EP0880642B1 - Device for the cleaning of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Device for the cleaning of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0880642B1
EP0880642B1 EP97904288A EP97904288A EP0880642B1 EP 0880642 B1 EP0880642 B1 EP 0880642B1 EP 97904288 A EP97904288 A EP 97904288A EP 97904288 A EP97904288 A EP 97904288A EP 0880642 B1 EP0880642 B1 EP 0880642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
ceramic
ceramic body
counter
megohms
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EP97904288A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0880642A1 (en
Inventor
Carl Maria Prof. Dr. Fleck
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/60—Use of special materials other than liquids
    • B03C3/62—Use of special materials other than liquids ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0217—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of hollow cylindrical bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/0275—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using electric discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/12—Cleaning the device by burning the trapped particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/30—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in or with vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, especially diesel soot filters, according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by constructive Prevent measures.
  • the hollow interior of the ceramic body also on the back by an insulator, preferably by a ceramic stopper, which preferably has a passage Has 1-2mm diameter, through which the inner electrode with high voltage is supplied.
  • the supply of high voltage on the back has the advantage that very low soot deposits are already present in this area and in addition, the field strength at the bushing due to the small diameter the supply line is so high that there is an immediate burning of the there deposited soot, which in turn leads to the formation of conductive soot bridges prevented.
  • the discharge electrode can carried by the ceramic body and at the same high voltage potential how the inner electrode lies.
  • the teeth of the discharge electrode a ceramic coating with a thickness at the tips between 0.05mm and 0.2mm and have an electrical volume resistance per peak between 1 megohm and 1 gigohm, preferably between 10 megohms and 100 megohms.
  • the ceramic coating of the counterelectrode has a thickness between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and an electrical volume resistance between 1Megaohm.cm 2 and a Gigaohm.cm 2 , preferably between 10Megaohm.cm 2 and 100Megaohm .cm 2 .
  • the discharge electrode is preferably coated and / or counter electrode made of one of the materials A1203, TiO, ZrO and Cr0 or mixtures thereof.
  • the inner electrode arranged on the inside of the ceramic body at a distance from the inlet side and preferably also from the outlet side of the Channels of the ceramic body is arranged. This will train conductive soot bridges in the inlet and outlet area of the channels of the ceramic body prevented.
  • a PTC thermistor is arranged between the high-voltage inner electrode and the inner cylindrical surface of the ceramic body.
  • the PTC thermistor preferably increases its volume resistance from values below 10 megohm.cm 2 to at least 100 megohm.cm 2 , preferably 300 megohm.cm 2 , when the temperature rises from 100 ° C. to 500 ° C.
  • the resistance of the ceramic body decreases at higher temperatures too high, the high voltage at the inner electrode must be reduced be because of the high-voltage power supply to the electrical system of the Only limited power can be drawn from the vehicle. Thereby would, in the absence of the PTC thermistor, the one electrically connected in parallel to the inner electrode Discharge electrode or counter electrode set their function.
  • the PTC thermistor compensates for this by increasing its resistance at higher temperatures decreasing resistance of the ceramic body, whereby the function of the discharge electrode or the counter electrode is not impaired becomes. If there is an inhomogeneous current distribution in the ceramic body then there is local heating of the ceramic body, which can lead to thermal damage to the ceramic body. The local warming regulates the resistance of the PTC thermistor local power supply returns, resulting in an even distribution of the supplied Performance comes.
  • a ceramic body is in a cylindrical tube 2 made of metal 1 of circular cross-section through press mats, wire meshes 3 or the like.
  • the hollow cylindrical interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 is closed on both sides by plugs 4, 4 '.
  • On the inner wall 21 of the Ceramic body 1 is an electrically conductive, preferably metallic layer 5 arranged, which as an internal electrode connected to high voltage serves.
  • On the outer cylinder wall of the ceramic body 1 is a Metallic layer 6 serving for the outer electrode and being connected to ground.
  • the ceramic body has continuous in the longitudinal direction Channels 20, which preferably the brick structure known from EP-A 537219 exhibit.
  • the two plugs 4, 4 'each have a bushing 23, 23 ', through which an axially extending, as thin as possible metallic diameter Tube 7 is passed, which the counter electrode 28 on the inlet side wearing.
  • a bushing 23, 23 ' through which an axially extending, as thin as possible metallic diameter Tube 7 is passed, which the counter electrode 28 on the inlet side wearing.
  • 4' inserts (not shown) with in the axial direction of the tube extending shafts or fins are provided.
  • the Tube 7 tapers on the outlet side to a connection end 12, which in a Receiving opening 13 of a cylindrical ceramic holder 10 engages and supplied with high voltage via a conductor 11 guided in the holder 10 becomes.
  • the inner electrode 5 is the conductor 11, the terminal end 12, the Tube 7 and a contact spring 9 attached to tube 7 are connected to high voltage.
  • the ceramic body is preferably made of a cordierite mass manufactured by high pressure extrusion and then at high temperatures burned.
  • the ceramic body 1 should have a very low porosity, preferably less than 0.5%.
  • the height of the channels is usually between 0.6 and 1mm and the width of the channels 20 depending on the radial position between 3 and 6mm.
  • the discharge electrode is formed by a cylindrical tube body 8 having electron-emitting spray teeth 24, which abuts the tube 2.
  • the counterelectrode 28 opposite the discharge electrode 8 has a cylindrical base body which tapers conically in the inlet side.
  • the counter electrode 28 has a ceramic coating 14.
  • the coating has mm a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5, and has a calculated on the 2 cm electrical resistivity of 1megaohm.cm 1Gigaohm.cm 2 to 2, preferably from 2 10Megaohm.cm up to 100Megaohm.cm 2 .
  • the high voltage at the inner electrode 5 and thus at the counter electrode 28 is approximately plus 8 to 12 KV.
  • the high voltage is preferably regulated in proportion to the volume or mass flow of the exhaust gas within an interval of 2 KV / cm to 6KV / cm based on the distance between the inner electrode 5 and the outer electrode 6.
  • the one that flows in on inlet side A is loaded with diesel soot particles
  • Exhaust gas flows into the through the discharge electrode 8 and the counter electrode 28 formed annular channel 26 against the inlet openings of the channels 20 of the Ceramic body 1.
  • the exhaust gas components are ionized in the ring channel 26 and penetrate into the channels 20 of the ceramic body 1. Because of the cross to the Channels 20 established electric field are those contained in the exhaust gas and soot particles on the wall surfaces charged by the discharge electrode 8 of the channels 20 deposited and electrochemically by a due to the high electric field strength forming gas plasma from emitted electrons oxidized. Soot particles from the exhaust gas leaving the annular space 26 due to the plug 4, the interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 and thus the Do not reach inner electrode 5.
  • Soot particles will penetrate into the channels 20 and after deposition the walls of the channels 20 oxidized by the gas plasma. Soot particles, which deposit on the outside of the passage 23 on the plug 4 or on the tube 5 and there form conductive soot bridges due to the small Diameter of the tube 7 and the resulting high field strength there burned by sparking so that there are no longer conductive soot bridges can train.
  • the outlet side B is also at high voltage lying inner electrode 5 protected by the plug 4 '. At the Exhaust side B, the exhaust gas emerging from the channels is already largely from Soot particles freed.
  • the inner electrode extends 5 and the outer electrode 6 not over the entire length of the ceramic body 1, so that 1 in the inlet and outlet area of the ceramic body almost field-free flow area is preserved. This will cause a short circuit the inner electrode 5 with the outer electrode 6 via any to the Soot bridges occurring in the inlet and outlet openings of the channels are excluded.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the main axis of another embodiment of a diesel soot converter.
  • the ceramic body 1 electrically and mechanically from the discharge electrode 29 separated.
  • the one having the continuous channels 20 for the diesel exhaust gases Ceramic body also has an annular cross section and is expanded by press mats or wire mesh 3 in a tubular Part of the exhaust pipe 2 attached.
  • the hollow inner part 22 of the ceramic body 1 is on the inlet side with a non-conductive, preferably ceramic plug 4 closed.
  • On the inner and outer cylinder jacket of the ceramic body 1 is an electrically conductive layer, which acts as a high voltage internal electrode 5 or as an external electrode connected to ground 6 serves.
  • the hollow interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 is on the outlet side by a non-conductive, preferably ceramic plug 4 'closed.
  • the plug 4 ' has a thin bore through which a leads in the thinnest possible metallic tube 7, which the Contacting the inner electrode 5 with the aid of a contact spring 9.
  • the high voltage is the tube 7 through a ceramic in a cylindrical Holder 10 arranged conductor 11 supplied.
  • the back end of the tube 7 is tapered to a pin 12 which is electrically connected to the conductor 11 is connected and engages in a recess 13 of the holder 10.
  • the high voltage values are substantially identical to those of the embodiment Fig. 1, however, has the high voltage on the inner electrode 5 and on the discharge electrode 29 has a negative polarity.
  • the discharge electrode 29 is electrically and mechanically separated arranged by the ceramic body 1 in the pipe 2 of the exhaust line.
  • the discharge electrode 29 has a cylindrical spray teeth 24 supporting base body 25, which is thin on both sides, preferably 2 to 4 mm thick Has pins 18, 18 'through which the discharge electrode 8 in recesses 19, 19 'is supported by ceramic brackets 15, 16.
  • the high voltage is the discharge electrode 29 by a guided in the holder 16 Head 17 supplied via the pin 18.
  • Counterelectrode 30 is by a ceramic coating attached to tube 2 formed, which has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5.
  • the electrical resistance values correspond to those of the counter electrode 14 in the embodiment according to Fig. 1.
  • a PTC thermistor 27 is arranged, which when the temperature rises his resistance increased.
  • the PTC thermistor 27 compensates for the increase its resistance is the decreasing resistance at higher temperatures of the ceramic body 1.
  • the exhaust gas entering at A is in the annular space 26 between the discharge electrode 29 and counter electrode 30 ionize and flow through the channels 20 of the ceramic body 1 and leaves the soot filter at B. Due to the electrical built up between the inner electrode 5 and outer electrode 6 In the field, the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas are separated on the side walls of the channels 20. Step out of the walls of the channels 20 due to the temperature caused electrons from there prevailing electric field accelerated towards the soot deposits become and initiate an oxidation of the soot deposits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the cleaning of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular a diesel exhaust soot filter. Said device has a discharge electrode (8), a counterelectrode (28) opposite thereto for electrical charging of the exhaust gas components, a ceramic structure (1) with a circular cross-section and ducts (20) extending therethrough in the direction of flow, and an internal electrode (5) at high voltage. This electrode is arranged on the inner cylinder wall (21) of the ceramic structure (1) and creates an electrical field at right angles to the ducts (20) passing through said ceramic structure. The soot particles are deposited and oxidised on the walls of the ducts (20), and a separation is provided to prevent flow through the hollow internal space (22) of the ceramic structure (1). To prevent the formation of conductive soot bridges between high-voltage-conducting components and earth the separation of the hollow internal space (22) of the ceramic structure (1) is an electrical insulator, preferably a ceramic stopper (4), arranged at the inlet side of the gas stream.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen aus Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, insbesondere Dieselrußfilter, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for cleaning exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, especially diesel soot filters, according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Die Nachteile dieses etwa aus der EP-A 332609 oder EP-A 537219 bekannten Dieselrußfilters sind, daß die im Rußfilter außerhalb der Kanäle des Keramikkörpers abgelagerten Rußpartikel nach einiger Zeit leitende Brücken zwischen Innenelektrode und Masse bilden, die zu parasitären Strömen und permanent sich bildenden Funkenstrecken führen.The disadvantages of this, for example, from EP-A 332609 or EP-A 537219 Known diesel soot filters are that in the soot filter outside the channels of the Ceramic body deposited soot particles after some time conductive bridges form between the inner electrode and ground leading to parasitic currents and permanent spark lines that form.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile durch konstruktive Maßnahmen zu unterbinden.The object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by constructive Prevent measures.

Dies wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs angeführten Art durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruches 1 angeführten Merkmale erreicht.This is done in a device of the type mentioned achieved in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Durch das Verschließen des die auf Hochspannung liegende Innenelektrode enthaltenden Hohlraumes kann es zu keiner permanenten Ausbildung von leitenden Rußablagerungen außerhalb der Kanäle des Keramikkörpers kommen.By closing the internal electrode which is at high voltage containing cavity can lead to no permanent training come from conductive soot deposits outside the channels of the ceramic body.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, daß der hohle Innenraum des Keramikkörpers auch an der Rückseite durch einen Isolator, vorzugsweise durch einen keramischen Stopfen, verschlossen ist, der einen Durchlaß von vorzugsweise 1-2mm Durchmesser aufweist, durch den die Innenelektrode mit Hochspannung versorgt wird.It is preferably provided that the hollow interior of the ceramic body also on the back by an insulator, preferably by a ceramic stopper, which preferably has a passage Has 1-2mm diameter, through which the inner electrode with high voltage is supplied.

Die Zuführung der Hochspannung an der Rückseite hat den Vorteil, daß in diesem Bereich bereits sehr geringe Rußablagerungen vorhanden sind und darüber hinaus die Feldstärke an der Durchführung durch den geringen Durchmesser der Zuleitung so hoch ist, daß es zu einem sofortigen Abbrennen des dort angelagerten Rußes kommt was wiederum die Ausbildung von leitenden Rußbrücken verhindert.The supply of high voltage on the back has the advantage that very low soot deposits are already present in this area and in addition, the field strength at the bushing due to the small diameter the supply line is so high that there is an immediate burning of the there deposited soot, which in turn leads to the formation of conductive soot bridges prevented.

Um die Entladungselektrode besonders zu isolieren, kann die Entladungselektrode vom Keramikkörper getragen werden und auf gleichem Hochspannungspotential wie die Innenelektrode liegen.In order to particularly isolate the discharge electrode, the discharge electrode can carried by the ceramic body and at the same high voltage potential how the inner electrode lies.

Die Neigung zur Funkenbildung im Bereich der Entladungselektrode durch den abgeschiedenen Ruß wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch begegnet, daß die der Entladungselektrode gegenüberliegende Gegenelektrode eine keramische Beschichtung mit hohem elektrischen Widerstand aufweist.The tendency to spark in the area of the discharge electrode the soot deposited counteracts according to the invention by that the opposite electrode opposite the discharge electrode is a ceramic one Has coating with high electrical resistance.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, daß die Zähne der Entladungselektrode an ihren Spitzen eine keramische Beschichtung mit einer Stärke zwischen 0,05mm und 0,2 mm aufweisen und dabei einen elektrischen Durchgangswiderstand je Spitze zwischen 1Megaohm und 1 Gigaohm, vorzugsweise zwischen 10Megaohm und 100 Megaohm, besitzen.It has proven advantageous that the teeth of the discharge electrode a ceramic coating with a thickness at the tips between 0.05mm and 0.2mm and have an electrical volume resistance per peak between 1 megohm and 1 gigohm, preferably between 10 megohms and 100 megohms.

Es kann erfindungsgemäß auch zweckmäßig sein, daß die keramische Beschichtung der Gegenelektrode eine Stärke zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm aufweist und dabei einen elektrischen Durchgangswiderstand zwischen 1Megaohm.cm2 und ein Gigaohm.cm2, vorzugsweise zwischen 10Megaohm.cm2 und 100Megaohm.cm2, besitzt.It can also be expedient according to the invention that the ceramic coating of the counterelectrode has a thickness between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and an electrical volume resistance between 1Megaohm.cm 2 and a Gigaohm.cm 2 , preferably between 10Megaohm.cm 2 and 100Megaohm .cm 2 .

Vorzugsweise besteht die die Beschichtung der Entladungselektrode und/oder Gegenelektrode aus einem der Materialien A1203, TiO, ZrO und Cr0 oder Mischungen daraus.The discharge electrode is preferably coated and / or counter electrode made of one of the materials A1203, TiO, ZrO and Cr0 or mixtures thereof.

Gemäß einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Merkmal ist vorgesehen, daß die an der Innenseite des Keramikkörpers angeordnete Innenelektrode im Abstand von der Einlaßseite und vorzugsweise auch von der Auslaßseite der Kanäle des Keramikkörpers angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird die Ausbildung von leitenden Rußbrücken im Einlaß- bzw. Auslaßbereich der Kanäle des Keramikkörpers verhindert.According to a further feature according to the invention, that the inner electrode arranged on the inside of the ceramic body at a distance from the inlet side and preferably also from the outlet side of the Channels of the ceramic body is arranged. This will train conductive soot bridges in the inlet and outlet area of the channels of the ceramic body prevented.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß zwischen der auf Hochspannung liegenden Innenelektrode und der inneren Zylinderfläche des Keramikkörpers ein Kaltleiter angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise erhöht der Kaltleiter seinen Durchgangswiderstand von Werten unter 10 Megaohm.cm2 auf mindestens 100 Megaohm.cm2, vorzugsweise 300 Megaohm.cm2, bei einem Temperaturanstieg von 100°C auf 500°C.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that a PTC thermistor is arranged between the high-voltage inner electrode and the inner cylindrical surface of the ceramic body. The PTC thermistor preferably increases its volume resistance from values below 10 megohm.cm 2 to at least 100 megohm.cm 2 , preferably 300 megohm.cm 2 , when the temperature rises from 100 ° C. to 500 ° C.

Nimmt bei höheren Temperaturen der Widerstand des Keramikkörpers zu stark ab, so muß die Hochspannung an der Innenelektrode herabgesetzt werden, da von dem die Hochspannung liefernden Netzgerät dem Bordnetz des Fahrzeuges nur eine begrenzte Leistung entnommen werden kann. Dadurch würde bei Fehlen des Kaltleiters die zur Innenelektrode elektrisch parallel geschaltene Entladungselektrode bzw. Gegenelektrode ihre Funktion einstellen. Der Kaltleiter dagegen kompensiert durch den Anstieg seines Widerstandes den bei höheren Temperaturen abnehmenden Widerstand des Keramikkörpers, wodurch die Funktion der Entladungselektrode bzw, der Gegenelektrode nicht beeinträchtigt wird. Stellt sich im Keramikkörper eine inhomogene Stromverteilung ein, so ergibt sich weiter eine lokale Erwärmung des Keramikkörpers, welche zu thermischen Beschädigung des Kermamikkörpers führen kann. Die lokale Erwärmung regelt über den wachsenden Widerstand des Kaltleiters die lokale Stromzufuhr zurück, wodurch es zu einer Gleichverteilung der zugeführten Leistung kommt.The resistance of the ceramic body decreases at higher temperatures too high, the high voltage at the inner electrode must be reduced be because of the high-voltage power supply to the electrical system of the Only limited power can be drawn from the vehicle. Thereby would, in the absence of the PTC thermistor, the one electrically connected in parallel to the inner electrode Discharge electrode or counter electrode set their function. The PTC thermistor, on the other hand, compensates for this by increasing its resistance at higher temperatures decreasing resistance of the ceramic body, whereby the function of the discharge electrode or the counter electrode is not impaired becomes. If there is an inhomogeneous current distribution in the ceramic body then there is local heating of the ceramic body, which can lead to thermal damage to the ceramic body. The local warming regulates the resistance of the PTC thermistor local power supply returns, resulting in an even distribution of the supplied Performance comes.

Die Erfindung wird nun näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erklärt. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, und
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie III-III der Fig. 2.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a device according to the invention.
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, and
Fig. 3
3 shows a sectional view along the line III-III of FIG. 2.

In einem zylinderförmigen Rohr 2 aus Metall ist ein Keramikkörper 1 von kreisringförmigem Querschnitt durch Preßmatten, Drahtgeflechte 3 oder dgl. befestigt. Der hohle zylindrische Innenraum 22 des Keramikkörpers 1 ist zu beiden Seiten durch Stopfen 4, 4' verschlossen. An der Innenwand 21 des Keramikkörpers 1 ist eine elektrisch leitende vorzugsweise metallische Schicht 5 angeordnet, welche als eine mit Hochspannung verbundene Innenelektrode dient. An der äußeren Zylinderwand des Keramikkörpers 1 ist eine als Außenelektrode dienende und an Masse liegende metallische Schicht 6 angeordnet. Der Keramikkörper weist in Längsrichtung verlaufende durchgehende Kanäle 20 auf, welche vorzugsweise die aus der EP-A 537219 bekannte Ziegelstruktur aufweisen. Die beiden Stopfen 4, 4' besitzen je eine Durchführung 23, 23', durch die ein axial verlaufendes, im Durchmesser möglichst dünnes metallisches Rohr 7 hindurchgeführt ist, welches einlaßseitig die Gegenelektrode 28 trägt. Um das Rohr 7 lagemäßig zu sichern können in den Durchführungen 23, 23' zwischen Rohr 7 und Isolatoren 4, 4' Einsätze (nicht gezeigt) mit in Achsrichtung des Rohres verlaufenden Wellen oder Rippen vorgesehen werden. Das Rohr 7 verjüngt sich auslaßseitig zu einem Anschlußende 12, welches in einer Aufnahmeöffnung 13 eines zylinderförmigen keramischen Halters 10 eingreift und über eine in dem Halter 10 geführten Leiter 11 mit Hochspannung versorgt wird. Die Innenelektrode 5 ist über den Leiter 11, das Anschlußende 12, das Rohr 7 und eine am Rohr 7 befestigte Kontaktfeder 9 mit Hochspannung verbunden. Zwischen der an Hochspannung liegenden Innenelektrode 5 und der an Masse liegenden Außenelektrode 6 baut sich im Keramikkörper quer zu den durchlaufenden Kanälen 20 ein elektrisches Feld auf. Zur Unterstützung dieses Feldes kann das Rohr 7 zwischen den Isolatoren 4,4' als Sprühelektrode ausgebildet sein. Der Keramikkörper wird vorzugsweise aus einer Cordieritmasse durch Hochdruckextrusion hergestellt und anschließend bei hohen Temperaturen gebrannt. Der Keramikkörper 1 soll eine sehr geringe Porosität , vorzugsweise geringer als 0,5%, aufweisen. Die Höhe der Kanäle liegt üblicherweise zwischen 0,6 und 1mm und die Breite der Kanäle 20 je nach radialer Lage etwa zwischen 3 und 6mm.A ceramic body is in a cylindrical tube 2 made of metal 1 of circular cross-section through press mats, wire meshes 3 or the like. The hollow cylindrical interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 is closed on both sides by plugs 4, 4 '. On the inner wall 21 of the Ceramic body 1 is an electrically conductive, preferably metallic layer 5 arranged, which as an internal electrode connected to high voltage serves. On the outer cylinder wall of the ceramic body 1 is a Metallic layer 6 serving for the outer electrode and being connected to ground. The ceramic body has continuous in the longitudinal direction Channels 20, which preferably the brick structure known from EP-A 537219 exhibit. The two plugs 4, 4 'each have a bushing 23, 23 ', through which an axially extending, as thin as possible metallic diameter Tube 7 is passed, which the counter electrode 28 on the inlet side wearing. In order to secure the position of the pipe 7 in the bushings 23, 23 'between pipe 7 and insulators 4, 4' inserts (not shown) with in the axial direction of the tube extending shafts or fins are provided. The Tube 7 tapers on the outlet side to a connection end 12, which in a Receiving opening 13 of a cylindrical ceramic holder 10 engages and supplied with high voltage via a conductor 11 guided in the holder 10 becomes. The inner electrode 5 is the conductor 11, the terminal end 12, the Tube 7 and a contact spring 9 attached to tube 7 are connected to high voltage. Between the high-voltage inner electrode 5 and the Ground external electrode 6 builds up in the ceramic body transversely to the through channels 20 an electric field. To support this In the field, the tube 7 between the insulators 4, 4 'can be designed as a spray electrode be. The ceramic body is preferably made of a cordierite mass manufactured by high pressure extrusion and then at high temperatures burned. The ceramic body 1 should have a very low porosity, preferably less than 0.5%. The height of the channels is usually between 0.6 and 1mm and the width of the channels 20 depending on the radial position between 3 and 6mm.

Die Entladungselektrode wird durch einen Elektronen emittierende Sprühzähne 24 aufweisenden zylindrischen Rohrkörper8 gebildet, der am Rohr 2 anliegt. Die der Entladungselektrode 8 gegenüberliegende Gegenelektrode 28 besitzt einen zylindrischen Grundkörper, der sich einlaßseitig konusförmig verjüngt. Die Gegenelektrode 28 besitzt eine keramische Beschichtung 14. Die Beschichtung hat eine Stärke von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm und besitzt einen auf den cm2 bezogenen elektrischen Durchgangswiderstand von 1megaohm.cm2 bis 1Gigaohm.cm2, vorzugsweise von 10Megaohm.cm2 bis 100Megaohm.cm2. Die Hochspannung an der Innenelektrode 5 und damit an der Gegenelektrode 28 beträgt etwa plus 8 bis 12 KV. Vorzugsweise wird die Hochspannung proportional dem Volumen oder Massenstrom des Abgases innerhalb eine Intervalles von 2 KV/cm bis 6KV/cm bezogen auf den Abstand zwischen Innenelektrode 5 und Außenelektrode 6 geregelt.The discharge electrode is formed by a cylindrical tube body 8 having electron-emitting spray teeth 24, which abuts the tube 2. The counterelectrode 28 opposite the discharge electrode 8 has a cylindrical base body which tapers conically in the inlet side. The counter electrode 28 has a ceramic coating 14. The coating has mm a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5, and has a calculated on the 2 cm electrical resistivity of 1megaohm.cm 1Gigaohm.cm 2 to 2, preferably from 2 10Megaohm.cm up to 100Megaohm.cm 2 . The high voltage at the inner electrode 5 and thus at the counter electrode 28 is approximately plus 8 to 12 KV. The high voltage is preferably regulated in proportion to the volume or mass flow of the exhaust gas within an interval of 2 KV / cm to 6KV / cm based on the distance between the inner electrode 5 and the outer electrode 6.

Das an der Einlaßseite A einströmende mit Dieselrußpartikeln beladene Abgas strömt in den durch die Entladungselektrode 8 und die Gegenelektrode 28 gebildeten Ringkanal 26 gegen die Einlaßöffnungen der Kanäle 20 des Keramikkörpers 1. Die Abgasbestandteile werden im Ringkanal 26 ionisiert und dringen in die Kanäle 20 des Keramikkörpers 1 ein. Auf Grund des quer zu den Kanälen 20 aufgebauten elektrischen Feldes werden die im Abgas enthaltenen und durch die Entladungselektrode 8 aufgeladenen Rußpartikeln an den Wandflächen der Kanäle 20 abgelagert und elektrochemisch durch ein auf Grund der hohe elektrischen Feldstärke sich bildendes Gasplasma aus emittierten Elektronen oxidiert. Rußpartikel des den Ringraum 26 verlassenden Abgases können auf Grund des Stopfens 4 den Innenraum 22 des Kermikkörpers 1 und damit die Innenelektrode 5 nicht erreichen. Der überwiegende Teil der im Abgas enthaltenen Rußpartikeln wird in die Kanäle 20 eindringen und nach Ablagerung an den Wänden der Kanäle 20 durch das Gasplasma oxidiert. Rußpartikel, welche sich an der Außenseite des Durchlasses 23 am Stopfen 4 oder am Rohr 5 ablagern und dort leitende Rußbrücken bilden werden auf Grund des geringen Durchmesser der Rohres 7 und der dadurch dort herrschenden hohen Feldstärke durch Funkenbildung verbrannt, so daß sich dort keine längeren leitenden Rußbrücken ausbilden können. Auch von der Auslaßseite B her ist die auf Hochspannung liegende Innenelektrode 5 durch den Stopfen 4' geschützt. An der Auslaßseite B ist das aus den Kanälen austretende Abgas bereits weitgehend von Rußpartikeln befreit. Werden jedoch Restbestandteile von Ruß an der Auslaßseite B am Rohr 7 bzw. am Abschlußende 12 abgelagert, kommt es auf Grund des geringen Durchmessers des Rohres 7 bzw. des Anschlußendes 12 zum Auftreten von hohen Feldstärken, durch die der dort abgelagerte Ruß durch Funkenbildung verbrennt. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, erstreckt sich die Innenelektrode 5 und die Außenelektrode 6 nicht über die gesamte Länge des Keramikkörpers 1, so daß im Einlaß- und Auslaßbereich des Keramikkörpers 1 ein annähernd feldfreier Strömungsbereich erhalten bleibt. Dadurch wird ein Kurzschließen der Innenelektrode 5 mit der Außenelektrode 6 über allfällige an den Einlaß- bzw. Auslaßöffnungen der Kanäle auftretende Rußbrücken ausgeschlossen.The one that flows in on inlet side A is loaded with diesel soot particles Exhaust gas flows into the through the discharge electrode 8 and the counter electrode 28 formed annular channel 26 against the inlet openings of the channels 20 of the Ceramic body 1. The exhaust gas components are ionized in the ring channel 26 and penetrate into the channels 20 of the ceramic body 1. Because of the cross to the Channels 20 established electric field are those contained in the exhaust gas and soot particles on the wall surfaces charged by the discharge electrode 8 of the channels 20 deposited and electrochemically by a due to the high electric field strength forming gas plasma from emitted electrons oxidized. Soot particles from the exhaust gas leaving the annular space 26 due to the plug 4, the interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 and thus the Do not reach inner electrode 5. The majority of those contained in the exhaust gas Soot particles will penetrate into the channels 20 and after deposition the walls of the channels 20 oxidized by the gas plasma. Soot particles, which deposit on the outside of the passage 23 on the plug 4 or on the tube 5 and there form conductive soot bridges due to the small Diameter of the tube 7 and the resulting high field strength there burned by sparking so that there are no longer conductive soot bridges can train. The outlet side B is also at high voltage lying inner electrode 5 protected by the plug 4 '. At the Exhaust side B, the exhaust gas emerging from the channels is already largely from Soot particles freed. However, residual components of soot on the Deposited on the outlet side B at the pipe 7 or at the end 12, it occurs Because of the small diameter of the tube 7 or the connection end 12 to the occurrence of high field strengths, through which the soot deposited there Sparking burns. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the inner electrode extends 5 and the outer electrode 6 not over the entire length of the ceramic body 1, so that 1 in the inlet and outlet area of the ceramic body almost field-free flow area is preserved. This will cause a short circuit the inner electrode 5 with the outer electrode 6 via any to the Soot bridges occurring in the inlet and outlet openings of the channels are excluded.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Hauptachse einer anderen Ausführungsform eines Dieselrußkonverters. Beim Dieselrußkonverter nach Fig.2 ist der Keramikkörper 1 elektrisch und mechanisch von der Entladungselektrode 29 getrennt. Der die durchgehenden Kanäle 20 für die Dieselabgase aufweisende Keramikkörper weist gleichfalls kreisringförmigen Querschnitt auf und ist durch Preßmatten oder Drahtgeflechte 3 in einem erweiterten, rohrförmigen Teil des Abgasrohres 2 befestigt. Der hohle Innenteil 22 des Keramikkörpers 1 ist einlaßseitig mit einem nichtleitenden vorzugsweise keramischen Stopfen 4 verschlossen. Am inneren und äußeren Zylindermantel des Keramikkörpers 1 ist eine elektrisch leitende Schicht angeordnet, welche als eine an Hochspannung liegende Innenelektrode 5 bzw. als an Masse liegende Außenelektrode 6 dient. Der hohle Innenraum 22 des Keramikkörpers 1 ist an der Auslaßseite durch einen nichtleitenden vorzugsweise keramischen Stopfen 4'verschlossen. Der Stopfen 4' besitzt eine dünnen Bohrung, durch die ein im Durchmesser möglichst dünnes metallisches Rohr 7 hindurchführt, das die Kontaktierung der Innenelektrode 5 mit Hilfe einer Kontaktfeder 9 durchführt. Die Hochspannung wird dem Rohr 7 durch einen in einem keramischen zylinderförmigen Halter10 angeordneten Leiter 11 zugeführt. Das rückseitige Ende des Rohres 7 ist zu einem Stift 12 verjüngt, der mit dem Leiter 11 elektrisch verbunden ist und in eine Ausnehmung 13 des Halters 10 eingreift. Die Hochspannungswerte sind im wesentlichen ident mit jenen der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1, jedoch weist die Hochspannung an der Innenelektrode 5 und an der Entladungselektrode 29 eine negative Polarität auf.Fig. 2 shows a section along the main axis of another embodiment of a diesel soot converter. In the diesel soot converter according to Fig. 2 is the ceramic body 1 electrically and mechanically from the discharge electrode 29 separated. The one having the continuous channels 20 for the diesel exhaust gases Ceramic body also has an annular cross section and is expanded by press mats or wire mesh 3 in a tubular Part of the exhaust pipe 2 attached. The hollow inner part 22 of the ceramic body 1 is on the inlet side with a non-conductive, preferably ceramic plug 4 closed. On the inner and outer cylinder jacket of the ceramic body 1 is an electrically conductive layer, which acts as a high voltage internal electrode 5 or as an external electrode connected to ground 6 serves. The hollow interior 22 of the ceramic body 1 is on the outlet side by a non-conductive, preferably ceramic plug 4 'closed. The plug 4 'has a thin bore through which a leads in the thinnest possible metallic tube 7, which the Contacting the inner electrode 5 with the aid of a contact spring 9. The high voltage is the tube 7 through a ceramic in a cylindrical Holder 10 arranged conductor 11 supplied. The back end of the tube 7 is tapered to a pin 12 which is electrically connected to the conductor 11 is connected and engages in a recess 13 of the holder 10. The high voltage values are substantially identical to those of the embodiment Fig. 1, however, has the high voltage on the inner electrode 5 and on the discharge electrode 29 has a negative polarity.

Die Entladungselektrode 29 ist elektrisch und mechanisch getrennt vom Keramikkörper 1 im Rohr 2 des Abgasstranges angeordnet. Die Entladungselektrode 29 besitzt einen zylindrischen Sprühzähne 24 tragende Grundkörper 25, welcher zu beiden Seiten dünne vorzugsweise 2 bis 4 mm dicke Stifte 18, 18' aufweist, durch welche die Entladungselektrode 8 in Ausnehmungen 19, 19' von keramischen Halterungen 15, 16 abgestützt ist. Die Hochspannung wird der Entladeelektrode 29 durch einen in der Halterung 16 geführten Leiter 17 über den Stift 18 zugeführt. Die der Entladeelektrode 29 umgebende Gegenelektrode 30 ist durch eine am Rohr 2 angebrachte keramische Beschichtung gebildet, welche eine Stärke von 0,1 bis 0,5 aufweist. Die elektrischen Widerstandswerte entsprechen jenen der Gegenelektrode 14 in der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1.The discharge electrode 29 is electrically and mechanically separated arranged by the ceramic body 1 in the pipe 2 of the exhaust line. The discharge electrode 29 has a cylindrical spray teeth 24 supporting base body 25, which is thin on both sides, preferably 2 to 4 mm thick Has pins 18, 18 'through which the discharge electrode 8 in recesses 19, 19 'is supported by ceramic brackets 15, 16. The high voltage is the discharge electrode 29 by a guided in the holder 16 Head 17 supplied via the pin 18. The one surrounding the discharge electrode 29 Counterelectrode 30 is by a ceramic coating attached to tube 2 formed, which has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5. The electrical resistance values correspond to those of the counter electrode 14 in the embodiment according to Fig. 1.

Zwischen der Innenelektrode 5 und der Innenwand 21 des Keramikkörpersl ist ein Kaltleiter 27 angeordnet, welcher bei Erhöhung der Temperatur seinen Widerstand erhöht. Der Kaltleiter 27 kompensiert durch den Anstieg seines Widerstandes den bei höheren Temperaturen abnehmenden Widerstand des Keramikkörpers 1.Between the inner electrode 5 and the inner wall 21 of the ceramic body a PTC thermistor 27 is arranged, which when the temperature rises his resistance increased. The PTC thermistor 27 compensates for the increase its resistance is the decreasing resistance at higher temperatures of the ceramic body 1.

Das bei A eintretende Abgas wird im Ringraum 26 zwischen Entladungselektrode 29 und Gegenelektrode 30 ionisiert und strömt durch die Kanäle 20 des Keramikkörpers 1 und verläßt den Rußfilter bei B. Auf Grund des zwischen der Innenelektrode 5 und Außenelektrode 6 aufgebauten elektrischen Feldes kommt es zu einer Abscheidung der im Abgas enthaltenen Rußpartikeln an den Seitenwänden der Kanäle 20. Aus den Wänden der Kanäle 20 treten durch die Temperatur bedingt Elektronen aus, welche durch das dort herrschenden elektrische Feld in Richtung zu den Rußablagerungen beschleunigt werden und bei Auftreffen eine Oxidation der Rußablagerungen einleiten.The exhaust gas entering at A is in the annular space 26 between the discharge electrode 29 and counter electrode 30 ionize and flow through the channels 20 of the ceramic body 1 and leaves the soot filter at B. Due to the electrical built up between the inner electrode 5 and outer electrode 6 In the field, the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas are separated on the side walls of the channels 20. Step out of the walls of the channels 20 due to the temperature caused electrons from there prevailing electric field accelerated towards the soot deposits become and initiate an oxidation of the soot deposits.

Claims (14)

  1. An apparatus for cleaning exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular diesel exhaust particulate filters, with a discharge electrode (8; 29) and a counter-electrode (28; 30) opposite of the same for electrically charging the exhaust particulate components and a ceramic body (1) of annular cross section and with continuous conduits (20) extending in the direction of the flow and with an internal electrode (5) which is at high voltage and is arranged on the internal cylinder wall (21) of the ceramic body (1) and creates an electric field transversally to the continuous conduits (20), with the exhaust particulates being deposited on the walls of the conduits (20) and being oxidised, and with a separation being provided for supressing the flow through the hollow inner space (22) of the ceramic body by an exhaust gas, characterized in that the separation of the hollow inner space (22) of the ceramic body (1) is formed by an electric insulator, preferably a ceramic plug (4), arranged on the inlet side of the exhaust particulates flow.
  2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the hollow inner space (22) of the ceramic body (1) is also closed off on the rear side by an insulator, preferably a ceramic plug (4'), having a passage (23') of a diameter of preferably 1 to 2 mm through which the internal electrode (5) is supplied with high voltage.
  3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulator (4) is also provided on the inlet side of the exhaust particulates flow with a passage (23) through which passes an electrically conductive, preferably tube-shaped connecting element (7) which carries the counter-electrode (28) (fig. 1).
  4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the passage (23) of the insulator (4) is provided with a diameter of not more than 10 mm on the inlet side of the exhaust particulates flow.
  5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the discharge electrode (29) tapers off at either end into thin pins (18, 18') which are preferably 2 to 4 mm thick and are held in ceramic fixing devices (15, 16) which penetrate the tubular counter-electrode (30) on both sides and/or rest on the same, and at least one of the two ceramic fixing devices (16) comprises a high-voltage supply (17) for the discharge electrode (29).
  6. An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the discharge electrode (8; 29) and/or the counter-electrode (28; 30) which is opposite of the same is provided with a ceramic coating with high electric resistance.
  7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the spray teeth (24) of the discharge electrode (8; 29) are provided at their tips with a ceramic coating with a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm and have an electric volume resistance per tip of between 1 megohm and 1 gigohm, preferably between 10 megohms and 100 megohms.
  8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the ceramic coating of the counter-electrode (28; 30) has a thickness of between 0.1 and 0.5 mm and has an electric volume resistance of between 1 megohm.cm2 and one gigohm.cm2, preferably between 10 megohms.cm2 and 100 megohms.cm2.
  9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the coating of the discharge electrode (8; 29) and/or counter-electrode (28; 30) consists of one of the materials of A1203, TiO, ZrO and CrO or mixtures therefrom.
  10. An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the internal electrode (5) which is arranged on the inner side of the ceramic body (1) is arranged at a distance from the inlet side and preferably also from the outlet side of the conduits (20) of the ceramic body (1).
  11. An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a PTC resistor (27) is arranged between the internal electrode (5) which is at high voltage and the internal cylinder surface area (21) of the ceramic body (1).
  12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the PTC resistor (27) increases its volume resistance from values under 10 megohms.cm2 to not less than 100 megohms.cm2, preferably 300 megohms.cm2, at a temperature rise of 100°C to 500°C.
  13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the electrically conductive tubular connecting element (22) which carries the counter-electrode (28) is arranged as a spray electrode between the insulators (4, 4') in the inner space (22) of the ceramic body (1).
  14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 or 13, characterized in that inserts with waves or ribs extending in the axial direction are provided in the passages (23, 23') of the insulators (4, 4') between the tubular connecting element (7) and the insulators (4, 4').
EP97904288A 1996-02-12 1997-02-10 Device for the cleaning of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0880642B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT246/96 1996-02-12
AT24696 1996-02-12
AT0024696A ATA24696A (en) 1996-02-12 1996-02-12 DEVICE FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
PCT/AT1997/000024 WO1997030274A1 (en) 1996-02-12 1997-02-10 Device for the cleaning of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines

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EP0880642A1 EP0880642A1 (en) 1998-12-02
EP0880642B1 true EP0880642B1 (en) 1999-12-22

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AT (2) ATA24696A (en)
AU (1) AU1711997A (en)
BR (1) BR9707497A (en)
CA (1) CA2246353A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ254898A3 (en)
DE (1) DE59700888D1 (en)
HU (1) HUP9901677A3 (en)
PL (1) PL328241A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997030274A1 (en)

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EP1225316A2 (en) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-24 Walter Hofmann Exhaust gas system device of an internal combustion engine for testing the load of the exhaust gas flow with soot particles
CN107684976A (en) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-13 刘景文 Air electrostatic branner
TWI678233B (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-12-01 劉景文 Combined structure of electrostatic dust cleaning machine

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FR2781690B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2002-04-12 Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto DEVICE FOR REGENERATING A PARTICLE FILTER FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
GB2351923A (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-17 Perkins Engines Co Ltd Self-cleaning particulate filter utilizing electric discharge currents
GB2358149A (en) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-18 Quantum Fuel Technology Ltd Ionising chamber for reducing exhaust emissions
AT410761B (en) * 2001-03-26 2003-07-25 Meier Stauffer Gerd Dr Soot filter and catalyst for diesel engines includes differential pressure measurement controlling high voltage discharge to burn-off soot
US7514047B2 (en) 2003-01-15 2009-04-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purifying apparatus
AT500959B1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2007-05-15 Carl M Dr Fleck METHOD AND FILTER ARRANGEMENT FOR SEPARATING RUSSIAN PARTICLES
AT501888B1 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-12-15 Fleck Carl M Dr WAVE FILTER WITH PLANAR ELECTRODES
AT503022B1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2007-07-15 Fleck Carl M Dr Filter arrangement for separating soot particles from an exhaust flow, comprises electrode arrangement through which exhaust gas flows and which charges soot particles, which are removed from exhaust flow by electrical field or mechanically
FR2907843B1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2009-01-23 Renault Sas ELECTRIC SOFT PARTICLE CAPTURING DEVICE OF EXHAUST GAS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.
CH702125B1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2011-05-13 Rudolf Bolliger Dipl. Ei. Ing. Htl An electrostatic dust filter.
DE102010044252B4 (en) * 2010-09-02 2014-03-27 Reinhausen Plasma Gmbh Apparatus and method for generating a barrier discharge in a gas stream
DE102010044343A1 (en) 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Device with an annular electrode for reducing soot particles in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine

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US4979364A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-25 Fleck Carl M Diesel fuel exhaust gas filter
DE3834920A1 (en) * 1988-10-13 1990-04-19 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ELIMINATING SOOT SEPARATED IN AN EXHAUST FILTER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
CA2086675C (en) * 1990-07-02 2003-01-28 Carl M. Fleck Process and device for cleaning exhaust gases
DE4200343C2 (en) * 1992-01-09 1993-11-11 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrostatic separator
JPH05277313A (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-26 Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd Fine particle separating device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1225316A2 (en) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-24 Walter Hofmann Exhaust gas system device of an internal combustion engine for testing the load of the exhaust gas flow with soot particles
CN107684976A (en) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-13 刘景文 Air electrostatic branner
TWI678233B (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-12-01 劉景文 Combined structure of electrostatic dust cleaning machine

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ATA24696A (en) 2000-10-15
AU1711997A (en) 1997-09-02
ATE188015T1 (en) 2000-01-15
EP0880642A1 (en) 1998-12-02
PL328241A1 (en) 1999-01-18
DE59700888D1 (en) 2000-01-27
CZ254898A3 (en) 1998-11-11
HUP9901677A3 (en) 2000-03-28
HUP9901677A2 (en) 1999-08-30
CA2246353A1 (en) 1997-08-21
BR9707497A (en) 2000-01-04
WO1997030274A1 (en) 1997-08-21
JP2000504805A (en) 2000-04-18
JP4005137B2 (en) 2007-11-07

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