EP0873385A1 - Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren - Google Patents

Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren

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Publication number
EP0873385A1
EP0873385A1 EP96919881A EP96919881A EP0873385A1 EP 0873385 A1 EP0873385 A1 EP 0873385A1 EP 96919881 A EP96919881 A EP 96919881A EP 96919881 A EP96919881 A EP 96919881A EP 0873385 A1 EP0873385 A1 EP 0873385A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
dispersant
internal combustion
antioxidant
vegetable oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96919881A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0873385B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Luc Sagnes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PARTINTER
Original Assignee
Technologique De Lubrifiants Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technologique De Lubrifiants Ste filed Critical Technologique De Lubrifiants Ste
Publication of EP0873385A1 publication Critical patent/EP0873385A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0873385B1 publication Critical patent/EP0873385B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
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    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • C10M2207/4045—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species used as base material
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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    • C10M2215/066—Arylene diamines
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    • C10M2215/067—Polyaryl amine alkanes
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    • C10M2215/068—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
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    • C10M2215/086—Imides
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
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    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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    • C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
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    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
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    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricants for internal combustion engines.
  • the known lubricants used conventionally in internal combustion engines are based on mineral or synthetic oils, and do not contain vegetable oil.
  • Natural vegetable oils have an oleic acid content of around 60% at most, and a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids which resist very poorly at the high operating temperatures of an internal combustion engine and which oxidize rapidly. , resulting in thermal shock and stirring as a considerable increase in viscosity, which can go as far as hardening of the oil. These vegetable oils are therefore not suitable for sustainable use in internal combustion engines.
  • a vegetable oil with a high oleic acid content for example a sunflower oil obtained from the crushing of oleic sunflower seeds, has an excellent resistance to oxidation at temperatures of the order of those of the operation of combustion engines. internally due to oleic acid or monounsaturated fatty acid.
  • vegetable oleic oils still contain a quantity of non-oleic polyunsaturated fatty acids, of the order of 20% currently, which do not withstand high temperatures. Therefore, these oils are not directly usable as a lubricant in internal combustion engines.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant based on vegetable oil for internal combustion engine, capable of fulfilling functions similar to that of a conventional lubricant based on mineral or synthetic oil for internal combustion engine.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant based on vegetable oil for an internal combustion engine of a low cost compatible with the market of industrial lubricants.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant of higher quality than that of conventional synthetic lubricants, at a lower cost price.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which can be burned, after use as a lubricant in the combustion chamber (s) of an engine.
  • the invention consists of a lubricant for an internal combustion engine characterized in that it comprises a vegetable oil whose oleic acid content is greater than 77%, at least one first antioxidant consisting of an alkylselenium , a first dispersant, a pour point improver, and a detergent.
  • said vegetable oil is a sunflower oil.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a second antioxidant different from said first antioxidant.
  • the second antioxidant consists, according to another advantageous characteristic, of alkylated diphenyla ine.
  • the addition of a second antioxidant different from the first makes it possible to create a synergistic effect with the first antioxidant.
  • the addition of an alkylated diphenylamine advantageously makes it possible to reduce the cost price of the antioxidant.
  • said first dispersant is a polymethacrylate.
  • the polymethacrylate also advantageously makes it possible to improve the viscosity when hot and to perform the function of improving the pour point of the lubricant according to the invention.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a polybutene in order to allow said lubricant, once used, to be burned in the combustion chamber or chambers of an engine.
  • Polybutene advantageously makes it possible to burn the used lubricant, after draining, in the fuel of the vehicle, for example.
  • certain polymethacrylates, the molecular weight of which is relatively large are generators of varnish on the pistons of an internal combustion engine, could not therefore allow the use of the used lubricant in the fuel of a vehicle. ⁇ to be burned in the combustion chambers.
  • the lubricant according to the present alternative once used, that is to say after having served for example in a vehicle for 10,000 to 15,000 km as engine lubricant, can advantageously be introduced into the vehicle's fuel tank and be burned in the engine combustion chamber with fuel.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a second dispersant different from said first dispersant. This characteristic makes it possible to obtain a synergistic effect of the two dispersants in order to improve the dispersing effect.
  • the lubricant according to the invention comprises a non-polar base.
  • Oleic vegetable oil is highly polar, which allows excellent fixation of the oil molecules on the metal parts of the engine and a reduction in the wear of these.
  • the non-polar base for example a synthetic base, in particular a polyalphaolephine, makes it possible to slightly reduce this effect in order to improve the action of the additives, and in particular of the dispersant additive (s).
  • the first general example of a lubricant according to the invention adopts the following volume composition, with an oleic sunflower oil as vegetable oil: oleic sunflower oil: 40% to 85 %, alkylselenium: 0.1% to 0.5%, alkylated diphenylamine: 0.2% to 3%, polymethacrylate: 3% to 15%, non-polar base: 5% to 20%, conventional additive mixture: 5 % to 25%.
  • oleic sunflower oil 40% to 85 %
  • alkylselenium 0.1% to 0.5%
  • alkylated diphenylamine 0.2% to 3%
  • polymethacrylate 3% to 15%
  • non-polar base 5% to 20%
  • conventional additive mixture 5 % to 25%.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can be mixed with a basic mineral oil or the like used in conventional lubricants for internal combustion engines, this with the essential aim of lowering the cost price lubricant depending on the use of the lubricant.
  • the mixture of conventional additives will be detailed below using specific examples.
  • polymethacrylate exercises in the above composition the main function of dispersant, and secondary of hot viscosity improver and pour point improver allowing a pour point greater than -30 ° C. . It will be understood that the content of polymethacrylate will essentially depend on the viscosity desired for the lubricating composition.
  • the first particular example is a lubricant of viscosity S AE 5W40 more particularly suitable for use in internal combustion engines running on petrol;
  • the lubricant comprises 68.4% by volume of oleic sunflower oil, the oleic acid content of which is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkylselenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first anti oxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as a second antioxidant, 9% by volume of a relatively large molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 6.050 , as the first dispersant, 12% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a cine ⁇ matic viscosity of 4 centistokes at 100 ° C as a non-polar base, 9.8% of a mixture of additives available in the commercial, for example Oloa® 4155, usually used as a mixture of additives to mineral or synthetic oils
  • the mixture of additives Oloa® 4155 is known to the manufacturer of conventional lubricants. base of mineral or synthetic oil for internal combustion engine, and will therefore not be described in more detail here. It should be noted that the dispersant of the Oloa® 4155 mixture is advantageously different from the first dispersant.
  • the second particular example is a lubricant of viscosity SAE 10W40 more particularly suitable for use in diesel engines;
  • the lubricant comprises 59.7% by volume of oleic sunflower oil whose oleic acid content is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkylselenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first anti -oxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as second antioxidant, 5% by volume of a relatively large molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 6.050 , as the first dispersant, 15% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a cine ⁇ matic viscosity of 4 centistokes at 100 ° C as a non-polar base, 19.5% of a mixture of additives available commercially, for example Oloa® 8900, usually used as a mixture of additives to mineral or synthetic oils for the manufacture of conventional lubricants for
  • the mixture of additives Oloa® 8900 is known to the manufacturer of conventional lubricants based on mineral or synthetic oil for diesel engines, and will therefore not be described in more detail here. It should be noted that the dispersant of the Oloa® 8900 mixture is advantageously different from the first dispersant.
  • the second general example of a lubricant according to the invention adopts the following volume composition, with an oleic sunflower oil as vegetable oil: oleic sunflower oil: 40% to 85 %, alkylselenium: 0.1% to 0.5%, alkylated diphenylamine: 0.2% to 3%, polybutene: 4% to 15%, succinide: 0.1% to 3%, polymethacrylate: 0.1% 0.8%, non-polar base: 5% to 20%, conventional additive mixture: 5% to 25%.
  • the polybutene performs the function of improving viscosity, and allows the lubricating composition, once used, to be burned in the combustion chamber or chambers of an engine.
  • the lubricant comprises 57.7% by volume of oleic sunflower oil, the content of which oleic acid is greater than 77% by volume, 0.3% by volume of alkylselenium, for example Oloa® 250, as the first antioxidant, 0.5% by volume of alkylated diphenylamine, for example Oloa® 4860, as second antioxidant, 10% by volume of a po ⁇ lybutene, for example Oloa® 9350, 2% by volume of succinimide, for example Lubrizol® 6418, as first dispersant, 0.7% of a relatively low molecular weight polymethacrylate, for example Viscoplex® 1-200, as pour point improver, 10% by volume of a polyalphaolefin with a kinematic viscosity of 4 centistokes at 100 ° C as a non-polar base, 19.5% of a mixture of conventional additives
  • the lubricant described above can advantageously be burned in the combustion chambers of an engine, in the pure state or diluted in the fuel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP96919881A 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren Expired - Lifetime EP0873385B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9505693A FR2733994B1 (fr) 1995-05-09 1995-05-09 Huile pour moteur a base d'huile de tournesol
FR9505693 1995-05-09
PCT/FR1996/000694 WO1996035766A1 (fr) 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Lubrifiants a base d'huile vegetale, pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0873385A1 true EP0873385A1 (de) 1998-10-28
EP0873385B1 EP0873385B1 (de) 2003-02-19

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96919881A Expired - Lifetime EP0873385B1 (de) 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Schmiermittel auf pflanzenölbasis für verbrennungsmotoren

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0873385B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE232900T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2220056A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69626314T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2733994B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996035766A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100236476B1 (ko) * 1997-08-20 2000-01-15 정몽규 식물성 엔진오일 조성물
DE19747854A1 (de) * 1997-10-30 1999-05-12 Fuchs Petrolub Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schmierung und gleichzeitigen Kraftstoffversorgung eines pflanzenöl-tauglichen Verbrennungsmotors
CN107573999A (zh) * 2017-10-09 2018-01-12 广东哈弗石油能源股份有限公司 一种抗磨持久动力因子润滑油

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB927794A (en) * 1958-10-31 1963-06-06 Celanese Corp New or improved lubricants
CH476098A (de) * 1965-10-12 1969-07-31 Geigy Ag J R Als Schmiermittel geeignete Mischung
ES2090686T3 (es) * 1991-09-16 1996-10-16 Lubrizol Corp Composiciones a base de aceite.
US5413725A (en) * 1992-12-18 1995-05-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Pour point depressants for high monounsaturated vegetable oils and for high monounsaturated vegetable oils/biodegradable base and fluid mixtures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9635766A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69626314T2 (de) 2003-12-11
WO1996035766A1 (fr) 1996-11-14
EP0873385B1 (de) 2003-02-19
FR2733994A1 (fr) 1996-11-15
FR2733994B1 (fr) 1997-08-08
DE69626314D1 (de) 2003-03-27
ATE232900T1 (de) 2003-03-15
CA2220056A1 (fr) 1996-11-14

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