EP0878389B1 - Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem - Google Patents

Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0878389B1
EP0878389B1 EP19970201995 EP97201995A EP0878389B1 EP 0878389 B1 EP0878389 B1 EP 0878389B1 EP 19970201995 EP19970201995 EP 19970201995 EP 97201995 A EP97201995 A EP 97201995A EP 0878389 B1 EP0878389 B1 EP 0878389B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
anchor
line
lines
anchor line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970201995
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0878389A1 (de
Inventor
Leendert Poldervaart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Single Buoy Moorings Inc
Original Assignee
Single Buoy Moorings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP97201461A external-priority patent/EP0878388A1/de
Application filed by Single Buoy Moorings Inc filed Critical Single Buoy Moorings Inc
Priority to EP19970201995 priority Critical patent/EP0878389B1/de
Publication of EP0878389A1 publication Critical patent/EP0878389A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0878389B1 publication Critical patent/EP0878389B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vessel comprising at least two anchor lines connected with a first end respectively at a substantially fixed position near the bow and near the stern of the vessel, at least one anchor line comprising a first line section extending to a connection point located below keel level of the vessel and at least two branching anchor lines, each connected with one end to the anchor line in the connection point and connected with the other end to the seabed.
  • a mooring system in which a vessel is moored to a drilling rig, the mooring lines being attached to mooring winches. By tightening or slackening the mooring lines, the vessel can assume a large number of different orientations with respect to the drilling rig.
  • an anchor line extends to a submerged buoy to which the vessel is attached via a wire rope.
  • the buoy is attached to the seabed by a branching anchor line which extends at an obtuse angle with respect to the seabed.
  • the branching anchor line does not have a load bearing function for the moored vessel but maintains the submerged buoy in a fixed position.
  • a weathervaning vessel which is anchored to the seabed by means of four anchor lines.
  • the vessel is provided with a track which encircles the hull of the vessel.
  • a plurality of movable carriages are guided along the track, one anchor line being connected to each carriage.
  • the carriages can be placed at specific point along the track, each carriage being equipped with a winch for accumulating or discharging a respective anchor line.
  • the known anchoring construction is relatively complex and the anchor line arrangement covers a relatively large part of the seabed, Hence the anchor lines may interfere with the operating area for the risers and leaves little room for the anchoring spread of a drilling/workover rig when such a rig is anchored next to, or in close proximity to the drilling vessel.
  • the vessel according to the present invention is characterized in that at least one riser extends from the vessel to a subsea structure, the two branching anchor lines enclosing an acute angle with the seabed, all anchor lines of the vessel being attached to the seabed, for allowing weathervaning of the vessel around the stern and/or bow through relatively small angles.
  • the vessel according to the present invention can be easily accessed along its sides. Thereby other vessels can easily approach and moor aside the vessel according to the present invention, and sufficient space is available for location of for instance flexible risers.
  • a very stable multiple point mooring system (at least a three point system) which will leave enough play for the vessel to weathervane through angles less than 90° in both directions.
  • both the bow and the stern anchor lines each comprise at least two branching anchor lines.
  • the anchor lines extend substantially vertically downward. Hereby access of the vessel is further increased.
  • substantially vertical shall mean a position from the first anchor line section being inclined from the vertical position by no more than 45°.
  • anchor line as used herein comprises anchor cables, ropes, chains or combinations thereof.
  • At least one anchor line extends through a generally vertical shaft extending through the hull of the vessel from deck level to keel lever. In this way the anchor lines are located below the vessel, and the bow and stern are easily accessible as well.
  • a counterweight is connected to at least one of the anchor lines, such that the tension in the vertically extending part can be adjusted and the stiffness of the anchor line system can be varied for adjustment of the weathervaning action.
  • Another embodiment of a vessel according to the present invention is characterized in that the pulling device can vary the length of the at least one anchor line such that both anchor lines are maintained in a tensioned state, and the vessel can weathervane around the bow anchor line or the stern anchor line.
  • the invention is based on the insight that during normal operating conditions, a vessel will be subjected to wind and wave directions which are more or less constant for larger time periods. During these substantially constant conditions, the vessel only needs to weathervane through a relatively small angle such as between 0° and 90°. For these conditions, by properly tensioning and slackening at least one of the anchor lines at the bow and stern of the vessel, an efficient and controlled weathervaning action can be achieved, without the need of a complex system of displaceable winches.
  • the pulling device such as for instance a winch system
  • the pulling device varies the length of the anchor lines simultaneously.
  • Variation of the anchor lines can take place under the control of a mean position sensor which actuates the winch system on the basis of the mean position of the vessel, the wind or wave directions, etc. The change in one of the above environmental characteristics will change the control signal and hence the stiffness of the anchor line system.
  • each anchor line is connected to the pulling device via a sheave located generally at the centre line of the vessel.
  • a sheave located generally at the centre line of the vessel.
  • the anchor lines are connected to a single pulling device or winch.
  • this single pulling device bow and stern anchor lines can be simultaneously slackened or tightened to obtain a proper weathervaning position of the vessel.
  • a single anchor line passes from the bow, via the pulling device to the stern of the vessel, such that the length of the anchor line that is for instance taken in at the bow corresponds with the length of anchor line payed out at the stern.
  • the vertical arm of the weathervaning system can be adjusted and thereby the stiffness of the weathervaning system can be varied.
  • the vessel according to the invention is connected to a subsea hydrocarbon structure via at least one riser.
  • the riser is connected to the side of the vessel near midship where dynamic movements are minimum thereby increasing the longevity of these risers.
  • the riser may pass through the vessel via the moonpool. As the movements of the vessel are limited to rotations of approximately 90 degrees, the risers also do not require complicated swivels at their attachment points as the riser itself can twist this angle.
  • Figure 1a shows a vessel 1 which at its bow 2 and at its stern 4 is connected to anchor lines 3 and 5.
  • the anchor lines 3 and 5 comprise a generally vertically extending section and two branching sections 11,11', 12,12' attached to the vertical parts.
  • submerged buoys 13,14 are attached to the stern and bow anchor lines. By positioning of the buoys 13,14, the stiffness of the anchoring system can be varied.
  • the bow anchor line 3 is connected to a fixed position winch 6. Both stern and bow anchor lines are connected to counter weights 9 and 10. Each anchor line extends through a vertical shaft 19,20 extending from deck level to keel level. The vessel will weathervane around the anchor line which is stiffest. If both anchor lines have the same stiffness and the winch 6 pays out bow anchor line 3, the vessel will weathervane around the stern anchor line 5 because this anchor line is relatively stiffer than anchor line 3. In reverse, if winch 6 takes in bow anchor line 3, then the vessel will be weathervaning around anchor line 3 because this anchor line will be stiffer than the stern anchor line 5.
  • the bow anchor line and stern anchor line are mutually connected by a cable 13.
  • the stern counter weights 9 will be lifted or lowered and the stiffness of the system will be varied for adjustment of the weathervaning action thereof.
  • FIG 4 shows a vessel 1 with at its bow 2 and its stern 4 respective winches 6,7.
  • the anchor lines 3,5 may be comprised of ropes, chains or cables.
  • Each anchor line 3,5 in the present embodiment is connected to a counterweight 9,10 which counterweight in turn is connected to the seabed by means of chains or cables 11,12.
  • the stiffness of the weathervaning system according to the present invention may be adjusted by changing the weight of the counterweight 9 and 10 or by changing the length of the vertical arm (vertical part of the anchor line 3,5).
  • the use of the counterweights 9 and 10 however is optional, and instead thereof buoys could be used as in figure 1b.
  • Risers 8 are connected near midship of the vessel 1, which risers are connected to a subsea oil or gas structure which is not shown in the drawings.
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment wherein the anchor lines 3,5 are connected to a fixed position sheave 16,17 at the stern and bow of the vessel 1.
  • the anchor lines are connected to a single winch 15 on the vessel 1.
  • each anchor line 3,5 is passed through a vertical shaft 19,20 extending from deck level to keel level through the hull of the vessel 1. In this way, the anchor lines 3,5 stay clear from the sides of the vessel and do not interfere with other vessels which need to moor alongside the vessel 1 according to the present invention.
  • each anchor line 3,5 is connected to the seabed by means of three chains or cables 11,11',11'' and 12,12',12'' which extend from the counterweights 9,10 to the seabed.
  • Figure 8 shows a situation in which the anchor line 3 at the bow is payed out and the anchor line at the stern is taken in, such that the vessel 1 will weathervane around the stern anchor line 5 in the direction of the arrow as indicated.
  • this construction it is possible to use a single anchor line for the bow and stern anchor lines 3,5, such that the anchor line which is payed out at the bow corresponds to the length of anchor line which is taken in at the stern, as shown in figure 6.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Ein Schiff umfassend wenigstens zwei Ankerstränge (3, 5), wobei ein erster der Stränge mit einem ersten Ende an einer im wesentlichen fixen Position nahe des Buges (2) verbunden ist, und wobei ein zweiter Strang nahe des Hecks (4) des Schiffs mit einem ersten Ende verbunden ist, wobei wenigstens einer der Ankerstränge einen ersten Strangbereich umfasst, der sich zu einem Verbindungspunkt erstreckt, der unterhalb des Kielniveaus des Schiffs angeordnet ist, und wenigstens zwei verzweigende Ankerstränge, wobei jeder an einem Ende mit dem Ankerstrang am Verbindungspunkt verbunden ist, und an dem anderen Ende mit dem Meeresgrund, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich wenigstens ein Steigrohr (8) vom Schiff zu einer Meeresgrundstruktur erstreckt, wobei die zwei verzweigenden Ankerstränge einen spitzen Winkel mit dem Meeresgrund einschließen, wobei alle Ankerstränge des Schiffs an dem Meeresgrund befestigt sind, um ein Wetterschwanken des Schiffs um das Heck und/oder des Buges über relativ kleine Winkel zu erlauben.
  2. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ankerstränge sich von ihrer fixen Position im wesentlichen vertikal nach unten hin erstrecken.
  3. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Auftriebsmittel mit wenigstens einem Ankerstrang an oder nahe des Verbindungspunktes verbunden ist.
  4. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich wenigstens ein Ankerstrang durch einen im allgemeinen vertikalen Schaft erstreckt, der sich durch den Schiffskörper vom Deckniveau zum Kielniveau des Schiffs erstreckt.
  5. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 1, 2, oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigsten ein Ankerstrang bei oder nahe des Verbindungspunktes mit einem Ballastgewicht oder einem Auftriebsmittel verbunden ist.
  6. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beide Ankerstränge mit entsprechenden verzweigenden Ankersträngen verbunden sind.
  7. Ein Schiff gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Bereich des wenigstens einen Ankerstranges verbunden ist mit einer Zugvorrichtung zum Verlängern oder Verkürzen des Ankerstranges, wobei die Zugvorrichtung die Länge des wenigstens einen Ankerstranges variieren kann derart, dass beide Ankerstränge in einem unter Zugspannung stehenden Zustand beibehalten werden, und das Schiff sich um den Bugankerstrang (3) oder den Heckankerstrang (5) witterungsbedingt schwanken kann.
  8. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugvorrichtung ein Windensystem (6, 7, 15) ist.
  9. Ein Schiff gemäß Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Ankerstrang mit einer Zugvorrichtung verbunden ist.
  10. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß Anspruch 7, 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugvorrichtung (6, 7, 15) die Länge der Ankerstränge (3, 5) gleichzeitig variiert.
  11. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß Anspruch 7, 8, 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Ankerstrang (3, 5) mit der Zugvorrichtung (15) über eine Antriebsscheibe (16, 17) verbunden ist, die im allgemeinen an der Mittellinie des Schiffs (1) angeordnet ist.
  12. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ankerstränge (3, 5) mit einer einzigen Zugvorrichtung (15) verbunden sind.
  13. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein Ankerstrang vom Bug (2) über die Zugvorrichtung (15) zum Heck erstreckt.
  14. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ankerstränge (3, 5) von der Zugvorrichtung (15) durch den Schiffskörper des Schiffs zu einem entsprechendem Verankerungspunkt verlaufen.
  15. Ein Schiff(1) gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schiff wenigstens nahe seines Buges (2) oder Hecks (4) versehen ist mit einem im allgemeinen vertikalen Schaft (19, 20), der sich durch den Schiffskörper erstreckt, wobei wenigstens ein Ankerstrang sich durch den Schaft (19, 20) erstreckt.
  16. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schiff einen Schaft (19, 20) nahe des Buges (2) und nahe des Hecks (4) umfasst.
  17. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens einer der Ankerstränge unterhalb des Meeresspiegels mit einem Gegengewicht (9, 10) verbunden ist, welches wiederum mit dem Meeresgrund über die verzweigenden Stränge verbunden ist.
  18. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Auftriebsbauteil mit wenigstens einem der Ankerstränge verbunden ist.
  19. Ein Schiff (1) gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schiff mit einer Untersee-Kohlenwasserstoff-Struktur über wenigstens ein Steigrohr verbunden ist.
  20. Ein Schiff gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schiff keine Turmstruktur umfasst.
EP19970201995 1997-05-15 1997-07-01 Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem Expired - Lifetime EP0878389B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19970201995 EP0878389B1 (de) 1997-05-15 1997-07-01 Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97201461A EP0878388A1 (de) 1997-05-15 1997-05-15 Halb-schwenkendes Verankerungssystem
EP97201461 1997-05-15
EP19970201995 EP0878389B1 (de) 1997-05-15 1997-07-01 Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0878389A1 EP0878389A1 (de) 1998-11-18
EP0878389B1 true EP0878389B1 (de) 2002-03-27

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EP19970201995 Expired - Lifetime EP0878389B1 (de) 1997-05-15 1997-07-01 Halbschwenkendes Verankerungssystem

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR0013270A (pt) 1999-08-09 2002-04-16 Single Buoy Moorings Sistema de ancoragem
CN106290955B (zh) * 2016-10-09 2022-11-11 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 测风塔仪器传送装卸装置及使用方法
SG11202100999SA (en) * 2018-07-31 2021-02-25 Sofec Inc Disconnectable spread mooring and riser tower system and method
CN114162268B (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-10-14 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 一种用于中浅水域浮体的系泊装置及安装方法

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3138135A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-06-23 Rudolph M Langer Mooring device
US3583354A (en) 1969-04-23 1971-06-08 Don H Flickinger Anchoring system for fating drilling vessel
US3620181A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-11-16 North American Rockwell Permanent ship mooring system
US3822663A (en) 1972-10-10 1974-07-09 H Boschen Method and apparatus for mooring floating vessels
US3886882A (en) * 1973-04-23 1975-06-03 Global Marine Inc Mooring apparatus for ice-breaking drill ship
FR2385584A1 (fr) * 1977-04-01 1978-10-27 Elf Aquitaine Dispositif de mise en tension des lignes d'ancrage
JPS5853628B2 (ja) * 1979-07-20 1983-11-30 五洋建設株式会社 海洋浮体構造物繋留装置及び繋留方法
GB2061850B (en) * 1979-10-29 1984-05-23 Ovretveit K A Mooring systems
JPS56135386A (en) * 1980-03-27 1981-10-22 Hitachi Zosen Corp Mooring method for floating body
DE3043755A1 (de) * 1980-11-20 1982-05-27 Blohm + Voss Ag, 2000 Hamburg Dauerhafte verankerung von schwimmenden bauwerken
JPS6149008A (ja) * 1984-08-17 1986-03-10 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 浮遊式構造物の係留方法
DE3535091A1 (de) * 1985-10-02 1987-04-16 Thyssen Nordseewerke Gmbh Eisbrechendes schiff
JPH01148688A (ja) * 1987-12-04 1989-06-12 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 浮上プラントの海底への引留め方法
BR9506067A (pt) * 1995-12-22 1997-12-23 Petroleo Brasileira S A Petrob Sistema de posicionamento por ancoragem com complacência diferenciada

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0878389A1 (de) 1998-11-18

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