EP0881952A2 - Procede et dispositif pour augmenter la precision de separation de separateurs a courant de foucault - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour augmenter la precision de separation de separateurs a courant de foucault

Info

Publication number
EP0881952A2
EP0881952A2 EP97951936A EP97951936A EP0881952A2 EP 0881952 A2 EP0881952 A2 EP 0881952A2 EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 97951936 A EP97951936 A EP 97951936A EP 0881952 A2 EP0881952 A2 EP 0881952A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
magnetic field
conveyor belt
gap
horizontal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97951936A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0881952B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Meier-Staude
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEIER STAUDE ROBERT
Original Assignee
MEIER STAUDE ROBERT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MEIER STAUDE ROBERT filed Critical MEIER STAUDE ROBERT
Publication of EP0881952A2 publication Critical patent/EP0881952A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0881952B1 publication Critical patent/EP0881952B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the selectivity of eddy current separators, with which individual particles of different electrical conductivity are separated from a material stream in a moving magnetic field which is generated under the material stream and is moved in the horizontal direction.
  • the invention also relates to a device for performing such a method.
  • a time-varying magnetic field induces a voltage in a conductor.
  • the current flow generated in this way called eddy current, in turn generates a magnetic field which is opposite to the generating magnetic field. If the generating magnetic field moves in a suitable manner or the field lines of the generating field have a suitable shape, a force is exerted on the conductor, which is referred to below as the induction force.
  • the prior art includes eddy current separators which work according to this principle, but which have only been used for the last few years, since sufficiently strong permanent magnetic materials are only available during this time. In addition to magnetic separation, eddy current separation is an important process in recycling technology today.
  • a variation of this design consists in arranging the magnet rotor in the headband reel eccentrically and movably, as shown in FIG. 3 of the attached drawing. This allows the rotor position to be optimized specifically for the feed material. Other manufacturers achieve a similar effect by not designing the conveyor belt and thus the goods task horizontally.
  • a horizontally displaceable roller enables the belt angle to be varied in a range between approximately 5 ° and 15 °, as can be seen from FIG. 4 of the drawing attached here.
  • the different trajectory of the particles enables the particles to be separated.
  • the weight force FG, the induction force Fi and the resistance force F ⁇ act on the particle. Weight and induction are of primary importance.
  • the shape of the particles and the properties of the material, such as conductivity K and density p, determine the ratio of induction force to weight.
  • the separation of the particles from a particle stream is therefore the ratio / p.
  • the weight acts on the particle at all times in the direction of fall.
  • the induction force always acts in the direction of movement of the magnetic field, i.e. when using a magnetic rotor tangential to the direction of rotation. Depending on the position of the particle, there is a different direction of the induction force in the x / y coordinate system or relative to it
  • the angle which the two forces enclose in the course of the particle trajectory varies by almost 180 °.
  • the induction force acts almost opposite to the weight force. If the particle is above the magnetic rotor, the force acts horizontally in the direction of the conveyor belt movement, thus accelerating the particle out of the material flow in the x direction. If the particle is on the other side of the magnetic rotor, it is even accelerated in the direction of the weight. It should also be noted that the induction force decreases exponentially with the distance to the magnetic pole surface. If the magnetic rotor is operated in opposite directions, which is particularly necessary for small particles, the direction of the induction force reverses. However, the effect of the direction of the induction force, which changes as a function of time, remains the same.
  • the particle with the larger separation factor lifts off the conveyor belt earlier and is accelerated faster against the weight of the material flow.
  • the particle is further away from the pole surface, so that the acceleration in the direction of the conveyor belt can be significantly less than for particles with a smaller separation factor.
  • This can lead to particles with a smaller separation factor achieving a longer flight distance.
  • a higher or lower factor leads to shorter throw distances. It follows from this that separation according to the separation factor is not possible in the eddy current separator designs known hitherto.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to develop an eddy current separator type which enables separation according to the material separation factor ⁇ / p.
  • a device In order to decisively improve the selectivity in the eddy current sorting, a device must be designed so that the particles are accelerated and deflected from the material flow in accordance with the separation factor.
  • the induction force should act horizontally according to the invention. This is especially true in the area of the separator where the particles are deflected from their gravity movement. This area is also the area with the greatest force.
  • the combination of these procedural features is fulfilled if the material stream to be separated or fractionated is not guided horizontally but vertically, and the magnetic field moves horizontally beneath the material stream. In this case, the induction force always acts perpendicular to the weight, especially when the deflection or deflection begins
  • the feed material has to be fed to the separator individually in order to largely prevent the particles from interfering with one another.
  • the material flow is therefore fed via a vibrating trough 1 onto a driven conveyor belt 2, which runs over the deflection rollers 8, 9.
  • a vertical movement is impressed on the material flow consisting of the particles 7.
  • This is achieved by a drum 3 rotating in opposite directions at the conveyor belt speed, which is arranged at a distance behind the deflection roller 8.
  • the material flow must pass the sufficiently large gap between conveyor belt 2 or deflection roller 8 and drum 3 and is in free fall.
  • the drum 3 can be for the above
  • vertical plates that delimit the gap.
  • the gap width is adapted to the maximum particle size.
  • the particle size is approximately between 3 mm and 40 mm.
  • the magnetic field moves in the horizontal direction.
  • this is achieved by a rotating magnetic drum 4 located in the falling line of the particle and arranged vertically below the gap.
  • the conveyor belt 5 serves to transport the magnetizable particles which are attracted by the magnetic field and which consist of iron or at least contain iron from the field, since they would otherwise adhere to the magnet rotor.
  • the magnetic drum 4 arranged inside the head drum of the conveyor belt 5 rotates at a much higher speed
  • the moving magnetic field should be arranged as close as possible below the conveyor belt 2 in order to keep the vertical speed of the particles low and to increase the deflection by the induction force.
  • Both the magnetic drum 4 with its conveyor belt 5 and the separating plates 6 can be adjusted horizontally and vertically, so that the distances can be adapted to the respective optimal conditions.
  • the device described above brings about a significant increase in the selectivity compared to the conventional types, since the sorting according to the material properties is not superimposed by the disruptive influencing factors described.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Des procédés connus de ce type ne peuvent pas donner entière satisfaction aussi bien en ce qui concerne le degré d'efficacité qu'en ce qui concerne l'utilité technique. Pour améliorer ces facteurs, il est donc proposé que le flux de matière (7) divisé soit d'abord soumis à un mouvement vertical et que le champ magnétique (tambour magnétique 4) situé en-dessous se déplace dans le sens horizontal, de sorte que ledit flux de matière exécute d'abord, sous l'influence du champ magnétique, une chute libre, les parties ou les particules présentant une conductibilité électrique kappa plus élevée étant accélérées plus fortement dans le sens horizontal et les parties ou particules présentant une densité rho plus faible étant accélérées plus lentement dans le sens vertical, de sorte que les parties ou particules présentant le plus grand facteur de séparation kappa / rho sont déviées les premières, et de la façon la plus forte, de l'axe de chute, dans le sens horizontal, et que le flux de matière est fractionné en conséquence. Le dispositif pour séparateur à courant de Foucault à créer par la mise en oeuvre du procédé doit permettre une séparation de particules électroconductrices en fonction du facteur de séparation kappa / rho de la matière. A cet effet, le dispositif est conçu de sorte que l'accélération des particules et leur déviation du flux de matière se fassent en fonction du facteur de séparation.
EP97951936A 1996-11-27 1997-11-21 Procede et dispositif pour augmenter la precision de separation de separateurs a courant de foucault Expired - Lifetime EP0881952B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996149154 DE19649154C1 (de) 1996-11-27 1996-11-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steigerung der Trennschärfe von Wirbelstromscheidern
DE19649154 1996-11-27
PCT/EP1997/006510 WO1998023378A2 (fr) 1996-11-27 1997-11-21 Procede et dispositif pour augmenter la precision de separation de separateurs a courant de foucault

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0881952A2 true EP0881952A2 (fr) 1998-12-09
EP0881952B1 EP0881952B1 (fr) 2002-04-24

Family

ID=7812935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97951936A Expired - Lifetime EP0881952B1 (fr) 1996-11-27 1997-11-21 Procede et dispositif pour augmenter la precision de separation de separateurs a courant de foucault

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0881952B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19649154C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998023378A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6693443B2 (en) 1999-04-02 2004-02-17 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Systems for detecting and measuring inclusions
DE19932480C1 (de) * 1999-07-12 2001-06-07 Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau Trennanlage und Verfahren zur Auftrennung einer NE-Metalle enthaltenden Fraktion aus einer Elektrikschrottaufbereitung
CN100553785C (zh) * 2005-04-28 2009-10-28 株式会社日立制作所 磁力分离净化装置及磁力分离净化方法
NL2001431C2 (nl) 2008-04-02 2009-10-05 Univ Delft Tech Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een afvalstroom.
PL2412452T3 (pl) 2010-07-28 2013-10-31 Adr Tech B V Urządzenie rozdzielające
NL2006306C2 (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-08-29 Inashco R & D B V Eddy current seperation apparatus, separation module, separation method and method for adjusting an eddy current separation apparatus.
NL2013128B1 (nl) * 2014-07-04 2016-09-09 Goudsmit Magnetic Systems B V Omleidrol voor een non-ferro afvalscheider, alsmede non-ferro afvalscheider voorzien van de omleidrol.
CN106670103A (zh) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-17 华侨大学 用于分离颗粒状物料和片状物料的分选装置及分选方法
CN112024119B (zh) * 2020-09-07 2023-05-05 重庆工程职业技术学院 一种用于智慧建筑的垃圾处理系统
CN113186034B (zh) * 2021-04-28 2022-12-09 西南大学 柑橘皮渣中芳香组分的提取方法和设备以及应用
CN117943200B (zh) * 2024-03-14 2024-06-07 山东上元再生资源有限公司 一种废钢回收清洁用磁选装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2480624A1 (fr) * 1980-04-22 1981-10-23 Stephanois Rech Mec Procede et dispositif pour separer par induction des particules de materiaux
DE3416504A1 (de) * 1984-05-04 1985-11-07 Wagner Kg, Fabrik Elektromagnetischer Apparate, 8941 Heimertingen Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von gemengen von stoffen mit unterschiedlichen elektrischen leitfaehigkeiten
FR2668719A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-07 Juillet Hubert Systeme de separation des metaux non ferreux.
US5494172A (en) * 1994-05-12 1996-02-27 Miller Compressing Company Magnetic pulley assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9823378A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0881952B1 (fr) 2002-04-24
WO1998023378A2 (fr) 1998-06-04
WO1998023378A3 (fr) 2001-05-03
DE19649154C1 (de) 1998-03-26

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