以及应用 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2480624A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-22 | 1981-10-23 | Stephanois Rech Mec | Procede et dispositif pour separer par induction des particules de materiaux |
DE3416504A1 (de) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Wagner Kg, Fabrik Elektromagnetischer Apparate, 8941 Heimertingen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von gemengen von stoffen mit unterschiedlichen elektrischen leitfaehigkeiten |
FR2668719A1 (fr) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-07 | Juillet Hubert | Systeme de separation des metaux non ferreux. |
US5494172A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1996-02-27 | Miller Compressing Company | Magnetic pulley assembly |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 DE DE1996149154 patent/DE19649154C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-21 WO PCT/EP1997/006510 patent/WO1998023378A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-21 EP EP97951936A patent/EP0881952B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998023378A3 (de) | 2001-05-03 |
WO1998023378A2 (de) | 1998-06-04 |
DE19649154C1 (de) | 1998-03-26 |
EP0881952A2 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
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